Investigating reproduction and abundance of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (H. molitrix) in the Greenup pool, Ohio River

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1 Investigating reproduction and abundance of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (H. molitrix) in the Greenup pool, Ohio River Nathan Fleshman Dr. Thomas Jones Photo: USGS Photo: USGS

2 Bighead and Silver Carp Native to southern China and eastern Russia Introduced to the southern US in 1970s Kolar et al., 2007 Flooding aided their escape into MRB

3 Life History Filter feed up to 20% body weight daily Rapid growth rates (12+ inches in first year) High fecundity (50, ,000+ eggs per female) (Schrank and Guy 2002; Williamson and Garvey 2005) Tolerant Can travel great distances

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5 61.8 miles long

6 Objectives Investigate the relative abundance and reproductive potential of Asian carp in the Greenup pool Evaluate fish communities in the Greenup pool Build a historical record of the Greenup pool Compare netting methods

7 Methods Gillnetting WVDNR Sites and Protocol (Ohio River Basin Asian Carp Control Strategy Framework) 5 in. mesh x 5.5 ft./17 ft. wide x 150 ft. long 2 hour sets w/ 5 minute runs every 30 minutes

8 Methods Gillnetting Experimental gill nets at ORSANCO electrofishing sites from 2011 and 2016 surveys Float line Flow 7.62cm wide Marker buoys Sampling 15 sites from each survey (30 sites total) Shore 2.43m deep 12 hour sets 2.54cm 5.08cm 7.62cm 10.15cm 12.70cm Anchor line Anchor

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10 Methods Quatrefoil Light Traps Sets of 4 at ORSANCO sites (12 hours) 500 micron mesh Cyalume TM green 12-hour glowsticks In water 1m deep, spaced 5m apart

11 ORSANCO Fish Data 2006/2011/ Species Richness = 40 Total Abundance = 1, Species Richness = 47 Total Abundance = 4, Species Richness = 45 Total Abundance = 3,666

12 2006 Fish Diversity Black Buffalo Bluegill Bluntnose Minnow Brown Bullhead Channel Catfish Channel Darter Channel Shiner Common Carp Emerald Shiner Flathead Catfish Freshwater Drum Gizzard Shad Golden Redhorse Green Sunfish Highfin Carpsucker Largemouth Bass Logperch Longear Sunfish Longnose Gar Morone Sp Quillback Redear Sunfish River Carpsucker River Darter River Redhorse Sauger Silver Chub Silver Lamprey Silver Redhorse Slenderhead Darter Smallmouth Bass Smallmouth Buffalo Smallmouth Redhorse Spotfin Shiner Spotted Bass Spotted Sucker Striped Bass Walleye White Bass White Crappie

13 Black Buffalo Black Crappie Bluegill Bluntnose Minnow Bowfin Bullhead Minnow Channel Catfish Channel Shiner Common Carp Emerald Shiner Flathead Catfish Freshwater Drum Gizzard Shad Golden Redhorse Green Sunfish Hybrid Striper Largemouth Bass Lepomis Hybrid Lepomis sp Logperch Longear Sunfish Longear X Green Sunfish Longnose Gar Mooneye Morone Sp Moxostoma sp Northern Hog Sucker Orangespotted Sunfish Pumpkinseed Quillback Redear Sunfish River Carpsucker River Redhorse River Shiner Rock Bass Sauger Silver Chub Silver Redhorse Smallmouth Bass Smallmouth Buffalo Smallmouth Redhorse Spotfin Shiner Spotted Bass Spotted Sucker Walleye White Bass White Crappie 2011 Fish Diversity

14 Bigmouth Buffalo Black Buffalo Black Crappie Black Redhorse Bluegill Bluntnose Minnow Bullhead Minnow Channel Catfish Channel Darter Channel Shiner Common Carp Creek Chub Emerald Shiner Flathead Catfish Freshwater Drum Gizzard Shad Golden Redhorse Green Sunfish Highfin Carpsucker Hybrid Striper Largemouth Bass Logperch Longear Sunfish Longnose Gar Micropterus sp Mooneye Morone Sp Northern Hog Sucker Orangespotted Sunfish Paddlefish Quillback Redear Sunfish River Carpsucker River Redhorse River Shiner Sauger Silver Chub Silver Lamprey Silver Redhorse Smallmouth Bass Smallmouth Buffalo Smallmouth Redhorse Spotfin Shiner Spottail Shiner Spotted Bass Spotted Sucker White Bass White Crappie 2016 Fish Diversity

15 Phelps et al Table 3 A qualitative comparison of change in fish communities within floodplain lakes. Phelps et al Silver Carp negatively affect Bigmouth Buffalo and Gizzard Shad Both exhibited decreased relative abundance and condition in response to increased Silver Carp relative abundance

16 Unpublished Data Dashields Pool 112 fish of 20 species were captured during 217 net hours RC Byrd Pool 75 fish of 17 species were captured during 69 net hours Cumulative species Cumulative species Species Area Curve Dashields Pool Net Hour Species Area Curve RC Byrd Pool Net Hour

17 Length-Weight Relationships When there are more than 10 fish of the same species the trend lines have shown good fit (R 2 >0.84) Weight (g) Length Weight Relationship for Smallmouth Buffalo in the RC Byrd Pool R² = Total Length (mm)

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19 References Kolar CS, Chapman DC, Courtenay Jr WR and Jennings DP Asian Carps of the Genus Hypophthalmichthys (Pisces,Cyprinidae) a Biological Synopsis and Risk Assessment. American Fisheries society. Bathesda, MD USA. Marchetti MP, Esteban E, Limm M, and Kurth R Evaluating Aspects of Larval Light Trap Bias and Specificity in the Northern Sacramento River System: Do Size and Color Matter? ORFMT (Ohio River Fisheries Management Team) Ohio River Basin Asian Carp Control Strategy Framework. Phelps QE, Tripp SJ, Bales KR, James D, Hrabik RA, and Herzog DP Incorporating basic and applied approaches to evaluate the effects of invasive Asian Carp on native fishes: A necessary first step for integrated pest management. PLoS ONE 12(9): e Schrank SJ, and Guy CS Age, growth, and gonadal characteristics of adult bighead carp, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, in the lower Missouri River. Environmental Biology of Fishes 64: Williamson CJ, and Garvey JE Growth, Fecundity, and Diets of Newly Established Silver Carp in the Middle Mississippi River. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society,134(6),

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