Life Science Journal 2013;10(12s)

Transcription

1 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) Desin Guideines Review or CFR Coninement o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns M. Faizan Tahir 1, M. Yaqub, Imran Buhari 3, Faheem Butt 4, dnan shra 5 1. ostraduate Student, Department o Civi and Environmenta Enineerin, University o Enineerin and Tehnooy, Taxia, Rawapindi 44000, aistan, 4. ssistant roessors, Department o Civi and Environmenta Enineerin, University o Enineerin and Tehnooy, Taxia, Rawapindi 44000, aistan 3. Diretor Researh & Deveopment Oranization, Government o aistan, Isamabad 46000, aistan 5. Researh ssoiate, Department o Civi and Environmenta Enineerin, University o Enineerin and Tehnooy, Taxia, Rawapindi 44000, aistan m_aizan_tahir@yahoo.om bstrat: The resuts o the ive we nown internationa desin uideines were reviewed or the pain and reinored onrete square oumns wrapped with a sine ayer o arbon ibre reinored poymer (CFR). The experimenta resuts were ompared with the vaues obtained usin North merian desin uideines (merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008, Canadian Standard ssoiation CS-S806-0, Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001), Conrete Soiety (TR-55) and European desin uideines, (édération Internationae du béton ib Buetin-14) in terms o onined ompressive strenth and the ain in axia oad arryin apaity or the pain and reinored onrete square oumns. The resuts o this study indiated that or the pain onrete square oumns, a the desin uideines were more onservative ompared to the reinored onrete square oumns both in terms o CFR onined ompressive strenth and the ain in axia oad arryin apaity. [Muhammad Faizan Tahir, Muhammad Yaqub, Imran Buhari, Faheem Butt, dnan shra. Desin Guideines Review or CFR Coninement o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. Lie Si J 013;10(1s): ]. (ISSN: ) Keywords: CFR; square oumns; Carbon ibre reinored poymer; desin uideines 1. Introdution: Fibre reinored poymer wrappin around the strutura members or rehabiitation and strenthenin o strutures beomes the most popuar methodooy in the ied o ivi enineerin. The perormane o ibre reinored poymer as a oninin materia is onsidered exeent amon the enineerin ommunity espeiay or the retroittin and strenthenin o deiient bride piers and buidin oumns. It is we nown at that the ibre reinored poymer jaetin inreases the oad arryin apaity and dutiity o onrete oumns. Considerabe researh has been arried out and numerous modes have been deveoped in order to investiate the eetiveness o ibre reinored poymer or the retroittin and repairin o onrete oumns [1-8]. In the iterature a ot o researh has been arried out on sma sae ibre reinored poymer wrapped onrete yinders without usin onitudina reinorement. imited researh was arried out on medium sae square oumns with interna onitudina reinorement. number o desin uideines and modes have been deveoped in the past to predit the onined ompressive strenth and axia oad arryin apaity o oumns [1-8]. The urrent existin we nown internationa North merian desin uideines; merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008 [1], Canadian Standard ssoiation CS-S806-0m[], Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001 [3], Conrete Soiety (TR-55) [4] and European desin uideines, (édération Internationae du béton ib Buetin-14) [6] provide desin equations or oumns retroitted or strenthened with ibre reinored poymer. Unortunatey, a the existin we nown internationa desin uideines mentioned above were deveoped to repair or strenthen the oumns havin the existin interna onitudina reinorement. However, they are based on the onined onrete ompressive strenth resutin rom FR wrappin neetin the eet o interna existin onitudina and transverse reinorement. ordin to authors nowede no researh has been arried out to date to evauate the mentioned above existin we nown internationa desin uideines to predit the onined ompressive strenth and utimate oad arryin apaities o oumns onsiderin the existin interna reinorement and without onsiderin the existin interna reinorement. The main objetive o the present study is to evauate the vaues o CFR onined ompressive 778

