2018 Competition Rules

Transcription

1 2018 Competition Rules

2 Competition Techncial Competitions Concrete Canoe Rules* Steel Bridge Rules* Geotechnical Rules* Technical Paper Rules* Environmental Rules Transportation Rules Sustainability Rules Surveying Rules *National Rules Non-Technical Competitions Volleyball Rules Soccer Rules Basketball Rules Ultimate Frisbee Rules Kan Jam Rules Tug of War Rules Obstacle Course Rules Concrete Frisbee Rules Jeopardy Rules Impromptu Rules Mystery Event Rules Scavenger Hunt Rules

3 2018American Society of Civil Engineers National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules And Regulations

4 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION...ii AWARDS AND RECOGNITION... iii ASCE NATIONAL CONCRETE CANOE COMPETITION SPONSORS... iv PAST TOP FIVE FINISHERS AND HOST SCHOOLS... v ASCE CORPORATE PROFILE... vii R. JOHN CRAIG MEMORIAL AWARD... viii Section 1 GENERAL RULES AND ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS... 1 Section 2 CANOE... 6 Section 3 CONCRETE Section 4 REINFORCEMENT Section 5 FINISHING Section 6 DESIGN PAPER Section 7 PROJECT OVERVIEW & TECHNICAL ADDENDUM Section 8 ORAL PRESENTATION Section 9 FINAL PRODUCT (Canoe and Cutaway Section) Section 10 PRODUCT DISPLAY Section 11 RACE RULES AND REGULATIONS Section 12 NATIONAL QUALIFYING RULES Section 13 OVERALL SCORING Appendix A Judges Score Sheets Design Paper Score Sheet... A-1 Oral Presentation Score Sheet... A-2 Final Product Aesthetics Score Card... A-3 Instructions - Deduction Score Cards... A-6 Design Paper Deduction Score Card... A-7 Final Product Deduction Score Card (Conference Level)... A-9 Final Product Deduction Score Card (National Level)... A-11 Appendix B Forms Repair Procedure Report... B-1 Reconstruction Request... B-2 Damage/Accident Report... B-3 Request for Clarification and Appeals Form (Conference Competition)... B-4 Request for Clarification and Appeals Form (National Competition)... B-5 Appendix C General Guidelines for Concrete Mixture Data Table... C-1 Appendix D Job Hazard Analysis Form... D-1 Page i

5 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations INTRODUCTION Since the early 1970s, ASCE student chapters have been constructing and racing concrete canoes. During that time, canoe mixes and designs have varied, but the long-established tradition of teamwork, camaraderie, and spirited competition has been constant. Teams, their associates, judges, and all other participants are expected to maintain and build upon this tradition. The objectives of the National Competition are as follows: Providing civil engineering students an opportunity to gain hands-on, practical experience and leadership skills by working with concrete mix designs and project management. Building awareness of the versatility and durability of concrete as a construction material among civil engineering students, educators and practitioners, as well as the general public. Creating awareness of concrete technology and application among civil engineering students, educators and practitioners, as well as the general concrete industry. Generating and increasing awareness of ASCE s and national sponsors commitment to civil engineering education among civil engineering students, educators and practitioners, and well as the general public. Increasing awareness among industry leaders, opinion makers and the general public of civil engineering as a dynamic and innovative profession essential to society. Increasing awareness of the value and benefits of ASCE membership among civil engineering students and faculty in order to foster lifelong membership and participation in the Society. While the intent of the competition is to learn and build experience both technically and socially, students are a short step from being practicing engineers involved in projects that are critical to society s welfare. Ethics, professionalism, civility and respect are the cornerstone of every successful competition, and ASCE expects professional conduct from all participants. To preserve the quality of this competition and to improve the quality of future competitions, ASCE enforces high standards under the Section 1.9, Spirit of the Competition. The rules are divided into thirteen (13) sections plus several appendices; please review each section thoroughly. Good luck, have fun and be safe! Page ii

6 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 1 GENERAL RULES AND ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS 1.0 RULE CHANGES AND PRECEDENCE The Rules and Regulations (Rules) of the National Concrete Canoe Competition (National Competition) are updated each year. Teams are strongly encouraged to read this document carefully and disregard previous editions. Teams should not consider items such as rulings and interpretations made by judges in previous competitions and answers provided in previous Request for Information (RFI) Summaries, as setting precedence for this year s competition. 1.1 QUALIFIERS Teams may be invited to the National Competition by placing as the top qualified team at one of the nineteen (19) ASCE Student Conference Concrete Canoe Competitions (Conference Competitions), as the host school of the National Competition, or as a designated Wildcard. All qualifying teams must represent an ASCE Student Chapter. The National host school has the choice of competing in the current year or deferring their entry until the following year. The National host school must compete at their respective Conference Competition the same year they intend to compete in the National Competition. Conference level competitions are required to meet certain standards. To earn an invitation to the National Competition, a student team shall qualify through participation in its assigned Conference Competition. There must be at least three (3) eligible ASCE Student Chapters that are official members of the Conference participating in the concrete canoe competition to constitute a qualified Conference Competition. In addition, the Conference Competition must be hosted by a school that is an official member of the Conference. Only one (1) team from any given school can compete in a Conference Competition Wildcard Teams In addition to the top qualified team from each Student Conference, up to six (6) teams, geographically disbursed, may also qualify to participate at the National Competition as a designated Wildcard. Wildcard teams must: Score in the top one-third (1/3) of all Annual Student Chapter Reports, Respond to a notice from ASCE with a Statement of Interest, and Finish overall within the top half (1/2) of their respective Conference Competition. All student chapters that place within the top one-third (1/3) of all Annual Reports will receive an notice immediately after the reports are scored. The notice will ask teams to respond with a Statement of Interest within two (2) weeks of receipt, including a letter of support from their Department Chair and ASCE Chapter Faculty Advisor. After all student conferences are complete, all teams that placed in the top half (1/2) of their respective competitions will be cross referenced with those that submitted a statement of interest. From that group, up to six (6) teams will be selected randomly to be invited to the National Competition. A given conference cannot have more than one (1) Wildcard team selected in a given year Student Chapter Eligibility for National Competitions To facilitate broader participation by ASCE Student Chapters in Student Conference activities, ASCE Headquarters stresses the importance of the Student Conference as an event that is much more than a qualifying round for national competitions. As such, all ASCE Student Chapters must Page 1

7 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations meet the following eligibility requirements to participate in an ASCE-sponsored national competition: 1. Be in good standing with ASCE: a. Have submitted their Annual Report and paid their annual dues, as received by ASCE, prior to the start of the Student Conference; and b. FOR CONCRETE CANOE ONLY Have submitted their student chapter full Annual Report in time to be graded (reports submitted on or before February 1, 2018 meet this qualification), and have scored within the top two-thirds (2/3) of all student chapters. Student Chapters that submit an EZ annual reporting form do not qualify; and b. Act appropriately. As representatives of ASCE and the civil engineering profession, all competition and conference participants are expected to and must act professionally and courteously. The use of alcohol, marijuana, or other controlled substance is strictly prohibited. Note: Invitations to Conference and National Competitions are a privilege, not a right. Failure to act appropriately can result in letters of reprimand, mandatory behavior management plans, and loss of invitations to further competition for individual institutions and/or entire conferences. 2. Attend and participate in their assigned Student Conference as shown through their school's: a. Good faith participation in the Student Conference Business Meeting (at least one (1) student representative present at the start of the Business Meeting); b. Good faith participation in the Student Conference Paper Competition, including submission and presentation by at least one (1) member of the ASCE Student Chapter, not necessarily a member of the concrete canoe team; Note that the concrete canoe design paper/oral presentation does not count as an entry into the Student Conference Paper Competition; and c. Meeting any additional requirements of Student Conference participation set by the Student Conference at the previous year s business meeting or in their written and approved by-laws, standing rules, or constitution. 1.2 REGISTERED PARTICIPANTS A team may register a maximum of five (5) male and five (5) female participants. Teams may have less than ten (10) registered participants. Registered participants are eligible to present at the Oral Presentation and/or compete in the races. Substitutions will be allowed up to the time of on-site registration. No substitutions shall be permitted after on-site registration has been completed. Each team shall designate two (2) registered participants as team captains Eligibility Requirements Registered participants shall meet all the following requirements: a. Be an undergraduate student majoring in engineering or engineering technology during the 2017/18 academic year (August 2017 to June 2018). Students do not need Page 2

8 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations to be enrolled during the entire year (e.g., students graduating in December, or students not in school during the fall term but in school for the spring term.) Students that graduate during the academic year and have begun graduate studies during the same academic year are eligible to compete; b. Be members of an ASCE Student Organization in good standing (Section 1.1.2); c. Be National Student Members of ASCE. ASCE student membership numbers shall be required upon registration; and d. Have contributed to the design and construction of the concrete canoe during the current academic year Term Limits Registered participation shall not exceed three (3) years (consecutive or non-consecutive). There are no term limits for participation in other supportive roles. Registered participant is defined as being an official team member that presents and/or paddles during a Conference or National Competition. There is no limit to the number of support personnel permitted to prepare the Final Product, Design Paper, Oral Presentation, and assist at the races. All students, both undergraduate and graduate, are strongly encouraged to actively participate in their school s canoe project (concrete and materials design, canoe construction, design paper, fundraising, oral presentation preparation, etc.), including support at the Competitions. 1.3 PUBLICITY For publicity purposes, ASCE may use any or all canoes and papers entered in the National Competition for a period of one (1) year from the date of the competition. All associated transportation costs, etc. shall be paid by ASCE. 1.4 SPONSORSHIP The use of trade and company names for services, products, and intellectual property is permitted in the Design Report, Oral Presentation and Product Display for informational purposes only. Sponsorship recognition is limited to T-shirts and other apparel, or other non-competition related material. Sponsors are not to be recognized in the Oral Presentation (Section 8) or on the Product Display (Section 10). 1.5 ETHICS AND THE COMPETITION According to the ASCE Code of Ethics, Canon 5, Engineers shall build their professional reputation on the merit of their services and shall not compete unfairly with others. In the context of this contest, unfair competition may include conduct such as the following: 1. Failure to provide proper credit for past teams, plagiarism, or any other false statements concerning the source of material used in the contest; 2. Taking other people s designs, artwork, or other creative content without permission (for an overview of Intellectual Property Laws, including Trademark and Copyright, visit and 3. Any false or malicious statements about other teams, members, or others involved in the contest. Page 3

9 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 1.6 REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION (RFI) Page 4 Requests for Information (RFI) are to be directed via to the Committee on National Concrete Canoe Competitions (CNCCC) at cnccc@asce.org. Official responses will be posted to the CNCCC Facebook page ( The cut-off date for submitting a RFI is Monday, January 15, Those received after this date will not be acknowledged or addressed. RFIs will be compiled and published in a RFI summary on or about February 1, Teams are strongly encouraged to contact the CNCCC to avoid misinterpretation of rules at the Competitions. All RFIs will be made public. Teams are also responsible for all information provided in the Rules and Regulations, the general questions and answers posted to the Facebook Page, and information given at competitions from the date of the release of the information. 1.7 GENERAL INFORMATION General information on the competition as well as registration information for the National Competition is located on the ASCE website ( Students shall be responsible for registration materials, Design Paper and Project Overview and Technical Addendum submittal deadlines published on these websites. Questions regarding National Competition qualifying procedures, etc. should be directed to the Student Services Department of ASCE via (student@asce.org) or phone ASCE or SPIRIT OF THE COMPETITION The judges and/or the CNCCC may take disciplinary action, including warnings, point deductions, or disqualification of a team or entry for inappropriate use of materials, language, alcohol, uncooperativeness, or general unprofessional behavior or unethical behavior of team members or persons associated with a team. The judges and/or the CNCCC have the final authority to determine what constitutes a violation of the Spirit of the Competition and may take appropriate action towards point deduction or disqualification. 1.9 APPEALS AND FINAL SCORE VALIDATION Conference Competition Appeals shall be filed by the designated team captains using the Request for Clarification and Appeals Form (Appendix B-4). The judges will resolve any appeals and may contact the CNCCC directly for assistance. All appeals shall be resolved before the Awards Ceremony. Judges original score sheets and final electronic score sheets shall be officially ratified by the Head Judge before the Awards Ceremony National Competition Appeals shall be filed by the designated team captains using the Request for Clarification and Appeals Form (Appendix B-5). The judges will resolve any appeals with direct assistance from the CNCCC. All appeals shall be resolved before the Awards Ceremony. Judges original score sheets and final electronic score sheets will be officially ratified by the Head Judge and the CNCCC before the Awards Ceremony CANOE REMOVAL It is the responsibility of the participating schools to remove their entire canoe and any associated debris from the host school site after the competition. The host school has the option to remove any remaining canoe debris from the site and bill the responsible school.

10 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 1.11 SAFETY It is the responsibility of all participants to be knowledgeable of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA, policies. It is the responsibility of all participants to know about the materials that they are working with (See Laboratories and Hazard Communication Safety and Health Topics). Participants should obtain and read Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for each material they will be working with. It is the responsibility of all participants to work in a safe manner in a safe workplace environment. (See Construction: Concrete and Masonry, Personal Protective Equipment, and Ventilation Safety and Health Topics). Also, consult the Silicosis Fact Sheet for Construction Workers at Refer to Section 11 RACE RULES AND REGUALTIONS, in particular, Section 11.2, Safety, in regard to safety on the water SCHEDULE, DEADLINES, AND SUBMISSIONS The following is a list of important dates related to overall competition schedule including deadlines of applicable submissions. Teams should consider this as only a partial list of dates (especially since Student Conference deadlines are not included in this list). Item Date Issuance of 2018 Rules & Regulations On or about September 8, 2017 Fundamentals of Project Scheduling and the Critical Path Method ASCE Webinar Deadline for Submission of Preliminary Project Schedule and Acknowledgement Form (uploaded to ASCE server) October 4, 2017; 2 p.m. Eastern. November 1, 2017; 11:59 p.m. Eastern Last Day to Submit RFI to CNCCC January 15, 2018 Last Day to Submit ASCE Student Chapter Annual Reports February 1, 2018 Issuance of RFI Summary On or about February 1, 2018 ASCE Student Conference Competitions (submission deadlines to be set by Conference Host School; electronic copies of Design Paper and Project Overview & Technical Addendum to ASCE server coincide with those deadlines) Submission of Design Papers for National Competition (hard copies to ASCE AND uploading of Design Paper and Project Overview & Technical Addendum to ASCE server) 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition, hosted by San Diego State University, San Diego, CA Early March to Early May 2018 May 24, 2018; 5:00 p.m. Eastern June 23-25, 2018 Page 5

11 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 2 CANOE CNCCC Intent The intent of this section is to provide the specifications for the canoe to be built. In general, teams are to construct a canoe that (a) can withstand the rigors of competition including the transportation to and from the Conference and National Competitions, (b) are constructed of materials that are in strict compliance with these Rules and Regulations, (c) has been built within the current academic year and constructed and finished by the students, and (d) passes the flotation test to the satisfaction of the judges and/or CNCCC. 2.0 GENERAL The term canoe is defined as any watercraft designed for paddlers using single-bladed paddles. Since the same canoe shall be used at both the Conference and National Competitions, it needs to be durable enough to perform in both events, including transportation to and from the contests. The canoe shall be built within the current academic year. Canoes shall be constructed and finished by the students themselves. Construction relates to the placement of concrete, reinforcement and flotation materials; finishing relates to sanding, sealing and application of letters. The fabrication of the canoe mold and lettering created with assistance from outside vendors are permitted. Canoes are subject to an official weigh-in at the National Competition only (Appendix A-8) with the measured weight compared to the weight reported on the Compliance Certificate. 2.1 DIMENSIONAL CONSTRAINTS Length The length of the canoe, defined as the maximum end-to-end (bow to stern) measurement considering the outermost longitudinal dimension of the hull, is restricted to 22 feet Beam Width The maximum width of the canoe, defined as the outermost lateral dimension of the hull, is restricted to 36 inches (see Figure 2.1). The location of the maximum width is at the discretion of the team Other Dimensions The dimensions for other canoe parameters such as, but not limited to, depth, hull thickness, radii of chines and rocker, are not regulated and their values are at the sole discretion of the team. Figure 2.1 Definition of Maximum Width Measurement (Not to Scale) Page 6

12 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 2.2 CONCRETE AND REINFORCEMENT Page 7 Concrete mixtures shall comply with all specifications of Section 3 CONCRETE. Materials not constituting part of a concrete mixture, except for those used for flotation, shall be classified as a reinforcing material and comply with all specifications of Section 4 REINFORCEMENT. 2.3 STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS Structural elements such as ribs, gunwales, thwarts, and bulkheads are permitted if they do not impede paddlers from safely exiting the canoe. All canoe components, external protrusions, and structural elements shall be made of materials in full compliance with Section 3 CONCRETE and Section 4 REINFORCEMENT. Any reinforcement used must comply with thickness (Section 4.3.1) and percent open area (Section 4.3.2) requirements. 2.4 PADDLER RESTRAINTS Fixed paddler restraints, such as straps, seatbelts, Velcro, suction cups or any other item that attaches the paddler to the canoe or that interferes with the paddler safely exiting the canoe in the event of capsizing, are not permitted. The judges and/or CNCCC will prohibit the use of any paddler restraints if safety is deemed an issue. 2.5 PADDLES Paddles shall be single-bladed and may be straight bladed or bent. Spare paddles are permitted in the canoe during the races. 2.6 SEATS AND MATS Dimensions of seats and mats are regulated to prevent them from serving as a structural component in the canoe. Seats cannot exceed a 20 x 20 x 20 maximum. Mats cannot exceed a 20 x 30 x ½ thick maximum. Seats and mats cannot be used together, at the same time, by one paddler. Each paddler may use either a seat or a mat as described above, but not both. The paddlers do not have to use the same types of seats or mats when paddling in the same race (for example, the seats may be of different dimensions; or one paddler uses a seat and another uses a mat). The seats and/or mats must be available for review by the judges in the configuration that they will be used during Final Product judging. 2.7 SLIP RESISTANT MATERIAL Use of non-skid tape or other slip resistant material is not permitted to be adhered to the canoe. Paddlers are permitted to wearing protective gear such as knee pads, such that it does not conflict with Section SPRAY SKIRTS Post-construction applied devices that prevent water from entering the canoe, such as spray skirts, are not permitted. 2.9 GUNWALE The gunwale shall be finished in such a way as to prevent injury to the paddlers (i.e., no exposed reinforcement or sharp edges). Gunwale caps or coverings that are not cast as an integral part of the original canoe shall not introduce a structural element to the canoe. Exterior gunwale caps that could provide rigidity (e.g., wood strips, plastic channels, or other rigid materials) shall be cut

13 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations into sections no longer than two (2) feet each. No rigid gunwale protection shall be permitted within two (2) feet of either the bow or stern ends of the canoe (Figure 2.2). Typical pipe insulation foam used as gunwale protection shall be permitted, is not considered as providing rigidity, and is not limited to the above constraint. Figure 2.2 Limits of Rigid Gunwale Protection (Not to Scale) 2.10 FLOTATION Page Requirements Canoes are to be able to pass the flotation test by the buoyant design of the canoe. No hollow cavities or air bladders are permitted. Flotation material shall be solid blocks of material. Particulate material (such as foam peanuts, sawdust, and similar products) is not permitted. Flotation shall be limited to within 3 feet of the bow and stern sections. All flotation material incorporated into the canoe must be encased in concrete. The only exception is flotation material that is added to a canoe that does not pass the flotation test (Section ) Gunwale caps or coverings (Section 2.9) are not permitted on the canoe during the flotation test. Once the canoe has been certified as passing, gunwale caps and covers may then be added Flotation Test The canoe shall pass a flotation test whereby the canoe floats horizontally, with the canoe floating level at the water surface, within two (2) minutes of being filled with water. Teams will have a maximum of ten (10) minutes to fully submerge and remove their canoe from the flotation tank or body of water where testing is being conducted. Teams are encouraged to bring their own supplies (i.e., buckets) to ensure that their canoe can be submerged and removed within the required time. Teams shall submerge their canoe by whatever means necessary (such as, filling the canoe with buckets of water, tilting the canoe so that water fills in, pushing it downward, etc.) and are solely responsible for handling the canoe to meet the requirements of the test. A canoe shall be deemed as successfully passing the test if it floats level at the surface of the water without sinking once completely submerged. The canoe shall be certified as safe before entering any race, to the satisfaction of the judges and/or the CNCCC. Canoes that do not pass the flotation test on the first attempt will automatically be assessed a 25-point deduction on the Final Product Additional Flotation If a canoe does not pass the flotation test, teams shall be required to add additional flotation materials until the canoe does pass the test to the satisfaction of the judges and/or the CNCCC. Any additional flotation that is applied (including the materials used to attach it, i.e., tape) must be secured to the inside of the canoe and must be below the gunwale line (Figure 2.3). No flotation

14 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations material shall be permitted on the top of the bow and stern sections. Gunwale caps and coverings shall not be permitted to serve as flotation material (Section ). Flotation added at the Conference Competition shall remain in place for canoes that qualify for the National Competition. At the National Competition, the canoe with its added flotation shall be considered as built, as delivered and shall be judged accordingly. Figure 2.3 Examples of Additional Flotation to Pass Flotation Test 2.11 REPAIRS Repairs Made During Competition During the competitions, inclusive of all events and transportation to and from, repairs can be made only with tape. Any type of tape is allowed. Canoes shall be assessed a deduction only if the tape is used because of a durability issue. If the damage resulted from a collision, deductions for a tape repair will not be assessed. For each instance that tape must be applied to repair damage to a canoe, the team must first file a Damage/Accident Report (Appendix B-3) with the judges and/or the CNCCC and must receive written approval before any tape can be applied to the canoe Repairs Made Between Competitions Repairs made to the canoe or the construction of a new canoe is subject to the requirements of Section , Repair Procedure Report and Reconstruction Request. Refinishing of the canoe (such as, but not limited to, additional sanding, repairing minor dent and cracks, and the reapplication of sealers) constitutes a repair and is subject to this section. The reapplication of letters is not considered to be a repair. Any proposed repairs shall be made using allowable materials as defined in Section , Repair Materials, and are subject to review by the CNCCC. If reconstruction is granted, the canoe shall be of the same hull design, materials and concrete mixture proportions, of the original canoe Repair Materials Pre-packaged or pre-mixed concrete, mortar, or grout is not permitted in the construction or repair of the canoe. Bondo, epoxy, or similar materials are not permitted as patching or filler material at any time during the construction of the canoe, as a legal repair material during the Competitions, or as a repair material between Competitions. Concrete and reinforcing materials used for repairs of the canoe between the Conference and National Competitions shall meet the requirements of Section , Repair Procedure Report and Reconstruction Request, Section 3 CONCRETE and Section 4 REINFORCEMENT. Page 9

15 Repair Procedure Report and Reconstruction Request 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations If the qualifying canoe is damaged during the Conference Competition or between the Conference and National Competitions, the team may patch, repair, and refinish it following the submission and subsequent approval of a Repair Procedures Report. If the damage is deemed beyond repair, the team shall submit a Reconstruction Request to the CNCCC to rebuild the canoe. The Repair Procedures Report or Reconstruction Request must be formally requested from the CNCCC via at cnccc@asce.org, completed and signed by the team captain(s) and ASCE Student Chapter Faculty Advisor, and received by the CNCCC within five (5) business days following the completion of the Conference Competition or the date that an incident damaging the canoe occurred. The Repair Procedure Report or Reconstruction Request must contain sufficient information regarding the cause and extent of damage and the proposed repairs (including, the methodology, repair materials, and area of damage) to enable the CNCCC to decide regarding the approval of repairs or granting permission to rebuild a canoe. The CNCCC will review the Repair Procedure Report or Reconstruction Request and, if necessary, provide comments regarding the legality and suitability of the repairs. The catastrophic damage to the canoe resulting in a request to reconstruct, shall result in a thorough review of the durability and design of the canoe. Teams may be required to resubmit their Repair Procedure Report or Reconstruction Request based on the comments provided. Schools are not to repair or reconstruct their canoe until written approval is granted by the CNCCC. If the CNCCC does not permit the team to repair the canoe, the team shall be given an opportunity to decide whether it can safely, and in good faith, compete at the National Competition with a non-repaired canoe. If this requirement is not possible, the Student Organization shall forfeit to the designated alternate Student Organization concrete canoe team within their Conference. If it is determined by the CNCCC, poor design resulted in the damage to the canoe, the Reconstruction Request will be denied and the next Conference qualifying team will be invited to the National Competition. If it is determined the canoe may be re-built, the canoe shall be of the same hull design, materials, and concrete mix design of the original canoe. If this requirement is not possible, the team shall forfeit to the designated alternate concrete canoe team within their Conference. Schools granted permission to repair their canoes shall be assessed a 25-point deduction at the National Competition. Schools granted permission to reconstruct shall be assessed a 50-point deduction at the National Competition. The CNCCC reserves the right to waive the automatic deductions that may be assessed on a case-by-case basis. Page 10

16 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 3 CONCRETE CNCCC Intent The intent of this section is to provide the specifications for the various concrete mixtures that teams may proportion for their concrete canoe. 3.0 GENERAL Each of the concrete mixtures should be considered as unique and independent mixtures and shall comply with all the requirements of this section. The use of pre-packaged or pre-mixed concrete, mortar, or grout is not permitted. Bondo, epoxy or similar materials are not permitted during any stages of the construction of the canoe (i.e., as the component of the mixture itself, as an aid during the placement of concrete, as a modifier of the reinforcement, or as a means of attaching the flotation material). Mixtures used as filler and patching materials including repairs of any defects generated during the initial construction (such as cracks, bug holes, low spots, etc.,) shall meet all the requirements of this section. 3.1 REFERENCES The publications listed below form part of this specification to the extent referenced. The latest version of each standard shall govern wherever referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only. ASTM C39/C39M ASTM C109 ASTM C125 ASTM C127 ASTM C128 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2 in. or [50 mm]) Cube Specimens) Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse Aggregates Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregates ASTM C138/C138M Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete ASTM C150 ASTM C207 ASTM C260 ASTM C309 ASTM C330 Standard Specification for Portland Cement Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes Standard Specifications for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete ASTM C494/C494M Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete Page 11

17 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations ASTM C496/C496M Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens ASTM C595 ASTM C618 ASTM C979 ASTM C989 ASTM C1059 ASTM C1116 ASTM C1157 ASTM C1240 ASTM C1315 ASTM C1438 Standard Specifications for Blended Hydraulic Cements Standard Specifications for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete Specifications for Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars Standard Specification for Latex Agents for Bonding Fresh to Hardened Concrete Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete and Shotcrete Standard Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement Standard Specification for Silica Fume in Cementitious Mixtures Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds Having Special Properties for Curing and Sealing Concrete Standard Specification for Latex and Powder Polymer Modifiers for Use In Hydraulic Cement Concrete and Mortar 3.2 MATERIALS Cementitious Materials Hydraulic Cement Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C150, ASTM C595 and/or ASTM C1157, and shall react with water to form a binder Fly Ash Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C618, Class C or Class F material Metakaolin Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C618, Class N Slag Cement Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C989, Grade 100 minimum Silica Fume Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C1240. Page 12

18 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Hydrated Lime Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C207, Type S or N Other Cementitious Materials Other secondary cementitious materials and pozzolans, such as but not limited to vitreous calcium aluminosilicate (VCAS ), are permitted. Teams wishing to incorporate a given material as a cementitious material/pozzolan and having questions or concerns of whether it is an acceptable material shall contact the CNCCC via for a determination of its applicability Fibers Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C1116 and be dispersed within the concrete matrix Admixtures Water-Reducing and Set-Controlling Admixtures Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C Air-Entraining Admixtures Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C Coloring Admixtures/Agents and Concrete Pigments Shall meet the requirements of ASTM C Polymer Modifiers, Bonding Adhesives, and Waste Latex Paints Polymer modifiers shall be a latex or re-dispersible powder formulated for use with hydraulic cements that meets the requirements of ASTM C1438, Type II and accounted for in the mass and volume calculations during mixture proportioning to ensure proper yielding of the concrete mixtures. Bonding adhesives (ASTM C1059), formulated for bonding old and new concrete, and waste latex paints are strictly prohibited and may not be used as an alternative polymer modifier Specialty Admixtures Specialty admixtures, such as but not limited to, shrinkage reducers and viscositymodifying admixtures, fall under ASTM C494 Type S, Specific Performance Admixtures and thus shall meet the requirements of this specification. Epoxy resins, their curing agents, asphalt emulsions, or similar materials shall not be considered specialty admixtures and are strictly prohibited. Teams wishing to incorporate a material as a specialty admixture that does not fall under ASTM C494 Type S, is not commercially-available or specifically made for use in concrete and have questions or concerns of whether it is an acceptable material shall contact the CNCCC for a determination of its applicability. Page 13

