Coping With the Asymmetric Threat: NBC/CBRN Protection for Armed Forces in International Operations

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Maurice Carter
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receive the best protection, because the best is exactly good enough.

Quality Assurance Program According to AQAP-2110 NATO-Supplier- No.

1 Coping With the Asymmetric Threat: NBC/CBRN Protection for Armed Forces in International Operations We must do everything possible to ensure that our soldiers and deployed troops receive the best protection, because the best is exactly good enough. (Lieutenant General Hans-Otto Budde, Commander of the German Army in: DWT INFO) Certified Quality Assurance Program According to AQAP-2110 NATO-Supplier- No. SH785 Beth-El Zikhron Yaaqov Industries Ltd. 1 Avshalom Road, P.O. Box 166 Zikhron Yaaqov 30951, Israel FAVehOverview_EN_0510_012

The Mission International deployments for conflict prevention and crisis management, including the fight against international terrorism, are now the most

It is of paramount importance that the structure, capabilities, and equipment, of these forces include CBRN protection, as today s chemical and biological

The Threat Deployed forces are increasingly exposed to an asymmetric threat, including terrorist attacks with non-conventional means and Release Other Than

A lack of warning and reaction time is a prime characteristic of this type of scenario and can be deadly for the troops concerned, even with the most

The Need for CBRN Protection Deployed forces need collective protection (COLPRO) against this new threat within seconds.

2 The Mission International deployments for conflict prevention and crisis management, including the fight against international terrorism, are now the most likely missions for armed forces within NATO. It is of paramount importance that the structure, capabilities, and equipment, of these forces include CBRN protection, as today s chemical and biological weapons of mass destruction do not require a sophisticated infrastructure; recently demonstrated by the use of chlorine IED s. The Threat Deployed forces are increasingly exposed to an asymmetric threat, including terrorist attacks with non-conventional means and Release Other Than Attack s (ROTA s) wherever large quantities of s (TIC s) are present; posing severe hazards to forces operating in these theaters. A lack of warning and reaction time is a prime characteristic of this type of scenario and can be deadly for the troops concerned, even with the most advanced CBRN detection and warning capabilities. The Need for CBRN Protection Deployed forces need collective protection (COLPRO) against this new threat within seconds. Whether in vehicles or in mobile or fixed field-camp infrastructure, and in the case of a terrorist attack, permanent, 24 hours a day, and 7 days a week (24/7), protection must be available. Formations lacking this capability can only take part in international deployment if the threat assessment rules out the possibility of the above mentioned scenarios in the whole theater of operations. Certified Quality Assurance Program According to AQAP-2110 NATO-Supplier- No. SH785

The Solution Beth-El Industries has developed a series of filtration systems to counter these new and ongoing

The requirement was to develop filtration systems that can be operated continuously over a period of months in

Beth-El Industries developed a cyclone filter with dust separation efficiency so improved that the additional

reduced; this means that degradation through air-humidity is virtually eliminated, making Beth-El filtration

3 The Solution Beth-El Industries has developed a series of filtration systems to counter these new and ongoing threat challenges. The requirement was to develop filtration systems that can be operated continuously over a period of months in vehicles as well as in mobile or fixed infrastructure. Beth-El Industries developed a cyclone filter with dust separation efficiency so improved that the additional dust filter and the CBRN protective filter remain clear of any adverse pollution factors that would degrade the system s effectiveness. In addition, the impregnated-activated-carbon ensures that the aging, typical of other filters, is significantly reduced; this means that degradation through air-humidity is virtually eliminated, making Beth-El filtration systems suitable for continuous, 24/7 operation. NATO Secretary General: I think first of all: that we need to look at those capabilities that would give protection to our armed forces, and indeed to the civilian population, in the event of what are called asymmetric attacks; the novel attacks using chemical and biological weaponry. * Press conference, NATO HQ Brussels

Proven Field Uses with Beth-El Ventilation and NBC Filtration Systems for Military Vehicles: Equipped with FA 180 VM-25 Container Equipped with FA 180 VM-10 Equipped with FA 60 VM-1 Equipped with FA