2 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) Tabe 1. Certain Conrete roperties v. Compressive Strenth ( ) 4.51 Ma Sump 75mm Conrete Mix Ratio 1:3:6 Water to Cement Ratio 0.6 Lab Temperature 7 O C Tabe. roperties o Reinorin Stee Test onditions Size (mm) Yied strenth 10 mm 414 Ma Lab Temperature 1.5 mm 414 Ma strenth and the ain in axia oad arryin apaities predited by the desin uideines mentioned above and the experimenta tested data or pain and reinored onrete square oumns.. Speimen Castin, Instrumentation and Testin roedure tota o eiht square onrete oumns were ast into the oowin two roups: 1) ain onrete square oumns (); Four oumns were ast without any interna reinorement and they were aed pain onrete () square oumns ) Reinored onrete square oumns (); Four oumns were ast with interna reinorement and they were aed reinored onrete () square oumns the speimens o the above mentioned roups were ast rom the same onrete mix ratio (1:3:6) usin sand, siieous (rave) areate (maximum size o 0 mm) and Ordinary ortand Cement (OC) with the maximum water ement ratio 0.6 (w/). The onitudina reinorement ratio used in the reinored onrete () square oumns was 1.6% with No.3 (10mm Ø) deormed bars used as the tie (square shape) bars spaed at 100 mm enters throuhout the enth o oumns as shown in Fi.1. The onrete ompressive strenth and yied strenth o reinorin bars used in this study is shown in Tabes 1 and. (CFR) Sia Wrap Hex-30C sheets with adhesive Siadur-330 was appied around the square oumns aordin to the proedures speiied by the manuaturers. The properties o Sia Wrap Hex-30C, Siadur-330 epoxy resin and their aminate properties provided by the suppier are shown in Tabes 3, 4 and 5. the speimens beore the appiation o arbon ibre reinored poymer (CFR) were ept or urin up to ourteen days and then et in the aboratory environment or one month. ter one month, in eah roup o oumns mentioned above, two oumns o eah roup were wrapped with unidiretiona arbon ibre reinored poymer (CFR) Sia Wrap Hex-30C sheets and ured or one month and then et in the aboratory environment unti the day o testin. xia and transverse deormations o the oumns were measured manuay usin dia aues with a aue enth o 30 mm. Two dia aues were used to measure vertia (axia) deormations whie two dia aues were used to measure horizonta deormations. the oumns were tested under axia ompression oadin usin oad ontro method. The oad was appied usin 3000 N apaity hydraui ja at an averae rate o oadin 1 N/minute unti aiure. the data was monitored and measured throuh the testin o a speimens. Tabe 3. Typia dry iber properties o Sia Wrap Hex-30C Tensie Strenth 3,450 Ma Tensie Moduus 30,000 Ma Tensie Eonation 1.5 % Density 1.8 / Tabe 4. Epoxy Materia roperties o Siadur-330 Tensie Strenth 30 Ma Tensie Moduus 4,500 Ma Eonation erent 0.9 % Density 1.3 K/Ltr Tabe 5. Laminate roperties (ater standard urin) o Sia Wrap Hex-30C with Siadur-330 Epoxy Tensie Strenth 894 Ma Tensie Moduus 65,40 Ma Tensie Eonation 1.33 % y thiness 0.381mm Fi.1 Cross-setiona dimensions and detai o reinorin bars sine ayer o ommeriay avaiabe unidiretiona arbon ibre reinored poymer 3. Review o Desin Guideines 3.1 merian Conrete Institute (CI Committee 440.R-008) 779

3 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) ordin to CI Committee 440.R-08 [1], Eq.1 & Eq. are used to predit the axia oad arryin apaity and the onined ompressive strenth o pain and reinored onrete square oumns. u 0.85 ( st ) y st (1) The maximum onined ompressive strenth is based on a mode proposed by Lam and Ten [1] as desribed in Eq. 3. 