19 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 3.3 REQUIREMENTS Number of Concrete Mixtures Teams are limited to a total of three (3) concrete mixture designs. Any given mixture can be produced in multitude of colors if color is the only thing that changes. The amount of color admixture or pigment can vary from mixture to mixture Type and the Amount of Cementitious Materials Concrete can be prepared using any type of non-organic, cementitious binder. The binder could be either hydraulic, non-hydraulic, or a combination of these. Any hydraulic cement used, must meet the requirements of Section If the binder contains commercially available nonhydraulic cement, include relevant Material Technical Data Sheets (MTDS) in the Project Overview and Technical Addendum (see Section ). If custom-made (non-commercial) products are considered, approval by the CNCCC shall be first obtained prior to its use Aggregate Proportioning Aggregates shall meet the following requirements for each individual concrete mixture [based on final yielded proportions]: a. Total aggregate volume, regardless of source, shall constitute 25% (min.) of the total volume of any concrete mixture; b. Of the total aggregate volume, a minimum of 25% of its volume, must be a commerciallyavailable lightweight aggregate that is: 1) Certified* as meeting the specifications of ASTM C330, including aggregate type, chemical composition, physical properties, and testing of concrete samples for compressive and tensile strength, drying shrinkage, pop-outs, and resistance to freezing and thawing. i. The certification must show/indicate that the grading of the aggregate(s) tested met one of those outlined in Table 1 Grading Requirements for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete of ASTM C330. ii. Teams are permitted to modify the particle size distribution (gradation) of the certified aggregate themselves and make it different than that given in the ASTM C330 requirements (for example, by taking the smaller sized portion of the overall gradation). iii. Teams may secure from the supplier/manufacturer, aggregates classified as fines which cannot be tested per ASTM C330, if the base product from which they are produced is certified*. 2) Not a manufactured microsphere or cenosphere (from fly ash production) * Certified by an independent testing laboratory, which is a standard practice in the lightweight aggregate industry. This documentation is readily available from the commercial suppliers. Product literature which simply states ASTM C330 compliant is not sufficient to meet this requirement. Refer to sample Project Overview and Technical Addendum ( for an example certification. Page 14

20 3.3.4 Water/Cementitious Material (w/cm) Ratio 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations There is no limit for the w/cm ratio. The water content of all admixtures shall be considered when calculating the w/cm ratio Solids Content Only latex solids, dyes, and admixtures in powder form are to be accounted for in the determination of solids content. Disregard the contribution of solids from other admixtures Unit Weight Wet (Plastic) Unit Weight The wet unit weight, per ASTM C138, is to be reported in Table 3.1. It is understood that the concrete placed on the canoe may be denser than the unit weight determined per ASTM C138 due to method of placement Dry Unit Weight The dry unit weight is based on oven-dried conditions. It is recommended that the samples be dried for a period of no less than 24 hours at a temperature not to exceed 250 F. Once dried, samples must be protected from absorbing moisture Curing Concrete shall be cured after placement and finishing using an appropriate curing method. Liquid membrane-forming compounds certified to meet either ASTM C309 or ASTM C1315, with a volatile organic content (VOC) less than or equal to 350 g/l and stated as such on the product data sheet, may be applied to any portion of the canoe at the discretion of the team. Equivalent products may be submitted to the CNCCC for consideration as an approved equal. The application of either a curing compound or curing and sealing compound to any portion of the canoe shall be limited to a maximum of two (2) coats following the manufacturer s recommended procedure for application and thickness. 3.4 DOCUMENTATION Mixture Proportions Table The proportions of the concrete mixtures used in the canoe are to be summarized in Table 3.1, Concrete Mixture Data Table, and shall be included in Appendix B of the Design Paper (Section m). Teams shall be responsible for mathematical accuracy and correct determination of all values and the proper use of significant digits. Table 3.1 is available for download. Please refer to Appendix C, General Guidelines for Concrete Mixture Data Table, for step-bystep instruction on how to complete the table. A copy of the table will be made available on the ASCE canoe website for download Engineering Properties The concrete density, strengths and air content shall be reported in English units to the accuracies outlined in the applicable industry standards (e.g., ASTM C39, C109, C138 and C496, etc.) on the Compliance Certificate (Section b) Page 15

21 3.4.3 Material Technical Data Sheets 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Material Technical Data Sheets (MTDS) for each material used in the canoe are to be presented under Tab D of the Project Overview and Technical Addendum (Section e). This includes, but is not limited to, cementitious materials (including cement), aggregate (other than natural or manufactured sands), chemical admixtures, and pigments. Each MTDS should show compliance to the rules (ex: Polymer Modifier should list it complies with ASTM C1438, Type II). Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are not equivalent documentation for MTDS. SDS may be included as a supplement to the MTDS, but not as a substitute. Any unaddressed equivalent materials shall be submitted to and approved by the CNCCC as alternatives before their application Aggregate Sample(s) A 500 milliliter (min.) representative samples of both the individual aggregates and composite aggregate blends used in each concrete mixture shall be made available as part of the Product Display (Section 10.1.b). Samples shall be provided in transparent containers, and labeled accordingly. Composite aggregate blends should be of the same proportion of each concrete mixture Concrete Sample(s) Cylinders A 3 in. or 4 in. diameter standard cylindrical sample of each concrete mixture used in the canoe shall be made available for compliance checking as part of the Product Display (Section 10.1.b). The sample(s) shall be a quality control (QC) test cylinder taken at the time of construction and be representative of the in-place density, color, consistency and make-up of the concrete(s) used in the canoe. The concrete cylinders shall be provided in two halves. If several colors of a given concrete mixture is used, provide only one (1) sample of that mixture (i.e., samples of each color are not required). One (1) complete (unbroken) 3 in. or 4 in. diameter standard cylindrical sample of each concrete mixture used must be available for the purposes of unit weight verification. These samples should be prepared per ASTM C39. If several colors of a given concrete mixture is used, provide only one (1) sample of that mixture (i.e., samples of each color are not required). Cylinders are subject to a unit weight check at the National Competition with the measured unit weight compared to that reported on the Compliance Certificate. The complete (unbroken) samples provided shall be oven-dried (refer to Section , Dry Unit Weight). Page 16

22 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations MIXTURE DESIGNATION: TABLE 3.1 SUMMARY OF MIXTURE PROPORTIONS CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS Component Specific Gravity Volume (ft 3 ) Amount of CM (mass/volume) (lb/yd 3 ) Cement, ASTM Type Cementitious Material 1 Cementitious Material 2 Cementitious Material 3 FIBERS Total Amount of cementitious materials lb/yd 3 c/cm ratio Component Specific Gravity Volume (ft 3 ) Amount of Fibers (mass/volume) (lb/yd 3 ) Fiber 1 Fiber 2 Aggregates Aggregate 1 Aggregate 2 Aggregate 3 Admixture Latex (if used) Liquid Dye (if used) Admixture Admixture lb/gal ASTM C330* Y / N Y / N Y / N Abs (%) AGGREGATES SGOD SGSSD Base Quantity (lb/yd 3 ) OD SSD Total Amount of Fibers lb/yd 3 Volume (ft 3 ) ADMIXTURES Dosage % Solids Amount of Water in Admixture (lb/yd (fl.oz/cwt) 3 ) SOLIDS (LATEX, DYES AND POWDERED ADMIXTURES ONLY) Total Water from Admixtures, w admx lb/yd 3 Component Specific Gravity Volume (ft 3 ) Amount (mass/volume) (lb/yd 3 ) Latex (if used) Liquid Dye (if used) Powdered Admixture WATER Water, lb/yd 3 w: Total Free Water from All Aggregates, lb/yd 3 w free : Total Water from All Admixtures, lb/yd 3 w admx : Total Solids from Admixtures lb/yd 3 Amount (mass/volume) (lb/yd 3 ) Volume (ft 3 ) Batch Water, lb/yd 3 w batch : DENSITIES, AIR CONTENT, RATIOS AND SLUMP cm fibers aggregates solids water Total Mass of Concrete, M, (lb ) Absolute Volume of Concrete, V, (ft 3 ) Theoretical Density, T, (= M / V) lb/ft 3 Air Content [= (T D)/T x 100%] % Measured Density, D lb/ft 3 Slump, Slump flow in. water/cement ratio, w/c: water/cementitious material ratio, w/cm: * Indicate if aggregate, other than manufactured glass microspheres and/or cenospheres, is compliant with ASTM C330. M: V:

23 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations TERMS AND FORMULAS FOR TABLE 3.1 Abs = absorption of an aggregate, whether taken as a whole, the coarse, or the fine aggregate, %. cwt = hundred weight of cementitious material (example 860 lb/yd 3 of cm is 8.6 cwt) MC total = total moisture content referenced to the oven-dried condition of the aggregate, %. MC free = free moisture content, referenced to the saturated, surface-dry condition (SSD), of the aggregate, %. MC stk = stock moisture content of the aggregate, %. M = the measured density (wet, plastic) of concrete test cylinders, per ASTM C138, lb/ft 3. T = the theoretical density of concrete (zero air voids), per ASTM C138, lb/ft 3. SG SSD = specific gravity, in the saturated, surface-dry condition, of aggregate, dimensionless. SG OD = specific gravity, in the oven-dried condition, of aggregate dimensionless. W SSD = mass, in the saturated, surface-dry condition, of aggregate per unit volume of concrete, lb/yd 3. W OD = mass, in the oven-dried condition, of aggregate per unit volume of concrete, lb/yd 3. W stk = mass, in the stock moisture condition, of the aggregate per unit volume of concrete, lb/yd 3. w admx = the mass of water in the admixtures, per unit volume of concrete, lb/yd 3. w batch = the mass of water to be batched per unit volume of concrete when the aggregates are in a stock moisture condition, lb/yd 3. w free = free water carried into the batch by a wet per unit volume of concrete, lb/yd 3. Each one of these formulas should be applied to each aggregate source: Wssd -Wod Abs = 100% W MC total MC od Wstk -Wod = 100% W free od = MC total - Abs Abs W SSD = 1+ * W OD 100% MC free w free WOD 100% Note that w free can be a negative number indicating a dry and absorptive aggregate. Wstk = WSSD + wfree Then, for the mixture as a whole: w batch w w free wadmx The following formula should be applied to all admixtures in liquid form: w admx = dosage (fl oz/cwt) * cwt of cm * water content (%) * 1 gal/128 fl oz * lb/gal of admixture The following formula should be applied to latex and liquid dyes, only: S = dosage (fl oz/cwt) * cwt of cm * solid content (%) * 1 gal/128 fl oz * lb/gal of admixture Page 18

24 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 4 REINFORCEMENT CNCCC Intent The intent of this section is to provide the specifications for the materials that teams may use to serve as primary reinforcement. In general, teams are permitted to develop a reinforcement scheme that (a) uses materials that contain sufficient open space measured in terms of percent open area (POA), (b) the total thickness of the reinforcing layers is equal to or less than 50% of the total thickness of the reinforced concrete composite, and (c) the reinforcing materials do not have postmanufacturer applied coatings that enhance the properties of the reinforcement. 4.0 GENERAL All primary reinforcement shall be covered in concrete. All materials not part of a concrete mixture or a floatation material shall be classified as reinforcing material and shall comply with the specifications outlined below. 4.1 REFERENCES The publications listed below form part of this specification to the extent referenced. The latest version of each standard shall govern wherever referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only. ASTM C1116 Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete and Shotcrete 4.2 MATERIALS Mesh and Grids All materials serving as primary reinforcement shall have sufficient open space to allow for the mechanical bonding of the concrete composite as measured by its percent open area (POA). Solid mats or plates for reinforcing are not permitted. Pre-impregnated (pre-preg) materials which contain resins and require heat to complete polymerization, are not permitted. Solid mats and plates are described as materials that require additional bonding agents or postmanufacturer perforations to keep the reinforcement from delaminating (i.e., there is a lack of open space between the reinforcement sufficient for mechanical bonding) Strands, Tendons, and Bars Strands, tendons, and bars are materials less than ½ inch wide and are used to make a reinforcement grid or used in pre- or post-tensioning. When used individually, they must meet thickness requirements, but are not subject to percent open area. Grids consisting of strands, tendons, and bars are subject to thickness and percent open area requirements (Section 4.3) Bearing Plates and Fasteners Bearing plates and fasteners used for pre- or post-tensioning of tendons are permitted and are not subject to the thickness or percent open area requirements on the following page. The location of the bearing plates is limited to within 2 feet from the bow and stern sections. The thickness of any bearing plate itself is limited to ¼ inch Fibers Fibers dispersed within the concrete matrix (ASTM C1116) are secondary reinforcement and not subject to the measurements listed in Section 4.3. Page 19

25 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 4.3 MEASUREMENT Thickness The thickness of a layer of reinforcement is defined as follows: a single layer of the reinforcing is to be placed on a flat surface; a piece of plate glass, ¼ inch or thinner, is to be placed on the reinforcement; when subjected to the weight of the glass alone, the distance from the bottom of the plate to the top of the supporting flat surface is the thickness of a single layer. The sum of all such measured thicknesses divided by the total thickness of the canoe wall or structural element at any point in the canoe shall not exceed 50%. All canoe elements, including but not limited to, the hull, ribs, gunwales, thwarts, bulkheads, etc., and the connections of structural elements to the canoe wall are subject to this rule. If individual rods or reinforcing bars are used in such a way that they cross each other, this use constitutes at least two (2) layers of reinforcement Percent Open Area The minimum percent open area (POA) of any layer of reinforcing material is 40%. The determination of the POA is obtained by the following equation (sample calculation below): POA = Area open Area total x 100% where: Area open is the total open area (i.e., the area of the apertures) Area total is the total area of the reinforcement specimen Given: A glass fiber reinforcing mesh with a square inch aperture size (0.30 in. by 0.30 in. aperture dimensions). The thickness of fibers along the sample length was determined to be 0.10 inches wide while the thickness along the sample width was found to be 0.20 inches wide. (See figure above) Determine: Percent Open Area (POA) of the glass fiber reinforcing mesh Solution: d1 = aperture dimension + 2(t1 /2) = (0.10/2) = 0.40 inch d2 = aperture dimension + 2(t2 /2) = (0.10/2) = 0.50 inch Lengthsample = n1d1 = [(15) x 0.40] = 6.0 inches Widthsample = n2d2 = [(11) x 0.50] = 5.50 inches Areaopen = n1 x n2 x Areaopen1 = 15 x 11 x 0.09 in 2 = in 2 Areatotal = Lengthsample x Widthsample = 6.0 in x 5.50 in = 33.0 in 2 POA = Areaopen / Areatotal x 100% = / 33.0 x 100 = 45% (> 40% min.) OK! Figure 4.1 Percent Open Area (POA) Determination and Sample Calculation Page 20

26 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Teams are permitted to modify a given mesh by removing strands as needed to achieve the required POA. Teams may fabricate meshes or grids by placing (weaving, tying) material in the as-received condition. Once fabricated, teams are not permitted to treat the material (e.g., apply coatings or heat). The as-received condition is defined as a commercially available off the shelf product directly available to a consumer which has not been modified by a third-party (for example, fiberglass can be used as is, but to have a third-party make a grid out of it, then delivering it to the team and then considering it as-received is not allowed). 4.4 DOCUMENTATION Reinforcement Samples Mesh and Grids A 12 in. x 12 in. (min.) square sample of each reinforcement material (mesh or grid) used shall be made available as part of the Product Display (Section 10.1.b) Strips, Tendons and Bars If the reinforcement is as-received as a rolled strip (less than 12 in. wide), a 12 in. long sample strip shall suffice. If bars, tendons or strands are utilized, a sample of 12 in. (min.) length shall be provided Fibers For any fibers used in the concrete mixtures, individual sample(s) of 50 ml (min.) shall be provided Material Technical Data Sheets Material Technical Data Sheets (MTDS) for each reinforcement material used shall be presented under Tab D of the Project Overview and Technical Addendum (Section e). Some materials from local stores may not have an official MTDS available; however, a printout (from the store website or from the packaging) showing basic strength properties of the material may be included instead. if you are in doubt of a product or MTDS, contact the CNCCC for review. Page 21

27 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 5 FINISHING CNCCC Intent The intent of this section is to provide the specifications for the various materials that teams may use to finish the surface of the canoes. In general, teams shall provide the names of the school and canoe at their specified heights and locations. Teams may (a) use integrally colored concrete, and (b) apply sealers to specified areas of the canoe. 5.0 GENERAL All materials used shall be environmentally safe. 5.1 REFERENCES The publications listed below form part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only. ASTM C309 ASTM C979 ASTM C1315 Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete Specifications for Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds Having Special Properties for Curing and Sealing Concrete 5.2 LETTERING The name of the school and canoe shall be prominently displayed on the exterior of the canoe, above the waterline, on both sides, with individual letters. The school name shall consist of letters 5 ± 1/2 high; the canoe name shall consist of letters 4 ± 1/2 high. Letter height includes any outlines, shadows, ascenders and descenders, etc., used and may vary if it is within the specified range. If the complete name of the college or university is 31 characters or more (including all letters and spaces between words), the name may be abbreviated. To use an abbreviation, teams must submit an RFI for approval by the CNCCC. Teams granted approval for abbreviated names for the 2016 and 2017 competitions do not need to resubmit an RFI. A listing of those schools will be provided on the ASCE Concrete Canoe Facebook page. The abbreviated name must still clearly indicate the specific college or university competing and, as applicable; it should also include state or city. 5.3 GRAPHICS Graphics created using concrete coloring agents and pigments within the concrete mix design (i.e., integrally colored concrete) are not limited in dimension or frequency. Letters for canoe and school names created using coloring agents and pigments are limited to the sizes outlined in Section 5.2. Any coloring agents or pigments used shall be in accordance with ASTM C ADHESIVE APPLIQUÉS The use of adhesive appliqués is limited to the lettering used for the school and canoe names. 5.5 STAINS AND PAINTS The use of stains and paints of any kind is strictly prohibited. Page 22

28 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 5.6 CONCRETE SEALERS Only clear, non-pigmented concrete sealers (penetrating or surface coating) may be applied to any portion of the canoe at the discretion of the team. The sealer may be either: a. silane- or siloxane-based penetrating sealer with a VOC of less than or equal to 350 g/l, or b. liquid membrane-forming compound for curing and sealing that is complaint with ASTM C1315 requirements (there are no VOC requirement with this option) VOC listings, ASTM C1315 compliance, as applicable, are to be stated as such on the product technical data sheet. Post-manufacturer additives such as glitter or other particulate material are not permitted. Equivalent products shall be submitted to the CNCCC for consideration as an approved equal. The application of sealer to any portion of the canoe shall be limited to a maximum of two (2) coats, following the manufacturer s recommended procedure for application and thickness. 5.7 DOCUMENTATION Material Technical Data Sheets Material Technical Data Sheets (MTDS) for each material used in the construction of the canoe shall be presented under Tab D of the Project Overview and Technical Addendum (Section e). This includes, but is not limited to pigments, sealers and curing compounds. Page 23

29 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 6 DESIGN PAPER CNCCC Intent The intent of this section is to provide the specifications for the Design Paper. In general, the Design Paper shall cover various areas related to the design and construction of the concrete canoe such as concrete and composite development and testing, project management, innovations and sustainable aspects of the design. 6.0 GENERAL Scoring shall be based on the criteria in Appendix A-1. All paper shall become the property of ASCE and may be used for publication and/or distribution. 6.1 REFERENCES The publications listed below form part of this specification to the extent referenced. The latest version of each standard shall govern wherever referenced. ASCE (2014 or current version). Permission Basics" Publishing Books with ASCE (October 2014). ASCE (2014 or current version). Author-Date References" Publishing Books with ASCE. (October 2014). 6.2 DESIGN PAPER General Requirements The body and appendices of the Design Paper shall be presented on white 8 ½ in. by 11 in. pages in portrait orientation. No background images or watermarks are permitted behind the text in the body or appendices of the paper. Appendix cover sheets are permitted, but are not required. No blank pages shall be inserted into the report. All pages of the report, including the organization chart, project schedule, construction drawing, and appendices shall maintain a minimum of ½ in. margins on all sides. Body text shall be in English and use 12-point, normal width character spacing, Times New Roman or Arial font, and be at least single spaced. Section headings and subheadings may be of any legible font type or size. The hard copy of the report shall consist of a single-sided report cover, single-sided pages for the body and appendices, and a back cover. Body pages, except for the Table of Contents and Executive Summary, shall be numbered beginning with the number one (1). The Table of Contents and Executive Summary shall be limited to a total of one (1) page each, numbered with lowercase Roman numerals i and ii, respectively. Pages located in the appendices shall be numbered in such a way that the appendix and page number are clearly listed (e.g., A-1, A-2, B-1, B-2; A1, A2, B1, B2; etc.) as appropriate. Photographs, tables, line drawings, graphs, headers and footers are permitted and shall be counted as part of the page limit defined herein. Captions used shall be no less than 8 point, normal width, and any legible font type. Page 24

30 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Items such as page numbers, logos, images/designs, section headings, etc. may be incorporated into the header and footer of the pages and are not subject to the font requirements of the body text. The header and footer may be located within the margin itself (i.e., outside of the body text limits). Headers and footers are not required on the Project Schedule or Construction Drawing. Material on the report cover, appendix cover pages (if used), and Table of Contents may not be directly referred to in the body pages Format The reports must adhere to the following format, and the following must be included: a. Report Cover: A protective plastic cover is optional on top of the report cover. b. Table of Contents (Page i): Provide a Table of Contents including the various sections of the report, List of Figures, List of Tables, and List of Appendices, as appropriate. No other information, including photographs, shall be included on this page. c. Executive Summary (Page ii): Provide basic information about the team including the name and location of the school, which conference the team participates in, and the overall placement in the past three (3) years of competition. The following properties shall be provided of each mixture included in Appendix B Mixture Proportions: concrete density(ies), including both the wet (plastic) and oven-dried unit weights, concrete compressive strength(s), concrete tensile strength(s), concrete composite flexural strength(s) and concrete air content(s). Provide applicable dimensions, such as length, width, depth, and thickness. Provide the name, weight*, color(s) of the canoe, and the type(s) of primary and secondary reinforcement used. Highlight any innovative or new features of the hull design, structural analysis, mixture design, construction, project management, and sustainability, as applicable. (*For Conference Competitions only, if the canoe is not completed prior to the submission of the design report, an estimated weight is to be provided and noted as such.) d. Project and Quality Management (Pages 1 and 2): Present the method(s) of project management and present the planning process as it relates to budget, schedule, scope, and risk management (as it applies to aspects of the project other than health and safety) involved throughout the project. Discuss the financial and resource allocation associated with material procurement and construction. List major milestone activities and how these were determined and achieved. Present critical path activities and describe how this critical path was determined. Provide the total number and a breakdown of person-hours dedicated to project management, hull design, structural analysis, mixture design development, mold construction, canoe construction (research, testing, and construction), finishing, and academics (design paper, presentation, and display). Discuss the safety program implementation as it applies to both the material testing and construction of the canoe. Include sustainable aspects related to the overall project as they relate to social, economic, and environmental impacts (i.e.: other aspects not included in subsequent sections). Present a discussion of differences between the initial schedule and the actual project schedule. Discuss the quality control and quality assurance (QA/QC) plan/program implemented by the team as it relates to non-construction related aspects of the overall project. Page 25

31 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Items to consider include, but are not limited to, material procurement and compliance review, document tracking and review, training (other than paddler training), rule and RFI consensus, calculations and work product review, etc. e. Organization Chart (Page 3): Include a project team organization chart with team member names, role(s), tasks, or areas in which they made contributions at any time during the project. Include the year (Fr., So., Jr., Sr., Grad) for all members included. Indicate which two team members are the team captains. This chart may be in either portrait or landscape orientation and may include a background image or design. f. Hull Design and Structural Analysis (Pages 4 and 5): Provide a description of goals and the holistic design approach of the canoe including its geometry and structural elements. Discuss final design selections and indicate if it is a direct copy or minor modification of an existing canoe, or a new design. Provide a description and reasoning of the selected hull geometry (rocker, chine, shape, etc.) including all applicable dimensions and any specific relevant features of the design. Provide a description of the holistic approach to the analysis and material design requirements. Include quantitative results from the analysis of forces, stresses, etc. Describe loading cases (including racing, transportation, and display), support conditions, assumptions, and analysis tools used. Include material property values/design specifications for the concrete, reinforcement, and composite that must be achieved in the mixture development. If applicable, discuss how requirements for bulkheads, thwarts, ribs, or other structural elements are determined. The structural analysis conducted by the teams is to be limited to 2-D analysis only. The analysis should be based on concepts of mechanics of materials, strength of materials, and reinforced concrete design. The use of programs such as, but not limited to, MathCAD, Matlab and Microsoft Excel to perform repetitive, routine calculations is allowed. Advanced analytical methods, such as finite element, are not to be included in the Design Paper nor mentioned in the Oral Presentation. g. Development & Testing (Pages 6, 7, and 8): Provide a description of goals. Describe the baseline concrete and reinforcement materials considered and explain why this was chosen. Include quantitative test results from this baseline. Use and refer to standard test methods where possible. If this is not the final mix and reinforcement used in the construction of the canoe, describe the iterative process of going from the baseline to achieving the desired material and composite properties and explain the reasons for any adjustments. Provide the physical properties and composition of the individual aggregate sources, including specific gravity, absorption and particle size. Comment on the admixtures tested and used in preparing the concrete and explain the motivation for each selection and how they affect the final product. Include the final concrete and composite test results. Discuss any primary reinforcement considered, tested, and used and the reasons for this selection, including the motive for the layering scheme chosen. Compare the final material properties to the design specifications determined in the analysis. Discuss new or innovative ideas, materials, and methods that were implemented in the development of the concrete composite and the impacts on budget, schedule, and safety. Highlight any sustainable products that have been incorporated into the materials being used. h. Construction (Pages 9 and 10): Describe the process used for form material selection and form construction. Include the rationale for the choices made. Discuss the method(s) of mixing and placement of concrete and reinforcement along with the construction techniques to implement the layering scheme chosen. Provide a Page 26

32 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations description of the curing conditions and length of curing used. Describe the processes used for form removal, concrete finishing, and aesthetics. Include discussion of new or innovative ideas implemented in the construction of the mold and/or canoe and their impacts on budget, schedule, and safety. Discuss the quality control and quality assurance practices as they apply to concrete mixing and concrete placement during the construction of the canoe. Highlight any sustainable aspects that have been incorporated into the construction process. i. Project Schedule (Page 11): The project schedule shall be presented on a single sided 11 in. by 17 in. page in landscape orientation and folded (Standard Z-fold). The text for the project schedule does not need to meet the requirements of the body text; however, they should be of a font and size that is legible. The project schedule is a tool that should be used to help plan and successfully execute the important activities associated with the design and construction of the concrete canoe. A preliminary project schedule will be due to be submitted on Wednesday, November 1, Refer to Section 6.3 SUBMISSIONS for specific details. Include a project schedule which depicts planned (from the team s submitted preliminary schedule) and actual execution dates for all major activities and milestones and clearly denote all activities on the Critical Path. At the NCCC, judges will compare the schedule submitted on November 1, 2017, to the one submitted in the design paper. A penalty will be assessed if a Nationals attendee did not submit a preliminary schedule in November to the specified website. j. Construction Drawing (Page 12): The construction drawing shall be presented on a single sided 11 in. by 17 in. page in landscape orientation and folded (Standard Z-fold) t. The text for the construction drawing does not need to meet the requirements of the body text; however, they should be of a font and size that is legible. Include one (1) construction drawing and bill of materials for the canoe. (Example is given in Figure 6.1. The title block and bill of materials can differ in appearance if they are in a standard engineering format.) The drawing shall show isometric, elevation, plan, and typical composite cross-section views of the canoe (not the mold) with applicable dimensions and other details as needed to construct. A bill of materials listing all material quantities used to construct the canoe shall also be displayed. Materials should include, but are not limited to binding material(s), aggregate(s), admixtures(s), fibers(s), primary reinforcement, sealers, flotation material, and lettering. Additional details, cross sections, etc. may be added to clearly present construction techniques. k. Appendix A References: Parenthetical references following the format defined in 6.1 References. Past design reports, ASTM and/or other industry standards, technical software, and published material, shall be cited and properly referenced. Papers using plagiarized material shall be disqualified without appeal. l. Appendix B Mixture Proportions: A table listing any mixture of concrete used in the construction of the canoe shall be included in Appendix B. For each mixture(s) used, a Concrete Mixture Data Table (Table 3.1) shall be provided. Concrete mixes Page 27

