Making Orange County Streets Complete & Healthy

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1 Making Orange County Streets Complete & Healthy Irvine, CA Oct Many modes, one corridor.

2 Five core points: We should be physically active. But mostly we re not. Simply telling people hasn t worked... Improving the environment helps! Complete or not? And it yields a triple bottom line!

3 Youthful recollections

4 Changes in Walking & Cycling to School, 1969 to 2001 Ham et.al., Jour. of Physical Activity & Health, 2008, 5, % of students age Car Bus W/B W/B = Walk/Bike

5 Trends in Childhood Obesity & Overweight CDC, National Center for Health Statistics. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

6 The real risk Nov-2009 Lenore Skenazy

7 On the way to Webber Elem. (Westminster)

8 A goal: Evolve the conversation. It s not just an obesity epidemic. It s twin epidemics of physical inactivity and poor nutrition.* * Two of the three biggest drivers of skyrocketing healthcare costs.

9 The bad news in just three numbers: 30 minutes of daily physical activity (60 for kids) recommended by guidelines. < 20 % of Americans actually meet these recommendations (thru LTPA). 365,000 Estimated annual deaths in America due to physical inactivity & poor nutrition. (2 nd only to tobacco.)

10 Surgeon General s Report 1996 Physical Activity Guidelines min/week; more better. Any is better than none. Can be broken up. 300 min/week for children. Reduced risk for CVD, diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, dementia, clinical depression, cancers... This counts!

11 Exercise Participation Effect of Short Bouts, Home Treadmills (Jakicic et.al., J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 282, 16) 240 Exercise (min/wee ? LB SB SBT months

12 Exercise Participation Effect of Short Bouts, Home Treadmills (Jakicic et.al., J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 282, 16) 240 Exercise (min/week) LB SB SBT months

13 Fine for a few, but clearly not enough. > < We must build communities where people are intrinsically more active.

14 If we build it will they come?

15 YES! Four elements: 1. Varied destinations within walk, bike, & transit distance. 2. Network: sidewalks, trails, bike lanes, transit. 3. Functional & inviting designs for pedestrians, bicyclists, & transit users. 4. Safe & accessible for all ages, incomes, abilities

16 1. Land use. Live, work, shop, play, learn, pray. Jr. High Compact neighborhoods & shared open space. Housing above, retail below. School

17 2. Network encourages active travel with: Wash DC NYC Presence of sharrows, bike lanes, pathways. Well connected grid. Reliable, affordable, accessible transit.

18 Transit riders are physically active. Besser, Dannenberg, Amer. J. Prev. Med., 29 (4), Nov Just during the daily trip to transit: Half of transit riders walk at least 19 mins. Appleton WI 29% get at least 30 mins. of activity. Minorities, poor, urban dwellers more likely to get 30+ mins./day.

19 3. Site Market Po design: Which setting is more appealing for travel on foot, by bike? Legacy Town Center, Dallas.

20 Portland OR 3. Site design Buildings at the sidewalk, not set back; parking on street or behind. Trees, benches, lighting, awnings, human scale. Details: bike parking, open space, plants, art, materials.

21 Possible incentives: Decrease, share parking (include bike racks). Build-to, not set-back requirements. 2 nd story residential. Expedite permits. Neenah WI Appleton WI Elected, appointed officials, staff, & developers must be supported if expected to act courageously!

22 (Jacobsen P, Injury Prevention, 2003; 9: ) 4. Safety & access. Engineering can markedly All users improve safety. Increasing pedestrian and bike trips decreases overall accident & fatality rates. Roundabouts Curb extensions

23 Four Elements of Healthy Community Design: Pedestrian bike, & transit network Mixed land use Safety & access for all. Site design

24 If this is such a good idea, why isn t the free market taking us there?

25 Smart Growth & Economic Success Dec Benefits to developers, realtors, investors, local governments. Less infrastructure in compact development. Walkability premium on real estate sales. Flexibility & choice.

