PRE-TEST OVER WAVES (S8P4)
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1 UNIT 3: WAVES S8P4
2 PRE-TEST OVER WAVES (S8P4)
3 Wave Medium Mechanical waves - Vibration Transverse wave Crest Trough Longitudinal waves Compressions VOCABULARY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE The ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM RADIO WAVES MICROWAVES VISIBLE LIGHT INFRARED RAYS ULTRAVIOLET RAYS X-RAYS GAMMA RAYS Rarefactions
4 VOCABULARY Wave - A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place. Medium - The material through which a wave travels Mechanical waves - waves that need a medium to travel through. Vibration - a repeated back-and-forth or up-and-down motion Transverse wave - the matter in the wave moves up and down (across) at a right angle to the direction of the wave Compressions - parts where the coils are close together Rarefactions - parts where the coils are spread out ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE - a transverse wave that transfers electrical and magnetic energy. The ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM - the complete range of electromagnetic waves placed in order of increasing frequency. RADIO WAVES - have the longest wavelengths and lowest frequency MICROWAVES Radio waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies INFRARED RAYS - electromagnetic waves with wavelengths shorter than those of radio waves. ULTRAVIOLET RAYS - electromagnetic waves with wavelengths that are just shorter than those of visible light X-RAYS - electromagnetic waves whose wavelengths are just shorter than those of ultraviolet rays. GAMMA RAYS - electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies
5 THE BIG IDEA S8P4. Students will explore the wave nature of sound and electromagnetic radiation. Explore - travel in or through (an unfamiliar country or area) in order to learn about or familiarize oneself with it. S8P2 CURTIS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
6 S8P4A: IDENTIFY THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MECHANICAL WAVES. Identify - establish or indicate who or what (someone or something) is.
7 WHAT TYPES OF WAVES DO YOU SEE?
8 A disturbance that transfers energy from place WHAT IS A WAVE? to place. Energy is the ability to do work You are sitting on a raft in the middle of the ocean. A big boat goes by creating a wave in the water. What work will that wave do to your raft?
9 WHAT CARRIES WAVES? Most waves need something to travel through. The material through which a wave travels is called a medium. What is an ocean wave s medium? What is the medium for the sound waves that come from a musical instrument?
10 SO WAVES CAN TRAVEL THROUGH LIQUIDS AND GASES What about solids? Can you think of any examples?
11 MECHANICAL WAVES Mechanical waves are waves that need a medium to travel through. Mediums can be solid, liquid, or gas. Can you remember what kind of wave carries energy through empty space? HINT: Radiation ELECTROMAGNETIC
12 HOW DO WAVES TRANSFER ENERGY? Although mechanical waves travel through a medium, they do not carry the medium with them.
13 HOW DO WE KNOW WAVES CARRY ENERGY AND NOT MATTER? Think about an earthquake. When seismic waves travel through an area, the ground shakes from side to side and up and down, but the ground itself does not travel over a distance. Only the ENERGY moves!
14 ANOTHER EXAMPLE Waves travel through the water but they do not carry the water or the bottle with them.
15 WHY DOESN T THE MEDIUM TRAVEL ALONG WITH THE WAVE? All mediums are made up of tiny particles. When a wave enters a medium, it transfers energy to the medium s particles. Then the particles bump into each other, passing the wave s energy along.
16 IT S LIKE PASSING FOOD AT THE DINNER TABLE!
17 WHAT CAUSES WAVES? You MUST have energy. Mechanical waves are produced when a source of energy causes a medium to vibrate. A vibration is a repeated back-and-forth or upand-down motion. When a vibration moves through a medium, a wave results.
18 EXAMPLES
19 TYPES OF WAVES Mechanical waves are classified by The way they move the medium through which they travel There are two types of waves Transverse waves Longitudinal waves
20 TRANSVERSE WAVES Transverse means across In a transverse wave the matter in the wave moves up and down (across) at a right angle to the direction of the wave Direction of Wave Direction of Medium
21 TRANSVERSE WAVES CREATE POINTS CALLED CRESTS AND TROUGHS, OR HIGH AND LOW POINTS IN THE WAVES MOVEMENT.
22 LONGITUDINAL WAVES Longitudinal waves move the medium parallel to the direction in which the wave travels. Direction of Wave Direction of Medium
23 EXAMPLE: A SLINKY!
24 LONGITUDINAL WAVES CREATE POINTS CALLED COMPRESSIONS AND RAREFACTIONS. Compressions: parts where the coils are close together Rarefactions: parts where the coils are spread out
25 SOUND WAVES ARE LONGITUDINAL
26 EXAMPLES: Guitar String A drum head after being hit
27 THE BIG IDEA S8P4. Students will explore the wave nature of sound and electromagnetic radiation. Explore - travel in or through (an unfamiliar country or area) in order to learn about or familiarize oneself with it. S8P2 CURTIS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
28 S8P4A: IDENTIFY THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES. Identify - establish or indicate who or what (someone or something) is.
29 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES & THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
30 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES Transverse waves without a medium! (They can travel through empty space)
31 They travel as vibrations in electrical and magnetic fields. Have some magnetic and some electrical properties to them.
32 When an electric field changes, so does the magnetic field. The changing magnetic field causes the electric field to change. When one field vibrates so does the other. RESULT-An electromagnetic wave.
33 Electromagnetic waves travel VERY FAST around 300,000 kilometres per second (the speed of light). At this speed they can go around the world 8 times in one second.
34 Waves or Particles? Electromagnetic radiation has properties of waves but also can be thought of as a stream of particles. Example: Light Light as a wave: Light behaves as a transverse wave which we can filter using polarized lenses. Light as particles (photons): When directed at a substance light can knock electrons off of a substance (Photoelectric effect)
35 Electromagnetic Spectrum name for the range of electromagnetic waves when placed in order of increasing frequency RADIO WAVES INFRARED RAYS MICROWAVES ULTRAVIOLET RAYS VISIBLE LIGHT X-RAYS GAMMA RAYS
36 Notice the wavelength is long (Radio waves) and gets shorter (Gamma Rays)
37
38 S8P4 - STUDENTS WILL EXPLORE THE WAVE NATURE OF SOUND AND ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION. In your notebook: S8P4a: Identify the characteristics of mechanical and electromagnetic waves. Identify - establish or indicate who or what (someone or something) is.
39 SUMMARY DISCUSSION - S8P4A Can you answer the EQ now? (P4a) S8P4a: Identify the characteristics of mechanical and electromagnetic waves.
40 TRANSVERSE VS. LONGITUDINAL WAVES Transverse Waves Longitudinal Waves
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