3a () The atera oninement pressure an be auated by usin the Eq.3 ee nt (3) D For non-iruar setion D an be auated rom Eq.4 D For pure axia oadin e = FR eetive strain = u ( b) ( h) (4) = 0.55 (reommended vaue to tae into aount premature aiure strain o FR). a and b are then deined based on the aspet ratio (b/h) and the eetive oninement area versus the tota area o onrete. a and b an be auated by Eq.5 & 6 respetivey e e b a (5) h 0.5 e b b (6) h b h 1 h b 3 h r b r 1 The vaue a an be obtained by substitutin the e vaue o into Eq. 5 and 6. a ( b r) ( h r) 1 (7) 3bh(1 ) It is important to note that the ratio o the oninin pressure to the unonined ompressive strenth shoud be reater than 0.08 based on tests by Lam and Ten [1]. This is the minimum eve o oninement required to assure a nondesendin seond branh in the stress-strain behaviour [1]. It shoud be noted that in order to prevent the exessive rain and resutin oss o onrete interity, the maximum utimate strain is imited to When this imit is appiabe the orrespondin maximum vaue o onined ompressive strenth shoud be reauated usin the Eq. 8 based on stress-strain urve provided by the Conrete Soiety [1] 0.45 e u b (8) u 0.01 (9) 3. Canadian Standard ssoiation (CS- S806-0) ordin to the Canadian Standard ssoiation S806-0(CS 00) [], the onined ompressive strenth and the axia oad arryin apaity o the CFR strenthened pain and reinored oumns an be auated usin the Eq. 10 & 1 respetivey. ( ) (10) Where (11) The ompressive strenth o onined onrete an be auated usin Eq s (1) 0.17 Where 6.7( ) s s an be taen as 0.5 or non-iruar setion. The atera oninement pressure or non-iruar setions an be auated by usin Eq.13 nt ee (13) D 3.3 Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada (ISIS MO4-001) ordin to the inteient sensin or innovative strutures Canada Networ o Centres o Exeene [3], the onined ompressive strenth o CFR wrapped pain and reinored onrete square oumns an be auated usin Eq w ) (14) ( pr w pr an be taen as equa to 1.0 w be auated usin Eq. 15 w u w w (15) st st y 780

4 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) an be auated usin Eq.16 nt ee ( b h) (16) bh 3.4 Conrete Soiety Tehnia Report (TR-55) The onined ompressive strenth and the axia oad arryin apaity o CFR strenthened pain and reinored square oumns aordin to the Conrete Soiety oninement mode [4] an be auated usin Eq.17 u y st (17) Where For non-iruar setions e 1 / (18) o o u s (19) b e s (0) h h r ( b r) 0 i b ( h r) o 1 3 o / o o b ( h r) i b ( h r) 3h r Where ( h r) b( h r) o (1) 4 The atera oninement pressure an be auated by usin Eq. t () b h 3.5 ib Tehnia Report (Buetin 14) The utimate axia oad resistane o the FR strenthened oumn aordin to Euroode [5] an be auated usin Eq.3 (3) u y st Where 1 or 50 Ma 0.8 or 50 Ma The European édération internationae du béton (ib Buetin-14) desin uideines [6] provide the oowin two equations or the vaue o maximum onined onrete ompressive strenth Exat reditive Equation (4) / / a y x t ae u (5) h t ae u (6) b ( b r) ( h r) 1 (7) 3bh(1 ) or non-iruar setions an be auated by usin Eq. 8 nt ( b h) (8) bh (9) The seant moduus se, u se, u is: u 4730 (Ma) se, u se, u 1 ( se, u 3.5. pproximate reditive Equation The utimate onined onrete strenth is auated usin Eq (30) t ae u x (31) h t ae u y (3) b The experimenta un-onined and FR onined ompressive strenths were obtained by usin the Eq. 33 and 34 respetivey. 781

5 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) uo y st oexp (33) st u y st Exp (34) st 4. Resuts and disussions The onined ompressive strenth and axia oad arryin apaity predited by the existin desin uideines: North merian desin uideines (1) merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008, () Canadian Standard ssoiation CS-S806-0, (3) Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001,(4) Conrete Soiety (TR-55), (5) European desin uideines (ib buiten-14) and their omparison with the experimenta tested data or pain onrete () and reinored onrete () square oumns was disussed in the oowin setions. 