33 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations which are different only in color pigment (other constituents and proportions are the same) shall be considered as one (1) mixture and only one (1) table shall be presented. In this instance, indicate as a note that the color varies for the mixture. One separate page for each data table shall be used. Provide a detailed, step-by-step calculation of the mixture proportion (yielded) of the canoe s primary mixture, including the determination of volumes of the concrete constituents, gravimetric air content, w/c and w/cm ratios, and wet unit weight. Show compliance with ASTM C330 volume requirement is met. Provide each step of the calculation (do not give an example calculation for determining the volume of one aggregate and then say, it can be shown that the volumes of the others are. ). The primary mixture shall be considered as either the mixture that occupies the most volume in the canoe or is considered by the team to be the main structural mixture of the canoe. (Refer to Appendix C which is a guideline for completing the table.) m. Appendix C Example Structural Calculation (3 pages total): This may be in either portrait and/or landscape orientation. Provide a detailed, step-by-step example calculation (showing all relevant equations, variables and inputs including proper units) for the determination of internal stresses based on the following scenario: Four (4) person co-ed race Paddlers are to be considered as point loads, the magnitude of which is to be determined by the team Male paddlers positioned at locations equal to 20% and 80% of the total length of the canoe (as measured from the bow) Female paddlers positioned at locations equal to 35% and 65% of the total length of the canoe (as measured from the bow) Use non-transformed cross-sectional properties (i.e., neglect the use of reinforcement and the ratio of concrete-to-reinforcement moduli). The cross-section that is to be analyzed is at the point of maximum moment under this loading condition. At a minimum, the following shall be provided in the calculation: list of all assumptions (cite references as applicable), free body diagram with all relevant point and distributed loads (canoe weight, etc.) and their respective measurements, resulting shear (V) and bending moment (M) diagrams, cross-sectional properties including applicable dimensions, moments of inertia, and location of the neutral axis, and values of the internal stresses based on the principles of the mechanics of materials. The cross-sectional properties of the representative section are to be approximated by hand calculations (i.e., the use of exact values from programs such as AutoCAD are not permitted). This portion of the calculation is limited to two (2) pages), Compare the results of the analysis of this scenario to the results of the analyses performed under the various scenarios (racing, transportation, etc.) considered by the team. Calculations for the other scenarios are not to be provided (just the results of the analyses). The results for the other scenarios can be based from computer programs used for doing the routine calculations. This portion of the calculation is limited to one (1) page. Note: Computer programs can be used for doing the routine calculations for the Structural Analysis section of this report (see Section g). This appendix is to Page 28

34 6.3 SUBMISSIONS 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations show the step-by-step calculation version of determining the stresses in the routine analysis. n. Appendix D Hull Thickness/Reinforcement and Percent Open Area Calculations (limit of 3 pages): Present the measurements and calculations of the reinforcement(s) and hull thickness for the various canoe elements (i.e., walls, ribs, gunwales, thwarts and bulkheads) as applicable (Section 4.3.1) and percent open area (Section 4.3.2). o. Appendix E Repair Procedures Report or Reconstruction Request (if necessary): If the canoe is damaged during or after the Conference Competition and repair is required, either a Repair Procedures Report or Reconstruction Request shall be included as an appendix to the report. The CNCCC disposition and supporting documentation shall be presented in Appendix D, as well. (Note: Reports submitted for Conference Competitions will not have this appendix) p. Back Cover: This cover shall be left blank. A blank piece of paper at the end is not considered a back cover. A back cover is not required for the electronic copy of the report Preliminary Project Schedule ASCE has scheduled a webinar on Fundamentals of Project Scheduling and the Critical Path Method for Wednesday, October 4, 2017 at 2 p.m. [Eastern]. To participate in this Webinar ( Or view the webinar after October 4, A preliminary project schedule will be due to be submitted by 11:59 pm [Eastern] Wednesday, November 1, All schools should upload their project schedule at: /Organizational/Department/SYM Programs/CSM/eRoom/Conf Canoe Papers This is a Read/Write link (no delete). The main folder contains a folder for each Student Conference, and within each Conference Folder is a folder for each school in that conference Acknowledgement Form The Acknowledgement Form which was provided along with these Rules and Regulations is required to be reviewed and signed off by each team to acknowledge the various requirements of ASCE Student Chapter eligibility, individual registered participant eligibility, and submissions for Conference and National Competitions including deadlines, formats and locations. The form is due by 11:59 pm [Eastern] Wednesday, November 1, 2017 (uploaded to the same folder as listed in Section 6.3.1). Page 29

35 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Conference Competition Each school shall provide five (5) bound copies of the Design Paper by the deadline set by the conference host school. Electronic copies of the Design Paper and Project Overview & Technical Addendum, in the formats listed below, are also to be provided by the deadline. The electronic copy of the Design Paper and Project Overview & Technical Addendum shall be provided as separate documents in PDF format. A copy of the Design Paper shall also be provided in a document file of the word processing program used in the creation of the PDF (such as Microsoft Word, Microsoft Publisher, Adobe InDesign, etc.). The files shall not to be password protected. Host schools are not permitted to change the requirements for submitting hard and/or electronics copies of the Design Paper and Project Overview and Technical Addendum. Submit electronic copies to the same location specified in Section The electronic submission shall be considered the official and final version of both the Design Paper and Project Overview and Technical Addendum. The hard copies and electronic submission of the Design Paper and Project Overview and Technical Addendum, must be received by the date specified by the conference host school or be subject to penalties. The CNCCC does not dictate the deadlines for submission at the Conference Competitions; however, the CNCCC recommends that the host school provides a deadline at least 3 to 4 weeks prior to the competition to give judges adequate time to review and score the papers National Competition Each school shall provide six (6) bound copies of the Design Paper and shall upload electronic copies of the Design Paper and Project Overview and Technical Addendum following directions provided in the invitation letter. The electronic files shall be in the same formats as outlined in Section All bound copies of the Design Paper must be received no later than 5:00 pm EDT, Thursday, May 24, 2018 at the following address: ASCE Student Services 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, VA Attn: 2018 NCCC The electronic submission is considered the official version of the Design Paper and Project Overview and Technical Addendum. Substitutes will not be accepted at the National Competition. The Design Paper and Project Overview and Technical Addendum must be uploaded no later than 5:00 pm EDT, Thursday, May 24, Submissions not received by the deadline will be subject to penalties. Penalties will be assessed for partial or incomplete submissions. 6.4 DESIGN PAPER DEDUCTIONS Teams shall be made aware of deductions assessed against the Design Paper and can appeal the deductions prior to the end of the competition. Section 13.7 provides further details regarding the appeal process. Page 30

36 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Figure 6.1 Construction Drawing and Bill of Materials (11 x 17) Page 31

37 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 7 PROJECT OVERVIEW AND TECHINCAL ADDENDUM CNCCC Intent The intent of this section is to provide the specifications for the Project Overview and Technical Addendum (POTA). In general, the Project Overview and Technical Addendum is intended to serve as a technical document, which contains supportive information related to the design and construction of the canoe. In addition, a Compliance Certificate is provided to certify eligibility of registered participants and provide pertinent information regarding the canoe and concrete. 7.0 GENERAL The Project Overview and Technical Addendum (POTA) is a technical document which contains supportive information related to the design and construction of the canoe including photographs of the various stages of construction and technical data sheets of the products used in the canoe. 7.1 REFERENCES The publications listed below form part of this specification to the extent referenced. The latest version of each standard shall govern wherever referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only. ASTM C39 ASTM C109 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2 in. or [50 mm]) Cube Specimens ASTM C138/C138M Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete ASTM C496 Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens 7.2 General Requirements Each team shall provide one (1) electronic copy and one (1) hard copy of the Project Overview and Technical Addendum. The electronic copy is to be submitted (uploaded) along with the Design Paper at the required competition deadlines. The hard copy is to be presented along with the Design Paper as part of the Final Product Display. The Project Overview and Technical Addendum shall contain only the information and documentation as outlined herein. All pages shall be 8 ½ in. by 11 in. with tabs (separators) and contained within a three-ring binder. A sample Project Overview and Technical Addendum can be viewed on the ASCE Concrete Canoe website s rules page ( Format The electronic copy shall be one (1) complete PDF document that includes bookmarks to the Table of Contents, Compliance Certificate, How-To, and each individual MTDS. The bookmarks for the MTDS shall be named such that they include the tab number and the product name and/or type of product (i.e.: C-5: ADVA Cast 575 (HRWR)) The following materials in the following order shall be provided: Page 32

38 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations a. Cover Page b. Table of Contents (include school name and canoe name at the top of the sheet) c. Tab A Compliance Certificate: Provide one (1) signed Compliance Certificate, limited to one (1) single-sided page. The certification shall be presented on an 8 ½ in. by 11 in. page in either portrait or landscape orientation. There are no margin requirements. Body text shall be in English and use 10- or 12-point, normal width, Times New Roman or Arial font. Any headings and subheadings may be of any font type or size. The following must be included at the minimum: 1) School Name and Canoe Name 2) A statement certifying at a minimum that: i. the construction and finishing of the canoe has been performed in complete compliance with the Rules and Regulations of the National Competition; ii. the registered participants at the Conference/National Competition are qualified student members and National Student Members of ASCE, and meet all eligibility requirements; iii. the canoe has been completely built within the current academic year; iv. the team acknowledges all Material Technical Data Sheets (MTDS) and Safety Data Sheets (SDS) have been read by the team, and v. the team acknowledges receipt of the Request for Information (RFI) Summary and that their entry complies with responses provided. 3) The names and ASCE National Member ID Numbers of all registered participants. 4) A table summarizing the following dimensions and parameters of the canoe and concrete: i. maximum length, maximum width, maximum depth, average thickness, and overall weight of the canoe ii. concrete density(ies) including both the wet (plastic) and oven-dried unit weights, concrete compressive strength(s), concrete tensile strength(s), concrete composite flexural strength(s), concrete slump(s)/spread(s), and concrete air content(s) 5) All canoe dimensions are to be reported in feet and/or inches. The weight of the canoe shall be rounded to the nearest pound. Concrete densities and strengths shall be reported in English units to the accuracies outlined in the industry standards (e.g., ASTM C39, C138, C109 and C496, etc.). Specifically, the strength shall be reported to the nearest 10 psi. The density of the hardened concrete shall be reported to the nearest 1 lb/ft 3 and the density of fresh concrete to the nearest 0.1 lb/ft 3. Slump(s)/spread(s) shall be reported to the nearest ¼ in. Air content should be reported to the nearest 0.1%. The day of testing (i.e., 7-day, 28-day, etc.) shall also be noted. Note: The weight of the canoe and the unit weight of the concrete listed on the Compliance Certificate are taken as the official weight and unit weight reported by the team. It is this information that is compared to the value recorded at the National Competition. Page 33

39 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 6) Shall be signed and dated by at least one (1) team captain and one (1) Faculty Advisor certifying that the information is valid. The phone number and address for both the team captain and the faculty advisor shall be provided. d. Tab B How To : Convey information on how the team constructed their mold and canoe. The goal is to provide a notebook on the Product Display Table for the display viewer and for future teams a How To for building a concrete canoe. This shall be accomplished with a total of up to forty (40) photographs and descriptions that illustrate the process of the design, research and development (mixture and construction techniques), planning, and physical construction of the mold and concrete canoe. Photographs shall be limited to a maximum of two (2) per single sided page. At a minimum, the following breakdown of photographs shall be used: 1) At least ten (10) of mold construction showing the fabrication of cross sections, assembly of the mold and the application of any coatings prior to canoe construction. 2) At least ten (10) of canoe construction showing concrete placement, reinforcement installation and if applicable, flotation placement. 3) At least ten (10) of finishing techniques depicting any sanding/patching and the application of sealer and/or graphics. Note: Outside of the above requirements, the remaining/additional photographs can be of things such as, but not limited to mix design testing/research, hull design research/testing, product display construction, structural analysis testing/research, etc. The idea for this section is to be able to take the entire notebook and can hand it off to future teams at the school to build off of and learn from. e. Tab C Material Technical Data Sheets (MTDS): Present MTDS for each of the materials used in the construction of the canoe, including but not limited to binders, aggregate, chemical admixtures, reinforcement, and sealers. Originals or photocopies are acceptable. Please note the Material Technical Data Sheet related to products is not the same as a Safety Data Sheet (SDS). The MTDS must provide current information clearly verifying that the materials used in the canoe comply with all the specifications (ex: a cement MTDS should show compliance with the applicable ASTM outlined in the rules). If there are multiple different products on a MTDS, circle, highlight, or identify which product is being used. In the event the information is not provided (such as proprietary reasons), a letter from the company certifying that the materials used follow the specifications shall suffice, and shall be submitted to the CNCCC for its review and approval, prior to its inclusion in the Project Overview and Technical Addendum. The letter shall be on company letterhead, state the specification being verified, and include name, title, phone number, and address of the individual(s) certifying compliance. For ease of review, it is recommended that tabs shall be provided for each material that a MTDS is being provided for labeled as C-1, C-2, C-3, etc., as appropriate (for example, C-1 Blast Furnace Slag, C-2 Class C Fly Ash, etc.). Page 34

40 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 8 ORAL PRESENTATION CNCCC Intent The intent of this section is to highlight the details of the Oral Presentation. In general, each team is to conduct a live, five (5) minute technical presentation highlighting the various aspects of the project followed by a seven (7) minute question and answer period. The presentation can be made by any of the ten (10) registered participants. Presenters include those with speaking parts, and individuals operating the computer or projectors during the course of the presentation. 8.0 GENERAL An oral presentation (maximum of 5 minutes, 5 seconds) shall be required for each participating school. The five seconds is a grace period to account for timer (stopwatch) reaction. All presentations shall be conducted in a professional manner (defined as a presentation that a professional engineer would give to a prospective client). Oral presentations shall be presented in English. Presentation order shall be randomly selected before the competition begins and shall be provided no later than the time of on-site registration. The oral presentations, including the question and answer period, shall be open to the public for viewing. An additional seven (7) minute period shall be permitted for judges questions immediately following the oral presentation. Questions are not to be permitted by members of the audience. The time required to set up equipment shall not exceed four (4) additional minutes for each school and the time required to take down shall not exceed four (4) minutes for each school. 8.1 EQUIPMENT The host school shall provide two (2) grounded power plugs, two (2) projection screens, and one (1) computer projection unit for general use during the Oral Presentation. The host school shall provide a stage diagram two (2) weeks prior to the competition. Access to the staging area may be limited. The ability to use props may be limited by this restricted access. The individual school making a presentation shall furnish any additional equipment necessary. 8.2 PRESENTERS Presenters may be any of the registered participants who officially sign-in at registration (Section 1.2). Presenters include those with speaking parts and individuals operating the computer or projectors. A minimum of two (2) people must speak during the live presentation. Teams shall make a live presentation. The use of video shall be permitted. Teams shall not prerecord any speaking parts. No handouts or other materials shall be given to the judges as part of the oral presentation. All team members participating in the presentation shall be on stage and available for judge s questions. 8.3 DEDUCTIONS Deductions will be assessed for infringements of the specifications, including but not limited to, exceeding the official time limit of 5 minutes 5 seconds (5:05), including sponsorship information (see Section 1.5) and not following the live presentation format. Page 35

41 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 9 FINAL PRODUCT (Canoe and Cutaway Section) CNCCC Intent The intent of this section is to (a) describe the various aspects of Final Product judging and (b) provide guidance to the judges on the criteria for their assessments. The Final Product is based on scores assigned by the judges on the canoe s overall aesthetic appeal and deductions for items such as the inability to pass the flotation test on the first attempt, the use of tape as a repair material for nonaccident related damage, and non-compliance with the rules and regulations 9.0 GENERAL The Final Product (canoe, cutaway section and product display) shall be consistent with the Design Report and Oral Presentation. Final Product assessment consists of assigning a score based on the canoe s overall aesthetic appeal and applying deductions based on the inability to pass the flotation test, the use of tape as a repair material for non-accident related damage, and non-compliance with the Rules and Regulations. Canoe durability is based on the use of tape as a repair material and the canoe s ability to complete the required events. Durability is assessed by the judges at the Conference Competition and by the judges and/or CNCCC at the National Competition. 9.1 AESTHETICS General Requirements Judging shall assess the aesthetic appeal of the as-built, as-delivered product. At the time of judging, gunwale caps and coverings shall be removed. Aesthetics judging may take place before or after the canoe has been certified as passing the flotation test. If judging takes place after the flotation test, teams that required additional flotation to pass the test may temporarily remove the added flotation to be judged. After judging has been concluded, the teams shall place the flotation back in its original position. Any flotation added at the Conference Competition to pass the flotation test shall remain in place for the National Competition. At the National Competition, the canoe with its added flotation shall be considered as built, as delivered and judged accordingly. For aesthetics judging, all canoes shall be assembled in a common area. Canoes shall be displayed on display stands designed to support the canoe at a height of 3 to 4 feet off the ground. No lighting, sound, or canopies shall be permitted at the time of judging Judging Criteria The judges shall assess the aesthetics/workmanship of a canoe, cutaway section, and product display (Section 10) based on his/her own criteria, but in accordance with the Final Product score sheet (Appendix A-3) Scoring Prior to aesthetics judging, each judge will receive a rating sheet that lists each canoe in the competition (Appendix A-3). For each canoe in the competition, there shall be one (1) aesthetics score from each judge. Completed sheets are to be turned in to the appropriate competition official at the end of aesthetics judging. Any attempt to influence the votes of the judges is not allowed and is cause for disqualification and immediate dismissal from the event. Judges decisions regarding this are final and may not be appealed. Page 36

42 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 9.2 DURABILITY General Requirements Canoes should be tough enough to survive the rigors of the Conference Competition, the National Competition, and transportation to and from the various events Deductions The following is the list of standard deductions that can be implemented for durability issues: a. If a tape repair is required to continue racing for reasons other than those outlined in Section 9.2.3, Limitations, an automatic 25-point deduction is assessed. b. Failure of the canoe to attempt / complete all preliminary sprint and endurance events will result in zero Final Product points. All races must be attempted with a good faith effort as to not be disqualified and receive zero points. A Did Not Finish (DNF) does not result in zero Final Product points (Section 11.5). c. The use of materials other than tape will result in the team automatically receiving zero Final Product points. If a team uses materials other than tape to repair their canoe to continue racing for fun, the team will not receive any points for races completed after that repair has been made Limitations If the damage to the canoe occurs due to a collision, deductions for the use of tape shall not be assessed against a team. In the event of damage resulting from a collision, the team must first file a Damage/Accident Report (Appendix B-3) with the judges or CNCCC and must receive written approval before any tape can be applied. This applies to all instances that tape will be added (that is, permission to use tape to repair damage in one location does not give the team the freedom to put tape elsewhere; permission is needed for each instance). Deductions do not apply to the tape used to secure a gunwale cover or added to secure flotation material necessary to pass the flotation test. 9.3 CUTAWAY SECTION A full-scale cutaway model section representative of both the raw and finished canoe shall be judged as part of the Final Product and shall be presented alongside the canoe. At least three (3) feet of the cutaway section shall demonstrate the concrete casting, finishing, and reinforcement techniques used (i.e., the three-foot section should show concrete placement and finishing in various stages). The cutaway section shall also show the mold; however, it does not count towards the required length of the cutaway section. No additional pictures or text shall be included except for labels properly identifying specific construction elements of the cutaway section. No artistic enhancements are permitted. 9.4 FINAL PRODUCT DEDUCTIONS Deductions for Final Product are based on durability issues, failure to pass the flotation test, repairs and reconstruction, and non-compliance with these Rules and Regulations. Page 37

43 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 10 PRODUCT DISPLAY CNCCC Intent The intent of this section is to describe what items are required for the Product Display. In general, teams shall provide the following: tabletop display, concrete cylinder(s), sample(s) of concrete aggregate(s), bill of materials, job safety analysis, seats and/or mats, and hard copies of the Design Paper and Project Overview and Technical Addendum GENERAL Each team shall provide a Product Display with the following configuration: a. Conference Table standard table, with maximum dimensions of 30 (W) x 96 (L) x 29 (H). Each team shall provide their own table (may include a solid color table cloth). The table shall be of the type commonly available for purchase and shall not be custom built for your display. b. Table Top Display the tabletop display, including overhangs, projections, and braces, shall fall wholly within a 30 (W) x 96 (L) x 48 (H) box. The tabletop display shall be placed on the table and provide enough space to accommodate all information and samples. It will only be viewed from only one side that opens to the front of the table REQUIRED INFORMATION AND SAMPLES The tabletop display shall: a. Present graphs, tables, figures, or other graphics to depict project management and QA/QC information. This can include items such as person hour allocation, budgetary figures (i.e.: budget allocation, projection, comparisons to previous year(s), etc.), safety program, QA/QC flow chart, etc. Brief captions may be included. See Figure 10.1 for some examples for these graphics. b. Have the following provided as part of the display: Individual sample(s) of concrete aggregate, 500 ml (min.) (Section 3.4.4) Composite sample(s) of concrete aggregate, 500 ml (min.) (Section 3.4.4) Concrete cylinder(s) of each mixture, 3 in. or 4 in. diameter, split in two halves (Section 3.4.5) Raw reinforcement samples (Section 4.4.1) One (1) hard-copy of Design Paper (Section 6) One (1) hard-copy of the Project Overview and Technical Addendum (Section 7) Have the following, readily available for compliance checking Seats/mats for measurement check (Section 2.6) Concrete cylinder(s) of each concrete mixture, 3 in. or 4 in. diameter in oven-dried condition, for unit weight verification (Section 3.4.5) c. Provide a bill of materials (BOM) and production cost estimate. The BOM shall list the name, quantity, unit price (market price if donated), and total cost of each material used for the construction of the canoe. Materials should include, but are not limited to binding material(s), aggregate(s), admixtures(s), fibers(s), reinforcement, sealers, flotation material, and lettering. Page 38

44 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations PROJECT MANAGEMENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION Paddling Practice 1000 hours* 31% Canoe Project Person Hour Breakdown With Paddling 3250* Total Person Hours Proj. Mgmt. 150 hours* 5% Hull Design 80 hours 2% Structural Analysis 120 hours 4% Mix Design Development 500 hours 15% Canoe Project Person Hour Breakdown Without Paddling 2250* Total Person Hours Academics 300 hours* 13% Project Management 150 hours* 7% Hull Design 80 hours 4% Structural Analysis 120 hours 5% Mix Design Development 500 hours 22% Academics 300 hours* 9% Finishing 700 hours* 22% Canoe Fabrication Testing & Canoe Construction 400 hours 12% Finishing 700 hours* 31% Canoe Fabrication Testing & Canoe Construction 400 hours 18% Figure 1: Person Hours with Paddling - The person hour breakdown shows the distribution of all of the 3250 person hours for the project. By including paddling practice, it accounts for nearly 1/3 of the overall person hours. Note that some of the categories are estimated hours, as they are still ongoing activities. SAFETY FLOW CHART START HERE Figure 2: Person Hours without Paddling - The person hour breakdown shows the distribution of all of the non-paddling practice person hours. The Construction Team related activities (Finishing and Canoe Fabrication Testing & Canoe Construction) accounted for 49% of the overall non-paddling person hours. Note that some of the categories are estimated hours, as they are still ongoing activities. SAFETY PROCESS #1 Description 1 SAFETY PROCESS #2 Description 2 YES SAFETY DECISION NO SAFETY PROCESS #3 Description 3 END SAFETY PROCESS #4 Description 4 Figure 3: Safety Flow Chart - The above flow chart dipicts the safety process used while using and handling all of the various mix design components to ensure a safe working environment. Concrete Canoe Project Budget Allocation & Comparison Concrete Canoe Project Total Budget Allocation $1600 $ Final 2016 Budget 2016 Actual $5000 $ Final $ Budget $ Actual $4150* $1200 $4000 Financial Distribution $1000 $800 $600 $3500 $3000 $2500 $2000 $400 $1500 $200 $1000 $500 $0 Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Area 4 Area 5 Area 6 Financial Distribution Areas Figure 4: Project Budget Allocation & Comparison - The Project Management team used the 2015 Final Budget as a guideline while determining the 2016 Budget. Note there are a few areas that are estimated 2016 Actual budgetary numbers, as these areas still have ongoing expenses. $0 Total Budget Figure 5: Project Total Budget Allocation - In an effort to try and limit expenditures, the team's overall budget was reduced from the 2015 Final expenditures. The 2016 Actual expenditures is currently estimated to come in under budget by approximately 15% from last year's expenses. * indicates estimate Figure 10.1 Example Graphics for Final Product Display Page 39

45 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations A lump sum cost shall be provided for the mold used in the construction of the canoe. Notes can be provided indicating that the cost covers materials such as lumber, hardware (screws, nails, etc.), foam, fiberglass, gel and epoxy coats, etc. as applicable. A detailed itemization (such as number of screws or lengths of lumber) is not to be provided. Costs associated with engineering, testing, construction (labor and equipment), prototypes, etc. are not to be included in the cost of the material or be provided as a separate item. Unit prices should not include any mark-up or overhead and profit. An example of a Bill of Material table is provided in Table Teams may format the table as appropriate. d. A safety analysis of one task completed during the construction of your canoe or mold is required to be displayed on your final product display. See Appendix D for the Job Hazard Analysis Form that is to be filled out and displayed. Table 10.1 Bill of Materials and Production Cost Estimate (Example) Material Quantity Unit Cost Total Price Portland Cement, Type III lbs $ / lbs $ Fly Ash, Class C lbs $ / lbs $ Slag, Grade 120 lbs $ / lbs $ Aggregate A lbs $ / lbs $ Aggregate B lbs $ / lbs $ Welded Wire Mesh sq. ft. $ / sq. ft. $ Vinyl Lettering Lump Sum $ $ Sealer gal. $ / gal $ Wooden Mold, complete Lump Sum $ $ Total Production Cost $ 10.2 RESTRICTIONS a. Displays must be designed to be self-supporting and may be secured to the table. Nothing shall be taped, mounted or attached in any form or manner to the walls, doors, or floors, etc. b. Displays shall not include electronic devices (such as, but not limited to, laptops, lighting, sound or video equipment, radios, loudspeakers or any other noise-creating devices). c. No sponsor-related items (such as sponsor list, logos, etc.) shall be part of the display DEDUCTIONS Any product display that is not in compliance with this section shall be subject to a deduction in Final Product. Page 40

46 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 11 RACE RULES and REGULATIONS 11.0 GENERAL A total of five (5) races shall typically be held: women s endurance (2 women), men s endurance (2 men), women s sprint (2 women), men s sprint (2 men), and co-ed sprint (2 men and 2 women) RACE RULES The following general rules apply to the paddlers: a. Good faith efforts are made to start and finish all races. Should issues arise that may compromise the structural integrity of the canoe or the safety of the paddlers, teams must exercise good judgment in determining the best course of action (ensuring safety and maintaining structural integrity; not attempting to circumvent the Rules on technicalities). Head Judges are to be advised of all issues that arise (such as structural damage) in a timely manner so that they are aware of the situation and knowledgeable of the course of action to be undertaken. b. Teams shall use the same individuals in both the preliminary and final heats of any race. c. If a paddler is injured prior to a preliminary race, a substitution may be made. This substitute paddler shall be one of the original five (5) of the same gender registered on the team. d. In the event of an injury that prevents a paddler from further competition after the preliminary race has been completed, the injured person or a substitute shall be in the canoe in subsequent races. However, this person or these persons shall not be allowed to paddle. The substitute passenger shall be one of the original five (5) of the same gender registered on the team. e. If a team cannot field the proper number of paddlers of the required gender, substitute passengers of opposite gender shall be allowed, but these substitutes shall not be allowed to paddle. Substitute passengers shall be of the team s registered participants. Teams competing in the distance races shall compete against the clock in a timed single event. All other races shall include timed preliminaries and finals. The top five canoes advance to the grand final and the next five canoes advance to the petite final based on qualifying times in the preliminaries, grand final and a petite final based on the top ten (10) qualifying times from the preliminaries. Points shall be awarded based on the finish times in the finals. If finals cannot be conducted or the host school determines before the race competition starts that separate finals heats will not be run; the preliminary times shall be used as the final times. For all sprint races, if a team qualifies for a final event but cannot start an event, that team does not receive points and the team s slot is conceded to the team with the next best preliminary sprint time. For final sprint races, if a team starts a race in a canoe deemed race-worthy by the judges, but is unable to complete the race, they are awarded the points corresponding to completing the race last in their final. In a situation where all the race events cannot be conducted (for example, the distance races were completed but the sprint races could not be completed), the race scores (Section 13.4) for Page 41