120 VM 6/FA 180 VM-12 Selection of Available Systems FA 60 VM-1 FA 120 VM-9 FA 120 VM-13 FA 120 VM-17 FA 60 VM-2 FA 120 VM-18 FA 120 VM-16 FA 120 VM-3 FA 180 VM-15 FA 120 VM-15 FA 180 VM-15 FA 180

4 Proven Field Uses with Beth-El Ventilation and NBC Filtration Systems for Military Vehicles: Equipped with FA 180 VM-25 Container Equipped with FA 180 VM-10 Equipped with FA 60 VM-1 Equipped with FA 120 VM-1 Equipped with FA 120 VM-18 Equipped with FA 120 VM-5/7 Equipped with FA 180 VM-6 Equipped with FA 180 VM-20 Equipped with FA 120 VM-18 Equipped with FA 180 VM-1 Back Cabin Equipped with FA 120 VM 6/FA 180 VM-12 Selection of Available Systems FA 60 VM-1 FA 120 VM-9 FA 120 VM-13 FA 120 VM-17 FA 60 VM-2 FA 120 VM-18 FA 120 VM-16 FA 120 VM-3 FA 180 VM-15 FA 120 VM-15 FA 180 VM-15 FA 180 VM-1 FA 120 VM-4 FA 180 VM-14 FA 120 VM-6 FA 180 VM-10 EPCS 120 H-1 FA 180 ZM-1 EPCS 180 H-1 EPCS 180 H-3 FA 240 VM-1 * Pictures are courtesy of Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH, Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH, Mowag GmbH, Iveco SpA, Daimler AG, EADS Deutschland GmbH, Otokar, Panhard and others. Equipped with FA 60 VMG/FA 45 GM Equipped with ECPS 180 H-4 Equipped with FA 180 VM-27 Equipped with FA 120 VM-12 Equipped with FA 120 VM-22 Equipped with FA 60 VM-3 Equipped with` FA 120 VM-14 Equipped with FA 120 VM-18 Equipped with FA 120 VM-16 Equipped with FA 180 VM-6 Back Cabin Equipped with FA 180 VM-13 Equipped with FA 180 VM-15 Equipped with FA 120 VM-8 Equipped with FA 120 VM-5/7 Equipped with FA 120 VM-11 Equipped with` FA 120 VM-5 Equipped with FA 120 VM-4 Equipped with FA 60 VM-2 Equipped with FA 120 VM-3 Back Cabin Equipped with FA 180 VM-9 Equipped with FA 180 VM-4 Equipped with FA 240 VM-1

System Features Description of Ventilation and Filtration Systems for Vehicles economical safe and easy operation accommodated into a compact space; provides better performance than today s standard

MILstandards optional connection to CAN-bus The VM-Series systems are versatile and can be customized and integrated into any armored vehicle chassis and in various layouts.

These systems can also be adapted for use in containerized facilities if required. Description: The CBRN-filtration system VM series systems are highly efficient ventilation and CBRN-filtration units.

