Simulation of rural highways with Aimsun Annique Lenorzer, TSS, Barcelona Ana Moreno, Technical University of Munich

Transcription

1 Simulation of rural highways with Aimsun Annique Lenorzer, TSS, Barcelona Ana Moreno, Technical University of Munich ISEHP 2016 rural roads workshop, Berlin

2 Motivation

3 slope model implementation in Aimsun ISEHP 2016 rural roads workshop, Berlin

4 Slopes: Upgrades model from TWOPAS Acceleration profile and crawl speed as a function of: weight, engine power and front surface.

5 Speed in mph Slopes: Downgrades from the GSRS Heavy vehicles put a smaller gear and reduce their speed to avoid brake overheating. 60 Max Speed on Downgrade Weight=50000 lbs; Length=5 mi Weight=70000 lbs; Length=5 mi Weight=70000 lbs; Length=2.5 mi slope in % Feasibility of a grade severity rating system FHWA-RD , 1980

6 Slopes: Truck s speed

7 Passing model 1. Desire 2. Decision 3. Execution

8 Passing desire: Speed, Delay, Rank and Remaining TT

9 Passing desire: Speed, Delay, Rank and Remaining TT

10 Passing desire: Speed, Delay, Rank and Remaining TT

11 YES Leader vehicle NO PASSING DESIRE delay=0 t=t+dt YES V=Vdes NO FREE FLOW STATE FOLLOWING STATE delay=0 t=t+dt dv=vdes-vlead delay=delay+dt dvthres=f (delay) Passing gain=f (Remaining Time,Rank) YES dv > dvthres rnd < Passing gain rank<maxrank NO NO NO PASSING DESIRED PASSING NOT DESIRED t=t+dt

12 Passing decision: allowed? solid line, multiple passings

13 Passing decision: feasible? PT + safety margin < min (TTC, TTSign)

14 Passing decision: TCC in absence of opposing vehicle Section 300m

15 PASSING DECISION PASSING DESIRED YES Passing permitted NO Passing time (PT), TTC, TTSign, Safetymargin PT + safety margin < TTC NO YES YES PT < TTSign NO PASS STARTS PASS DOES NOT START

16 Passing execution: maneuver distance

17 Passing execution: speed enhancement

18 PASSING EXECUTION PASS STARTS YES PT + safety margin < TTC NO YES PT< AT NO increase acceleration YES PT > 0 NO CONTINUE PASSING PASS COMPLETED ABORT PASS

19 Model s parameters summary desire decision Vehicle type execution Section

20 Calibration Microscopic Desired speed Passing time Critical gap Macroscopic 15 min traffic flow Platooning Number of passes

21 Validation with Field Data ISEHP 2016 rural roads workshop, Berlin

22 Field study Observations No intervention naturalistic study Two methods External observer Internal observer (impeding vehicle): quasi-naturalistic

23 Field study Static method Mobile traffic laboratory Recording in entire passing zones

24 Field study Static method Mobile traffic laboratory Equipment Camera 1 Camera 3 Camera 2 Camera 5 Camera 4 Camera 6

25 Field study Dynamic method Instrumented vehicles Recording during whole following + passing Acting as impeding vehicle Speed Equipment

26 Field study Dynamic method Instrumented vehicles Equipment

27 Field study Site selection Static method passing zones 20 passing zones 230 to 1270 m PZL 41:55 h 648 maneuvers 100 km/h Vd Dynamic method road segments 6 road segments 100 to 1855 m PZL 43:40 h 551 maneuvers 70 to 120 km/h Vd

28 Field study Data reduction Maneuver classification Number of impeding Simple/double Type of impeding/type of passing Passenger car/truck Starting mode Flying/accelerative Lighting conditions Daytime/nighttime Driver and passengers Age and gender

29 Field study Data reduction Passing maneuver Passing phases: t1 to t4 Time intervals: t3-t1 and t4-t3 Distances Speeds t1 t2 t3 t4 t3