47 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations all of the completed races shall be accounted for in the overall competition score. By no means should the race scores be adjusted to account for races not held/completed. In a situation where none of the race events can take place, the overall competition score shall be based solely on the results of the academic portion of the competition (Design Paper, Oral Presentation, and Final Product) with the maximum possible score being 75 points Conference Competitions Depending on the number of entrants at the conference competitions, host schools shall decide on having grand and petite finals for the various sprint races. The host school shall inform all teams prior to the competition if both preliminaries and finals will be held or if the sprint races will be based on the best times in the preliminaries Lane Position and Heat Assignments Lane position and heat assignments shall be randomly selected before the competition begins and shall be provided at registration. Course and turn directions shall be announced as soon as they can be determined by the course layout and site conditions. The conference and national host schools shall provide a diagram or map to the participants outlining the layout of the course prior to the races Sportsmanship Commonly accepted rules of sportsmanship shall prevail. There shall be strict enforcement of racing etiquette by the CNCCC and the judges. Any canoe willfully interfering with the performance of any other canoe or participant in a race shall be automatically disqualified. Any use of paddles to intentionally strike at an opponent s canoe, or at any person, shall be cause of disqualification of the offending team from the event. Good sportsmanship, cooperation, fellowship, and the spirit of competition shall be strictly adhered to. Spectators interfering with the performance of contestants shall be asked to leave and may cause the disqualification of affiliated contestants. Contestants or spectators interfering with the performance of the competition, judges ruling, or protests, may cause the disqualification of the affiliated school Interference In situations where there is lane interference and/or when canoes collide, paddlers must immediately STOP, hold paddles above their heads and discontinue racing. If interference occurs at the Conference Competition, the team captain shall appeal directly to the head judge. During the National Competition, a team captain will make their appeal to the appointed CNCCC member who will confer with the judges. Once presented with the appeal, the judges shall: a. Disqualify a team that has willfully interfered with another team. (If the interference is not deliberate, then the team should not be disqualified). b. Disqualify a team that willfully fails to adhere to course boundaries resulting in interference with another canoe. (If the interference is not deliberate, then the team should not be disqualified). c. Allow any team(s) directly affected by interference the option to rerun the heat in a timed event. Times from the rerunning of the heat shall be used as the official time for the heat. Page 42

48 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Heats shall be rerun after a minimum of ten (10) minutes to allow paddlers to prepare themselves. If paddlers fail to immediately stop, raise paddles and continue to race, they cannot claim interference and will not be granted an opportunity to rerun their race Appeals Requests for rule interpretations and/or appeals during Conference Competition shall be presented to the Conference Head Judge by the designated team captain(s). Requests for rule interpretations and/or appeals during the National Competition shall be presented to the CNCCC by the designated team captain(s). Such request or appeals must be lodged before the start of the next heat or in the case of the distance races, before the next three (3) canoes finish the race. Appeals shall be made by a team captain. The decisions made by the judges and/or CNCCC concerning all aspects of the race and judging shall be final. Conference head judges may contact the CNCCC to clarify rule interpretations and to discuss appeals that have been lodged by team captains SAFETY Safety Guidelines Participant safety is always the first priority. When scheduling and planning the races, consider all safety hazards, depending on location and circumstances, plan accordingly to mitigate them and decide what conditions would cause races to be cancelled. Each competition host has the authority to require safety equipment or procedures beyond the general requirements established for the National Competition. The recommendations below identify many common hazards, but not all eventualities are covered. It is strongly recommended that each hosting site perform a comprehensive evaluation of specific hazards and develop their own safety plan. In addition, equivalent safety procedures should be used during team practices in the weeks and months prior to the canoe races. Multiple boats should always be used when there is cold or rough water risk, such that swamped paddlers will not be in the water for more than a few minutes. Consider installing additional flotation such as air bags or foam for practice boats as well. Cold water can cause impaired judgment, loss of coordination and hypothermia within minutes. Paddlers, already excited about the races, may make unreasonably poor decisions when cold and becoming hypothermic. The American Canoe Association (reference below) recommends wetsuits for water temperatures less than 60 F and/or if the combined air and water temperatures are less than 120 F. Consider requiring wetsuits (full-body, sleeveless, or shortie depending on severity) and more safety boats to get paddlers out of the water quickly. Wind and waves, currents, obstruction and other rough water can more easily swamp and break canoes. Carefully evaluate the proposed race site during a variety of weather conditions to have a good sense for how the water behaves. Depending on seasonal weather conditions, water may be higher or lower. For the canoes, consider requiring integrated grab handles, provisions for tied-in air bags (common flotation for whitewater canoes), and more stringent flotation requirements. Just like cold water, more safety boats may be required. Hazardous wildlife in and out of the water can cause anything from skin irritations and allergic reactions to more serious lacerations. Be sure to alert participants and monitor activities carefully. Page 43

49 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Lightning and storms are also very dangerous. Monitor the weather and remove everyone from the water when lightning and/or strong storms threaten Powered Rescue Boat At least one and preferably two powered rescue boats shall be on the water during all the races. If a powered rescue boat is not available, the races shall not take place. Consider having more powered (or non-powered) safety boats with competent operators for paddler assistance. In many circumstances, having another boat to stabilize and assist a swamped canoe until a larger powered rescue boat can retrieve them is very helpful. Occasionally more than one canoe at a time needs assistance as well Safety Director A safety director shall be in a strategic position to observe the activities, especially those near the starting and docking area. The safety director is responsible for stopping all activities involving violations of any of the safety rules. In addition, the safety director is responsible for briefing paddlers on all known hazards prior to any paddling or racing, and as conditions warrant throughout the race competition Canoe Safety All canoes shall be able to pass a flotation test before entry in the races (Section ); otherwise, it shall not be permitted to compete. If flotation materials are necessary to pass the flotation test, the canoe shall contain the same flotation materials during the race (Section ). Any entry deemed unsafe or hazardous by the judges shall not be permitted in the water unless corrective measures are taken. If corrective measures are not or cannot be made the entry shall be disqualified from further competition. If repairs must be made to an entry prior to any race, the judges may allow the entry to reschedule for a later heat, but prior to the next event Paddler Safety All paddlers shall be competent swimmers. All Paddlers shall wear a US Coast Guard-approved inherently buoyant (no inflatables) Type I, II or III Personal Flotation Device (life jacket) always while in a canoe during competition and/or practice. Wet suit buoyancy pads shall not be used as a substitute for the Coast Guard approved Personal Flotation Device. Based on the guidelines in (Section ) above, additional requirements may be added as appropriate. Containers or objects not required for safe operations shall not be permitted in canoes Additional Safety References Following are a couple references to documents from the American Canoe Association ( for further reading and planning race day safety. American Canoe Association (2014). Best Practices for Paddlers and Paddlesport Programs [PDF document] URL Page 44

50 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations American Canoe Association (2014). Cold Water Survival [PDF document] RACE COURSE General Requirements The bow of the canoe shall remain the bow of the canoe throughout each race in consideration of a successful negotiation of a turn or finish buoy. Different colored buoys shall mark the racecourse lanes. The Endurance and Sprint courses must meet the alignment, distance, spacing, and turns as noted in Sections and , respectively. Figure 11.1 and Figure 11.2 provide recommended course layouts; however, these are subject to site-specific conditions and limitations meter Endurance Course The endurance course shall consist of the following subject to site conditions: a. A total of 600 meters in distance with a minimum of two (2) turns. b. At Conference Competitions, the course shall begin with a slalom course consisting of seven (7) buoys. Each slalom buoy shall be staggered 5 meters transversely from each other. Buoys shall be longitudinally spaced at 10 meters with 20 meters between the third and fourth buoy. c. At the National Competition, the CNCCC reserves the right to modify the location and layout of the slalom portion of the course and 400-meter Sprint Course A sprint course shall consist of the following subject to site conditions: 11.4 RACE PENALTIES a. The men s and women s sprint course will be a 200-meter race consisting of a straight course 100 meters out, a 180 turn, and 100 meters back. b. The co-ed race will be a 400-meter race and shall consist of two (2) laps of the sprint course. c. Lanes shall be no narrower than 15 meters. A buoy is successfully negotiated when the entire canoe passes on the proper side of the buoy. A canoe may touch a buoy but the top of the buoy must stay above the waterline on the proper side of the canoe until the canoe has entirely passed. A canoe s time shall not be considered final until all buoys have been properly negotiated. The following corresponding penalties shall be assessed as defined below: a. A canoe that crosses the finish line in the wrong lane shall be assessed a 30-second time penalty for that event. Page 45

51 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations b. All turn buoys must be properly negotiated or the team shall be disqualified for that event. Teams must properly negotiate all turn buoys in the endurance race. A sprint turn must be negotiated within the assigned lane. A 30-second time penalty will be assessed for each missed slalom buoy. All slalom buoys must be attempted. If a team chose to simply bypass the buoys to save time they will receive a DNF (Section 11.5) and zero (0) points for that race. c. For a team to successfully finish a given race, the bow of the canoe must cross the finish line with the same number of paddlers (in the canoe or touching the canoe) with which the race began. d. Safety officials reserve the right to use their best judgment to remove a swamped canoe and paddlers from the racecourse if the situation warrants DID NOT FINISH (DNF) If a canoe cannot complete a given race but is found to be seaworthy enough to continue to compete (a typical example is when a canoe becomes submerged during a race), then the team will be given a Did Not Finish (DNF) for that race. A DNF shall also be applied as defined in Section 11.4.b. There may be other circumstances not outlined within these Rules and Regulations where a DNF may be applicable. Judges shall contact the CNCCC to determine whether a DNF should be applied. Seaworthiness is defined by a canoe that has (1) little to no structural damage or (2) structural damage that has been sufficiently repaired to the judge s and/or the CNCCC s satisfaction regarding safety and subjected to another flotation test. If damage occurred in the last race event of the day for the team, the seaworthiness of the canoe must still be demonstrated. If repairs to the canoe are needed to demonstrate seaworthiness, they must be made by the team. DNF results in zero points for a given race. It does not result in zero (0) points in Final Product. Page 46

52 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Note: Figure above depicts that canoes must go up one lane and upon negotiating the turning buoy will go down the lane directly next to it (i.e., a canoe should not finish the race in the same lane it started in.) Figure 11.1 Sprint Race Course Layout Page 47

53 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Figure 11.2 Endurance Race Course Layout (Example Layout) Page 48

54 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 12 NATIONAL QUALIFYING RULES 12.0 GENERAL To maintain the competition of the event in addition to creating a more uniform system for national qualification, it shall be mandatory that the Conference Competitions adopt and comply with the following sections applicable to the National Competition: Section 1 GENERAL RULES AND ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS; All except Sections 1.3. Section 2 CANOE; Section 3 CONCRETE; Section 4 REINFORCEMENT; Section 5 FINISHING; Section 6 DESIGN PAPER; Section 7 PROJECT OVERVIEW AND TECHINCAL ADDENDUM ; Section 8 ORAL PRESENTATION; Section 9 FINAL PRODUCT; Section 10 FINAL PRODUCT DISPLAY; Section 11 RACE RULES AND REGULATIONS; and Section 13 OVERALL SCORING; All APPEAL PROCESS The Conference Competition judges shall settle all appeals from their competition, decide the Conference Competition winner, and distribute awards based on scores that have been checked and officially ratified by the Conference Head Judge (Section ). This is the only formal appeal process available for the Conference Competition. Section 13.7 covers the appeal process and rule clarification that shall be implemented at the Conference and National Competitions. The CNCCC will not entertain any appeals filed by the teams after the Conference Competition nor will they overturn any of the judges decisions ASCE MEMBERSHIP Concrete Canoe Competition team members at the Conferences shall be members of an ASCE Student Organization affiliated with their university. Registered participants for the National Concrete Canoe Competition shall be ASCE National Student Members with a membership status of active and shall provide valid ASCE ID numbers with the submittal of the registration materials. Team members whose memberships are not of active status will not be allowed to participate as registered participants. Page 49

55 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Section 13 OVERALL SCORING 13.0 GENERAL Scoring for the competition is divided into four (4) events: 13.1 COMPETITION POINTS FOR ACADEMIC JUDGING Competition Points for Design Paper, Oral Presentation and Final Product are awarded per Appendix A Judges Score Sheets. Deductions assessed for Design Paper, Oral Presentation and Final Product are also provided in Appendix A. For the Design Paper, Oral Presentation and Final Product, the event points for a given judge (i.e. raw score) will result in an independent ranking from 1st to nth place (with n being equal to the number of teams competing) for each category. The independent rankings of the judges will then be averaged to determine the overall score for the entry. Raw scores will be used in the event of tiebreaker (Section 13.3). For example, assume a team receives scores of 90, 87, 94, 83, and 90 for the Design Paper which when compared to scores given to other teams by the same judge, results in independent rankings of 2nd, 3rd, 1st, 2nd, and 4th places, respectively. The average ranking will be 2.4. The average ranking of all teams shall then be compared to determine the overall placement in each category. An official electronic scoresheet is provided to host schools and shall be used at all Conference Competitions. This electronic score sheet will be available on February 17, 2018 at Number of Judges Maximum Event Competition Points 1. Academic Judging - Design Paper Academic Judging - Oral Presentations Academic Judging - Final Product Races (5 races) Each event shall be evaluated by a panel of judges. The minimum number of judges for any given event is three (3) and the maximum is five (5). It is ASCE s intent that all the competition events are judged by the same panel of judges and by the same number of judges. The head judge must be available for all aspects of the competition and is required to judge each of the events. The judges for the Conference Competitions are selected by the conference host school (preferably with assistance from the local ASCE Section or Branch). It is the responsibility of the host school for ensuring that an adequate number of judges are available for the competition. The judges for the National Competition are selected by ASCE. The national panel will be comprised of five (5) judges, one of which is selected from a previous year s competition to serve as the returning head judge. Page 50

56 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 13.2 RANKING Placing for each event shall be determined by the ranking of the overall scores. In the event of a tie, the average of the raw scores will determine the actual placing. If the tie remains after averaging the raw scores, then the tie will remain. Competition points shall be determined by dividing points for the positions involved in the tie. For example, if a second-place tie occurs in the Design Paper event, points for second and third places will be averaged and awarded to the tied teams, if a tie remains after an average of the raw scores. The team with the next highest score will receive points for fourth place TIEBREAKER (FINAL OVERALL STANDINGS) Ties in the final standings for the competition overall shall be broken. In such cases, a tie breaking score, TBS, shall be calculated according to the following formula: where: DPP = design paper event points for a given judge (Appendix A-1), OPP = oral presentation event points for a given judge (Appendix A-2), FPP = final product (aesthetics) event points for a given judge (Appendix A-3), NOJ = number of judges, and RP = unmodified race points. No judge s score shall be dropped when calculating these points. The calculation of the TBS shall not change the standings for team placement in any given academic scoring part. Of the teams tied for overall winner or overall second place, the team with the highest TBS shall be awarded the place in contention. If a tie still exists for first and/or second place after the tie breaking scores have been determined, then the judges shall determine the overall winner for the competition position. The judges may choose to base their decision on whatever criteria they deem appropriate including but not limited to their subjective evaluation of determination, dedication, sportsmanship, enthusiasm, and overall comportment. The judges criteria and decision shall be final and may not be appealed COMPETITION POINTS Competition points will be allotted per place according to the following table: Academic Events Race Events Men s & Place Design Oral Final Coed Endurance Women s Paper Pres. Product Sprints Sprints First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth Tenth Page 51

57 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 13.5 RACES For the endurance race, no points are awarded a team that does not finish or does not race. For all sprint races, if a team qualifies for a final event but cannot start an event, that team does not receive points and the team s slot is conceded to the team with the next best preliminary sprint time. For final sprint races, if a team starts a race in a canoe deemed race-worthy by the judges, but is unable to complete the race, they are awarded the points corresponding to completing the race last in their final No Races Conducted If none of the race events can take place (bad weather or unsafe racing conditions), the overall competition score shall be based solely on the results of the academic portion of the competition (Design Paper, Oral Presentation, and Final Product) with a maximum possible score of 75 points Partial Completion of Races If all the race events cannot be conducted/completed, only the scores for all the completed races (i.e., each school participated in the event) shall be accounted for in the overall competition score. The race scores should not be adjusted to account for the races not conducted/completed SUMMARY OF DEDUCTIONS / DISQUALIFICATION General These deductions may also be referenced in other sections of these rules and regulations and/or the scoring sheets. It is highly suggested that the judges contact the CNCCC regarding situations that may not be covered in the rules to determine the appropriate course of action Disqualification Teams may be disqualified from the competition for the following: a. Failure to follow student eligibility requirements (Section 1.2.1) b. Violations under the Spirit of the Competition [at the discretion of the CNCCC and/or Judges] (Section 1.9) or under the Ethics and the Competition (Section 1.6) c. Failure to follow academic year, rebuilding, and material requirements (Sections 2 through 5). d. Sportsmanship and interference requirements (Sections and ) e. Failure to follow safety rules (Sections 11.2) Standardized Deductions To ensure fair and consistent judging throughout the Competitions, the deductions are standardized and apply only to the relevant competition event. Page 52

58 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 13.7 APPEAL OF DEDUCTIONS During the competitions, the judges and/or CNCCC shall inform the team captains about the deductions that have been assessed against their canoe and/or team. The team captains will then be afforded the opportunity to appeal the deductions through a written response that will then be reviewed by the judges. Designated team captains are the only individuals that may appeal the deductions. The decisions of the judges following their review are final and the judges will accept no further appeals beyond those decisions. The judges may contact the CNCCC to ensure that the proper deductions are made and for any additional guidance. The CNCCC will not consider any appeals beyond the Conference Competition, nor will it overturn any of the conference judges decisions regarding the deductions assessed against a given team. The following sections detail the process of teams being informed of the deductions, the team captain s appeal (if they choose to do so), and the rendering of the final decision of the judges following their review of the appeal Design Paper Following the scoring of the Design Paper, the judges shall come to a consensus of which deductions as listed on the Design Paper Deduction Score Card (Appendix A-7), if any, shall be assessed against a team. On the first day of the competition, the Head Judge or CNCCC member shall provide the team captains a copy of the Design Paper Deduction Score Card indicating which deductions, including their point value, are being applied and a Request for Clarification and Appeals Form (Appendix B-4 or B-5). If the team chooses to appeal the deductions, the team captains will have until the date/time specified to submit to the Head Judge or CNCCC member the completed Design Paper Deduction Score Card (with signature), Request for Clarification and Appeals Form and any supporting documentation. The judges shall review the appeal, render their final decision, and inform the team captains of the decision prior to the completion of the day s events or the Awards Presentation, whichever comes first. Upon being informed of the judges decision, no further appeal may be filed Final Product Aesthetics Judging Immediately following the aesthetics judging of the team s Final Product, the judges shall come to a consensus of which standardized deductions as listed on the Final Product Deduction Score Card (Appendix A-8), if any, shall be assessed against a team. The head judge or CNCCC member shall immediately provide the team captains a Final Product Deduction Score Card indicating which deductions, including their point value, are being applied and a Request for Clarification and Appeals Form (Appendix B-4 or B-5). If the team chooses to appeal the deductions, the team captains will have until the date/time specified to submit to the Head Judge or CNCCC member the completed Final Product Deduction Score Card (with signature), Request for Clarification and Appeals Form and any supporting documentation. The judges shall review the appeal, render their final decision, and inform the team captains of the decision prior to the completion of the day s events or the Awards Presentation, whichever comes first. Upon being informed of the judges decision, no further appeal may be filed Page 53

59 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Durability Following the completion of the endurance races and the preliminary sprint races, all of the canoes shall be removed from the water, assembled in a common place, and inspected by the judges and/or CNCCC members for the usage of tape as a repair material. Team captains shall be present with their canoes at the time of inspection and shall have with them any Damage/Accident Report (Appendix B-3) including written permission for any tape that is applied to the canoe. Any tape that is applied to the canoe, without written permission, is subject to deduction. Tape used to secure gunwale protective caps/coverings and tape used to secure additional flotation material in order to pass the flotation test does not apply in this instance. The team captain shall be informed verbally if a point deduction is being assessed. The decision of the judges and/or CNCCC members is final and is not subject to appeal Race Events Endurance If any penalties (Section 11.4) have been assessed against a team during the endurance race, the head judge or CNCCC member shall immediately inform the team captain of the infraction and its deduction at the completion of the team s race. The team captains may lodge a verbal appeal before the next three (3) canoes finish the race. Following the review of the appeal, the decision of the judges and CNCCC concerning all aspects of the race shall be final Sprints If any penalties (Section 11.4) have been assessed against a team during the sprint race, the head judge or CNCCC member shall immediately inform the team captain of the infraction and its deduction at the completion of the team s heat. The team captains may lodge a verbal appeal before the start of the next heat. Following the review of the appeal, the decision of the judges and CNCCC concerning all aspects of the race shall be final. Page 54

60 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Design Paper 25% of Overall Score School Name: Canoe Name: Possible Points Score (whole numbers) Project and Quality Management (per Section d.) PM Application (effectively understands and communicates CPM) (15 points) Project Schedule - Completeness (per Section i.) (5 points) Organization Chart - Completeness (per Section e.) (5 points) Discussion of overall QA/QC program for the entire project (10 points) Hull Design and Structural Analysis (per Section f.) Discussion of hull design and reasoning for design choices (10 points) Modeling (appropriateness of loading cases, applied loads, support conditions, model geometry) (5 points) Conclusions (appropriateness, validity, and importance of goal properties selected) (10 points) Development and Testing (per Section g.) Testing program (tests used for individual materials and composite action and execution and validity of those tests) (10 points) Development (understands relationship between mix component properties and proportions and achieving design goal based on analysis) (10 points) Conclusions (appropriateness, validity, and importance of test results achieved) (10 points) Sustainability (5 points) Construction (per Section h.) Construction Application (construction process and techniques, QA/QC, finishing/aesthetics) (15points) Construction Drawing - Clarity (ease of understanding the drawing) and completeness (per Section j.) (5 points) Sustainability (5 points) Appendix Sustainability B Mixture (5 points) Proportions Completeness of Mixture Design Tables (5 points) Thoroughness of calculation & Correct Math (15 points) Appendix C Sample Structural Calculation Thoroughness of calculation & Correct Math (20 points) 20 Appendix D Hull Thickness/Reinforcement and Percent Open Area Thoroughness of calculation & Correct Math (5 points) 5 Innovation Incorporation of new, innovative ideas and concepts in the development of the 15 canoe design, concrete mixture, construction, etc. (15 points) Overall Presentation Effective Use of Graphics, Tables, Charts & Quality of Writing (10 points) 20 Conciseness and Clarity (10 points) Subtotal 200 Academic Judging - Design Paper Total Appendix A A-1

61 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Oral Presentation 25% of Overall Score School Name: Canoe Name: Presenters Preparation Level (10 points) Confidence/Voice Projection (6 points) Overall Demeanor (4 points) Possible Points 20 Score (whole numbers) Presentation Quality of Audio/Visuals (10 points) Content (20 points) Professionalism (10 points) Judges Questions Preparation/Expertise in Answers (20 points) Confidence Level (10 points) Conciseness of Answers (10 points) Comments: Subtotal 100 Deductions: Failure to observe time limit: A 15-point penalty shall be assessed when the official time exceeds 5 minutes 5 seconds (5:05). An additional 15-point deduction shall be assessed for exceeding each additional minute or fraction thereof on the official timer s clock, i.e., 6:00, 7:00, etc. (Section 8.3). Failure to have at least 2 presenters: 15 points Sponsorship or commercialism violation: 15 points Failure to adhere to live presentation format: No Oral Presentation Points Academic Judging - Oral Presentation Total Appendix A A-2

62 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations FINAL PRODUCT AESTHETICS SCORE CARD Evaluation Sheet from Judge: Refer to Sections and and the following page regarding judging criteria and scoring. Enter a numeric value (whole numbers) in category and tally the total score. Name of School Canoe Workmanship (0 to 30 Points,) Exterior and Interior Finish (0 to 30 Points) Cross- Section Workmanship (0 to 20 Points) Product Display (0 to 20 Points) Total (100 pts. max) Appendix A A-3

63 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations FINAL PRODUCT AESTHETICS Below are a list of descriptions, guidelines, and things to consider while judging the Final Product Aesthetics. Note that these are not to be thought of as an all-inclusive list. Ultimately, it is up to each individual judge to provide a score for each category and provide consistent scoring from school to school. Canoe Workmanship The intent of Canoe Workmanship is to evaluate the build quality of a canoe and the ability to withstand the rigors of transportation and racing. Most items in this category are related to the construction of the canoe itself. While conducting the durability check during races, consider how well the canoe has withstood the races and if needed, consider revising the Canoe Workmanship score accordingly. Some things to consider include, but are not limited to: are there noticeable cold joints in the concrete; the lumpiness of the concrete; the consistency of the wall thickness; the consistency of concrete color(s); the consistency of concrete materials (i.e. are there clumps of fibers visible, are there other areas the concrete was clearly not mixed well, etc.); is there is any cracking or micro-cracking; is any reinforcement mesh visible; if there is any concrete chipped off (either due to poor construction or mishandling of the finished canoe); are there any other general quality control issues Exterior and Interior Finish The intent of the Exterior and Interior Finish is to mostly evaluate the post-construction processes and general aesthetics. Some things to consider include, but are not limited to: the smoothness of the finish; if there are noticeable voids/ bug holes in the concrete; the intricacy of graphics; how clean the edges of the graphics are; the execution of various techniques used for creating the aesthetics (i.e. colored concrete, sand blasting, 3-D elements, etc.); evaluation of the overall theme and how it fits with the aesthetics/graphics Cross-Section Workmanship The intent of the Cross-Section Workmanship is to evaluate how well the cross-section represents all the processes and materials used to fabricate the canoe. Some things to consider include, but are not limited to: is the cross-section full scale and a minimum of 3 feet of concrete shown (the mold should be included, but the mold does not count towards 3 feet); is the cross-section representative of the construction process actually used; are all the layers of concrete shown and demonstrate the concrete casting process; are all the materials used shown (i.e. reinforcement, mold, graphics application, sealer, etc); are all the processes clearly labeled; if applicable, are there any components highlighting new or innovative processes; is the entire process from start to finish easy to follow Continued on next page Appendix A A-4

64 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Product Display The intent of the Product Display is to evaluate how creatively and effectively the table top display showcases the overall big picture of the entire canoe/cross-section/table display setup while incorporating all the required display items. Some things to consider include, but are not limited to: how the table top display is organized and is it easy to find various components; are all the required sample items present and of proper size; are the items labeled and easy to read; is the bill of materials presented and is it complete and organized; is the safety analysis sheet completed properly; is the information related to QA/QC and project management complete, organized, and easy to follow; if applicable, are there any components highlighting new or innovative processes; if there are more than the required items on the table top display, do they help to provide insight to various tests or research performed during the project; are the table top display, cross-section, and canoe stands effectively integrating the canoe theme Appendix A A-5

