Appendix A Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Glossary of Common Transportation Terminology

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1 A Appendix A Acrnyms, Abbreviatins, and Glssary f Cmmn Transprtatin Terminlgy Access Management: The cntrlling r managing f access alng arterial radways fr the purpse f imprving average travel speeds and increasing the capacity f the rad, thereby imprving mbility. Access management strategies include the fllwing: Physical restrictins f left turns (raised medians) Restricting curb cuts and direct access driveways Eliminatin f parking n the arterial Lcating intersectins at n less than minimum intervals Cnstructin f frntage rads t cllect lcal business traffic and funnel it t nearby intersectins. Activity Center: A physical area characterized by cncentrated activity. The area may include ne type f activity, such as a large retail center, r many varied activities, such as a mixed-use develpment. American Assciatin f State and Highway Transprtatin Officials (AASHTO): A nnprfit, nnpartisan assciatin representing highway and transprtatin departments in the 50 states, the District f Clumbia, and Puert Ric. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): Federal legislatin requiring the prvisin f facilities t individuals with disabilities that will assure accessibility t all transprtatin facilities bth public and private. Arterial: Signalized streets that serve primarily thrugh-traffic and prvide access t abutting prperties as a secndary functin. At-Grade Intersectin: An intersectin f tw r mre rads and/r highways where traffic mvement is cntrlled by traffic signs r signals. Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT): The ttal vlume f vehicle traffic f a highway r rad fr a year divided by 365 days. Average Daily Traffic (ADT): The ttal vlume (bth directins) that traveled ver a highway segment during a ne year perid divided by the number f days in the year. B Benefit/Cst (B/C): A frmula fr priritizing highway imprvement prjects. A prjects B/C is calculated by cmpiling all measurable benefits and dividing by all measurable csts ver a specific time perid, typically 20 years. Bike Lane: A prtin f a radway that has been designed by striping, signing, and pavement markings fr the preferential r exclusive use f bicycles. Bike Path: A bikeway physically separated frm mtrized traffic by an pen space r barrier, either within the highway right-f-way r within an independent right-f-way. Bikeway: Any rad, path, r way, which in sme manner is specifically designated as being pen t bicycle travel, regardless f whether such facilities are designated fr the exclusive use f bicyclists r are t be shared with ther vehicles. Burlingtn Nrthern/Santa Fe (BNSF): One f seven Nrth American Class I transcntinental freight railrads and the secnd largest freight railrad netwrk in Nrth America. C Capacity: The maximum rate f flw at which persns r vehicles can be reasnably expected t traverse a pint r unifrm segment f a lane r radway during a specific time perid under prevailing radway, traffic, and cntrl cnditins, usually expressed as vehicles per hur r persns per hur. Capital Csts: The csts f lng-term assets f a public transit system such as prperty, buildings, and vehicles. Suthwest Washingtn RTPO 384 Lngview Kels Rainier MPO 2045 Reginal Transprtatin Plan

2 Census Blck (CB): A subdivisin f a census tract, a blck is the smallest gegraphic unit fr which the Census Bureau tabulates 100-percent data. Many blcks crrespnd t individual city blcks bunded by streets, but blcks especially in rural areas may include many square miles and may have sme bundaries that are nt streets. Census Tract (CT): Small, relatively permanent statistical subdivisins f a cunty. Census tracts are delineated fr mst metrplitan areas and ther densely ppulated cunties by lcal census statistical areas cmmittees fllwing Census Bureau guidelines. Central Business District (CBD): A cmmercial heart f a city, such as a city center r dwntwn area. Cllectr Street: Surface streets prviding land access and traffic circulatin service within residential, cmmercial, and industrial areas. Cmprehensive Plan: A generalized crdinated land use plicy statement f the gverning bdy f a cuntry r city that is adpted pursuant t the Grwth Management Prgram. Cncurrency: A term used in the Grwth Management Act that describes the requirement that supprting infrastructure must be in place r cncurrent with the develpment t accmmdate transprtatin impacts, r a financial cmmitment is in place t prvide the imprvements r strategies within six years. Cnslidated Metrplitan Statistical Area (CMSA): An area cnsisting f tw r mre verlapping r interlcking urban cmmunities (knwn as primary metrplitan statistical areas) with a ttal ppulatin f at least ne millin. Cuncil f Gvernments (COG): Reginal bdies that serve an area f several cunties t address issues such as reginal and municipal planning, ecnmic and cmmunity develpment, cartgraphy and GIS, hazard mitigatin and emergency planning, aging services, water use, pllutin cntrl, transit administratin, and transprtatin planning. Cunty Rad Administratin Bard (CRAB): A bard cnsisting f cunty cmmissiners r ther elected fficials frm cunties thrughut Washingtn State that meets quarterly t d research, prvide reprts, and present testimny n transprtatin-related issues. Cycle Length: The ttal time fr a traffic signal t cmplete a sequence f signal indicatins. E Ecnmic Develpment Cuncil (EDC): An rganizatin dedicated t helping t create high quality jbs and develping vibrant cmmunities. Envirnmental Justice (EJ): The fair treatment and meaningful invlvement f all peple regardless f race, clr, sex, natinal rigin, r incme with respect t the develpment, implementatin, and enfrcement f envirnmental laws, regulatins, and plicies. Envirnmental Prtectin Agency: A federal agency respnsible fr envirnment cncerns. F Federal Fiscal Year (FFY): A perid used fr calculating annual ( yearly ) financial statements in business and ther rganizatins. Federal Highway Administratin (FHWA): Arm f the United States Department f Transprtatin that is respnsible fr administering all federalaid highway funds and prgrams. Federal Transit Administratin: Arm f the U.S. Department f Transprtatin that regulates and helps fund all public transprtatin within lcal cmmunities. G Gegraphic Infrmatin System (GIS): A cmputerized gegraphic data strage analysis and display system. GIS allws the assignment f multiple layers f data sets t the map f a given area. Grade Separatin: The raising r lwering f a rad r highway grade t bridge ver/under anther rad r rail line. Suthwest Washingtn RTPO 385 Lngview Kels Rainier MPO 2045 Reginal Transprtatin Plan

