Development of The Jiaolong Deep Manned Submersible

Transcription

1 Development of The Jiaolong Deep Manned Submersible Cui Weicheng September 4, 2013 OI2013 Shanghai, China 1

2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Some important technical aspects 3. Latest specifications of Jiaolong 4. Manned deep submergence spirit and its inspiration to China's science and technology innovation 2

3 1. Introduction In the seventies and eighties of the last century, the U.S. manned submersible, DSV ALVIN, made a number of important discoveries in marine scientific research. This promoted an upsurge in the international community to develop deep manned submersibles. 3

4 1. Introduction The first 6000m submersible was the US Navy s Sea Cliff. France, the former Soviet Union and Japan then developed another four 6000m deep manned submersibles, namely, Nautile, MIR I & II, SHINKAI6500 respectively. In the 1990s, Russia started to develop two more 6000m submersibles "RUS" and "Consul" which were to be fully built in country. 4

5 1. Introduction 5

6 1. Introduction The first proposal to develop a 6000m deep manned submersible in China was submitted by the China Ship Scientific Research Center (CSSRC) to the then State Commission of Science and Technology (now the Ministry of Science and Technology) in 1992, but the project was finally granted until June

7 1. Introduction The main purpose of the project is to develop a usable submersible which is of comparative performances with existing submersibles, so the technical innovations and the application of the latest unmatured technologies were not the emphases. 7

8 1. Introduction The main emphasis of the design are: (1) The ability to reach a depth of 7000m; (2) Good manuverability; (3) The capability of real-time communication and microtopography detection; (4) The capability to sample in a hovering state at a designated position; (5) Safety and reliability. 8

9 1. Introduction Prel. Design Tech. Design Detail Desn Manu. E. Assembly Tank Land Test Sea Trail , (Classification and Project finish). 9

10 1. Introduction The MTS paper (May/June 2013, Vol.47, No.3, pp.37-54) together with the references provided has described in detail the development process of the Jiaolong deep manned submersible. But this presentation will only report some specific points which might be of the most interest to the audience due to the time limit of 20 minutes. 10

11 2. Some important technical aspects (1) A New Design Standard for the deep manned pressure hull 11

12 Actual design of existing pressure hull submersible New CONSUL Nautile Shinhai Alvin Jiaolong Alvin (RUS) 6500 depth(m) operating pressure from GL2009 (MPa) material titanium titanium titanium titanium titanium titanium internal diameter (m) design thickness(mm) 71~ ~ ~78 Safety factor Minimum proof thickness calculated by design rules (mm) DNV BV LR CCS RS GL ABS

13 Check of actual designs of existing pressure hulls to the existing design rules Submersible CONSUL (RUS) Nautile Shinhai 6500 Alvin New Alvin Jiaolong DNV1988 X X X X X X BV1989 X X X X X X LR1989 X X X X X X RS2004 X X X CCS1996 X X X X ABS2009 X X X X X X GL2009 X X X X X X 13

14 The new design standard includes ultimate strength evaluation and the control of stress levels. The ultimate strength can be calculated with nonlinear FE analysis or the following equivalent formula: 14

15 15 ) )( (1 m u u u R t R t R k P ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( R t h R g R t f R e R t d R c be a k Where a = ; b = 606.6; c = 264.6; d = 72.72; e = ; f = 882.5; g = ; h = 3969.

16 When present formulae are used in the design stage, the amplitude of the structural imperfections ( ) should be provided by the manufacturer or determined by the designer, and /R should be limited to less than In conjunction with this formula, the safety factor is suggested to be

17 Check of actual designs of existing pressure hulls Submersible New Alvin RUS and CONSUL Nautile Shinhai 6500 Alvin Jiaolong DNV1988 X X X X X X BV1989 X X X X X X LR1989 X X X X X X RS2004 X X X CCS1996 X X X X ABS2009 X X X X X X GL2009 X X X X X X New formulae 17

18 Besides the above ultimate strength formulae, additional stress limitations which control the local stress concentrations should be involved to makeup complete design rules. After a survey of current design rules for manned submersible and pressure vessel, stress limitations are set to be: 18

19 a. The average shell membrane stress at maximum operating pressure shall be limited to two-thirds of the minimum specified yield strength of the material. (this limitation is the same as the specification of nearly all current design rules) PR m 2t 19

20 b. The highest combined value of average shell membrane stress and bending stress (excluding effects of local stress concentrations) at maximum operating pressure shall be limited to 3/4 of the minimum specified yield strength of the material. (NAVSEA 1998) 20

21 c. The maximum compressive peak stress at any point in the hull, including effects of local stress concentrations, shall be limited to 4/3 of the minimum specified yield strength of the material. The maximum tensile peak stress at any point in the hull, including effects of local stress concentrations, shall be limited to the minimum specified yield strength of the material. 21