65 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations INSTRUCTIONS - DEDUCTION SCORE CARDS Instructions: 1. The Conference/National Judges shall come to a consensus on the determination of any infractions made by the team regarding the competition event (i.e., Design Paper and Final Product.). 2. Judges shall circle the point value of the deduction in the Deduction column. The points of the deductions for the infractions are standardized (i.e., cannot be higher or lower than what is prescribed). 3. The Head Judge shall tally the deductions and initial his/her name next to it. At the National Competition, a CNCCC member may tally the deductions in lieu of the Head Judge; however, the judges will make the determination of the infractions. 4. The total amount of deductions can exceed 100 points. 5. The Head Judge (or CNCCC member) shall provide all team captains with these forms to inform them of the deductions being assessed against them. Teams with no deductions will also be provided with these forms to assure anonymity. 6. The team captains shall indicate if they agree with the infractions and deductions or if they wish to appeal any of the infractions by signing the form. Teams that wish to appeal the infractions shall be given a reasonable amount of time to review the rules, obtain their supportive documentation, and provide the judges with their response. Teams are strongly cautioned to be able to substantiate their appeals. 7. The Head Judge (or CNCCC member) shall indicate the day and time (deadline) that the team captains have to submit the completed and signed form to the judges or CNCCC member. 8. Following the receipt of the form, the judges shall re-evaluate any infractions that the teams may appeal given the supportive documentation that they provide, and render their final decision on the form. The Head Judge shall input the official total deduction, sign off on the form, and inform the team captains of the judges decision. Once this is done, no further appeals regarding this matter will be entertained. 9. All appeals shall be handled prior to the Awards Ceremony. The final tally shall be inputted on the paper copy of the score sheet and in the electronic score sheet which is then officially ratified by the Head Judge. At the National Competition, the Head Judge and the CNCCC will ratify the scores. 10. Members of the CNCCC will either be on-call (during conference competitions) or on-site (during the national competition) and are available to provide guidance, clarification, and interpretation of the rules and regulations for the judges. During the competitions, teams are given the option to request that the judges contact the CNCCC for rule interpretation (see Request for Clarifications and Appeals). Appendix A A-6

66 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations DESIGN PAPER DEDUCTION SCORE CARD School: Infraction Deduction (Circle those that apply) A. Use of plagiarized material No Design Paper Points B. Failure to follow format, page and/or body text requirements 15 Points C. Design Paper over specified number of pages ( page) x 10 Pts/page Points D. Design Paper or Project Overview and Technical Addendum received after deadline ( _ days) x5 Pts/day Points E. Missing Table of Contents and/or Executive Summary 10 Points F. Missing Project and Quality Management Section 10 Points G. Missing Organizational Chart 10 Points H. Missing Hull Design and Structural Analysis Section 10 Points I. Missing Development and Testing Section 10 Points J. Missing Construction Section 10 Points K. Missing Construction Drawing 10 Points L. Missing Project Schedule 10 Points M. Missing Appendix A References 20 Points N. Incomplete Appendix A References 10 Points O. Missing Appendix B Mixture Proportions and Calculations 20 Points P. Incomplete Appendix B Mixture Proportions and Calculations 10 Points Q. Missing Appendix C Example Structural Calculations (includes use of incorrect loading scenario) 20 Points R. Incomplete Appendix C Example Structural Calculations 10 Points S. Missing Appendix D Hull Thickness and Percent Open Area 20 Points T. Incomplete Appendix D Hull Thickness and Percent Open Area 10 Points U. Failure to add Repair Report or Reconstruction Request as Appendix E 20 Points (Only applicable at the National Competition) V. Failure to submit a Preliminary Project Schedule by deadline 10 Points (Only applicable at the National Competition) Total Deductions (Design Paper) Please provide information on the infraction(s) being applied: Points REVIEW REVERSE SIDE Appendix A A-7

67 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Teams shall have until (day/time) to either agree with the judges deductions for the infractions listed above or to appeal the decision and provide supportive documentation. FOR TEAM CAPTAINS ONLY We agree with the infractions and deductions applied to the Design Paper We wish to appeal the following infractions (circle those that apply): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V Team Captain Team Captain FOR COMPETITION OFFICIAL USE ONLY Upon review of the Appeal Form (and any supportive documentation) provided by the team captain: The deductions originally determined by the judges shall stand. The deductions for the following infractions shall be rescinded (circle those that apply): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V The total deduction for the Design Paper is Points. Head Judge Appendix A A-8

68 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations FINAL PRODUCT DEDUCTION SCORE CARD CONFERENCE COMPETITION School: Infraction Deduction (Circle those that apply) A. Canoe not built within current academic year; cannot race due to design No Final Product Points or safety issues, or cannot complete preliminary sprint and endurance events B. Reinforcement thickness exceeds 50% of canoe thickness No Final Product Points C. Use of Bondo, epoxy, or similar materials for construction or repairs No Final Product Points D. Use of more than 3 concrete mixtures No Final Product Points E. Non-compliant or non-approved cementitious materials (MTDS should show compliance) 15 Points F. Non-compliant aggregate proportioning (ASTM C330 Volume) 25 Points G. Non-compliant aggregate proportioning (Total Aggregate Volume) 25 Points H. Non-compliant or non-approved admixtures (MTDS should show compliance) 15 Points I. Improper or non-compliant finishing (sealer, use of stain or paint, use of glitter. etc.) 20 Points J. Canoe does not meet dimensional constraints (length and/or width) 20 Points K. Reinforcement does meet required Percent Open Area 10 Points L. Flotation not within 3 feet of Bow and/or Stern (prior to flotation test at Conference Competition) 10 Points M. Flotation not encased in concrete (prior to flotation test at Conference Competition) 10 Points N. Non-compliant lettering height 5 Points O. Missing/Incomplete items from the Final Product Display: Hard Copy of Project Overview and Technical Addendum 5 Points Hard Copy of Design Paper 5 Points Sample(s) of concrete cylinders ( items) x 5 Pts/item Points Sample(s) of aggregate (individual and/or composite) ( items) x 5 Pts/item Points Sample(s) of reinforcement (mesh, grid, strands, tendons, bars and/or fibers) ( items) x 5 Pts/item Points Bill of Materials and/or Safety Analysis 5 Points Project Management and QA/QC Info 5 Points P. Cross-section not meeting specifications (size) and/or does not properly represent the canoe and/or use of additional photographs on cross section 20 Points Q. Missing, Incomplete, or Incorrect Items in the Project Overview and Technical Addendum Certificate of Compliance 5 Points How To 5 Points Material Technical Data Sheets ( items) x 5 Pts/item Points Flotation Test: PASS / FAIL 25 points Durability: NO TAPE / TAPE (if TAPE is needed for durability-related issues 25 points REVIEW REVERSE SIDE Total Deductions (Final Product) Points Appendix A A-9

69 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Please provide information on the infraction(s) being applied: Teams shall have until (day/time) to either agree with the judges deductions for the infractions listed above or to appeal the decision and provide supportive documentation. FOR TEAM CAPTAINS ONLY We agree with the infractions and deductions applied to the Final Product We wish to appeal the following infractions (circle those that apply): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R Team Captain Team Captain FOR COMPETITION OFFICIAL USE ONLY Upon review of the Appeal Form (and any supportive documentation) provided by the team captain: The deductions originally determined by the judges shall stand. The deductions for the following infractions shall be rescinded (circle those that apply): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R The total deduction for the Final Product is Points. Head Judge Appendix A A-10

70 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations FINAL PRODUCT DEDUCTION SCORE CARD NATONAL COMPETITION School: Infraction Deduction (Circle those that apply) A. Canoe not built within current academic year; cannot race due to design No Final Product Points or safety issues, or cannot complete preliminary sprint and endurance events B. Reinforcement thickness exceeds 50% of canoe thickness No Final Product Points C. Use of Bondo, epoxy, or similar materials for construction or repairs No Final Product Points D. Use of more than 3 concrete mixtures No Final Product Points E. Non-compliant or non-approved cementitious materials (MTDS should show compliance) 15 Points F. Non-compliant aggregate proportioning (ASTM C330 Volume) 25 Points G. Non-compliant aggregate proportioning (Total Aggregate Volume) 25 Points H. Non-compliant or non-approved admixtures (MTDS should show compliance) 15 Points I. Improper or non-compliant finishing (sealer, use of stain or paint, use of glitter. etc.) 20 Points J. Canoe does not meet dimensional constraints (length and/or width) 20 Points K. Reinforcement does meet required Percent Open Area 10 Points L. Flotation not within 3 feet of Bow and/or Stern (prior to flotation test at Conference Competition) 10 Points M. Flotation not encased in concrete (prior to flotation test at Conference Competition) 10 Points N. Non-compliant lettering height 5 Points O. Missing/Incomplete items from the Final Product Display: Hard Copy of Project Overview and Technical Addendum 5 Points Hard Copy of Design Paper 5 Points Sample(s) of concrete cylinders ( items) x 5 Pts/item Points Sample(s) of aggregate (individual and/or composite) ( items) x 5 Pts/item Points Sample(s) of reinforcement (mesh, grid, strands, tendons, bars and/or fibers) ( items) x 5 Pts/item Points Bill of Materials and/or Safety Analysis 5 Points Project Management and QA/QC Info 5 Points P. Cross-section not meeting specifications (size) and/or does not properly represent the canoe and/or use of additional photographs on cross section 20 Points Q. Missing, Incomplete, or Incorrect Items in the Project Overview and Technical Addendum Certificate of Compliance 5 Points How To 5 Point Material Technical Data Sheets ( items) x 5 Pts/item Points R. Reported concrete oven dry unit weight not within ±5 lb/ft 3 of measured unit weight 10 Points S. Reported weight of canoe not within ±10 lbs. of the measured weight 10 Points T. School granted permission to repair /reconstruct canoe 25 / 50 points Flotation Test: PASS / FAIL 25 points Durability: NO TAPE / TAPE (if TAPE is needed for durability-related issues 25 points REVIEW REVERSE SIDE Total Deductions (Final Product) Points Appendix A A-11

71 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Please provide information on the infraction(s) being applied: Teams shall have until (day/time) to either agree with the judges deductions for the infractions listed above or to appeal the decision and provide supportive documentation. FOR TEAM CAPTAINS ONLY We agree with the infractions and deductions applied to the Final Product We wish to appeal the following infractions (circle those that apply): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T Team Captain Team Captain FOR COMPETITION OFFICIAL USE ONLY Upon review of the Appeal Form (and any supportive documentation) provided by the team captain: The deductions originally determined by the judges shall stand. The deductions for the following infractions shall be rescinded (circle those that apply): A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T The total deduction for the Final Product is Points. Head Judge Appendix A A-12

72 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations REPAIR PROCEDURE REPORT School Name: Canoe Name: Team Captain(s): Date of Request: Description of Cause: Description of Repair: Materials used in Repair: Description of Supporting Documentation: Provide a list of Supporting Documentation attached to this report CNCCC Disposition Date: Request to Repair Canoe: Granted Declined Reason for Disposition: This report, CNCCC disposition, and supporting documentation shall be included in Appendix D of the Design Paper. Failure to do so will result in a 25-point deduction from the Design Paper final score. Filing this report does not guarantee the school will be granted permission to conduct repairs to their canoe. The ability to do so is a function of the reason for the request and the supporting documentation. Under no circumstances should a school consider a verbal disposition permission to repair their canoe. If the school is permitted to conduct repairs, that school will receive a 25-point penalty for doing so. The maximum final product points will be reduced to 75 out of 100 points. This penalty may be waived at the discretion of the CNCCC on a case by case basis. Appendix B B-1

73 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations RECONSTRUCTION REQUEST School Name: Canoe Name: Team Captain(s): Date of Request: Reason for Request: Description of Supporting Documentation: Provide a list of Supporting Documentation attached to this report CNCCC Disposition Date: Reconstruction Request: Granted Declined Reason for Disposition: This request, CNCCC disposition, and supporting documentation shall be included in Appendix D of the Design Paper. Failure to do so will result in a 25-point deduction from the Design Paper final score. Filing this report does not guarantee the school listed above will be granted a Reconstruction Request. The ability to do so is a function of the reason for the request and the supporting documentation. Under no circumstances should a school consider a verbal disposition permission to rebuild their canoe. If the school is permitted to reconstruct, that school will receive a 50-point penalty for doing so. The maximum final product points will be reduced to 50 out of 100 points. This penalty may be waived at the discretion of the CNCCC on a case by case basis. Appendix B B-2

74 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations DAMAGE / ACCIDENT REPORT School Name: Canoe Name: Date of Accident: Location of Accident: Type of Accident: ( ) Collision with other canoe ( ) Paddler fell out of canoe ( ) Collision with inanimate object ( ) Other: Briefly Describe Circumstances of Accident: Describe in Detail the Extent of Damage: Team Captain's Signature: Team Captain's Signature: FOR COMPETITION OFFICIAL USE ONLY Damage is due to accident outside the control of the paddlers? (Circle one) YES NO Comments: Deduct 25 points from Final Product Do Not Deduct 25 Points from Final Product Head Judge Appendix B B-3

75 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations REQUEST FOR CLARIFICATIONS AND APPEALS CONFERENCE COMPETITIONS Instructions: Completed forms must be submitted immediately by the Team Captain to the Conference Concrete Canoe Competition Head Judge. Requests for clarification and appeals will not be considered once the competition has concluded. All decisions of the judges are final. School Name: Team Captain(s): Nature of Inquiry: ( ) Design Paper ( ) Oral Presentation ( ) Final Product ( ) Races ( ) Other: Briefly Describe Nature of Inquiry or Appeal: (Continue on reverse side if more space is needed). We formally request that the CNCCC member on-call be contacted in order to obtain an official interpretation or clarification regarding this matter. Rules & Regulations Section(s) Referenced: Team Captain's Signature: Team Captain's Signature: Appendix B B-4

76 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations REQUEST FOR CLARIFICATIONS AND APPEALS ASCE NATIONAL COMPETITION Instructions: Completed forms must be submitted immediately by the Team Captain to the Conference Concrete Canoe Competition Head Judge. Requests for clarification and appeals will not be considered once the competition has concluded. All decisions of the judges are final. School Name: Team Captain(s): Nature of Inquiry: ( ) Design Paper ( ) Oral Presentation ( ) Final Product ( ) Races ( ) Other: Briefly Describe Nature of Inquiry or Appeal: (Continue on reverse side if more space is needed). Rules & Regulations Section(s) Referenced: Team Captain's Signature: Team Captain's Signature: Appendix B B-5

77 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Appendix C General Guidelines for Concrete Mixture Data Table References Section 3 CONCRETE ASTM C127 ASTM C128 ASTM C138/C138 M ASTM C ASCE NCCC Rules and Regulations Standard Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregates Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete This appendix provides general guidelines and helpful hints so that teams understand what is required in the table and how it should be properly filled out. General Comments: Notes: Under the categories of Cementitious Materials, Aggregates, Fibers, and Admixtures, provide the name of the constituents that are being used. Commercial (trade) names shoukdbe used if it is clear what the product is, Absorption and moisture content values (in percent) for the aggregates shall be provided (to the nearest 0.1%) Under the Specific Gravity column, provide the specific gravity (dimensionless) of the cementitious materials, aggregates, fibers, and water used in the concrete mix. For aggregates, you will provide the Oven Dried (OD) and Saturated, Surface Dry (SSD) values. Two or three decimal places are sufficient. The weight of the liquid admixtures shall be provided in lb/gal. 1. The values provided in these tables are shown for MATHEMATICAL EXAMPLE purposes only. 2. Teams should not consider the mixture proportions shown to result in concrete with the needed fresh (slump, air content) and hardened (strength) characteristics required for the competition. 3. Values such as specific gravity are based on generalized numbers and should not be used for your design calculations (i.e., do not reference this document as the one you based your values on). 4. Some numbers are rounded. Appendix C C-1

78 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations The following is a step-by-step example for reporting the FINAL yielded concrete mixture proportions and checks to make sure that it is theoretically and mathematically correct. This means that the reported unit weight is measured and the values provided consider relative yield. Type I/II Cement 370 lb SG = 3.15 Fly Ash (Class C) 350 lb, SG = 2.75 Blast Furnace Slag 110 lb, SG = 2.55 Fibers, Nylon 6.5 lb, SG = 1.4 w/cm ratio 0.43 Aggregate SG SSD W OD W SSD W stk Abs MC stk (lb) (lb) (lb) (%) (%) A B (meets C330) C Admixtures: 6 fl oz/cwt HRWR Admixture (47% solids by weight, 8.5 lb/gal) 250 fl oz/cwt Latex (68% solids by weight, 8.8 lb/gal) 20 fl oz/cwt Liquid Dye (50% solids by weight,10.0 lb/gal) Measured Unit Weight (wet) lb/ft 3 ABSOLUTE VOLUME METHOD The absolute volume of a given material is computed by dividing the mass of the material by its absolute density, which is the specific gravity (SG) times the density of water (62.4 lb/ft 3 ), as shown by: Absolute Volume = mass / (SG x 62.4) Example : How much volume does 370 lbs of portland cement occupy given that SG = 3.15? Volume cement = Mass cement / (SG (cement) x 62.4) = 370 / (3.15 x 62.4) = ft 3 In a batch of concrete, the sum of the absolute volumes of cementitious materials, aggregate, fibers, water, solids from admixtures and air, gives the volume of concrete produced per batch. The above equation can be used to determine the volumes of the various constituents and populate the table. When the volume of aggregate is computed, the oven-dried (OD) amount and specific gravity are used together, or the saturated, surface dry (SSD) amount and specific gravity are used together. Numerically, you will obtain the same value. Appendix C C-2

79 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations AGGREGATES In this example, there are three (3) aggregate sources being used. To complete the table, you will need to know the specific gravity, weights (amounts), absorption. This information will eventually be of use in determining the proper batching of water: Aggregate SG SSD W OD W SSD W stk Abs MC stk (lb) (lb) (lb) (%) (%) A B (meets C330) C For Aggregate A, the absorption of the aggregate can be found using the oven-dried and saturated, surface dry (SSD) weights in the following equation: Wssd -Wod Abs = 100% W od = (144 lb 120 lb) / (120 lb) x 100% = 20.0% For Aggregate B, the weight of the aggregate in the SSD condition and the stock moisture content, MC stk, can be found by using the following equation (note: for the stock condition, Abs is replaced with MC stk ): MC free = MC total - Abs For W SSD = [ 1 + (8/100)] x 215 = lb For W stk The table can now be completed as shown below = [ 1 + (12/100)] x 215 = lb Aggregate SG SSD W OD W SSD W stk Abs MC stk (lb) (lb) (lb) (%) (%) A B (meets C330) C Please note the moisture conditions of the three aggregates: Aggregate A has a stock moisture content of 13% with absorption of 20% (this means that it will soak up water as it is drier than the SSD condition). Aggregate B is the opposite, as the stock moisture content is higher than the SSD condition (this means it has excess or free water). Aggregate C is currently in the SSD condition in the stockpile. Appendix C C-3

80 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations WATER Based on the final w/cm ratio, the amount of water is simply computed using the total amount of cementitious material in the mixture Water = w/cm x cm Example: How much water is needed for 830 lbs of cm using a w/cm of 0.43? Water = w/cm x cm Water = 0.43 x 830 lb = lb The water that is computed from the w/cm ratio is the water that is needed to hydrate the cementitious materials (cm). It is not used to condition the aggregate to the SSD condition. The water (w) comes from three sources water from the aggregate (if there is free water then the value of this is positive; if the aggregate is drier than the SSD condition, then the value is negative), water from the admixtures, and additional batch water, and is expressed as (or a rearrangement of this equation): w batch w w free w admx Compute Free Water from Aggregates With the values previously obtained for the aggregates, the total moisture content, free moisture content and the amount of moisture available, can be computed for each aggregate using the following three equations: MC w total MC free Wstk -Wod = 100% W free W od = MC - A OD total MC free 100% Aggregate W OD W SSD Abs MC total MC free w free (lb) (lb) (%) (%) (%) (lb) A B (meets C330) C Combined, the aggregates have 0.20 lb of free water Appendix C C-4

81 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Compute Water from Admixtures The water in the various admixtures can be found from the following equation: Water in admixture = dosage x cwt of cm x water content x (1 gal/128 fl oz) x (lbs/gal of admixture) From latex [(250 fl oz/ cwt) x (830 lb/yd 3 )/100] x [(100% 68% solids)/100] x (1 gal/128 fl oz) x (8.8 lb/gal) = lb From liquid dye [20 fl oz/ cwt x 8.30 cwt] x [(100% 50% solids)/100] x (1 gal/128 fl oz) x (10 lb/gal)= 6.48 lb From HRWR [6 fl oz/ cwt x 8.30 cwt] x [(100% 47% solids)/100] x (1 gal/128 fl oz) x (8.5 lb/gal) = 1.75 lb Total water from all the admixtures is then 53.9 lb. Compute Batch Water We have computed water from two of the three sources the aggregate and the admixtures. Based on this example, we ended up having some free water from the aggregate (that is, the combined stock was wetter than the combined SSD condition). This free water, albeit a very small amount In this case, is available to hydrate the cm. Since we know the amount of water needed to hydrate the cm (356.9 lb) based on the w/cm ratio chosen, the batch water can be computed by: w batch w w free w admx = lbs ( ) = lb The volume of water (SG water = 1) is then Volume water = Mass water / (62.4) = / 62.4 = ft 3 Appendix C C-5

82 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations SOLIDS (from admixtures) Typically, the proportional volume of the solids included in the liquid admixture is so small in relation to the size of the batch that it can be neglected. The exclusion to this include latex admixtures and dyes (both liquid and in powder form) which can have a substantial volumes. For the competition, only latex and dye solids (in the liquid medium) are to be accounted for. Disregard the contribution of solids from other admixtures. If you have a powdered admixture (i.e., it is not in a liquid medium), then simply use the absolute volume method as previously shown. The solids content can be computed in a fashion like the water content from admixtures Solids in admixture = dosage x cwt of cm x solid content x (1 gal/128 fl oz) x (lb/gal of admixture) From latex [(250 fl oz/ cwt) x 8.3 cwt] x [(68% solids)/100] x (1 gal/128 fl oz) x (8.8 lb/gal) = 97.0 lb Based on the weight of the admixture (in lb/gal) and the percentages of water and solids within it, one can determine the SG of the solid particles (SG of water is taken as 1.0) as follows: If the latex is 32% water by weight, the weight of water is 2.82 lb (0.32 x 8.8 lb) The weight of the solids is 5.98 lb (in a gal of admixture). The volume of water is then (2.82 / 62.4) to obtain ft 3. Solids volume is ft 3. Note: 1 gal = ft 3. The unit weight of solids is then 5.98 lb / ft 3 = lb/ft 3 and therefore its SG is determined to be From liquid dye [20 fl oz/ cwt x 8.30 cwt] x [(50% solids)/100] x (1 gal/128 fl oz) x (10 lb/gal) = 6.48 lb The specific gravity of the dye solids can be shown to be following the procedure used for the latex as above. Appendix C C-6

83 DENSITIES, AIR CONTENT, SLUMP and RATIOS 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Now that all the amounts have been determined, the respective volumes can be computed so that theoretical densities and air content can be found. Mass of Concrete (M) The mass of concrete is the sum of all masses of the constituents in the mixture cm, fiber, aggregate, water and admixture solids: M = Amount cm + Amount fibers + Amount aggregate + Amount water + Amount solids M = = lb Absolute Volume of Concrete (V) The absolute volume of concrete is the sum of all the constituents in the mixture. This is based on zero air content. This value has to be less than 27 ft 3 (1 yd 3 ): V = Volume cm + Volume fibers + Volume aggregate + Volume water + Volume solids V = = ft 3 Theoretical Density (T) is the density of concrete with no air in it and is the mass of concrete (M) divided by the absolute volume of concrete (V): T = M / V T = lb / ft 3 = lb/ft 3 Measured Density (D) the density of concrete obtained from cylinders, cubes, etc. in the plastic (wet) state (i.e., immediately after casting). In this example, it was lb/ft 3 Air Content The air content is computed by comparing the theoretical density (no air) to the measured density (D): Air content = (T D) / T x 100 Air content = ( ) / x 100 = 14.7% The value of the air content should be checked using the absolute volume method (you should come up with the same answer. If you do not, then there is an error someplace). Air content = (27 V) / 27 x 100 Air content = ( ) / 27 x 100 = 14.7% (check) Note: If the measured density is higher than the theoretical density, the result would be a negative air content. This is not possible. Cement-Cementitious Materials Ratio The c/cm ratio is a calculated value: 370 lb c / 830 lb cm = 0.45 Water-Cementitious Materials Ratio The w/cm ratio is a calculated value: lb / 830 lb cm = 0.43 Slump measured value (in inches). Appendix C C-7

84 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations AGGREGTE PROPORTIONING Aggregate - Concrete Ratio (Volumetric) Per Section a, the aggregate(s) selected shall constitute a minimum of 25% of the total volume of any concrete mixture based on yielded proportions Aggregate Ratio (%) = V aggregate / 27 x 100% = ( ) / 27 x 100% = ( / 27) x 100% = 41.1% > 25% (OK!) Please note that there are several specific gravities reported for aggregate, depending on the condition that they are in, such as dry (SG OD ) and saturated, surface dry (SG SSD ). The values are different as one is obviously in the dry state and the other considers the water that is required to bring the aggregate to the SSD condition, and it can be shown that it is a function of absorption. For example, it can be shown that for Aggregate A (SG SSD = 0.45; A = 20%), the SG OD is The volume that the aggregate occupies between the conditions, however, can be shown to be the same. That is, the volume of aggregate in the OD condition determined by taking the amount of aggregate in the OD condition divided by SG OD is equal to the volume of aggregate in the SSD condition as determined by taking the amount of aggregate in the SSD condition divided by SG SSD. Amount aggregate(od) / (SG OD x 62.4) = Amount aggregate(ssd) / (SG SSD x 62.4) = Volume aggregate ASTM C330 Aggregate Ratio (Volumetric) Per Section b., a minimum of 25% of the total aggregate volume, per concrete mixture, must be an aggregate source other than manufactured microspheres and/or cenospheres, that must be compliant with ASTM C330. In this example, Aggregate B is ASTM C330 compliant and is neither a microsphere or a cenosphere. Volume of aggregate in the SSD is equal to the volume of aggregate in the OD state V ASTM C330 = Volume Aggregate B / Volume aggregate V ASTM C330 = / = 37.2% > 25% (OK!) Appendix C C-8

85 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations = M / 27 = / 27 Appendix C C-9 = M / V = / = (27 V) / 27 = ( ) / 27 As a check Must be less than 27.

86 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations Appendix D Job Hazard Analysis Activity Hazard Analysis / Crew Briefing Date: School: Lead Person: Involved Crew Members: Location of Task: Task Description: 1. What are the hazards associated with the job / task? 2. What will be done to eliminate/control the above hazards? 3. Have they been explained to the crew members? Yes No 4. Is there acceptable access / egress to the worksite? Tripping hazards removed / addressed? Yes No 5. Is there adequate illumination for all work? Yes No 6. What weather conditions could affect safety performance of this task? 7. Are trash receptacles available in the work area? Water and sanitation facilities located? Yes No 8. Are flammable / combustible materials stored, separated, inspected, labeled, and secured per procedure? Yes No 9. User inspection is required on all tools, ladders, electrical cords, rigging, and safety equipment. Has this been completed? Yes No Appendix D D-1

87 2018 ASCE National Concrete Canoe Competition Rules & Regulations 10. Personal Protective Equipment Required fill in what type is being used for this activity. Eye/Face Head/Ear Hand Respirator Other POST TASK ASSIGNMENT Date: Lead Person: 1. Was anyone injured or did an unplanned incident occur today? Yes No If yes, explain: 2. Was it reported to Management/Safety? Yes No NA If yes, state who you told & when they were told. 3. What problems did you have with today s work assignment? 4. What can we do tomorrow to improve safety / performance? 5. Miscellaneous concerns: Appendix D D-2

88 2018 STUDENT STEEL BRIDGE COMPETITION 2018 RULES Revision 1, August 28: specification Organizing sponsors of the Student Steel Bridge Competition are American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Co-sponsors are American Galvanizers Association (AGA) Bentley Systems, Inc. Canadian Institute of Steel Construction (CISC) DS SolidWorks Corp. James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation National Steel Bridge Alliance (NSBA) Nucor Corporation

89 2018 This document, which is available at describes the Student Steel Bridge Competition and states the 2018 rules for both conference and national levels. Clarifications, which include any revisions to the rules, are published at that web site and do not appear in this document although they are formal addenda to the rules. The web site includes the form for requesting clarifications and other information. Information at the web site takes priority over any other source except as herein noted. TABLE OF CONTENTS page 1. Mission and Summary 1 2. Introduction 2 3. Problem Statement 3 4. Eligibility 4 5. Safety 6 6. Scoring 6 7. Schedule of Competition Material and Component Specifications Structural Specifications Construction Regulations Load Test Instructions Equipment Provided by Host Interpretation of Rules Judging Appeals Index of Definitions 33 APPENDIX - DRAWINGS Site Diagram Bridge Diagram Load Test Diagrams WELCOME ASCE and AISC support and encourage the equitable opportunity for participation in the Student Steel Bridge Competition by all interested and eligible individuals without regard to race, ethnicity, religion, age, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, or physical challenges. Participation should be inclusive, open, and fair to all interested and eligible students.