30 Field study Data reduction Following maneuver Presence of opposing vehicles ASD Opposing vehicle limited Sight distance limited

31 Applications ISEHP 2016 rural roads workshop, Berlin

32 1+1 Applications Design criteria for minimum passing zone lengths Operational efficiency and safety considerations

33 2+1 Elements: Based on 2- lane model (1+1) The combination of acceleration lane + 2 lane section + deceleration lane is not adequate Mirrored sections Entrance and exit sections for platoon generation Main (center) section: Length = Passing lane length: Visibility is very low Opposing traffic flow is zero» The real opposing traffic flow is not simulated the opposing direction of the model does not exist in the reality

34 Percent of passing vehicles (%) 2+1 Calibration: 5 passing lanes in Poland (Tracz and Kiec, 2015) Percent of passing vehicles 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% Datos Field reales data Replicaciones Simulations 10.0% 0.0% Passing lane length (m)

35 2+1 Future work: Improve Aimsun s graphical user interface of two-way sections and provide a tool to edit 2+1 sections. Microscopic review of the passing model (location of the passing maneuvers and speeds) Obtain optimal passing lane length Determine optimal location of passing lanes for incomplete 2+1 roads Case studies: Valencia (Spain) Madrid (Spain) Navarra (Spain)

36 References Model in Aimsun: Llorca, Carlos; Moreno, Ana Tsui; Lenorzer, Annique; Casa, Jordi; Garcia, Alfredo (2015). Development of a New Microscopic Passing Maneuver Model for Two-Lane Rural Roads. Transportation Research Part C - Emerging Technologies 52, Field data and characterization of passing maneuvers: Llorca, Carlos; Moreno, Ana Tsui; Garcia, Alfredo (2016). Modelling Vehicles Acceleration during Overtaking Manoeuvres. IET Intelligent Transport 10(3), Llorca, Carlos (2015). Análisis del adelantamiento en carreteras convencionales y propuesta de modelos para la mejora del diseño y de la señalización de las mismas. PhD dissertation, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia. Llorca, Carlos; Moreno, Ana Tsui; Tarek; Garcia, Alfredo (2014). Sight Distance Standards Based On Observational Data Risk Evaluation Of Passing. Transportation Research Record 2404, Llorca, Carlos; Moreno, Ana Tsui; Garcia, Alfredo; Pérez Zuriaga, Ana María (2014). Multiple Passing Maneuvers: New Design and Marking Criteria to Improve Safety. Advances in Transportation Studies Special Issue, Llorca, Carlos; Moreno, Ana Tsui; Garcia, Alfredo; Pérez Zuriaga, Ana María (2013). Daytime and Nighttime Passing Maneuvers on a Two-Lane Rural Road in Spain. Transportation Research Record 2358, Llorca, Carlos; Garcia, Alfredo; Moreno, Ana Tsui; Pérez Zuriaga, Ana María (2013). Influence of Age, Gender and Delay on Overtaking Dynamics. IET Intelligent Transport Systems 7(2), Llorca, Carlos; Garcia, Alfredo; Pérez Zuriaga, Ana María; Moreno, Ana Tsui. (2012). New Experimental Approach For Passing Gap Acceptance In: Proceedings of 91st Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board (TRB), Washington, D.C., January Cafiso, S., D Agostino, C., Kiec, M. (2015) Investigating the influence on safety and traffic performance of 2+1 road sections in Poland. In: 5 th International Symposium on Highway Geometric Design, Vancouver. Applications: Moreno, Ana Tsui; Llorca, Carlos; Lenorzer, Annique; Casa, Jordi; Garcia, Alfredo. (2015) Design Criteria for Minimum Passing Zone Lengths: Operational Efficiency and Safety Considerations. Transportation Research Record 2486, Monteroso, Luchia. (2015). Análisis de la funcionalidad de las carreteras 2+1 mediante microsimulación. Master dissertation, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia. Rafael Diez de Arizaleta, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, Spain ISEPH Workshop 2016.