4.1 Experimenta versus predited (North merian desin uideines) CFR onined ompressive strenth o pain and reinored onrete square oumns Fis. to 4 and Tabe 6 shows the predited and experimenta resuts o onined ompressive strenth o pain onrete square oumns wrapped with a sine ayer o arbon ibre reinored poymer. From Fis. to 4 and Tabe 6 it is evident that the North merian desin uideines (merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008, Canadian Standard ssoiation CS-S806-0, Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001) underestimate the onined ompressive strenth o pain onrete () square oumns when wrapped with a sine ayer o arbon ibre reinored poymer (CFR). However, or the same number o arbon ibre reinored poymer ayer (CFR), merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008 and the Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001 predit the onined ompressive strenth very ose to the experimenta resuts. It is worth to mention here that or the both pain onrete () and reinored onrete () square oumns when wrapped with a sine ayer o CFR jaet, Canadian Standard ssoiation CS-S806-0 predit more onservative vaues ompared to other two North merian desin uideines(merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008, Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001). Fi.: Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the merian Conrete Institute (CI-440 Committee 008) Desin Guideines or the Conined Compressive Strenth o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. Fi.3: Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the Canadian Standard ssoiation (CS- S ) Desin Guideines or the Conined Compressive Strenth o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. 78

6 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) Tabe 6. erormane o North merian Desin Guideines in Terms o Compressive Strenth Enhanement o and square oumns Guideines Test No. Speimen Type '(Mode) (Ma) '(Experimenta) (Ma) % CI CS ISIS T T T T T T Fi.4 Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures (ISIS MO4 001) Desin Guideines or the Conined Compressive Strenth o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. 4. Experimenta versus predited (Conrete Soiety and European desin uideines) CFR onined ompressive strenth o pain and reinored onrete square oumns Fi.5 ompares the theoretia CFR onined ompressive strenth predited by the Conrete Soiety (CS) tehnia report TR-55 and the experimenta tested vaes or pain onrete () and reinored onrete () square oumns. It is noteworthy to mention here that the Conrete Soiety (CS) tehnia report TR-55 underestimate the onined ompressive strenth both or pain and reinored onrete square oumns. However, or reinored onrete square oumns the predited vaues are ess onservative ompared to the reinored onrete () square oumns when wrapped with a sine ayer o CFR jaet (reer to Tabe.7). Fis.6 and 7 presents resuts o predited CFR onined ompressive strenth auated based on the European desin uideines, (édération Internationae du béton ib Buetin-14) ib approximate and ib exat methods both or the pain and reinored onrete square oumns. It is worth to hihiht that ib approximate predits the CFR onined ompressive strenth more onservative or pain onrete () square oumns ompared to reinored onrete square oumns. However, the ib approximate predition o CFR onined ompressive strenth or reinored onrete square oumns was very ose to the experimenta resuts. It is interestin to note that the ib exat method overestimate the CFR onined ompressive strenth both or pain and reinored onrete square oumns when ompared with the experimenta resuts. However, the ib exat predition o CFR onined ompressive strenth or pain onrete () square oumns was ose to the experimenta resuts. From Fi.5 and Tabe 7 it an be seen that the resuts o the Conrete Soiety (CS) tehnia report TR-55 or the CFR onined ompressive strenth o pain onrete () square oumns were onservative by 3% when ompared to the experimenta resuts. However, it is interestin to 783