90 2018 Section 1 MISSION AND SUMMARY Civil Engineering students are challenged to an intercollegiate competition that supplements their education with a comprehensive, student-driven project experience from conception and design through fabrication, erection, and testing, culminating in a steel structure that meets client specifications and optimizes performance and economy. The Student Steel Bridge Competition increases awareness of real-world engineering issues such as spatial constraints, material properties, strength, serviceability, fabrication and erection processes, safety, esthetics, project management, and cost. Success in competition requires application of engineering principles and theory, and effective teamwork. Future engineers are stimulated to innovate, practice professionalism, and use structural steel efficiently. Students design and erect a steel bridge by themselves but may consult with faculty and other advisors. Students gain maximum benefit if they fabricate the entire bridge themselves. However, because appropriate shop facilities and supervision are not available at all universities, students may use the services of a commercial fabricator if they develop the work orders and shop drawings, and observe the operations. Students are encouraged to maximize their involvement in fabrication. Safety is paramount. AISC and ASCE request that competitors, advisers, hosts, and judges take all necessary precautions to prevent injury to competitors, judges, host personnel, and spectators. Risky procedures are prohibited. Load testing is stopped if sway or deflection exceeds specified limits, or if collapse is imminent. Bridges that cannot be constructed and loaded safely are withdrawn from competition. In addition, the rules identify and penalize construction errors that represent accidents in full-scale construction. The Student Steel Bridge Competition provides design and management experience, opportunity to learn fabrication processes, and the excitement of networking with and competing against teams from other colleges and universities. The competition has a long-established tradition of ethical behavior, professionalism, civility, and respect for people and property. Teams, their associates, judges, and all other participants are expected to maintain and build upon this tradition. 1

91 2018 Section 2 INTRODUCTION The rules simulate a request for proposal that requires a scaled model to demonstrate the efficacy of competing designs. Section 3, Problem Statement, relates the rules to realistic challenges encountered in bridge design and construction. Sections titled Material and Component Specifications, Structural Specifications, and Construction Regulations set standards for strength, durability, constructability, usability, functionality, and safety that reflect the volumes of requirements that govern the design and construction of full-scale bridges. Criteria for excellence in the award categories of stiffness, lightness, construction speed, display, efficiency, and economy are listed in Scoring. Competition judges and the Rules Committee take the role of the owner or owner s agent and have authority to accept and reject entries. The rules accommodate a variety of designs and encourage innovation. Designers must consider the comparative advantages of various alternatives. For example, a through bridge may be stiffer than a deck bridge but slower to construct. Successful teams compare alternatives prior to fabrication using value analysis based on scoring criteria. The rules are changed every year to renew the challenge and ensure that competitors design and build new bridges. The rules are intended to be prescriptive but may require some interpretation. The procedure for requesting clarification of the rules is described in section 13, Interpretation of Rules. Competitors, judges, and host personnel are encouraged to read this rules document from beginning to end and then review the Competition Guide at That site also is the source of the official scoring spreadsheet which generates forms for recording data. Judges should be familiar with those forms prior to the competition. Results of the previous year s national competition are posted at Members of the Student Steel Bridge Rules Committee are Nancy Gavlin, S.E., P.E., Director of Education, AISC Jennifer Greer-Steele, Committee on Student Members Corresponding Member, ASCE Frank J. Hatfield, P.E., Professor Emeritus, Michigan State University Lawrence F. Kruth, P.E., Vice President of Engineering and Research, AISC Tony Palmer, P.E., Project Manager, Hargrove Engineers + Constructors John M. Parucki, Structural Steel Consultant Leslie Payne, Director, Student and Younger Member Programs, ASCE Don Sepulveda, P.E. Matthew Shergalis, P.E., Northeast Regional Director, National Steel Bridge Alliance 2

92 2018 Section 3 PROBLEM STATEMENT Portland s Bridge of the People, opened in 2015, is the first major bridge in the U.S. to carry mass transit, bicycles, pedestrians, and emergency vehicles while prohibiting private motor vehicles. The intent is to serve growing populations without overwhelming antiquated road infrastructure in the formerly industrial districts on both banks of the Willamette River. Confronted with similar problems, the Burgeon County Transportation Commission (BCTC) is conducting a feasibility study that includes a competition to identify the best design for a limited access, short span bridge. Your company is invited to compete by submitting a 1:10 scale model to demonstrate its concept. Models will be erected under simulated field conditions and will be tested for stability, strength, and serviceability using standardized lateral and vertical loads. Construction cost and duration, and esthetics are important considerations. Virtual costs are assigned to critical features, including a sliding scale for material that promotes robustness without wastefulness. BCTC engineers will judge the competition and will award the design/build contract to the company whose model satisfies specified requirements and best achieves project objectives. Steel is specified for ease of prefabrication, rapid erection, superior strength to weight ratio, durability, and high level of recycled content. Designs with permanent or temporary piers in the river will not be considered. Existing infrastructure on the banks also precludes permanent and temporary piers, as well as restricting the size of work zones, requiring remote staging of material and equipment, and limiting the size and number of members to be transported. Models will not include deck, foundations, and approaches. Any attempt to gain advantage by circumventing the intent of the competition as expressed by the rules, including this problem statement, will be grounds for rejecting a model and terminating that company s eligibility. 3

93 LEVELS OF COMPETITIONS Section 4 ELIGIBILITY There are two levels of competition: United States of America (USA) conference and national. USA conference competitions are held in conjunction with ASCE annual student conferences in the USA. Outstanding performance in USA conference competitions, and only in those competitions, qualifies eligible teams for the national competition. 4.2 CONFERENCE COMPETITIONS Only one bridge per college or university may compete in an ASCE USA student conference, and a college or university may compete in only one ASCE USA student conference ASCE student chapters hosting conferences may invite guest teams, which are teams from colleges or universities that do not have ASCE student chapters or from official ASCE student chapters that are assigned to different conferences. Conference assignments are listed in the ASCE Official Register at and conference host chapters are listed at A team shall consist only of undergraduate and graduate students in good standing with their ASCE student chapter during all or part of fall through spring of the current competition academic year. This requirement is waived for guest teams The official scoring spreadsheet shall be used, and all teams (including guest teams) shall be listed on that spreadsheet. The official scoring spreadsheet may be downloaded from The host student chapter shall promptly submit the completed official scoring spreadsheet for a conference competition to ssbc.results@gmail.com. Teams from that conference will not be invited to the National Student Steel Bridge Competition (NSSBC) until the spreadsheet is received and eligibility is confirmed. 4

94 NATIONAL COMPETITION A team is not eligible to be invited to compete in the NSSBC if it (1) was a guest team as defined in sub-section 4.2.2, or (2) was a non-guest team in a conference competition outside the USA, or (3) is from a chapter that is not in good standing with ASCE, or (4) is from a chapter that has not satisfied ASCE requirements regarding participation in its conference, or (5) was not ranked for awards at its conference competition. ASCE requirements for good standing and for conference participation are listed at The maximum number of eligible teams from a conference that will be invited to compete in the NSSBC is based on the number of teams at that conference that competed (that is, presented bridges and staged them for timed construction) but not including guest teams as defined in sub-section (1) The single eligible team with the best overall performance rating will be invited from a conference in which two, three, or four non-guest teams competed. (2) The top two eligible teams in overall performance will be invited from a conference in which five to thirteen non-guest teams competed. (3) The top three eligible teams in overall performance will be invited from a conference in which fourteen to twenty-one non-guest teams competed. (4) The top four eligible teams in overall performance will be invited from a conference in which twenty-two or more non-guest teams competed Teams are not invited to compete in the NSSBC as guests A team shall consist only of undergraduate and graduate students who were in good standing with their ASCE student chapter during all or part of the academic year leading up to the NSSBC Bridges may be modified in preparation for NSSBC. 5

95 2018 Section 5 SAFETY Safety has the highest priority; risk of personal injury will not be tolerated. Judges are empowered to halt and prohibit any activity that they deem to be hazardous. If a bridge cannot compete safely, it must be withdrawn from competition. Sub-sections 9.4, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 11.2, and of these rules identify hazardous conditions and actions that will result in withdrawing a bridge from competition if not corrected. Judges will document these safety violations by checking appropriate boxes on the data forms. If the problem is not listed, a judge should write a brief description of the problem on the data form. Students are requested to practice safe fabrication procedures and seek appropriate instruction and supervision. The sub-section 8.2 footnote warns of a welding hazard, and precautions listed in sub-sections 11.1, 11.2, , and guide safe load testing prior to competition. Section 6 SCORING 6.1 RECORDING DATA, ANNOUNCING RESULTS, SUBMITTING SCORES Scoring data shall be recorded for every team that competes, using judges data forms printed from the official scoring spreadsheet downloaded from Data from those forms are then entered in the spreadsheet. After all scoring information has been collected for a team, the scoring official reviews data entry with the captain of that team. The captain is given adequate time to verify the data before signing the form. Then a paper or electronic copy of the team s Computation worksheet from the scoring spreadsheet is given to the captain, as soon as possible. Formulas and links in the scoring spreadsheet shall not be modified. The Rankings worksheet from the spreadsheet summarizes the performance of all teams and is distributed at the awards ceremony, electronically or as paper copies. The completed official scoring spreadsheet for a conference competition shall be submitted to ssbc.results@gmail.com by the host student chapter as soon as possible after the competition. Conference results are not final until the spreadsheet is submitted. Questions and comments regarding the spreadsheet should be sent to ssbc.results@gmail.com. Judges data forms shall be retained by the host student chapter for two weeks after the competition. 6

96 CATEGORIES OF COMPETITION Categories of competition are display, construction speed, lightness, stiffness, construction economy, and structural efficiency. In addition, overall performance is rated Display An award is given for display. The bridge is presented exactly as it will be erected during timed construction, and all parts of the assembled bridge must be visible during display judging. Display is judged by the following criteria Appearance of bridge, including balance, proportion, elegance, and finish. Quality of fabrication, including welding, shall not be considered because some bridges may be fabricated professionally rather than by students Permanent identification of the bridge consisting of the name of the college or university exactly as shown on the ASCE student web site, The name shall be formed from steel or applied to steel with paint or decals, and should be easily legible (lettering at least 1 high is recommended). A bridge that lacks appropriate identification will receive a very poor display rating Poster describing design. The poster shall present the following (1) identification of the college or university, using the same name that appears on the bridge, (2) brief explanation of why the overall configuration of the bridge was selected, (3) scaled, dimensioned side view of the bridge, (4) free-body diagram of a single beam that represents the entire bridge, with the same end-to-end length, supports at ends only, loads for one of the cases specified in sub-sections 7.1(6) and 11.5, and reaction forces, (5) shear and moment diagrams of the beam corresponding to that free-body diagram, showing peak magnitudes, (6) provisions for Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC), such as design features, construction sequencing, and procedures intended to minimize construction time, and (7) acknowledgement of university technicians, faculty, and others who helped fabricate the bridge or provided advice. The poster shall (1) be flat with maximum dimensions of two by three feet, (2) present all information on one side, (3) not have attached pages that must be lifted or turned, and (4) be in English. 7

97 2018 Additional information may be included. Names of financial sponsors may be shown on the poster or on an optional second poster that could accommodate their logos. The display rating will be very poor if there is no poster or if it is grossly inadequate. Electronic displays, decorated supports, lights, and sound are not permitted and will result in a poor rating. The poster is not part of the bridge but must be in place whenever the bridge is on display. If English is not the dominant language where the competition is conducted, an optional additional poster may be displayed that is a translation into the local language of the required English language design poster Display is the tie breaker for all categories of competition. Judges shall not declare ties in display Construction Speed The bridge with the lowest total time will win in the construction speed category. Total time is the time required for construction modified by construction penalties prescribed in 9.4, 10.4, and There is an upper limit on construction time (see ) Lightness The bridge with the least total weight will win in the lightness category. Total weight is measured weight plus weight penalties prescribed in 8.2, 9.3, 9.5, and Measured weight is the weight of the bridge as determined by scales provided by the host student chapter. Decking, tools, lateral restraint devices, and posters are not included in measured or total weight Stiffness The bridge with the lowest aggregate deflection will win in the stiffness category. Aggregate deflection is determined from measurements as prescribed in Construction Economy The bridge with the lowest construction cost Cc will win in the construction economy category. Construction cost is computed as Cc = Total time (minutes) x number of builders (persons) x 70,000 ($/person-minute) + load test penalties ($). Total time is defined in 6.2.2, builder is defined in , and load test penalties are prescribed in A penalty increment to the number of builders is prescribed in

98 Structural Efficiency The bridge with the lowest structural cost Cs will win in the structural efficiency category. Structural cost is computed as If measured weight does not exceed 120 pounds, Cs = (Total weight measured weight) (pounds) x 5000 ($/pound) rev 1. + Aggregate deflection (inches) x 3,000,000 ($/inch) + Load test penalties ($). If measured weight exceeds 120 pounds but does not exceed 200 pounds, Cs = (Total weight 120) (pounds) x 5000 ($/pound) + Aggregate deflection (inches) x 3,000,000 ($/inch) + Load test penalties ($). If measured weight exceeds 200 pounds, Cs = (Total weight 184) (pounds) x 25,000 ($/pound) + Aggregate deflection (inches) x 3,000,000 ($/inch) + Load test penalties ($). Measured weight and total weight are defined in 6.2.3, and aggregate deflection is defined in , which also prescribes load test penalties Overall Performance The overall performance rating of a bridge is the sum of construction cost Cc and structural cost Cs. The bridge achieving the lowest value of this total wins the overall competition. 6.3 SPREADSHEET FOR SCORING The scoring spreadsheet is available in the Competition Guide at Questions and comments regarding the spreadsheet should be sent to ssbc.results@gmail.com. The spreadsheet also is useful for comparing alternatives when designing a bridge. Teams are encouraged to download, understand, and verify the spreadsheet before the competition. 9

99 2018 Section 7 SCHEDULE OF COMPETITION In the months before the competition, students design their bridges, fabricate members, test load, practice construction, and designate the competition team. The host student chapter procures a venue, organizes equipment (section 12), and recruits judges (section 14). Judges are prepared by reviewing current year rules and all clarifications (section 13). Clarifications, some of which may have been posted immediately prior to the competition, are found at RECOMMENDED SCHEDULE (1) The official scoring spreadsheet is downloaded from and judges data forms are generated from that spreadsheet. (2) Using a randomizing process, the head judge or host student chapter determines the order in which teams will compete. (3) Bridges are erected for public viewing and are judged for display. After the start of display judging, bridges shall not be altered, modified, or enhanced in any way. (4) Bridges are disassembled. (5) In a meeting at which all team captains are present, the head judge clarifies rules and conditions of the competition, and answers questions. (6) Immediately before timed construction of the first bridge, the head judge rolls a die to determine the locations of decking units. These designations will guide load tests as described in , , and the Load Test Diagrams. For each possible result S of the roll, Table 7.1 gives the dimensions for positioning decking units. TABLE 7.1 Determination of L1 and L2 S L1 L The same values of L1 and L2 will be used for all bridges in the same conference competition. East and west ends are determined individually for each bridge after construction by a randomizing process (e.g., coin flip). Left and right sides are relative to travel from west to east. (7) Bridge members, tools, nuts, and bolts are staged for construction and inspected by the judges. See section 8, Material and Component Specifications, and sub-sections , , and 10.6 for details. (8) Timed construction. See section 10, Construction Regulations, for details. 10

100 2018 (9) Judges inspect assembled bridges. For details, see section 9, Structural Specifications. Between corrections described in 9.4 and load testing, force shall not be applied to the bridge except as necessary to move it. For example, leaning or sitting on the bridge is not allowed. (10) Bridges are weighed (if it is impractical to weigh the entire bridge, its parts may be weighed prior to construction). All bridges shall be weighed, including those that are withdrawn from competition and not ranked for awards. (11) Load testing. See section 11, Load Test Instructions, for details. (12) After a team has completed all phases of the competition, data for the team is transcribed from the judges data forms into the official scoring spreadsheet and checked by the team captain. After data entry has been completed, a copy of the team s Computation worksheet from the scoring spreadsheet is given to the captain electronically or on paper. (13) Scores and rankings are determined using the official scoring spreadsheet. (14) Paper or electronic copies of the Rankings worksheet of the official scoring spreadsheet are distributed to captains of all teams at the awards ceremony. (15) The host ASCE student chapter submits the completed official scoring spreadsheet by ing it to the address given on that spreadsheet as soon as possible after completion of the competition. (16) The host student chapter retains judges data forms for two weeks. 7.2 ALTERNATIVES The order recommended above may be altered. However, it is essential that (1) Bridges are not modified after the die is rolled. (2) Bridges are not modified between display judging and timed construction. (3) No components or tools are added to or removed from the construction site after staging for inspection. (4) Modifications between timed construction and load testing are limited to connection corrections described in sub-section

101 MATERIAL Section 8 MATERIAL AND COMPONENT SPECIFICATIONS For the purposes of this competition, steel is defined as an iron alloy that is strongly attracted to the magnet provided by the host chapter. Some grades of steel are not magnetically attractive. If any member, nut, or bolt is not strongly magnetic steel or incorporates parts that are not strongly magnetic steel, the bridge will not be ranked for awards in any category. The bridge may be constructed and load tested at the head judge s discretion if that can be done safely within available time. See 8.2 for definitions of member, nut, and bolt. 8.2 COMPONENTS Violation of the specifications in this sub-section (8.2) will result in penalties being added to the weight of the bridge. The penalty is 25 pounds for each individual non-compliant nut and loose bolt, and 35 pounds for each individual non-compliant member. See 8.2.2, 8.2.3, and for definitions of member, loose, bolt, and nut Bridge A bridge shall be constructed only of members, loose bolts, and loose nuts. Solder, brazing, and adhesives are not permitted. Exceptions: Purely decorative items such as coatings and decals are permitted, and bridge parts may be labeled Members A member is a rigid component of the finished bridge. Parts of a member are welded* together. Bolts and nuts that are welded to a member are parts of that member and are not considered to be loose. A member shall retain its shape, dimensions, and rigidity during timed construction and load testing. A member shall not have moving or flexible parts. Exception: Deformations caused by mechanical strain (e.g., bending, stretching) during construction and load testing are not violations A member shall not exceed overall dimensions of 3'-0 x 6 x 4. That is, it shall fit into a right rectangular prism (i.e., box) of those dimensions. Health advisory: The bright silvery or colored coating on bolts, nuts, threaded rod, and other hardware contains zinc and cadmium. At welding temperature, both elements create hazardous fumes. Inhalation of zinc fumes causes symptoms resembling those of influenza. Cadmium gas can damage lungs and kidneys, and is a potential carcinogen. Only plain (uncoated) hardware should be welded. 12

102 Threads shall be continuous around the full circumference of an externally threaded part of a member if that part is necessary for compliance with Loose Bolts Loose bolts shall not have parts that flex or move. Loose bolts shall be commercially available and shall not be mechanically altered or modified in any way but may be painted Nominal length of loose bolts shall not exceed 3 measured from the bottom of the head to the end. Loose bolts shall have external threads that extend around the full circumference Loose and Welded Nuts Nuts shall have the external shape of a hexagonal prism and not have parts that flex or move. Nuts shall be commercially available and shall not be mechanically altered or modified in any way but may be painted Nuts shall have internal threads that extend for the full circumference and thickness Holes in Members Holes for loose bolts or externally threaded parts of members shall not be threaded. Exception: A nut that is welded to a member and conforms to the specifications of subsection is not a violation. 9.1 MEASUREMENT Section 9 STRUCTURAL SPECIFICATIONS Conformance with the specifications in this section (9) will be checked with the bridge in its as-built condition after termination of timed construction, before the bridge is moved from the construction site or load tested. The bridge shall not be modified or distorted from its as-built condition in order to conform to these specifications except as prescribed by sub-section 9.4. Dimensions will be checked without decking or applied load. Judges may touch the bridge but shall not turn nuts or bolts, or alter the condition of the bridge in any other way. 13

103 FUNCTIONALITY If any specification in this sub-section (9.2) is violated, the bridge will not be ranked for awards in any category. The bridge may be load tested at the head judge s discretion if that can be done safely within available time The bridge shall have exactly two straight stringers, each of which is contiguous over its full length so that decking could be placed on the tops of the stringers anywhere along the span. See Section 1 on the Bridge Diagram The bridge shall provide access for safely placing 3-6 wide decking and load The decking shall not be attached or anchored to the bridge. This prohibition includes but is not limited to protrusions, irregularities, and textures that inhibit movement of decking relative to stringers Decking shall not distort the bridge from its as-built condition The bridge shall not be anchored or tied to the floor Teams shall accept and accommodate conditions at the competition site. 9.3 USABILITY Specifications in this sub-section (9.3) are illustrated by the Bridge Diagram. A weight penalty will be assessed for each specification in this sub-section (9.3) that is violated, rather than for every violation of that specification. If there are multiple violations of the same specification, the penalty will be based on the largest violation. The penalty for violation of each of the specifications in this sub-section (9.3) will be an addition to the weight of the bridge determined as follows (1) 20 pounds for a dimensional violation not exceeding 1/4, (2) 100 pounds for a violation greater than 1/4 but not exceeding 1, (3) 200 pounds for a violation greater than 1 but not exceeding 2, and (4) if a violation exceeds 2, the bridge will not be ranked for awards in any category. The bridge may be load tested at the head judge s discretion if that can be done safely within available time The bridge shall not touch the river or the ground outside the footings. Refer to for definition of footings The bridge shall not extend more than 5-0 above the ground or river. 14

104 The bridge shall not be wider than 5-0 at any location along the span Vertical clearance shall be provided under the bridge at all points directly over the ground and river. The clearance shall be no less than 7.5, measured from the surface of the ground or river. Parts of the bridge, including nuts and bolts, shall not extend below this limit. Exception: No clearance is required over the footings except as necessary to accommodate restraint applied during the lateral load test described in sub-section The tops of the stringers shall be no more than 1-11 and no less than 1-7 above the surface of the river or ground at any location along the span Each stringer shall be at least seventeen feet long, measured along the top At the ends of the bridge, parts of the bridge shall not extend away from the river beyond the vertical planes that pass through the construction zone boundaries The bridge shall provide a straight, clear passageway conforming to the Clearance Template detail on the Bridge Diagram. To verify compliance with and 9.3.9, judges will slide the template along the tops of the stringers while holding it plumb and perpendicular to the span of the bridge. At no location along the full length of the stringers shall part of the bridge, including nuts and bolts, obstruct passage of the template. The penalty for non-compliance with is based on the projection of an obstruction onto the template, measured perpendicularly from the obstructed edge The tops of both stringers shall contact the tops of the two rabbets in the template at every location along the full length of the stringers during the verification procedure described in The penalty for non-compliance with is based on the vertical distance down from the top of a rabbet to the top of the corresponding stringer. If the same obstruction causes a violation of both and 9.3.9, the judge will record only the larger violation Tops of stringers shall be free of holes, splits, separations, protrusions, and abrupt changes in elevation or slope, except that between adjacent members that comprise a stringer there may be a horizontal separation not exceeding 1/4 and a change in elevation not exceeding 1/8. 15

105 CONNECTION SAFETY After termination of timed construction and inspection by judges, builders are required to attempt to correct violations of specifications 9.4.1, 9.4.2, and 9.4.3, and will be granted the option to correct violations of specification Only tools, loose nuts, and loose bolts that were in the staging yards at the start of timed construction shall be used. Safe construction practices (10.2 and 10.3) are required, but accidents (10.4) will not be penalized. Builders will be allowed five minutes to correct all connections. If any connection still violates specification 9.4.1, 9.4.2, or when that time limit is reached, the bridge will not be ranked for awards in any category and will not be load tested Each individual member shall be connected to each member that it touches by at least one loose bolt or externally threaded part of a member secured by a loose or welded nut so that those connected members cannot be separated without first unscrewing and removing the loose bolt or externally threaded member that connects them, or without first unscrewing and removing the loose nut from that bolt or threaded member. The loose bolt or externally threaded part of a member shall pass through holes in all the members that it connects. A loose bolt or threaded part of a member may connect more than two members. Penalty is five minutes added to construction time for each individual violation Each individual bolt or externally threaded member shall be secured with a nut, and each individual nut shall fully engage the threads of the matching bolt or member. That is, the terminal threads of the bolt or member shall extend beyond or be flush with the outer face of the nut. The threads of the nut shall match the bolt or externally threaded member so that installation and removal require relative rotation. Penalty is five minutes added to construction time for each individual violation Each individual hole in a member for a loose bolt or externally threaded part of another member shall be completely surrounded by the member. Furthermore, such holes in the outer plies of a connection shall be small enough that the nut or bolt head cannot pass through. Penalty is five minutes added to construction time for each individual violation Each individual loose nut or loose bolt shall be tightened sufficiently so that the nut or bolt head contacts the outer ply of the connection. Penalty is one minute added to construction time for each individual violation. However, if a fastening consists of a loose nut on a loose bolt, only one penalty will be applied for that fastening. 9.5 INSPECTABILITY Each individual nut, head of a loose bolt, and threaded end of a bolt or member shall be visible in the completed bridge so that compliance with specifications in sub-section 9.4 can be verified. A penalty of 25 pounds will be added to the weight of the bridge for each individual threaded end, nut, and bolt head that cannot be inspected. 16

106 2018 Section DEFINITIONS CONSTRUCTION REGULATIONS Builders are undergraduate or graduate students who construct the bridge and are part of a team. See section 4, Eligibility The team designates one builder to serve as captain for the entire competition. The captain signifies that the builders are ready to start timed construction, declares the finish, and signs data forms The site boundary encloses the construction site, which is comprised of river, construction zones, transportation zones, and staging yards. All construction activities are conducted within the site boundary. The host student chapter marks the site boundary and its enclosed features on the floor before the competition, as illustrated by the Site Diagram The river represents a restricted natural feature Builders on the ground in the construction zones put members together to create the bridge Builders carry members, tools, nuts, and bolts across the transportation zones Staging yards are occupied by builders and objects at the start and finish of timed construction Footings are areas marked on the floor within the construction zones Ground is the floor inside the site boundary, including footings, construction zones, transportation zones, and staging yards, but excluding the river Personal protective equipment consists of a hardhat meeting ANSI standard Z89.1 and protective eyewear or safety goggles meeting ANSI standard Z87.1. A team provides its own personal protective equipment A pouch is an optional article of clothing that is used to carry nuts, bolts, and tools. This definition encompasses tool belts, magnets, lanyards, and other accessories worn by builders and having the same function A tool is a device that is used to construct the bridge but is not part of the completed bridge. A team provides its own tools. 17

107 Member, loose bolt and loose nut are defined in sub-section A constructed portion is comprised of two or more members in contact with one another, with or without loose nuts and loose bolts, and is created during timed construction by builders on the ground in the construction zones. There may be multiple constructed portions PRE-CONSTRUCTION CONDITIONS Timed construction will not commence if any provision of this sub-section (10.2) is violated Only builders and judges are permitted within the site boundary during timed construction. Other team members and associates of the team, coaches, faculty, advisers, and spectators shall remain in designated areas at a distance from the construction site that assures they are not at risk and cannot interfere with the competition There shall be no more than six builders A tool shall not weigh more than fifteen pounds. Welding machines and tools requiring external power connections shall not be used during timed construction. Tools powered by batteries or other internal energy supplies are acceptable Containers of lubricant shall not be in the construction site at any time SAFE CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES If any rule in this sub-section (10.3) is violated during timed construction, the judge will stop the clock and explain the violation. Before the clock is restarted, builders, tools, members, nuts, and bolts will be returned to the positions they occupied immediately before the violation. Then builders will be asked to resume construction using safe procedures. Builders will have the opportunity to construct their bridge safely. However, if they are not able to construct the bridge completely using safe procedures, construction will cease and the bridge will not be ranked for awards in any category Builders, judges, host personnel, and spectators shall not be exposed to risk of personal injury. Only builders and judges may be in the construction site At all times during timed construction every builder shall wear personal protective equipment in the proper manner A pouch or other article of clothing shall not be removed from a builder s person or held in a builder s hand(s). 18