5 System Features Description of Ventilation and Filtration Systems for Vehicles economical safe and easy operation accommodated into a compact space; provides better performance than today s standard systems light weight 24/7 operation very low power consumption certified by internationally esteemed military laboratories all parts are standard and replaceable developed and produced according to MILstandards optional connection to CAN-bus The VM-Series systems are versatile and can be customized and integrated into any armored vehicle chassis and in various layouts. The VM Series is comprised of a highly efficient cyclone filter for thorough dust extraction, followed by an additional pre-filter, and several new-generation NBC-Filter cartridges. These systems can also be adapted for use in containerized facilities if required. Description: The CBRN-filtration system VM series systems are highly efficient ventilation and CBRN-filtration units. They are integral to the protected interior chassis of military vehicles and supply clean, heated or cooled air during peace-time training or provide CBRN-filtered air during conflict scenarios. In unconventional warfare, troops as well as peacekeeping forces cannot expect attack warnings and are likely to have little time to prepare. Air filtration systems need to be readily accessible, able to function for an indefinite period, and they need to be prepared to meet an attack at any time. The VM series systems have all the necessary features to provide complete protection. Clean and filtered air is introduced into the crew compartment, creating a positive pressure; thereby preventing the penetration of contaminated air and relieving the occupants from the burden of wearing gas masks or personal protective clothing. The excess air exhausts through an overpressure valve, which regulates the positive pressure inside the compartment. The highly efficient cyclone filter, followed by a dust filter, prevents the clogging of the CBRN-filter cartridges and ensures efficiency for lengthy periods of time, even in harsh or dusty environments. The system s insensitivity to moisture minimizes the aging process and adds tremendous benefit and extension to the filter s shelf-life far beyond the systems on the market today. The system is capable of running continuously for prolonged periods of time (24/7 operation mode) providing effective protection, as well as assurance, to the crew-compartment s occupants. Schematic View of Filtration Stages BLOWER Dust Exhaust Minimal Remaining Dust Dust Fine Dust Bacteria Viruses s CYCLONE Fine Dust Bacteria Viruses s PRE-FILTER Bacteria Viruses s BIOLOGICAL FILTER s CHEMICAL FILTER Overpressure Blast Valve Clean, Breathable Air in the Crew Compartment Overpressure Adjustable Air-flow

Main Advantages: low volume and light weight due to patented filter technologies very high performance in protection factor additional pre-filter, extending the service life of the NBC filter

chemicals (e.g. ammonia, ethylene oxide, fomaldehyde, nitrogene oxide etc.) Compliant To: AEP 54 AC 225 (Panel VII) D/251 filter performance acc.

Cartridge) * Air-flow Rate in Ventilation Mode (with Fine Dust Filter Cartridge):: Overpressure inside the Compartment in Filtration Mode: (Factory Set) * The filtration system automatically detects

Other air flow rates available upon request Overpressure Blast Valve: The overpressure valve is designed to regulate the overpressure in the crew compartment.

All valves are available in both single and duel pressure systems.

6 Main Advantages: low volume and light weight due to patented filter technologies very high performance in protection factor additional pre-filter, extending the service life of the NBC filter cartridge maintenance free, highly efficient cyclone filter minimally aging carbon, providing tremendous benefits and reducing environmental problems additional adsorption of toxic industrial chemicals (e.g. ammonia, ethylene oxide, fomaldehyde, nitrogene oxide etc.) Compliant To: AEP 54 AC 225 (Panel VII) D/251 filter performance acc. to TL and TL MIL-STD 810 E MIL-STD 1275 B STANAG 2895 MIL-STD 461 E VG Technical Specifications of the VM Series * Air-flow Rate in Filtration Mode (with NBC-Filter Cartridge) * Air-flow Rate in Ventilation Mode (with Fine Dust Filter Cartridge):: Overpressure inside the Compartment in Filtration Mode: (Factory Set) * The filtration system automatically detects which filter cartridge is inserted and automatically sets the blower speed. Other air flow rates available upon request Overpressure Blast Valve: The overpressure valve is designed to regulate the overpressure in the crew compartment. Various models are available ranging from simple valves to valves that have the option to select pressure levels by hand or valves with complete automation driven by an electric motor. All valves are available in both single and duel pressure systems. The duel pressure systems allow for lower pressures in peacetime ventilation mode, and because of not having to open a hatch for pressure release, maintaining a more controlled and dust free compartment. The valve status is reported back to the remote control unit or alternatively to the systems CAN-bus. Weight ranges from 1-3 kg. Digital Remote Control Unit: The digital remote control unit, offering an alternative to the CAN-bus controller, enables the operation of the system from within the protected area, amongst other features, by informing the user of the differential pressure in the compartment. All pertinent information about the status and function of the system is conveyed through audible and visual indicators. Weight is 3.2 kg (35-212) (47-376) Pa Nominal Voltage:: 28 V DC Operating Voltage Range: V DC Cyclone Separation Efficiency with Test Dust Arizona Coarse : 98 % Pre-filter Separation Efficiency (EN 779): 95 % Noise (Installed) dba m 3 /h (cfm) m 3 /h (cfm) VG Two Pressure Level Overpressure Blast Valve One Pressure Level Overpressure Blast Valve Digital Remote Control Unit * Specifications subject to change without prior notice.