7 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) hihiht that the Conrete Soiety (CS) tehnia report TR-55 resuts or the CFR onined ompressive strenth o reinored onrete () square oumns were onservative by 14% when ompared to the experimenta resuts. It is aso evident rom Fis.6 to 7 and Tabe 6 that ib approximate underestimate the CFR onined ompressive strenth by 10% or pain onrete () square oumns when ompared to the experimenta resuts. However, the ib exat overestimate the CFR onined ompressive strenth by 6% or pain onrete () and by13% or reinored onrete square oumns when ompared with the experimenta resuts. Fi. 5: Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the Conrete Soiety (CS) Tehnia Report TR-55 Desin Guideines or the Conined Compressive Strenth o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. Fi.6: Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the ib Tehnia Report Desin Guideines (pproximate) or the Conined Compressive Strenth o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. Fi.7: Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the ib Tehnia Report Desin Guideines (Exat) or the Conined Compressive Strenth o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. 4.3 Experimenta versus predited (North merian desin uideines) CFR onined axia oad arryin apaity o pain and reinored onrete square oumns This setion addresses the predited and experimentay tested data in terms o ain in axia oad arryin apaity o pain and reinored onrete square oumns wrapped with a sine ayer o arbon ibre reinored poymer (CFR). The numbers on x-axis in Fis.8 to 13 reers to: 1) Comparison o predited and tested axia oad arryin apaities o pain onrete () square oumns (Tests T1&T) ) Comparison o predited and tested axia oad arryin apaities o reinored onrete () square oumns (Tests T3 &T4) Fis.8 to 10 show the omparison o resuts o axia oad arryin apaities predited by the three North merian desin uideines (merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008, Canadian Standard ssoiation CS-S806-0, Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001) and tested data o the pain and reinored onrete square oumns. It an be seen rom Fis.8 to 10 and Tabe.8 that a the three existin North merian desin uideines underestimate the axia aiure oad apaity both or the pain and reinored onrete square oumns. Tabe 8 eary shows that CS- S806-0 predition was more onservative whie CI 440.R-008 predition was east onservative in terms o ain in axia oad arryin apaity both or pain and reinored onrete square oumns. It is worth mentionin here that the resuts o three North merian desin uideines (reers to Tabe.8) were more onservative or pain 784

8 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) onrete () square oumns ompared to reinored onrete () square oumns. This oud be due to the at that under axia ompressive oadin pain onrete dispayed more atera expansion ompared to the reinored onrete square oumns. Consequenty, the arbon ibre reinored poymer (CFR) provides more restrainin eet or pain onrete ompared to reinored onrete square oumns. Sine the restrainin ation o CFR jaet depends on the atera expansion o onrete. Thereore, ain in the utimate aiure oad was enhaned or pain onrete square oumns ompared to reinored onrete square oumns. Tabe 7: erormane o European Desin Guideines (Conrete Soiety and ib) or Compressive Strenth Enhanement o and square oumns onined with CFR. Guideines Conrete Soiety TR-55 (UK) ib buetin- 14 pproximate European ib buetin- 14 Exat European Test. No Speimen Type '(Mode) (Ma) '(Experimenta) (Ma) % T T T T T T Tabe 8: erormane o North merian Desin Guideines in Terms o Enhanement o xia Load Capaity o and square oumns Guideines CI CS ISIS ( Exp) ( Mode) ( Mode) u( Exp ) u ( Mode ) Speimen Test. No u ( Mode ) u( Exp) Type (N) (N) u ( Mode ) % T T T T T T

9 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) Fi.8: Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the merian Conrete Institute (CI-440 Committee 008) Desin Guideines or the Conined xia Load Carryin Capaity o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. From Fis.8 to 10 and Tabe 8 it an be seen that the merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008 preditions were onservative by 8% and 15% in terms o ain in axia oad arryin apaity or the pain onrete () and reinored onrete () square oumns respetivey. The Canadian Standard ssoiation CS-S806-0 preditions were onservative by 55% and 3% or pain and reinored onrete square oumns respetivey. However, the axia oad arryin apaity predited by the Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001 was 39% and % onservative or the pain onrete () and reinored onrete () square oumns respetivey. Fi.9: Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the Canadian Standard ssoiation (CS- S ) Desin Guideines or the Conined xia Load Carryin Capaity o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumn Fi.10: Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures (ISIS MO4 001) Desin Guideines or the Conined xia Load Carryin Capaity o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. 