108 Nuts, bolts, or tools shall not be held in the mouths of builders Throwing anything is prohibited A builder shall not cross from the ground on one bank of the river to the ground on the other bank A builder who is outside a staging yard shall not simultaneously support or touch, directly or with tools, more than one member that is not in a constructed portion A builder shall not use the bridge, a constructed portion of the bridge, a member, or a tool to support all or part of the builder's body weight. However, a builder may be partially supported by a constructed portion if the builder is kneeling on the floor on both knees, kneeling on the floor on one knee with the other foot on the floor, or standing with the heels and toes of one or both feet on the floor A builder shall not depend on another builder or builders for support or balance Construction of the bridge shall commence by creating a constructed portion. Each constructed portion shall be started on the ground within a footing A builder who is outside a construction zone shall not touch (or touch with tools) a constructed portion, and shall not install a member, nut, or bolt on a constructed portion At no time shall a builder or builders support the entire weight of a constructed portion. However, a builder or builders may remove a single member from a footing or from a constructed portion No part of a constructed portion shall extend beyond the site boundary at any time A team shall construct its bridge safely using the site and floor surfaces provided by the host student chapter. Bridges and participants shall accommodate local conditions. 19

109 ACCIDENTS In general, the clock is not stopped when there is an accident, i.e., an infraction of one of the provisions of this sub-section (10.4). A penalty is assessed for each separate accident. If an accident is continuous (for example, a builder stands in the river, or a dropped item is not retrieved promptly) it will be counted as multiple occurrences until corrected. Builders involved in accidents may continue to build. Items involved in accidents shall be recovered promptly and may be used. Construction cannot depend on deliberately committing an accident. Therefore, the clock will be stopped if any work is accomplished by committing an accident. Before timed construction is resumed, builders, tools, members, nuts, and bolts will be returned to the positions they occupied immediately before the accident A builder, builder s footwear, pouch, or clothing touches the river or the floor outside the site boundary. For each occurrence, the number of builders is increased by one when the spreadsheet computes construction cost Cc, but the number of builders actually constructing the bridge does not change. Exception: There is no penalty for stepping out of bounds or entering the river to retrieve an object that has been dropped, such as a member, tool, nut, bolt, or personal protective equipment A member, constructed portion, tool, loose nut, loose bolt, or personal protective equipment touches the river, the ground outside the staging yard, or the floor outside the site boundary. Penalty is 1/4 minute (15 seconds) for each item during each occurrence. Exception: There is no penalty for a member or constructed portion touching the ground within a footing. However, construction may proceed if it is no longer possible to hold the bearing surfaces of a constructed portion within the footings. In this situation, the captain may request that the clock be stopped while the difficulty is demonstrated to the head judge. If the head judge is convinced, no additional accidents will be cited for a constructed portion touching the ground outside the footings (regulation ), the clock will be restarted, construction will resume, and a 200-pound weight penalty will be assessed, even if the bearing surfaces of the bridge are within the footings when it is completed Outside the staging yards, a member that is not part of a constructed portion touches or is in contact with another member that is not part of a constructed portion. Penalty is 1/4 minute (15 seconds) for each occurrence. Exception: There is no penalty if a member that is on the ground within a footing touches another member. 20

110 CONSTRUCTION SITE See the Site Diagram for layout of the construction site. The host student chapter lays out the site before the competition. The construction site shall be laid out so that tape that designates lines is wet or out of bounds. That is, the edges of tapes, not the centerlines, designate the lines shown on the drawing START Before construction begins, only the following are in staging yards: all builders, members, loose nuts, loose bolts, and tools. Every member, loose nut, loose bolt, and tool must be in contact with the ground and must fit entirely within the assigned area of a staging yard as designated on the Staging Yard detail on the Site Diagram. Loose nuts may be installed on loose bolts. Builders are wearing personal protective equipment as well as optional clothing such as pouches. Builders start without members, tools, nuts, and bolts, which may be picked up and passed from one builder to another after timed construction begins. There shall be nothing within the construction site that is not in a staging yard Judges inspect members, loose nuts, loose bolts, and tools as they are placed in the staging yard. Tools that do not conform to regulation shall be removed from the staging yard and shall not be used. After inspection and throughout timed construction, additional members, tools, nuts, bolts, or other items shall not be brought into the construction site nor shall anything be removed. Additional builders shall not enter the construction site after the beginning of timed construction Timing and construction begin when the captain signifies that the team is ready and the judge declares the start TIME Time is kept from start to finish of construction. The clock will be stopped under the following conditions (1) if a builder or judge sees a condition that could cause injury, or (2) when a safety regulation has been violated (see 10.2 and 10.3), or (3) when work has been accomplished by committing an accident. The clock is not stopped if the accident does not contribute to the construction process (see 10.4), or (4) if a builder or judge is injured Construction ceases while the clock is stopped. After the situation has been corrected, builders, tools, and bridge components are returned to the positions they occupied immediately before the interruption, and the clock is restarted. 21

111 TIME LIMIT If construction time not including penalties exceeds thirty minutes, the scoring spreadsheet will count construction time as 180 minutes. Accidents (10.4) that occur after thirty minutes will not be penalized but safety regulations (10.2 and 10.3) will still be enforced. Judges may inform the team when this time limit is approaching and shall inform them when it is reached If construction time not including penalties exceeds 45 minutes, judges will halt construction. If local conditions allow and the head judge approves, the team may move its bridge off site for continued, untimed construction if it can be done safely. The bridge will not be eligible for awards in any category, but it may be load tested at the discretion of the head judge if that can be done safely within available time FINISH Construction ends and the clock is stopped when (1) the bridge has been completed by connecting all the members that were in the staging yards at the start of timed construction, (2) all builders are in the staging yards, (3) all tools and extra nuts and bolts are held in the hands of builders, or are in clothing worn by builders, or are on the ground in the staging yards, and (4) the captain informs the judge that construction is complete Installation of decking is not included in timed construction The bridge shall not be modified after construction, except for correction of connections as prescribed in sub-section

112 DAMAGE Section 11 LOAD TEST INSTRUCTIONS A bridge with damage that would reduce its strength or stability (such as a fractured weld, missing or broken member, broken bolt, or missing nut) will not be approved for load testing and will not be ranked for awards in any category. Repair and modifications are not permitted after timed construction except as prescribed in sub-section SAFETY PRECAUTIONS It is the responsibility of judges, host personnel, and competitors to employ effectively all precautions, which are summarized in this sub-section (11.2). Competitors should follow the same precautions when proof testing bridges in preparation for competition General Precautions An activity shall be halted if the judge considers it to be hazardous. If a team cannot load its bridge safely, loading will cease and the bridge will not be ranked for awards in any category Competitors who are not participating in loading, faculty, advisers, and other spectators shall observe from a safe area designated by the judges and host student chapter While participating in load testing, competitors shall wear personal protective equipment consisting of hardhats meeting ANSI standard Z89.1, protective eyewear or safety goggles meeting ANSI standard Z87.1, work gloves, and leather construction boots. This safety equipment is provided by each team. Judges will not permit load testing by competitors who are not wearing the specified personal protective equipment or are wearing it improperly Lateral Load Test Precautions There shall be no more than three students in the crew that participates in a lateral load test A bridge that sways in excess of one inch during lateral load testing shall not be loaded vertically and will not be ranked for awards in any categories. 23

113 Vertical Load Test Precautions Bridges may collapse suddenly without warning, and a failure may involve only one side so that the load falls sideways off the bridge. The intent of the provisions of this sub-section (11.2.3) is to prevent personal injury if a bridge collapses The number of people near the bridge shall be minimized during vertical load tests. The loading crew is limited to three students, but substitutions may be made during the loading process Safety supports shall be provided by the host chapter, and shall be of adequate strength, height, and number to arrest falling load if a bridge collapses Safety supports shall be in place under the decking units before load is placed on the bridge The number and location of safety supports under a decking unit shall be sufficient to arrest the load even if only one side or one end of the bridge collapses. Therefore, safety supports are needed under the sides and ends of the decking units, not just in the middle. Safety supports should be directly under decking units rather than under bridge trusses or cross braces, if possible Safety supports shall be adjusted individually for each bridge so that load cannot drop more than six inches. If the height of the safety supports is not adjustable in appropriate increments, they shall be augmented with pieces of wood or other suitable material provided by the host student chapter No one shall reach, crawl, or step under a bridge, or stand inside a bridge while any portion of vertical load is in place. If safety supports must be adjusted during loading, the load shall first be removed without disturbing the bridge, adjustments made, and the load replaced as it was before being removed Bridges that inhibit safely placing vertical load shall not be tested and will not be ranked for awards in any category Judges shall continuously observe sway carefully during vertical load testing. If sway exceeds one inch, loading shall cease and load shall be removed carefully Judges shall continuously observe deflections carefully. If any deflection exceeds three inches downward, loading shall cease and load shall be removed carefully Judges shall continuously observe the behavior of the bridge. Loading shall cease and the load shall be removed carefully if, in the opinion of a judge, collapse is imminent. 24

114 PREPARATION The captain shall observe the load tests and may handle load. A captain who does not handle load shall comply with but does not count toward the three-person limit. Teams shall accept imperfect field conditions such as bent decking, sloping floors, and unfavorable floor surfaces. For each bridge, the judge will determine by a randomizing process (e.g., coin flip) which end is the east end. The other end is the west end. Left and right sides are relative to travel from west to east. Positions L1 and L2 of decking units and lateral load are determined at the beginning of the competition as described by paragraph 7.1 (6) and illustrated by the Lateral Load Test Plan and Vertical Load Test Plan on the Load Test Diagrams. At their discretion, judges may impose a penalty for a bridge that incorporates parts having the primary function of interfering with placement of decking, load, or measuring devices. If the bridge cannot be loaded safely, or sway or deflection cannot be measured in accordance with the provisions of this section (11), the bridge shall not be load tested and will not be ranked for awards in any category. Sway" is translation in any horizontal direction. Typically, sway is determined by using a plumb bob attached to the bridge at a specific point, but sway limits apply even if the plumb bob is displaced by contact with another part of the bridge. 25

115 LATERAL LOAD TEST The provisions of this sub-section (11.4) are illustrated by the Lateral Load Test Plan on the Load Test Diagrams Set Up Lateral load tests are conducted with one decking unit positioned at a distance L1 from the east end of the stringers and approximately 75 pounds of weight on that decking near the left side of the bridge. This load is intended to restrain the bearing surfaces of the bridge from lifting off the floor when lateral load is applied. No additional uplift restraint will be used, even if bearing surfaces lift. Bearing surfaces are prevented from sliding by lateral restraint applied by the loading crew. This lateral restraint shall not restrain rotation or uplift. The restraint is applied as close to the floor as possible, at the locations shown on the Lateral Load Test Plan on the Load Test Diagrams. Teams may provide and use optional devices to prevent sliding. The lateral load test is failed if the bridge is restrained in other than the lateral direction, or if the restraint is not applied close to the ground, or if the restraint is not effective Lateral Load Test A fifty-pound lateral load is applied and sway is measured on the right side of the bridge, centered on the decking unit positioned at L1. Lateral load is applied at the level of the decking or top of the stringer, which is the bottom of the decking. The sway measurement is made as close as possible to the location of the lateral load. The test is failed if sway exceeds one inch. If the bridge fails the lateral load test it will not be ranked for awards in any category. Do not conduct the vertical load test. Check the appropriate box on the judges data form. If the bridge passes the lateral load test, proceed with the vertical load test. 26

116 VERTICAL LOAD TEST The provisions of this section are illustrated by the Vertical Load Test Plan and Vertical Load Test on the Load Test Diagrams Set Up Decking units are 3-0 long in the longitudinal (span) direction of the bridge so that the main bars of grating span laterally. Two decking units are used. Decking units are placed square with and centered on the stringers. Decking units shall not be attached to the bridge and shall not distort it (see and 9.2.4). Two decking units are placed at distances L1 and L2 from the east end of the tops of the stringers. A decking unit that does not contact the top of a stringer at a location where deflection will be measured will be clamped to the stringer at or near that location. The clamp will be removed when sufficient load is in place to hold the decking unit in contact with the top of the stringer Safety supports are placed under the decking units so that no portion of the load will drop more than approximately six inches if the bridge collapses Deflection is vertical translation. Deflections are measured as close as possible to the tops of stringers, which are at the same level as the bottom of the decking. Measurements are made at the following locations D1 centered on the left side of the decking unit positioned at L1. D2 centered on the left side of the decking unit positioned at L2. Sway is observed on the right side of the bridge, at the center of the decking unit positioned at L1. 27

117 General Loading Procedure Load is laterally centered on the decking unit and distributed over the length of the decking unit as uniformly as possible. Load is distributed and aligned identically for each bridge. Load shall be placed at a steady pace, without hesitation. Crews shall stand outside the bridge while placing load. As load is being placed, continuously observe deflection and sway. Stop loading if (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) sway exceeds one inch, or any measured deflection exceeds three inches downward, or decking or any part of the bridge, other than the intended bearing surfaces, comes to bear on a safety support or the floor, or a decking unit or some of the load falls off the bridge, or the bridge collapses or a dangerous collapse is imminent in the opinion of the judge. If loading is stopped for any of the situations a, b, c, d, or e, the bridge is not approved for further load testing and will not be ranked for awards in any category. Do not continue load testing. Ask the crew to remove the load carefully. Check the appropriate box on the judge s data form. Deflections measured while the vertical load is in place will be used by the scoring spreadsheet to compute aggregate deflection by adding the absolute values of deflections at D1 and D2, and then rounding the sum to the nearest 0.01 inch. If any measured deflection exceeds two inches, the scoring spreadsheet will add penalties of $4,000,000 to the Construction Economy score and $10,000,000 to the Structural Efficiency score Vertical Load Test (1) The crew distributes 100 pounds of preload on the decking unit positioned at L1. The preload is distributed uniformly, centered laterally on the decking unit, and positioned identically for each bridge. (2) Initialize the sway measurement device. (3) Initialize the two deflection measuring devices at D1 and D2, or record the initial readings. (4) The crew places 1400 pounds of additional load on the decking unit at L1. (5) The crew places 1000 pounds of additional load on the decking unit at L2. (6) Record the final readings for D1 and D2. 28

118 Loss of Data If deflection data is lost or compromised, the judge will require the team to disassemble the bridge, repeat timed construction beginning with the initial conditions prescribed in 10.6, and redo lateral and vertical load tests. Compliance with specifications in section 8 and sub-section 9.3 will not be checked again, but compliance with specifications in 9.4 and 9.5 will be verified. Scoring will be based on the run that results in the larger construction cost Cc (not including load test penalties), but will not exceed 110% of Cc (not including load test penalties) for the initial run UNLOADING Load on the L2 decking unit is removed before the load on L1. If the bridge collapses during unloading (situation c, d, or e in ), it is not eligible for awards in any category SOURCES OF INFORMATION Section 12 EQUIPMENT PROVIDED BY HOST Equipment for hosting a competition is listed and described in the Competition Guide at This site also includes competition procedures and illustrations of bridge details that demonstrate compliance and non-compliance with specifications and regulations. Host personnel, judges, and competitors are encouraged to review the site. Although the equipment described in this section (12) will be provided by the host student chapter, competitors should acquire similar equipment for load testing before the competition DECKING Preferred decking is steel bar grating identified as W-19-4 (1 x 1 /8 ). The dimensions of a unit of grating are approximately 3'-6 x 3'-0 x 1 and the weight is approximately fifty pounds. However, the host may provide a different type of decking with approximately the same length and width. Grating has significant bending strength only in the direction of the main bars, which are 3'-6 long. The grating will be installed with the main bars perpendicular to the length of the bridge, creating a roadway that is 3'-6 wide. Therefore, support for the grating is needed for the edges that are parallel to the length of the bridge but not for the edges that are perpendicular to the length. 29

119 SAFETY SUPPORTS Safety supports must be used during load tests and are intended to limit the consequences of a bridge collapsing. Safety supports shall be of sufficient height, strength, number, and extent so that none of the load will fall more than approximately six inches if the bridge collapses. Safety supports may be steel, nested stacks of plastic buckets, jack stands, timbers, sand bags, or masonry units LOAD A total load of 2500 pounds should be supplied in pieces of uniform size and weight that can be handled safely. When in place, the load should not provide significant stiffness in the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The recommended load consists of 25-pound lengths of 5 x 5 x 5 /16 steel angle placed perpendicular to the length of the bridge. Alternatively, sacks of material, containers of liquid, concrete blocks, or jacking systems could be used. Decking is not included as part of the 2500-pound load. If a jacking system is used, loading forces may be concentrated nine inches in from each end of the decking units TEMPLATE A template as dimensioned in the Clearance Template detail on the Bridge Diagram. Plywood is recommended. Holes for handholds are helpful but optional. Section 13 INTERPRETATION OF RULES The web site lists clarifications of the rules. Students, judges, and host personnel may submit questions via a form on that web site but should first read the previously posted clarifications, reread this rules document carefully in its entirety, and review the Competition Guide at Submitters names and affiliations must accompany clarification requests and will be posted with the questions and answers. Questions shall be limited to interpretation of rules; specific designs and procedures will not be validated. Deliberation by the SSBC Rules Committee typically requires one to two weeks but possibly longer. Questions must be submitted before 5:00 PM Eastern Daylight Saving Time, May 7,

120 2018 Section 14 JUDGING The host student chapter will recruit judges. Judges are empowered to halt any activity that they deem to be hazardous. Judges have full authority over conduct of the competition and interpretation of the rules. Decisions, scoring, and ranking are the sole responsibility of the judges and will be final. The host student chapter will assure that the judges are fully informed of the rules and procedures, and fully equipped for their tasks. More information for host chapters and judges is available at and at where the official scoring spreadsheet may be downloaded and the Competition Guide reviewed CONFERENCE COMPETITIONS Section 15 APPEALS At the beginning of the competition each team will identify its captain. The host chapter will identify the conference head judge (CHJ) A penalty, decision, measurement, score, condition of competition, or interpretation of rules may be appealed only by the team captain and only to the CHJ. The CHJ will not hear the appeal if he or she is approached by anyone other than the team captain. The CHJ will refuse to hear protests regarding bridges other than the captain s. The appeal must be made as soon as possible after the situation becomes apparent. The CHJ will hear the appeal as soon as possible and may interrupt the competition. If the captain does not consent to the decision of the CHJ, he or she shall write an explanation on the judge s data form before signing it. Participants are reminded that civility and ethical behavior are expected during the competition and particularly concerning appeals After the conference competition, the Rules Committee will consider only those appeals that allege errors in interpretation of rules, and only if those appeals were made to the CHJ during the conference competition in conformance with Appeals should be submitted by to Ms. Maria Mnookin mnookin@aisc.org and shall include (1) name of the college or university making the appeal, (2) captain s name, address, and telephone number, (3) faculty adviser s name, address, and telephone number, (4) brief description of the problem, including citation of pertinent rules, (5) action taken at the competition to deal with the problem, (6) action that the appealing team feels should have been taken, and (7) data showing that the team should have qualified for national competition. 31

121 2018 The SSBC Rules Committee may ask the host student chapter to provide judges data forms documenting the problem and may confer with the CHJ Appeals must be made by . An appeal will be considered only if the is received by 5:00 PM Eastern Daylight Saving Time on the Wednesday immediately after the conference competition. Ms. Mnookin will forward the appeal to the SSBC Rules Committee for their evaluation. The Committee will not respond to an appeal until the official scoring spreadsheet for that conference has been submitted by the host chapter to The only redress that may be made is an invitation to participate in the national competition if the Committee is convinced that the appeal is valid and that the appealing team should have qualified for the national competition. Decisions and rankings made by conference judges will not be overturned NATIONAL COMPETITION Judges will refuse to hear protests from a team concerning any bridge other than their own A penalty, decision, measurement, score, condition of competition, or interpretation of rules may be appealed only by a team captain and only to the station head judge (SHJ). The SHJ will not hear the appeal if he or she is approached by anyone other than the team captain. The appeal must be made as soon as possible after the situation becomes apparent and before the conditions at issue are changed (e.g., by further construction, loading, or disassembly of the bridge). The SHJ will hear the appeal as soon as possible and will make a ruling. The conditions at issue will not be changed during deliberation. Teams are reminded that civility and ethical behavior are expected during the competition and particularly concerning appeals After hearing the SHJ s ruling, the team captain may request a five-minute recess to discuss the issue with the team. During the recess, the conditions at issue will not be changed. Immediately after that recess, if the team has justification to contest the SHJ s ruling, the captain has the option to appeal that decision to the national head judge (NHJ). The NHJ will hear the appeal as soon as possible and will make a ruling. The NHJ may consult with the SSBC Rules Committee. The conditions at issue will not be changed during deliberation If the team has justification to contest the NHJ s ruling, the team captain has the option to appeal that decision directly to the SSBC Rules Committee within fifteen minutes after hearing the NHJ s ruling. The Committee may request information from the NHJ and SHJ but those judges will not vote on the final ruling The decision of the SSBC Rules Committee is final; there are no further appeals. However, AISC and ASCE welcome written suggestions for improving future competitions. 32

122 2018 Accident 10.4 Aggregate deflection Bolt Bridge Builder Captain Constructed portion Construction cost Construction economy Construction site Construction speed Construction zone D1, D Data form 6.1 Decking , 12.2 Deflection Display East 7.1 (6) Footing Ground Guest team Judge 14 L1, L2 7.1 (6) Lateral restraint Left 7.1 (6) Lightness Load , 12.4 Loose bolt , Loose nut , Section 16 INDEX OF DEFINITIONS Measured weight Member Nut Overall performance Personal protective equipment , Poster Pouch Right 7.1 (6) River Safety 5 Safety supports , 12.3 Scoring spreadsheet 6.1 Site boundary Staging yard Steel 8.1 Stiffness Stringer Structural cost Structural efficiency Sway 11.3 Team 4.2.3, Template 9.3.8, 12.5 Tool Total time Total weight Transportation zone West 7.1 (6) 33

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126 The Geo-Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers Presents Competition Rules for the National GeoWall Held During International Foundations Conference and Equipment Expo (IFCEE) 2018 Important Dates Rules published: September 15, 2017 Design papers due: January 5, 2018 Finalists notified: January 29, 2018 Pre-Competition Captains Meeting: March 8, 2018 Competition: March 9, 2018 IFCEE 2018 Info: GeoChallenge Official Information Site: Revision 01: September 3, 2017

127 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Geo-Institute of the ASCE 1. Objective The objective of the GeoWall competition is to design and build a model wrapped faced segmental mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) retaining wall using kraft paper. The competition objectives are for students to: a) Design a wrapped face segmental MSE wall using the least amount of facing and reinforcement material needed to support the retained soil plus both vertical and horizontal surcharge loads. b) Effectively communicate their analysis and design processes. c) Enjoy a friendly but spirited competition among schools. d) Attend a world-class professional engineering conference. 2. Background MSE walls have root to prehistoric builders who used sticks and branches to reinforce soil structures. The modern use of reinforced soils dates to the 1960s and French architect Henri Vidal s development of the Reinforced Earth system. In the US, the first MSE wall was built on California SR-39 near Los Angeles in A more recent development in MSE walls is the wrapped face segmental wall as shown in Figure 1. This year s competition will model this development of MSE walls by requiring teams to design and construct a wrapped face retaining wall. Figure 1: Typical wrapped face MSE walls 3. Eligibility Only one team per school will be allowed to compete. A team consists of a maximum of four (4) students consisting of not more than two (2) graduate students. Each team shall designate a captain who shall be the point of contact for the team. All team members must be enrolled students at the date of the national competition. 4. Design Report Submittal Invitation to the National Competition will be based upon submittal and ranking of the Wrapped Face Segmental (MSE) Wall Design Report. The report must include: a) Cover page with name of institution; names and status (graduate, undergraduate) of each team member; identification of team captain with address; and name, title, and address of faculty advisor. b) Material properties used in design including methods (lab tests, correlations, assumptions) used to obtain the properties. c) Description of the engineering design and construction procedures including assumptions and equations used. d) A complete description of the geometry and placement of all wrapped face MSE wall elements. Estimated mass of the facing and reinforcing paper in grams and total length of kraft paper required to construct the wrapped face MSE wall. 2/18

128 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 3, 2017 e) A safety appendix (Appendix E) which outlines the potentially hazardous tasks reasonably expected during the competition and how the team will mitigate these hazards. Formatting requirements: a) Length shall be a maximum of three (3) pages long (not including references, cover page, or safety appendix). Over-length design reports will not be reviewed. b) One inch margins, single spaced, and 12 point Times New Roman font. c) All pages after the cover page shall contain a header identifying the team and a footer with the page number. d) Entire design report must be submitted in a single PDF format file with a filename of <School Abbreviation>2018GeoWall.pdf. Design reports will be judged by a panel of practicing engineers and professors. Judging will consider reasonableness of design equations, material properties, factors of safety, assumptions, and satisfaction of the objective of this competition. Trial and error designs will be heavily penalized. Teams not submitting designs for a wrapped face segmental MSE wall will be disqualified. The judging rubric is presented in Appendix C. Complete design report must be submitted in PDF format via to Dr. Binod Tiwari, (btiwari@fullerton.edu) by 6:00 pm PST January 5, Subject line must include GeoWall 2017 Submittal. Sender will receive confirmation of receipt by . Any changes or corrections made to the design report after this time will incur a penalty. 5. National Competition Selection Up to twenty teams will be selected for the National Finals GeoWall competition based upon scores earned on the design reports. Teams selected for National Finals must complete Appendices F and G and submit copies to Dr. Tiwari at the address in section Sandbox The wrapped face segmental MSE wall will be constructed within an apparatus hereafter referred to as a sandbox. Each team shall bring their own sandbox to the competition. Painting and addition of school or sponsor logos and other decorations to the exterior of the sandbox is highly encouraged. The sandbox shall be made up of a bottom and four vertical sides with no top. The front panel will be removable as shown in Figure 2. The removable box panel will be in place during wall construction and removed after construction to expose the wrapped face segmental MSE wall. The sandbox will also include two PVC piles used to apply the horizontal load. Dimensions of the sandbox and the PVC piles are shown in Figures 2 through 4. The sandbox shall meet the following requirements: a) Have exterior walls and base constructed of any grade of plywood not to exceed ¾ -inch (19 mm) thick. b) Have planar inside surfaces with the natural plywood finish. c) Have a removable front as shown in Figure 2. Panels must be flush with the base of the box and held in place with threaded inserts, screws, hinges or other easily removable fasteners. d) Have a full-sized base such that it extends no more than ¾ inch (19 mm) beyond the base of the wall once the front panel has been removed. e) Include a steel tie rod designed to keep the two fixed sides of the box parallel after removal of the facing panel. f) Include circular guides to ensure bases of the PVC piles are held in the correct location. A temporary template may be used to control alignment at the top of the piles. g) Any templates used must be removed after wall construction and before testing. h) All dimensions of the sandbox shall be as shown in Figures 2 and 3. 3/21