Collective NBC Filter Cartridge Type HF60 VM Certified Quality Assurance Program According to AQAP-2110 Overview: The collective CBRN Filter HF60 VM is designed to filter out chemical, biological,

Depending on the airflow rate requirements, the number of filters can be scaled from 1-6, creating airflow rates of 60-360 m3/h.

With Beth-El s patented filter technologies, the main features of of the HF60 VM are as follows: compact and light weight extremely low pressure drop high active surface area high absorption and

225 (Panel VII) D/251, Mil-PRF 32137, TL-4240-0060, TL-4240-00454, BS-3928 Weight: 9 kg Fine Dust Filter Cartridge for Peace Time Application Type FF 60 VM NATO-Supplier- No.

It is designed for insertion into the VM/ VC systems during peace-time/training operations while no threat of NBC contamination is present.

7 Collective NBC Filter Cartridge Type HF60 VM Certified Quality Assurance Program According to AQAP-2110 Overview: The collective CBRN Filter HF60 VM is designed to filter out chemical, biological, and nuclear contaminants. Designed for insertion into the VM ventilation and filtration system series, each filter is thoroughly tested during production and assembly to ensure maximum performance. Depending on the airflow rate requirements, the number of filters can be scaled from 1-6, creating airflow rates of m3/h. Their insensitivity to moisture minimizes the aging process, thereby adding tremendous benefit and making these filters the ideal solution for continuous operation for prolonged periods of time. With Beth-El s patented filter technologies, the main features of of the HF60 VM are as follows: compact and light weight extremely low pressure drop high active surface area high absorption and higher protection with a lower volume compared to standard filters Technical Specifications of the NBC-Filter (NATO-Stock-Number: ) Absorption capacity in accordance with: AEP-54, AC 225 (Panel VII) D/251, Mil-PRF 32137, TL , TL , BS-3928 Weight: 9 kg Fine Dust Filter Cartridge for Peace Time Application Type FF 60 VM NATO-Supplier- No. SH785 Overview: This fine dust filter FF60 VM is designed to filter out dust particles and is formed in the same shape and dimensions as the CBRN filter HF60 VM. It is designed for insertion into the VM/ VC systems during peace-time/training operations while no threat of NBC contamination is present. It provides a clean and fresh air supply to the occupants, protecting them and sensitive equipment from the ill effects of sand and dust. Main features of the FF 60 VM: compact and light weight extremely low pressure drop high active surface area high filter efficiency Technical Specifications of the Fine Dust Filter (NATO-Stock-Number: ) Air-flow Rate: m 3 /h (cfm) Separation Efficiency with Particle Size of 0.4 Micron (Class F7 according to DIN EN 779): % Weight: 2 kg Carbon Monoxide Filter Type CF 60 VM Overview: The carbon monoxide filter is designed to filter contaminated air from weapons fire. Each filter is thoroughly tested during production and assembly to ensure maximum performance and they have an almost unlimited storage time. The filters are ideally suited for weapons carrying vehicles to reduce the carbon monoxide particles within the cabin to be in accord with the permitted levels of W.H.O/E.C. guidelines. Main features of the CF 60 VM: high efficiency high active surface area compact excellent storage time Beth-El Zikhron Yaaqov Industries Ltd. 1 Avshalom Road Zikhron Yaaqov 30951, Israel Tel.: Fax: Technical Specifications of Carbon Monoxide Filter (NATO-Stock-Number: ) Air-flow Rate: m 3 /h (cfm) Typical Efficiency: ~99 % Weight: 12 kg

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