4.4 Experimenta versus predited (Conrete Soiety and European desin uideines) CFR onined axia oad arryin apaity o pain and reinored onrete square oumns This setion ompares the experimenta tested data with the theoretia resuts predited by Conrete Soiety and European desin uideines in terms o ain in axia oad arryin apaity or pain and reinored onrete square oumns wrapped with a sine ayer o arbon ibre reinored poymer (CFR). Fis.11 to 13 and Tabe.9 provide the inormation reardin the omparison o the experimenta tested data and the theoretia axia oad arryin apaity predited by the Conrete Soiety (TR-55) and European desin uideines (ib approximate and ib exat).it is evident rom Fis.11 to 13 and Tabe.9 that the Conrete Soiety (TR-55) and the European desin uideines aso predit the onservative resuts in terms o ain in axia oad arryin apaity or both the CFR wrapped pain onrete () and the reinored onrete () square oumns. However, the predition o the Conrete Soiety (TR-55) and the European desin uideines were more onservative or pain onrete () square oumns ompared to the reinored onrete square oumns when wrapped with a sine ayer o arbon ibre reinored poymer (CFR).This is attributed to the at that the presene o reinorement oud provide more restrainin ation aainst an inined shear aiure as ompared to the pain onrete. Due to the more atera expansion in pain onrete square oumns under axia oadin, the CFR oninement eet was more pronouned in pain onrete square oumns ompared to reinored onrete square oumns. 786

10 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) Fi.11 Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the Conrete Soiety (CS) Tehnia Report TR-55 Desin Guideines or the Conined xia Load Carryin Capaity o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. Fis.11 to 13 and Tabe.9 eary show that the axia oad arryin apaity predited by the Conrete Soiety (TR-55) was 3% and 11% onservative when ompared with the experimenta resuts or CFR onined pain onrete () and reinored onrete () square oumns respetivey. However, the ib approximate method predits 38% and 1% onservative axia oad arryin apaity or CFR onined pain onrete () and reinored onrete () square oumns when ompared with the experimenta tested data (reers to Tabe.9). Fi.1 Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the ib Tehnia Report Desin Guideines (pproximate) or the Conined xia Load Carryin Capaity o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. It is interestin to note that the ib exat method predits the better resuts in terms o axia oad arryin apaity or the CFR onined reinored onrete square oumns ompared to the CFR onined pain onrete () onrete square oumns. It is evident rom Fi.13 and Tabe.9 that ib exat method predits the axia oad arryin apaity o CFR onined pain onrete () square oumns by 18% onservative. However, ib exat method predits the axia oad arryin apaity o CFR onined reinored onrete () square oumns by 7% onservative whih is approximatey ose to the experimenta resuts. Tabe 9. erormane o European Desin Guideines (Conrete Soiety and ib) in Terms o Enhanement o xia Load Capaity o and square oumns Guideines Conrete Soiety TR-55 (UK) ib buetin-14 pproximate European ib buetin-14 Exat European u( Exp ) u ( Mode ) Speimen Test. No u ( Mode ) u( Exp) Type (N) (N) u ( Mode ) % T T T T T T

