Septic Tank Buoyancy Control 101. David Lentz, P.E.
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1 Septic Tank Buoyancy Control 101 David Lentz, P.E.
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3
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5 Archimedes Principle
6 Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water
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8 Sea water is 10% more dense than an iceberg, so 90% is submerged and 10% is exposed above the water
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11 and_events/event_subpages/content_pieces/canoes_ of_2018_poster.jpg
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14 Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water
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18 200 Fahrenheit Heated Air Lower Density than Ambient Air Creates Uplift Force Fahrenheit Ambient Air Higher Density than Heated Air
19 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force
20 800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force
21 800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket
22 800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket 900 lbs People on ground
23 800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket 900 lbs People on ground Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1, ,150 1,500
24 800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket Balloon Stays on Ground Net 650 lbs Down Force 900 lbs People on ground Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1, ,150 1,500
25 800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force What happens when the six people let go of the basket? 450 lbs People in basket Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1, ,250 1,500
26 800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket Balloon Floats Net 250 lbs Up Force Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1, ,250 1,500
27 800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket Balloon Floats Net 250 lbs Up Force Down (lbs) Up (lbs) 800 1, ,250 1,500
28 Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water
29 Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water 1 gallon water??? pounds
30 Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water 1 gallon water 8.3 pounds
31 Archimedes Principle: The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water 4 gals ~ 33 lbs 1 gallon water 8.3 pounds 500 gals ~ 4,000 lbs 1,200 gallons ~ 10,000 lbs 1,700 gallons ~ 14,000 lbs
32 Tank Buoyant Force Comparison 33 lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank
33 Tank Buoyant Force Comparison Beach ball 33 lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank
34 Tank Buoyant Force Comparison Beach ball Ford F lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank
35 Tank Buoyant Force Comparison Beach ball Ford F150 Skid steer 33 lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank
36 Tank Buoyant Force Comparison Beach ball Ford F150 Skid steer Mini-Excavator 33 lbs Beach Ball 4,000 lbs 500-gal Pump Tank 450 lbs People in basket 10,000 lbs 1,000-gal Septic Tank 14,000 lbs 1,500-gal Septic Tank
37 800 lbs Balloon, basket, fuel 1,500 lbs Balloon buoyant force 450 lbs People in basket 900 lbs People on ground
38 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces
39 Key Buoyancy Control Factors Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Depth of soil cover over tank More soil over tank top = more resisting force Expected position of groundwater outside of tank Shallower groundwater = greater buoyant force
40 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Buoyancy is like a tug of war, except vertical Upward buoyant force vs. Downward resisting forces
41 Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces
42 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Empty tank and riser buoyant force x 1.0
43 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Installation A Installation B Buoyant force Groundwater 24 above tank bottom Groundwater 42 above tank bottom Buoyant force
44 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Soil weight above x 0.90 Empty Empty tank tank and riser buoyant force 1.0 force x 1.0
45 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Installation A Installation B 12 soil cover Soil weight Soil weight 6 soil cover
46 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Breakout wedge soil x 0.67 Soil weight above x 0.90 Empty tank Empty tank and riser buoyant buoyant force 1.0 force x 1.0
47 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Breakout wedge soil x 0.67 Soil weight above x 0.90 Empty tank Empty tank and riser buoyant buoyant force 1.0 force x 1.0 Soil in/above corrugations x 0.90
48 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Breakout wedge soil x 0.67 Soil weight above x 0.90 Empty tank Empty tank and riser buoyant buoyant force 1.0 force x 1.0 Soil in/above corrugations x 0.90 Sidewall friction x 0.50
49 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Installation A Installation B 12 soil cover 6 soil cover Groundwater 24 above tank bottom Groundwater 42 above tank bottom