26 Smart Growth & Economic Success Nov Beneficial to... Creative economy, productivity, innovation. Competitive for hiring & retaining employees. Strong retail sales, offers customers transport choices.

27 Study of street redesigns in NYC: Pre- and post-project retail revenue. E.g. pedestrian plazas, bike paths, redesigned intersections, BRT... Improved areas exceeded borough & control area averages.

28 Benefits of protected bike facilities BikeWalkAlliance.org GreenLaneProject.org Healthier, more productive workers. Support real estate values. Increased retail revenue. Recruiting & retaining skilled employees.

29 On Common Ground Nat l Assoc. of Realtors; Summer 2010; The Next Generation of Home Buyers: Taste for in-town living. Appetite for public transportation. Strong green streak. Plus, Americans are driving less overall!

30 Walkability. Why we care & why you should too! Builder Magazine, Mar Consumer desire Flexibility in design Lower development costs...

31 The triple bottom line... Healthy Economy Planet Prosperity Healthy People Healthy Environment People

32 So how to get there? Programs. Outreach, education, enforcement, behavior change. Projects. Alter the built infrastructure. Philadelphia Policies. Practices, guidelines, rules, ordinances.

33 Cyclovias, Open Streets, Summer Streets... Bike to work week Subsidized, free transit.

34 Blue Island Bike Club Blue Island, IL

35 Enforcement: Combine with other tools, doesn t stick alone. Everybody involved; e.g. parents & students, crossing guards, etc.

36 Alden & Chase getting ticketed for proper hand signals & helmet use; Lander, WY.

37 Walk audits: community engagement, inspiration, & practical planning. Learning Walk audit Planning Commitment

38 The evolving physical activity playbook. Fenton, Community Design..., Childhood Obesity, 8(1); Feb Land use planning & zoning ordinance. Complete streets guidelines & routine practice. Transportation trail networks. Bike & transit infrastructure & incentives. Safe Routes to School, schools as healthy community centers.

39 i. Policy Establishes intent, & specific steps forward. Best on a regional scale! ^ Rosemead Blvd. Temple City < Not yet complete

40 ii. Design Guidance: Don t reinvent the wheel! E.g. National Assoc. of City Transportation Officials. New York Urban Street Design Guide

41 E.g. NACTO Urban Bikeway Design Guide Ocean Park Blvd. Santa Monica

42 Diagonal parking increases on-street capacity, but... Akron, OH But reverse angle: Less severe & costly collisions. Pedestrians off the roadway. Safer for bikes.

43 iii. Institutionalize by changing routine practices; even performance measures. No longer maximize Level of Service (LOS). Minimize Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT). Maximize ped, bike, & transit mode share!!!

44 On new development, redevelopment... Multi-modal Transportation Analysis instead of Traffic Impact Analysis (MMTA vs TIA). Maximize active trip generation. Bus pull-out, transit shelter. Bike lane, sharrows, parking. Sidewalk link, trees, benches. Oak Park, IL

45 Institutionalizing Complete Streets at the MPO in Nashville, TN Transportation Improvement Program scoring (60%) considers impacts to pedestrian, bicycle, transit, goods & services; not just cars! Higher funding priority for those with multi-modal benefits. LOS-only projects don t get funded!

46 In the end it s not a question of technical knowledge. Downtown Santa Ana It s not just a question of funding.

47 After all... We spend vast sums annually on transportation projects. Many of the first steps have either very low cost; or negligible marginal (incremental) cost over business as usual; check % increase. FIRST: Look at current paving, painting, & maintenance activities.

48 It s a question of vision & will: Keep doing the same old thing? New Towne Mall: Houstonl Or: Build livable, appealing settings that encourage free range humans?

49 This guy is a new model of success!

50 It s a question of will! Olshansky et.al., A Potential Decline in Life Expectancy... New Eng. J. of Med., March 17,

51 Complete Streets: Tucson Bicyclists Pedestrians

52 Transit Complete Streets: Freight & Motor Vehicles Glens Falls, NY

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