22 d. Currently there is no condition to set a reliable standard for fatigue strength assessment. It is recommended that designers and users of the submersible should pay attention to this issue and carry out the fatigue analysis at all stress concentration areas using the commonly accepted approaches. 22

23 (2) Manufacture of the pressure hull The ideal manufacturing method for the manned cabin 23

24 (2) Manufacture of the pressure hull The melon petals welding into a semisphere method 24

25 (3) The acoustic system of Jiaolong 25

26 imaging sonar Transponder of an underwater acoustic communication Development of the Jiaolong Deep Manned Submersible Pinger of long baseline positioning sonar Pinger of ultrashort baseline positioning sonar anti-collision sonar (7) acoustic Doppler speedometer high-resolution side-scan sonar 26

27 (4) Self-rescue facilities of Jiaolong A ballast jettisoning mechanism A main battery box jettisoning mechanism A mercury jettisoning mechanism A mechanism used to jettison the hydraulic manipulator arms 27

28 (4) Self-rescue facilities of Jiaolong A ballast tank system A rescue buoy A mechanism used to jettison the sampling basket electricalexplosion bolt 28

29 (5) Assembly difficulties Development of the Jiaolong Deep Manned Submersible Buoyancy block External shell Stablizer Fin Hydralic equipment Junction box and cables Propellor 29

30 (6) Open water tank test Development of the Jiaolong Deep Manned Submersible Underwater debugging and checking the operation and integration performances of each sub-system and their required functions. 30

31 (7) Sea trials Development of the Jiaolong Deep Manned Submersible The sea trials were the final phase of the Jiaolong s development but also represented the greatest risk. Due to the lack of experience, it was carried out from shallow to deep step by step. 50m, 300m, 1000m, 3000m, 5000m and 7000m depths have been tested from 2009 to

32 (7) Sea trials Phase Period , , , , 2012 Sea Areas South China Sea: 50m( E, N), 300m( E, N), 1000m ( E, N) South China Sea: 3000m( E, N) The North-eastern Pacific: 5000m ( W, N) The Southern Mariana Trench: 7000m ( E, N) 32

33 (7) Sea trials Development of the Jiaolong Deep Manned Submersible 33

34 (7) Sea trials Development of the Jiaolong Deep Manned Submersible 34

35 (7) Sea trials Development of the Jiaolong Deep Manned Submersible Six dives in total were completed in the Southern Mariana Trench and every dive fulfilled its planned tasks. The maximum diving depth achieved was 7062 meters. It was confirmed that the performance of the submersible was stable at this design depth. All the functions of the submersible have been tested at least twice and the faults found in the tests have been remedied. 35

36 36

37 3 Latest technical specifications of the Jiaolong 37

38 3 Latest technical specifications of the Jiaolong Maximum operational depth: 7000m Principal dimensions: m Inner diameter of manned cabin: 2.1m Weight in air: 22tons Crew: 1pilot,2scientists Power supply:silver-zinc battery, >110kWh 38

39 3 Latest technical specifications of the Jiaolong Control mode:automatic fixed height, fixed direction, fixed depth,fixed speed, hovering and manual operations Navigation system:ultra-short baseline system, long baseline system, motion sensors + acoustic Doppler speedometer Operation:Two seven-function hydraulic manipulator arms 39

40 3 Latest technical specifications of the Jiaolong Lighting and video system:hd video camera system, LED lights Communication:Underwater acoustic communication, underwater acoustic telephone, VHF communication + GPS positioning 40

41 4. Manned deep submergence spirit and its inspiration to China's science and technology innovation In the process of the jiaolong development, the manned deep submergence spirit was formed by the team especially in the sea trial period: Rigorous and truth-seeking ( 严谨求实 ), unity and cooperation ( 团结协作 ), hard work and dedication ( 拼搏奉献 ), scaled new heights ( 勇攀高峰 ) 41

42 4. Manned deep submergence spirit and its inspiration to China's science and technology innovation (1) The great-leap-forward development on technology from the practical point of view can be achieved ( 技术上的跨越式发展从实践上来说是可以实现的 ); (2) The realization path is the learning attitude and rigorous and scientific style ( 实现的途径是虚心学习的态度和严谨求实的作风 ) 42

43 4. Manned deep submergence spirit and its inspiration to China's science and technology innovation (3) The support from the leadership is crucial. This indicates that the reform of scientific research management system has great potential. ( 领导的支持至关重要, 因此, 改革科研管理体制大有潜力 ) 43

44 4. Manned deep submergence spirit and its inspiration to China's science and technology innovation (4) Under a good scientific research management system, Chinese researchers can stand to the international forefront. China is not short of talents, the key is how to educate and use. ( 在良好的科研管理体制下, 中国的科研人员能够站到国际前沿 中国不缺人才, 关键是如何培养和使用 ) 44

45 Thank you for your attention! 45