MS.RAJA ELGADY/WAVES PAPER3

Transcription

1 1- (a) Fig. 7.1 shows the surface of water in a tank. barrier For Examiner s Use Fig. 7.1 Straight wavefronts are produced at the left-hand end of the tank and travel towards a gap in a barrier. Curved wavefronts travel away from the gap. (i) Name the process that causes the wavefronts to spread out at the gap.... [1] (ii) Suggest a cause of the reduced spacing of the wavefronts to the right of the barrier.... [1] (iii) State how the pattern of wavefronts to the right of the barrier changes when the gap is made narrower.... [1]

2 Fig. 7.2 shows a wave travelling, in the direction of the arrow, along a rope. For Examiner s Use 2.4 m Fig. 7.2 (i) Explain why the wave shown in Fig. 7.2 is described as a transverse wave [1] (ii) The speed of the wave along the rope is 3.2m/s. Calculate the frequency of the wave. frequency =... [3] [Total: 7]

3 2- (a) The speed of light in air is known to be m/s. Outline how you would use a refraction experiment to deduce the speed of light in glass. You may draw a diagram if it helps to clarify your answer [4] A tsunami is a giant water wave. It may be caused by an earthquake below the ocean. Waves from a certain tsunami have a wavelength of m and a speed of 240m/s. (i) Calculate the frequency of the tsunami waves. frequency =...[2]

4 (ii) The shock wave from the earthquake travels at m/s. The centre of the earthquake is m from the coast of a country. Calculate how much warning of the arrival of the tsunami at the coast is given by the earth tremor felt at the coast. warning time =...[4] [Total: 10]

5 3- Fig. 6.1 shows part of the path of a ray of light PQ travelling in an optical fibre. Q glass P R Fig. 6.1 PQ undergoes total internal reflection at Q. (a) Explain what is meant by total internal reflection, and state the conditions under which it occurs [3] Carefully complete the path of the ray of light, until it reaches the end R of the optical fibre. [2] [Total: 5] 4- (a) A wave passes along the surface of the water in a ripple tank. Describe the motion of a molecule on the surface as the wave passes [1]

6 Fig. 7.1 shows a view from above of water waves approaching a narrow gap in a barrier. The water on both sides of the barrier has the same depth. For Examiner s Use barrier with narrow gap direction of water waves P Fig. 7.1 (i) On Fig. 7.1, sketch the pattern of waves in the region to the right of the barrier. [2] (ii) State the process by which waves arrive at point P to the right of the barrier [1] (c) The waves approaching the barrier in Fig. 7.1 have a wavelength of 1.4 cm and travel at a speed of 12cm/s. Calculate the frequency of the waves. frequency =... [2] [Total: 6]

7 5- Fig. 7.1 shows a scale drawing of plane waves approaching a gap in a barrier. direction of travel of plane waves barrier Fig. 7.1 (a) On Fig. 7.1, draw in the pattern of the waves after they have passed the gap. [3] The waves approaching the barrier have a wavelength of 2.5 cm and a speed of 20 cm/s. Calculate the frequency of the waves. frequency =... [2] (c) State the frequency of the diffracted waves [1] [Total: 6]

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9 6 A water wave in a tank travels from a region where the speed of the wave is faster into a region where it is slower. Fig. 6.1 is a one-quarter scale diagram that shows the wavefronts in the region where the speed is faster. faster region wavefronts tank slower region Fig. 6.1 (scale: 1.0 cm represents 4.0 cm) (a) (i) Take measurements from the scale diagram in Fig. 6.1 to determine the wavelength of the water wave as it travels in the faster region. wavelength =... [2] (ii) The speed of the wave in the faster region is 0.39m/s. Calculate the frequency of the wave. frequency =... [2] On Fig. 6.1, draw lines that indicate the positions of the wavefronts of the water wave in the slower region. [2]

10 (c) State what happens to the frequency of the water wave as it passes into the slower region [1] [Total: 7]

11 7- (a) Two types of seismic waves are produced by earthquakes. They are called P-waves and S-waves. P-waves are longitudinal and S-waves are transverse. (i) Explain what is meant by the terms longitudinal and transverse. longitudinal transverse [2] (ii) State another example of 1. a longitudinal wave, a transverse wave.... [2] (iii) A seismic wave has a speed of 7.2km/ s and a frequency of 30 Hz. Calculate its wavelength. wavelength =...[2]

12 Fig. 5.1 shows an electric bell ringing in a sealed glass chamber containing air. to vacuum pump bell Fig. 5.1 A student hears the bell ringing. The air is then removed from the chamber. State and explain any change in the sound heard by the student [2] [Total: 8]

13 8- Fig. 7.1 is a drawing of a student s attempt to show the diffraction pattern of water waves that have passed through a narrow gap in a barrier. For Examiner s Use barrier with narrow gap direction of water waves Fig. 7.1 (a) State two things that are wrong with the wave pattern shown to the right of the barrier [2] In the space below, sketch the wave pattern when the gap in the barrier is made five times wider. [2] (c) The waves approaching the barrier have a wavelength of 1.2 cm and a frequency of 8.0 Hz. Calculate the speed of the water waves. speed =...[2]

14 9- Fig. 7.1 shows the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. v i s i b l e γ- rays and X - rays ultraviolet infrared radio waves Fig. 7.1 (a) Name one type of radiation that has (i) a higher frequency than ultra-violet,... [1] (ii) a longer wavelength than visible light..... [1] Some γ-rays emitted from a radioactive source have a speed in air of 3.0 x 10 8 m/s and a wavelength of 1.0 x m. Calculate the frequency of the γ-rays. frequency =. [2] (c) State the approximate speed of infra-red waves in air [1]

15 10- (a) Six different nuclides have nucleon and proton numbers as follows: nuclide nucleon number proton number A B C D E F State which two nuclides are isotopes of the same element.... and... [1] Thorium-232 has a half-life of years. At a particular instant, the activity of a sample of thorium-232 is 120 Bq. (i) Calculate the time taken for the activity of this sample to fall to 15 Bq. time taken...[1] (ii) Explain why, when the activity has become 15 Bq, much of the sample will no longer be thorium [1] (iii) The sample of thorium-232 is used in an experiment in a laboratory. Explain why its activity may be regarded as constant [1] [Total: 4]

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