3 Grwth Management Act: Requires state and lcal gvernments t manage Washingtn s grwth by identifying and prtecting critical areas and natural resurce lands, designating urban grwth areas, preparing cmprehensive plans and implementing them thrugh capital investments and develpment regulatins. H Highway Trust Fund (HTF): A transprtatin fund established t ensure financing fr maintenance f the United States Interstate Highway System and certain ther rads. Mney in the fund is raised via a federal fuel tax. I Infrastructure: The essential elements f a structure, system, plan f peratins, etc. Intelligent Transprtatin System (ITS): Generally refers t the applicatin f advanced electrnics and cmputer technlgy t autmate highway and vehicle systems t enable mre efficient and safer use f existing highways and streets. Interlcal Agreement (ILA): An agreement amng the jurisdictins within a Reginal Transprtatin Planning Organizatin (RTPO) that establishes the rganizatin and defines duties and relatinships fr member cunties. The agreement gverns RTPO peratins and is submitted as part f the RTPO s designatin package. Intermdal: Refers t transfer facilities where freight r passengers change mdes f transprt. Fr example, an airprt is an intermdal facility where freight and passengers make intermdal transfers between mtrized vehicles and airplanes. Intermdal Surface Transprtatin Efficiency Act (ISTEA): A United States federal law that psed a majr change t transprtatin planning and plicy, as the first U.S. federal legislatin n the subject in the pst-interstate Highway System era. J Just-In-Time Delivery Systems (JIT): A prductin strategy that strives t imprve a business return n investment by reducing in-prcess inventry and assciated carrying csts. The strategy invlves rdering r receiving parts r prducts nly when the current supply is near depletin. L Land Use Assumptins: The existing and prpsed land uses, i.e. retail, varius residential densities, ffice, manufacturing, etc. Used in develping travel frecasts. Husing units and emplyment numbers in the travel frecasting prcess represents these lands uses. Level f Service (LOS): A gauge fr evaluating the quality f service n the transprtatin system. Described by travel times, freedm t maneuver, traffic interruptins, cmfrt, cnvenience, and safety. Lcal Imprvement District (LID): A special assessment district in which imprvements will benefit primarily the prperty wners in the district and helps pay fr imprvements such as streetlights, street and alley paving, and water and sewage systems. Lng Range Plan (LRP): A transprtatin plan with at least a 20-year hrizn that identifies what transprtatin ptins best serve a cmmunity s needs and expectatins, as well as apprved transprtatin and highway prjects and funding frecasts. M Manual f Unifrm Traffic Cntrl Devices (MUTCD): A manual that defines the standards used by rad managers natinwide t install and maintain traffic cntrl devices n all public streets, highways, bikeways, and private rads pen t public traffic. Metrplitan Planning Area (MPA): An area determined by an agreement between the gvernr and the Metrplitan Planning Organizatin as defined in 23 USC 134. Suthwest Washingtn RTPO 386 Lngview Kels Rainier MPO 2045 Reginal Transprtatin Plan