11 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) Fi.13 Comparison o Experimenta Test Resuts with the ib Tehnia Report Desin Guideines (Exat) or the Conined xia Load Carryin Capaity o ain and Reinored Conrete Square Coumns. 5. Conusions The main objetive o the present study is to evauate the perormane o existin North merian desin uideines (merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008, Canadian Standard ssoiation CS-S806-0, Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001), Conrete Soiety (TR-55) and European desin uideines in terms o onined ompressive strenth and utimate oad arryin apaities or the pain onrete () and reinored onrete () square oumns. The oowin onusions were drawn rom this investiation. 1. The North merian desin uideines; merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R- 008, Canadian Standard ssoiation CS- S806-0, Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001 underestimate the onined ompressive strenth or CFR onined pain onrete () square oumns by 9%,6% and 13%. For the CFR onined reinored onrete () square oumns, the merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R-008 and Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001 desin uideines predit the better resuts or the CFR onined ompressive strenth (ose to the experimenta data). However, the Canadian Standard ssoiation CS-S806-0 underestimate the CFR onined ompressive strenth by 17% or the reinored onrete square oumns when ompared with the experimenta resuts.. The Conrete Soiety tehnia report (TR-55) underestimates the CFR onined ompressive strenth by 3% and 14% or the pain and reinored onrete square oumns respetivey when ompared to the respetive experimenta tested data. However, the ib approximate predits the CFR onined ompressive strenth by 10% onservative or the pain onrete () square oumns and predits the resuts very ose to the experimenta tested data or the reinored onrete square oumns. However, the ib exat overestimate the CFR onined ompressive strenth by 6% or pain onrete () and 13% or reinored onrete square oumns when ompared to the experimenta resuts. 3. The three North merian desin uideines; merian Conrete Institute CI 440.R- 008, Canadian Standard ssoiation CS- S806-0, Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures Canada ISIS MO4 001 underestimate the ain in axia oad arryin apaity by 8%,55%,39% and 15%, 3% % or CFR onined pain and reinored onrete square oumns respetivey. 4. The resuts in terms o ain in axia oad arryin apaity predited by the Conrete Soiety (TR-55), the ib approximate and ib exat were 3%, 38% and 18% onservative or the CFR onined pain onrete () square oumns respetivey. However, or the CFR onined reinored onrete square oumns, the resuts were 11%, 1% and 7% onservative in terms o ain in axia oad arryin apaity predited by the Conrete Soiety (TR-55), the ib approximate and ib exat respetivey. 6. Notations: = axia oad arryin apaity u = ompressive strenth o FR onined onrete = ross ross-setiona area o the onined onrete = onitudina reinorin stee area st y = yied strenth o onitudina reinorin bars = unonined ompressive onrete strenth = net Cross-setiona area o onrete 788

12 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) = atera oninement pressure o = unonined onrete ompressive strenth n = number o FR ayers t = thiness o FR ayer E = moduus o eastiity o FR e = FR eetive strain b = side o oumn h = side o oumn = strain eiieny ator = the utimate FR strain. u a = shape ator = shape ator b a = Eiieny redution ator r = radius o the edes o the setion = shape ator s pr w perormane oeiient w =voumetri strenth ratio = maximum utimate strain u o o area o overap o the paraboas =enth o overap reion =utimate tensie apaity o FR = onitudina reinorement ratio = voumetri ratio o FR reinorement se,u = Seant moduus o(exp) = experimenta un-onined ompressive strenth ( Exp ) = experimenta FR onined ompressive strenth uo = experimenta utimate maximum unonined axia oad u = experimenta utimate maximum FR onined axia oad 7. nowedements: uthors are rateu to the Department o Civi Enineerin, University o Enineerin and Tehnooy, Taxia and Government o aistan or inania support and or providin tehnia aiities to arry out this wor. 8. Correspondin uthor: Enr. Muhammad Faizan Tahir ostraduate Student, Department o Civi and Environmenta Enineerin, University o Enineerin and Tehnooy, Taxia, Rawapindi 46000, aistan. E-mai: m_aizan_tahir@yahoo.om Reerenes: 1. merian Conrete Institute (CI).Guide or the desin and onstrution o externay bonded FR systems or strenthenin o onrete strutures 008; CI 440.R-08, Farminton His (MI, US):merian Conrete Institute:008.. Canadian Standards ssoiation (CS). Desin and Constrution o buidin omponents with ibre-reinored poymers 00; CS-S806, Rexdae, Ontorio, Canada. 