50 Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Force Installation A Installation B Down (lbs) Up (lbs) Down (lbs) Up (lbs) Soil cover 5, ,565 0 Corrugation soil 3, ,018 0 Failure wedge Friction 2, ,925 0 Corrugation water Riser voids Tank uplift 0 4, ,516 Total 12,251 5, ,846 Net force Net 7,103 lbs down Net 1,805 lbs up NO CONTROLS NEEDED CONTROLS REQUIRED
51 Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Force Installation A Installation B Down (lbs) Up (lbs) Down (lbs) Up (lbs) Soil cover 5, ,565 0 Corrugation soil 3, ,018 0 Failure wedge Friction 2, ,925 0 Corrugation water Riser voids Tank uplift 0 4, ,516 Total 12,251 5,148 7,041 8,846 Net force Net 7,103 lbs down Net 1,805 lbs up NO CONTROLS NEEDED CONTROLS REQUIRED
52 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces SOLUTION: Provide minimum 1.5 factor of safety for design Minimum buoyancy control force = 1,805 lbs x 1.5 = 2,707 lbs
53 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces SOLUTION: Minimum buoyancy control force = 2,707 lbs Minimum force per tank side = 2,707 lbs / 2 sides = 1,354 lbs Installation B Minimum 1,354 lbs Minimum 1,354 lbs
54 Buried Tank Force Analysis Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces SOLUTION: Minimum buoyancy control force = 2,707 lbs Minimum force per tank side = 2,707 lbs / 2 sides = 1,354 lbs Installation B Soil columns above control provide downward force Minimum 1,354 lbs Minimum 1,354 lbs
55 Infiltrator IM-Series Tank Design Method 1. Final amount of soil cover over tank? 2. Groundwater position above tank bottom? If the uninterrupted saturated soil outside the tank exceeds the height of the outlet pipe saddle, then do not install dd
56 Infiltrator IM-Series Tank Design Method 1. Final amount of soil cover over tank? 2. Groundwater position above tank bottom? If the uninterrupted saturated soil outside the tank exceeds the height of the outlet pipe saddle, then do not install dd
57 Infiltrator IM-Series Tank Design Method 1. Final amount of soil cover over tank? 2. Groundwater position above tank bottom? If the uninterrupted saturated soil outside the tank exceeds the height of the outlet pipe saddle, then do not install dd
58 NO Buoyancy Control is Required if Soil cover is greater than 12 inches over the top of tank dd
59 dd
60 Buoyancy Control Methods dd
61 Snyder/Norwesco Concrete Slab System dd
62 Roth Multi-Tank Buoyancy Calculations dd
63 Roth Multi-Tank Restraining Collar Design dd
64 Infiltrator IM-Series Tank Design Method
65 Parking Bumpers
66 Spare 24-inch Concrete Tank Lid dd
67 6 x 6 Pressure- Treated Wood dd
68 Installation Best Practices
69 Installation Best Practices Excavation Size Adjust excavation width to accommodate anchors Anchors must be offset from side of tank Additional excavation width required Adjust to allow workers to operate Adhere to OSHA excavation safety requirements
70 Installation Best Practices Strap Placement Balance straps along tank axis Balanced loading to tank Balance resisting force Uniform connection to buoyancy controls
71 Installation Best Practices Strap Placement Single Downward Anchor Force Upward Water Pressure Force
72 Installation Best Practices Strap Placement Multiple Downward Anchor Forces Upward Water Pressure Force
73 Balanced anchor placement
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75 Installation Best Practices Strap Tightening Establish tight strapping Prevents tank uplift Prevents change to inlet-to-outlet invert drop Prevents breakage of inlet and outlet piping Tighten using ratchet or turnbuckle
76 Tight straps
77 Mechanical tightening
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79 Installation Best Practices Strap Capacity Verify strap capacity Determine tank uplift Determine tension in straps Verify that adequate strap safety factor exists Safety Factor = Resisting Force Driving Force 10,000 lb capacity = 5,000 lb uplift = 2.0
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81 Installation Best Practices Anchor Placement Place anchors per manufacturer s instructions Some anchor designs require several feet of soil coverage to function properly Weight of soil cover over anchor resists uplift Weight of anchor is small compared to soil resistance
82 Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Installation Best Practices Anchor Placement Installation B Soil columns above control provide downward force
83 Offset anchor placement Correct anchor placement: offset from tank
84 Correct anchor placement: offset from tank Improper anchor placement: tucked under tank, so no soil column above anchor
85 Installation Best Practices Backfilling Backfill between anchors and tank Place backfill around entire tank Work soil into space between tank and anchors Compact soil per manufacturer s instructions
86 Correct anchor placement: offset from tank Improper anchor placement: tucked under tank no space for backfill placement
87 How Buried to Use this Tank Information Buoyancy Forces Consider buoyancy for any type of tank material Check the two biggest factors: Soil cover depth over tank Height of water above tank bottom Follow manufacturer installation instructions Make sure buoyant force loses the tug-of-war 1.5 x LARGER THAN UPLIFT
88 Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces Final Exam This buoyancy control design should be effective. A. True B. False
89 Buried Tank Buoyancy Forces
90 Presented by David Lentz, P.E.
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