4 Mile Pst (MP): One f a series f numbered markers placed alng a rad r bundary at intervals f ne mile r, ccasinally, parts f a mile. They are typically lcated at the side f the rad r in a median. Metrplitan Planning Organizatin (MPO): A planning rganizatin that is required by federal regulatin in all urban areas with a ppulatin f ver 50,000. The MPO crdinates transprtatin and land use planning within its designated regin. Metrplitan Statistical Area (MSA): A gegraphical regin with a relatively high ppulatin density at its cre and clse ecnmic ties thrughut the area. Multimdal: Refers t a plan r prgram that accunts fr the needs and/r trends f multiple mdes. O Office f Financial Management (OFM): Prvides vital infrmatin, fiscal services, and plicy supprt that the Gvernr, legislature, and state agencies need t serve the peple f Washingtn State. Oregn Department f Transprtatin (ODOT): Gvernment agency that cnstructs, maintains, and regulates the use f Oregn s transprtatin infrastructure. P Public Participatin Plan (PPP): A plicy that guides public invlvement in transprtatin planning prcesses. These plicies set standards fr public input in the planning prcess. R Reginal Transprtatin Planning Organizatin (RTPO): A vluntary assciatin f lcal gvernments within a regin. They are authrized under the Grwth Management Act t facilitate the develpment f a reginal transprtatin plan. The RTPO crdinates transprtatin planning effrts f all gvernment units within the regin. Revised Cde f Washingtn (RCW): A cmpilatin f all permanent Washingtn State laws nw in frce. S Safe, Accuntable, Flexible, Efficient Transprtatin Equity Act A Legacy fr Users (SAFETEA-LU): A funding and authrizatin bill that gverns U.S. federal surface transprtatin spending. Six-Year Plan: An implementatin plan fr the first six years f the Washingtn Transprtatin Plan. State Envirnmental Prtectin Act (SEPA): Act that requires cnsideratin f alternatives and mitigatin f envirnmental impacts fr majr prjects and prgrams bth public and private. State Rute (SR): A rad maintained by the state. Statewide Transprtatin Imprvement Prgram (STIP): A 4-year state transprtatin planning dcument required by the Federal Highway Administratin. Surface Transprtatin Blck Grant Prgram (STBGP): A prgram that prvides flexible funding that may be used by States and lcalities fr prjects n any Federal-aid highway, including bridge prjects n any public rad, transit capital prjects, and intra-city and intercity bus terminals and facilities. T Transprtatin Advisry Cmmittee (TAC): An advisry cmmittee respnsible fr advising plicy bard members n recmmendatins regarding plans, prgrams, and activities. Frmed t prmte transparency and prvide an pprtunity fr the public t be invlved in prgrams, plans, and ther activities. Transprtatin Analysis Znes (TAZ): Any area designated fr a study f husehld travel characteristics in rder t create a database f accurate infrmatin abut the number f trips, trip length, and trip purpse by mde and time-f-day fr the area f husehlds in questin. Suthwest Washingtn RTPO 387 Lngview Kels Rainier MPO 2045 Reginal Transprtatin Plan

5 Transprtatin Equity Act fr the 21 st Century (TEA-21): Authrized the Federal surface transprtatin prgrams fr highways, highway safety, and transit fr the 6-year perid, Because Cngress culd nt agree n funding levels, the Act which had cntinued past 2003 by means f temprary extensins was allwed t lapse. Transprtatin Imprvement Bard (TIB): An independent state agency that distributes and manages street cnstructin and maintenance grants t cities and urban cunties thrughut Washingtn State. Transprtatin Imprvement Prgram (TIP): A multi-year funding prgram dcument that lists federally and nn-federally funded transprtatin imprvements. Transprtatin Investment Generating Ecnmic Recvery (TIGER): A supplementary discretinary grant prgram included in the American Recvery and Reinvestment Act f Replaced by BUILD (Better Utilizing Investments t Leverage Develpment). V Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT): The ttal number f miles driven by all vehicles within a given time perid and gegraphic area. Vlume t Capacity Rati (V/C): The rati f traffic vlume t capacity fr a traffic facility. W Washingtn State Department f Transprtatin (WSDOT): Gvernment agency that cnstructs, maintains, and regulates the use f Washingtn State s transprtatin infrastructure. Washingtn State Transprtatin Cmmissin (WSTC): The bard f directrs f the Washingtn State Department f Transprtatin that prvides versight t ensure the Department delivers quality transprtatin facilities and services in a cst-effective manner. U Unified Planning Wrk Prgram (UPWP): A federally-mandated dcument serving as the annual wrk plan fr lcal and reginal transprtatin planning rganizatins. United States Department f Transprtatin (USDOT): A federal Cabinet department f the U.S. Gvernment cncerned with transprtatin. Urbanized Area (UZA): A census classificatin fr areas having ppulatins f 5,000 r mre and meets certain ppulatin density requirements. Urban Area Bundary (UAB): Bundary f census classificatin area having ppulatins f 5,000 r mre and that meets certain ppulatin density requirements. Urban Grwth Area (UGA): Areas where urban grwth within is encuraged and where grwth utside can ccur nly if it is nt urban in nature. Suthwest Washingtn RTPO 388 Lngview Kels Rainier MPO 2045 Reginal Transprtatin Plan