3. ISIS Canada, Desin Manua No. 4: Strenthenin Reinored Conrete Strutures with Externay Bonded Fiber Reinored oymers, Inteient Sensin or Innovative Strutures (ISIS) Canada, Winnipe, The Conrete Soiety. Desin uidane or strenthenin onrete strutures usin ibre omposite materia 004.Tehnia Report No.55, Crowthorne, UK. 5. Euro Code : BS EN :004: Desin o onrete strutures.art-1-1: Genera rues and rues or buidins 6. Fédération internationae du Béton ib. Externay bonded FR Reinorement or RC strutures 001; Buetin No. 14, Tehnia Report. Lausanne, Switzerand. 7. eerino. C and Modena.C.naytia mode or FR oninement o onrete oumns with and without interna stee reinorement. Journa o Composites or Constrution 010; 14(6): Xiao.Q.G,Ten.J.G and Yu.T. Behaviour and modein o onined hih-strenth onrete. Journa o Composites or Constrution 010; 14(3): Toutanji.H,Han.M,Gibert.J and Matthys.S. Behaviour o are-sae retanuar oumns onined with FR omposites. Journa o omposites or onstrution 010; 14(1): Wu.Y.F and Zhou.Y.W.Uniied strenth mode based on Hoe-Brown aiure riterion or iruar and square onrete oumns onined by FR. Journa o Composites or Constrution 010; 14(): Ten.J.G,Jian.T,Lam.L and Luo.Y.Z. Reiinement o a desin-oriented stress-strain 789

13 Lie Siene Journa 013;10(1s) mode or FR-onined onrete. Journa o Composites or Constrution 009; 13(4): Roa.S, Gaati.N and Nanni..Review o desin uideines or FR oninement o reinored onrete oumns o noniruar ross-setions 008; 1(1): Shamim. Sheih, Yimin Li. Desin o FR oninement or square onrete oumns 007; 9(6): Jian.T and Ten.J.G. naysis-oriented stress-strain modes or FR-onined onrete. Journa o Enineerin Strutures 007; 9(11): Yousa.M.N,Fen.M.Q and Mosaam..S. Stress-strain mode or onrete onined by FR omposites. Composites art B: Enineerin 007; 38(5-6): Hassan.M and Chaaa.O. Fibre reinored poymer onined retanuar oumns: ssessment o modes and desin uideines. CI Strutura Journa 007; 104(6): Hadi.M.N.S. Behaviour o FR wrapped norma strenth onrete oumns under eentri oadin. Composite strutures 006; 7(4): Chaaa.O, Hassan.M and LeBan.M. Ciruar oumns onined with FR: Experimenta versus preditions o modes and uideines. Journa o Composites or Constrution 006; 10(1): Esahani.M.R and Kianoush.M.R.xia ompressive strenth o reinored onrete oumns wrapped with ibre reinored poymers. Internationa Journa o Enineerin transations B: ppiation 005; 18(1): Bisby.L.,Dent.J.S and Green.M.F. Comparison o oninement modes or ibrereinored poymer-wrapped onrete. CI Strutura Journa 005; 10(1): Ten.J.G and Lam.L. Behaviour and modein o ibre reinored poymer onined onrete. Journa o Strutura Enineerin 004; 130(11): Lam.L and Ten.J.G. Desin-oriented stressstrain mode or FR-onined onrete in retanuar oumns. Journa o reinored pastis and omposites 003; (13): Beque.J,atnai..K and Rizaa.S.H. naytia modes or onrete onined with FR Tubes. Journa o Composites or Constrution 003; 7(1): Fam,. Z., and Rizaa, S. H. Coninement mode or axiay Loaded onrete onined by iruar ibre-reinored poymer tubes. CI Strutura Journa 001; 98(4): M.Demers and Neae.K.W. Coninement o reinored onrete oumns with ibre reinored omposite Sheets (FR)-n Experimenta study. Canadian Journa o ivi enineerin 1999; 6: Spoesstra.M.R and Monti.G. FR-onined onrete mode. Journa o Composite or Constrution 1999; 3(3): Wu.F.Y and Zhou.W.Y.Uniied strenth mode based on Hoe-Brown aiure riterion or iruar and square onrete oumns onined by FR. Journa o Composite or onstrution 010;14(): Benzaid R, Chih NE, Mesbah H. Behaviour o square onrete oumn onined with GFR omposite warp. J Civ En Manae 008; 14(): /8/