129 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 3, 2017 For convenience, sandboxes may be designed so they can be transported as flat pieces and reassembled at the competition site. Sandboxes and PVC piles will be checked for compliance at the pre-competition captains meeting. Teams will have until 9:45 am local time the day of the competition to correct any compliance issues. Any team with a sandbox and/or PVC piles out of compliance at the start of the competition will be penalized. 7. Piles Two vertical piles will be used to apply the horizontal load to the backfill behind the wall. Each team will provide their own piles. Piles will be fabricated out of 1-½ schedule 40 PVC pipe. Please see Figure 2 for the pile locations and length requirements. 8. Backfill Material The backfill material will be sand provided by competition organizers on site. The sand will be a clean, dry, rounded to subrounded sand with grain size as specified in Table 1 and Figure 5. The backfill material must be used as-is: no water, additives, or chemical stabilizers may be placed in the backfill material. Competition organizers will make reasonable efforts to ensure the competition backfill materials meet the specifications in Table 1 and Figure 5. Teams will be allowed to examine a sample of the competition backfill at the captains meeting. No backfill samples may be removed from the meeting room. Teams may modify their wall design at this time if they desire. See section 12 below. Table 1: Representative anticipated grain-size distribution for GeoChallenge competition sand. Typical Distribution Lower Bound Upper Bound Size (mm) % Passing Size (mm) % Passing Size (mm) % Passing Wall Materials Materials will be provided by competition organizers on site. See Appendix B for detailed specifications. Facing and reinforcement for the wrapped faced segmental MSE wall will be prepared from 60 lb kraft paper. Quantity of kraft paper will be measured by mass to the nearest 0.01g. There are no restrictions on the shape or geometry of the wall elements, except that all wall elements must be cut from kraft paper and must satisfy the constraints of a wrapped face segmental MSE wall. The teams must specify in their report the length of the 24-inch wide kraft paper required for their design during the competition. Competition organizers will make reasonable efforts to ensure the wall materials meet the specifications in Appendix B. Teams will be allowed to examine small samples of the reinforcing material at the captains meeting. No reinforcing material samples may be removed from the meeting room. Teams may modify their wall design at this time if they desire. See section 12 below. 4/21

130 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 3, ±1/8" Figure 2: Sandbox dimensions (not to scale) 5/21

131 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 3, 2017 Figure 3: Load Placement (not to scale) 6/21

132 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 3, 2017 Figure 4: Dimensions of Horizontal Load Frame (not to scale) 7/21

133 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 3, 2017 Sieve Analysis FINES SAND Fine Medium Course Fine GRAVEL Course 100% 80% % Finer by Weight 60% 40% Estimated lower limit Estimated upper limit 20% 0% Grain Diameter (mm) Figure 5: Estimated grain size distribution of backfill sand 10. Construction Tools - The following construction tools may be used and must be provided by the competing team (quantities of these items shall not be restricted): a) Pencils, pens, and markers b) Rulers and straight edges c) Levels d) Manually operated cutting instruments (e.g., scissors, utility knifes, safety razor blades, hole punch) e) Cutting boards or mats f) Design notes, calculations, and drawings g) Material handling and compaction tools consisting of any hand operated devices. h) Screwdrivers (battery operated drills or screwdrivers may be used, but only to remove fasteners when removing the facing panels) i) Temporary templates for use in any stage of competition. These templates may be made of any material, must not have any moving parts, and must be removed at the end of any stage in which they are used. Buckets and shovels will be provided by the competition organizers. It may be necessary for teams to haul backfill a distance up to 20 feet. 11. Execution Construction and testing of the wall will be done in the following stages: a) Reinforcement Fabrication Stage Each team will be provided with 60 lb kraft paper (as mentioned in their design report). The team must fabricate all their wrapped face segmental MSE wall elements from those sheets using authorized construction tools. Twenty (20) minutes will be allotted for this stage. Teams will be penalized for time exceeding the time limit. After all wrapped face MSE wall elements are fabricated, excess material will be disposed of and the judges will weigh the reinforcing elements to the nearest 0.01 grams. 8/21

134 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 3, 2017 b) Construction Stage After each team s wrapped face segmental MSE wall elements have been fabricated and weighed, the judges will instruct the team to start construction. During this stage the team constructs the wrapped face segmental MSE wall filling the box with sand so that the backfill line (see Figure 2) is covered and the backfill is level, and places the empty 5 gallon vertical surcharge bucket on top of the sand. The facing material must be in direct contact with the inside of the sandbox at all times during this stage. The tie rod may be removed from the box at the start of this stage, but it must be in place before any sand is placed in the box. Temporary templates or guides may be used during this stage so long as they are removed before the end of the stage. The construction stage is complete when the wall is in place, the sand backfill covers the sand fill line and is level, any temporary templates or guides have been removed, and the empty vertical surcharge loading bucket is in place. Twenty-five (25) minutes will be allotted for this stage. At the end of the phase, judges will check fill placement and the placement of the empty vertical surcharge loading bucket to ensure that they meet the requirements. c) Loading Stage Details of the load placement are shown in Figure 3. This stage occurs in three steps: 1) removal of front panel, 2) placement of vertical surcharge, and 3) placement of the static horizontal surcharge load. During each step, the wall will be checked for the following three criteria: 1) excessive deformation (any portion of the wall extending outside imaginary planes extending vertically from base of sandbox), 2) excessive soil leakage (more than 30 cm 3 of sand passing out of the sandbox), and 3) catastrophic failure. The team will be penalized for excessive soil loss and excessive deformation. The team will be disqualified for a catastrophic failure. i. When directed by judge, the team shall remove the front panel of the sandbox. After the panels are removed, the judge will wait one (1) minute and then check the three criteria. ii. If the wall does not fail catastrophically, the team will then place 50 lbs of sand in the vertical surcharge bucket. The team will have one (1) minute to place the load. After the load is placed, the judge will wait one (1) minute and then check the three criteria. iii. If the wall does not fail catastrophically, the team will hang an empty 5 gallon bucket on the loading frame and place 20 lb of sand in the bucket (see Figure 4). The team will have one (1) minute to complete this loading sequence. After the sequence is complete, the judge will wait one (1) minute and then check the three criteria. The horizontal load frame will be provided by the competition organizers. Teams should not bring their own load frames to the competition. 12. Design Changes Teams may change their design between the time the design report is submitted and the wall is tested. The adjusted mass of the reinforcing material used for scoring, M, will be computed as if m D m A 0.25 M m md ma 0.25 md 0.25 if m 2 D ma 0.25 M max m A md 0.25 ma 2 Where, m D = reinforcing mass (g) reported in design report; A (1) 9/21

135 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 3, 2017 m A = reinforcing mass (g) used during competition; M = adjusted mass (g) rounded to two decimal places Teams may also change the requested length of the 60 lb kraft paper between the time the design report is submitted until 9:45 am local time the day of the competition. The official length of the kraft paper used for the scoring will be computed as the greater of a) the average of the length requested in the design report and the length requested at any point after the submission of the design report until 9:45 am local time the day of the competition or b) the length requested at any point later after the submission of the design report until 9:45 am local time the day of the competition. The official length will be rounded up to the next half foot (6 inches). 13. Scoring After completion of the loading stage, the score for each team will be computed using the following formula: Where, Score = R + 15(60 M) + 5(10 L) 10N min 40N maj 2T 20D (2) R = report score out of 50 points M = adjusted mass of the wrapped face MSE elements in grams from Equation 1 L = official length of 60 lb kraft paper in feet as determined in section 12 N min = number of minor rules violations N maj = number of major rules violations T = total number of minutes over time limit for all phases each rounded up to nearest minute D = deflection rating 8 if wall fails deflection criterion during initial loading without surcharge 6 if wall fails deflection criterion during vertical surcharge loading 4 if wall fails deflection criterion during horizontal surcharge loading 0 if wall passes deflection criterion for all loading phases If the wall fails catastrophically during any loading step, the team will be disqualified. a) Minor Penalties i) Box dimension out of spec ii) Pile location out of spec iii) Any addendum to the design report required by judges which simply clarifies content but does not change the design iv) Any other rule violation that in the opinion of the judges that has the potential to provide the team with a measureable but minor advantage b) Major Penalties i) Soil leakage greater than 30 cm 3 (volume of standard 1 oz plastic medicine cup) ii) Any addendum to the design report required by judges which results in a significant change to the design iii) Any other rule violation that in the opinion of the judges has the potential to provide the team with a significant advantage, but does not warrant disqualification c) Disqualification Teams may be disqualified for the following: i) Failure to design a wrapped face segmental MSE wall ii) Failure to send a representative to the pre-competition captains meeting iii) Unsafe practices 10/21

136 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 3, 2017 iv) Design or construction techniques which violate the spirit of the competition and provide a large and/or unfair advantage v) Catastrophic wall failure at any point during the loading Scores will be recorded to the nearest tenth of a point. In the event of a tie the following criteria will be used, in order, to break the tie: 1) lowest actual reinforcement mass, 2) higher report score, 3) lowest deflection rating, 4) lowest length of reinforcement paper, and 5) judges consensus of best decorated box. The judges will follow the rules as published using reasonable judgment and interpretation. The head judge will be the arbiter of any disputes, which are to be brought forth solely by the Team Captain. Decisions of the head judge are final. Results posted at the competition are not subject to review after the competition. Scoring Example: Assume a team constructs a wall with following characteristics Report Score: 48/50, R = 48 Design report specifies g. Reinforcement used is g. From Equation 1, M = = g 2 Requested length in the design report was 6 feet. The requested length at the captain s meeting was 7.2 feet. Official length, L = 7.5 feet from section 12 Minor deduction for two box dimensions out of spec, N min = 2 Execution times were o Reinforcement fabrication: 20:18 (18 sec over allotted time, round up to 1 min) o Construction: 26:05 (1:05 over allotted time, round up to 2 min) o Total time over: 3 min, T = 3 Note: Only times over limit during each stage are counted. Teams get no benefit for times under the limit of any individual stage. Wall passed deflection test in initial loading without surcharge and during vertical surcharge loading phase, but failed deflection test during horizontal surcharge loading phase, D = 4 Using Equation 2, the final score would be Score = ( ) + 5(10 7.5) 10(2) 40(0) 2(3) 20(4) = See Appendix D for scoring checklists. 14. Pre-Competition Team Captains Meeting A team captains meeting will be held prior to the competition for the purposes of: checking sandboxes and PVC piles for compliance, establishing competition order, gathering team biographical information, and disseminating any logistical or administrative information. This is a MANDATORY meeting. Each team must have the team captain (or designee) present. All team members are encouraged to attend. Specific meeting time and location will be announced on the GeoWall website before the conference. Teams without a representative at the captains meeting will be disqualified. Teams should bring their sandboxes, PVC piles, and any hardware or tools needed for assembly. Sandboxes and piles will be assembled and checked for compliance at the meeting. Teams will have until 9:45 am local time of the day of the competition to correct any compliance issues identified during the captains meeting. Any sandboxes or piles found out of compliance at the captains meeting will be rechecked at this time. Teams shall complete Appendices F and G and bring copies to the captains meeting. The information on these forms will be used by the emcee during the competition. 11/21

137 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 Appendix A: Reimbursements Appendices This form is to be submitted with your design report. This year, any monies due to competitors will be paid to a representative of your university. Examples of valid representatives are your faculty advisor or your departmental accounting administrative assistant. Unacceptable representatives include students, parents, friends, etc. Please provide complete contact information for this representative. School Name of Representative Position at Institution Complete Mailing Address Phone Address 12/21

138 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 Appendix B: Material Specifications Sand: o Clean sand with grain size distribution as specified in Table 1 and Figure 5 o Grain shape will be rounded to sub-rounded Sandbox Material: o Walls and Base: 23/32 or ¾-inch plywood, any grade o Pile guide: any wood material ¼-inch thick or less o Tie Rod: ¼-inch threaded steel rod with washers and nuts as needed o Fasteners: any suitable wood fasteners Pile Material: 1- ½-inch Schedule 40 PVC pipe Horizontal Load Frame Materials: These are recommended materials. Teams may fabricate their load frames out of any materials so long as they have the correct moment arm as shown in Figures 3 and 4. The load frames provided by organizers for the competition will use the following materials and meet dimensions shown in Figure 4. o 1 ¼-inch steel EMT conduit (thin wall electrical conduit) o ¾-inch steel L o ¼-inch bolts o ¼-inch eye hooks Facing and Reinforcing Material: o 60 lb Kraft Paper o Grammage: 97.7 g/m 2, g/in 2 o Office Depot Postal Wrap Item # (2 ft x 50 ft roll) 13/21

139 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 Appendix C: Design Report Judging Rubric Geo-Institute of the ASCE: GeoWall Design Paper Scoring Form Reviewer Guidelines: 1) Place weight on the team ability for engineering reasoning not technical knowledge; 2) Place weight on team communication skills on procedures, findings, and observations; 3) Score in 0.5-point increments; 4) Team to be awarded higher score if design parameters were verified beyond assumptions and references Criterion Max Actual Notes 1) Formatting, Mechanics, Grammar & Safety a. Paper length, margins & font are acceptable 2 Paper complies with specifications b. Layout, or structure, of paper is logical 2 Paper organization is clear and supports the message c. Grammar and punctuation are correct 2 Error free paper with writing that clearly presents design d. Figures and tables are clear, properly numbered, captioned and Good choice of tables vs. figures, clear 2 referenced in the text presentation of data e. References are reasonably formatted and complete 2 Quantity appropriate with correct citations and references f. Appendix A and safety appendix (Appendix E) complete with reasonable controls 2) Experimental Methods, Analyses and Design: a. Methods to obtain soil properties 3 b. Methods to determine reinforcement properties 3 c. Methods to determine backfill-reinforcement interaction 3 d. Engineering properties are reasonable 3 e. Earth-pressure calculations (backfill only) 3 f. Vertical surcharge load included in the design 3 g. Method used to compute pressure applied from laterally loaded piles addressed in report h. Method used to account for segmental front face 3 i. Determination of reinforcement length 2 j. Determination of reinforcement spacing 2 3) Engineering Reasoning and Communication The report is, on the whole, clear, precise, and well-reasoned. Engineering terms and distinctions are used effectively and in keeping with established professional usage. The report demonstrates a clear and precise analysis of the wrapped face segmental MSE wall design problem, very little or no irrelevant 10 information is presented, key assumptions are identified, and key concepts are clarified. The authors have shown, through their report, excellent engineering reasoning and problem-solving skills. Total Clearly identifies key safety concerns and provides viable plans to keep team safe during competition Experimental methods are reasonable and clearly described Experimental methods are reasonable and clearly described Experimental methods are reasonable and clearly described Backfill unit weight, friction angle, interface friction angle, reinforcement strength are compared to typical values Calculations are correct and presented in a logical, readily followed format Considers both lateral loads on wall and effect on reinforcement pullout Considers distribution of lateral loads on wall Method and assumptions are reasonable Method and assumptions are reasonable Method and assumptions are reasonable Scores may range from 0 to 10. It is the opinion of the reviewer as to how the overall report measures up to the criteria listed under item 3 "engineering reasoning and communication". 14/21

140 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 Appendix D: Judges Scoring Checklist for GeoWall Competition D1: Captains meeting Box check Team School: Deductions Item Instruction Minor Major Plywood 23/32 or ¾-inch thickness Inside surfaces planar and natural Box dimensions Within tolerance Sand fill height marked Facing panels Flush to box base Removable fasteners Base extends to outside of vertical facing panels Tie rod ¼-inch diameter Located within tolerances Piles 1-½-inch Sch. 40 PVC Length in tolerance Base guides ¼-inch thick Locations in tolerance Upper pile template easily removable Tools Only authorized tools used Other minor, explain: Other major, explain: Disqualification, explain: Total deductions Notes: 15/21

141 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 D2: Reinforcement fabrication Item Instruction Time Time Give start command. Time ends when all elements cut to size and shape Total > 20:00 (min:sec ) Mass (g) Design Actual Mass Weigh reinforcement to nearest 0.01 g Compute official adjusted Mass, M, using Equation 2 M = Length (g) Design Actual Length Length of 60 lb kraft paper rounded up to the nearest half foot (6 inches) Compute official adjusted Length, L, using section 12 L = Deductions Deductions Minor Major Tools Only authorized tools used Safety No mishaps Other, explain Notes: Total deductions D3: Construction Item Instruction Time > 25:00 Total (min:sec ) Time Give start command. Time ends when soil filled to line and empty bucket is in place Backfill Tools Safety Notes: Level Filled to fill line Only authorized tools used No mishaps Total deductions Deductions Minor Major 16/21

142 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 D4: Loading Team School: Item Instruction Scoring Guidelines Stage 1: Place clean poster board on floor in front of box Backfill Only At judge s direction students remove front panel from box. Electric drills/screwdrivers may be used to remove fasteners. Once panels are completely removed start 1 min wait period. At end of 1 min make following checks: Swipe front wall front and sides with straight edge to check wall deflection Pass Fail D = 8 Less than 30 cm 3 sand leaked from box onto floor Pass Fail Major Ded Catastrophic failure Fail Pass Disqualified Stage 2: Vertical Surcharge Stage 3: Horizontal Load Bucket pre-weighed with 50 lbs of sand should be ready. At judge s direction students add 50 lbs of sand to surcharge bucket. Students have one minute to complete loading. Once load is placed start 1 min wait period. At end of 1 min make following checks: Loading complete within 1 minute Yes No Minor Ded Swipe wall front with straight edge to check wall deflection Pass Fail D = 6 Less than 30 cm 3 sand leaked from box onto floor Pass Fail Major Ded Catastrophic failure Fail Pass Disqualified Bucket pre-weighed with 20 lbs of sand should be ready. At judge s direction students add 20 lbs of sand to horizontal loading bucket. Students have one minute to complete loading. At end of 1 min make following checks: Loading complete within 1 minute Yes No Minor Ded Swipe wall front with straight edge to check wall deflection Pass Fail D=4 Less than 30 cm 3 sand leaked from box onto floor Pass Fail Major Ded Catastrophic failure Faill Pass Disqualified 17/21

143 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 D5: Scoring Adjusted mass, M, computed by if if m m D D m m A A M M m A md ma 0.25 md max m A md 0.25 ma 2 Score = R + 15(60 M) + 5(10 L) 10N min 40N maj 2T 20D Team School: Item Score Weight Extended Report score out of 50, R 1 Reinforcement mass score, enter as (60 M) 15 Official length of 60 lb kraft paper, enter as (10-L) 5 Total # of minor deductions, N min -10 Total # of major deductions, N maj -40 Total time over limit rounded up to nearest whole minute, T -2 Deflection rating, D 8 = Deflection exceeded at Stage 1 6 = Deflection exceeded at Stage = Deflection exceeded at Stage 3 0 = Deflection never exceeded Catastrophic failure any stage disqualifies the team DQ Stage # Final Score Notes: 18/21

144 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 Appendix E: Safety Appendix This section is intended for each team to consider the competition steps and manage safety risk. Use rows as necessary. Title Work Task Hazards Controls Notes: 1) Safety mishaps that result in bleeding will be classified as major. 19/21

145 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 Appendix F: Bio-form to be completed by each team captain and submitted to the head judge at the pre-competition meeting Geo-Institute of ASCE IFCEE 2018 GeoWall Competition Bios Team School: Team Mascot: No. of Years Competing at Nationals: Team Advisor: Team Captain: Current Year in School (junior, senior, MS, or PhD): Hometown (City and State or Country) Other School Activities: Interests/Hobbies: Future Plans, e.g., graduate school, consulting, government, other? Geographical preferences? 20/21

146 GeoWall 2018 Competition Rules Rev 01 September 5, 2017 Appendix G: Bio-form to be completed by each team member and submitted to the head judge at the pre-competition meeting Team School: Team Mascot: No. of Years Competing at Nationals: Team Advisor: Team Member: Geo-Institute of ASCE IFCEE 2018 GeoWall Competition Bios Current Year in School (junior, senior, MS, or PhD): Hometown (City and State or Country) Other School Activities: Interests/Hobbies: Future Plans, e.g., graduate school, consulting, government, other? Geographical preferences? 21/21

147 Technical Paper 2018 Topic: "How does the personal and professional use of social media relate to the ASCE Code of Ethics? For consideration: Social media is used daily for sharing, marketing, networking, and providing personal comments on issues. Should your social media posts define you as a civil engineer? Should they be grounds for your employer to discipline or terminate you? Is it good practice to share news stories about failing infrastructure, comment about fellow engineers/contractors, post information about upcoming contracts, or send pictures of job sites or engineering plans? Entries for the contest shall be limited to one paper from each ASCE or AEI Student Organization and must be submitted through the Faculty Advisor. Questions should be directed to ASCE Student Services. RULES I. The Daniel W. Mead Prize for Students may be awarded annually on the basis of a paper on professional ethics. Each year the specific topic of the contest for the forthcoming year shall be selected by the Committee on Student Members for the Student Award. II. Members of Student Organizations of the Society who are in good standing at the time their papers are submitted are eligible for the contest, unless they have previously received the national award for which they are competing. III. Papers for the national contests shall (a) be limited to one paper from each Student Organization; (b) not exceed 2,000 words in length; (c) be written by only one person; and (d) not have previously been published in other than school or Society publications. IV. The Committee on Student Members shall review each submission and recommend the top five student papers as Society finalists, of which one may be selected as the national winner for approval by the Executive Committee. V. All finalists shall receive an appropriate certificate recognizing their achievements. If there is a national winner, they shall receive a wall plaque rather than a certificate.

148 Environmental Competition Pacific Southwest Conference Objective The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Environmental Design Competition encourages students to gain experience in designing and constructing low-tech, unconventional water treatment systems. Participating students will learn of the necessary procedure to remove contaminants from drinking water without the technology or budget of a full water treatment facility. By conducting research, testing alternatives, and finalizing a water treatment design, each team will be prepared to demonstrate the simplicity of constructing their model and its efficacy to remove harmful contaminants. The goals of this competition are to inspire innovation, create an awareness of the water quality needs outside of the United States, and provide future water quality engineers with invaluable hands-on experience. 2.0 Participant Rules Each university may enter only one team Teams must consist of a minimum of 4 members and a maximum of 6 with two identified alternates Everyone on the team must be a registered participant of ASCE and PSWC 2018 The team must have at least one underclassman The team must have at least one female 3.0 Event Description Although there are several noticeable exceptions, the United States is generally successful at providing clean drinking water to its citizens. Meanwhile, millions of individuals living in developing countries still do not have access to a protected water source, and even those sources protected against contamination may not be safe to drink. The major challenge that these countries face primarily stems from a lack of funding. Until every nation reaches an equality in terms of safe drinking water, a temporary solution needs to exist in order to save those who still remain unassisted. It has been requested that water quality engineers in privileged countries help end this condition by designing a reusable, low-cost household water treatment system that is low maintenance and simple to construct. Each team will design a transportable water treatment system utilizing readily available and affordable materials. In addition to the analysis, design, construction and testing of the system; teams will be required to submit a final design report, provide a process flow diagram during construction, present a technical presentation, and construct/test their water filtration systems on-site.

149 4.0 Contaminated Water Constituents The objective of the competition is to remove harmful contaminants from polluted water, bringing it up to potable standards. The following contaminants will be present in the following quantities. Table 1: Contaminant quantities per nine gallon sample Contaminant Quantity per nine gallon sample Miracle Gro All Purpose Plant Food Bulk Apothecary Kaolin Clay Star Kay White Pure Lavender Extract Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) effluent 1000 g 1000 g 30 ml 20 ml The contaminants listed in Table 1 will be added to each nine gallon water sample in the following order: Miracle Gro All Purpose Plant Food, Bulk Apothecary Kaolin Clay, Star Kay White Pure Lavender Extract, and WWTP effluent. The contaminants will be split evenly between two five gallon buckets, each containing four and half gallons of water. Utilizing a yardstick, the mixture will be stirred thoroughly for one minute after all of the contaminants are added. It will be mixed again for one minute immediately before the start of the treatment process. 5.0 Budget Budgets must not exceed $500. This includes all materials and equipment found inside the 10 x 10 space during the construction portion of the competition (e.g. water collection bin, nails, sand, etc.). Tools used to pre-mark the materials before the competition are not included in expenses unless they were utilized during the 30 minute construction time (e.g. permanent markers, power drill, etc.). The flow diagram is not included within the $500 budget. For donated items used, the commercial value will need to be included in the value as well. These commercial values must be adapted from either Walmart or HomeDepot.com and placed within a table before the receipts in the Appendix. This also includes any item that was reclaimed from a recycling plant or landfill. Each team must provide scanned images of receipts used to complete the design within the Appendix of the submitted design report. 6.0 Design Report Each team is required to submit a design report detailing the overall project and must include a description of the design process, final design, treatment principles utilized, environmental impacts, cost analysis, and tables of material and operational costs. 6.1 General Requirements The body and appendices of the Design Report must be presented on white 8 ½ x 11 pages in portrait orientation. No background images or watermarks are permitted behind the body or appendices of the paper. An Appendix Table of Contents is permitted, but is not required. No blank pages are to be inserted into the report.

150 Body text must be in English and use 12-point, Times New Roman, and be single spaced. Section headings and subheadings may be of greater than 10-point font. The following items must be numbered: headings in the Body of Work section outlined below, body pages, and appendices (e.g. Appendix 1, A- 1, etc.). Photographs, tables, line drawings, graphs, headers and footers are permitted. Captions used are to be no less than 10 point, normal width font. Items such as page numbers, logos, designs, section headings, etc. may be incorporated into the header and footer of the pages and are not subject to the font requirements of the body text. The header and footer may be located within the margin itself (i.e., outside of the body text limits). 6.2 Format Each technical report must include the following items and/or sections: 1. Memo formatted page a. Followed by brief description of contents 2. Professional Cover Page a. University name b. Competition name c. Participant names, majors, and years d. Date submitted 3. Executive Summary: a. Basic information about the team including the name and location of the school b. Overview and highlights of final design and filtration results c. Total cost of the system 4. Professional Table of Contents a. Must have all sections and subsections titles listed with page numbers b. Must include tables for figures, charts, equations, abbreviations, etc. 5. Body of Work a. Methodology i. Identify the methods utilized to conduct the analysis ii. Include the following: formulas, equations, software, references, field work b. Results of analysis i. Description of results ii. Use tables, graphs, diagrams, etc. c. Discussion i. Evaluation of results ii. Discussion of legitimacy iii. Discussion of challenges that may have affected the results d. Conclusion e. References i. Must be cited in IEEE

151 ii. References utilized should only be from credible sources; websites ending in.com/.org are not credible sources 6. Appendices a. Receipts b. Visuals larger than half a page * Please submit an electronic version of your report (in PDF format) via to pswc2018@gmail.com by no later than midnight on March 15, 2018 (11:59 PM). Hardcopy submissions will not be accepted. 7.0 Construction Rules 7.1 Site Constraints The teams will each be given a 10 x 10 area to construct their designs defined by tape on the floor. The site limits will be measured from the inside of the boundary marker. Neither operators nor materials may exceed the boundaries of the area. All sites will be located on a mostly level (slope not to exceed 2%) paved surface. 7.2 Time Constraints Teams will be timed on the construction of their systems. Each team will be limited to a total of thirty minutes to construct the treatment systems. Teams will then be allotted ten minutes to pour the nine gallon sample into their system. At the end of the ten minutes, teams must exit the 10 x 10 area. Twenty minutes will be allowed for the system to treat the water. The collection basin must be removed from the treatment system immediately following the treatment phase. 7.3 Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) To ensure the safety of all those involved, each team member inside the given 10 x 10 space during the construction and treatment phase must be wearing the following PPE: closed-heeled and closed-toed shoes, long pants, long-sleeved shirt, gloves, OSHA approved protective eyewear, and OSHA approved hard hats. Longer hair and loose clothing items must also be tied back or secured. Note these items are not included in the final budget. 7.4 Construction Specifics Teams will place all their unassembled raw materials and tools in the 10 x 10 competition area prior to beginning the construction phase. Judges will compare the provided materials list in the team's technical report to the materials present at the competition. All materials may be brought to conference pretampered with (e.g. marked, cut, drilled) but they must not be pre-built. Store-bought water filters (e.g. Brita filters) cannot be used within the design. Treatment systems must include a collection basin capable of holding nine gallons of water; collection basins will not be provided. Power saws and power blades are not permitted. Battery-powered tools are permitted, with the exception being the items listed in the above detail. Corded power tools of any kind are not permitted.

152 Teams may use up to 4 operators to construct, load, and treat the team's system. Construction time will start once the chief operator says "ready" and the judge will start the clock. Construction time will end once the chief operator says "stop" and the judge will stop the clock. Once the chief operator says "stop," teams may not re-enter the construction region, until the filter loading phase. Teams will be given a maximum of 30 minutes for the construction of the system, ten minutes to pour their water sample into the system, and twenty minutes for their water to filtrate through the system. During the twenty minute treatment phase, team members will not be allowed inside their 10 x 10 construction site. 8.0 Scoring 8.1 Design Report points Professionalism must be taken seriously in order to be credible as future engineers. Teams that submit a logical, cohesive technical report with all required sections and content with zero grammatical or spelling errors will be awarded the full 100 points. Teams that fail to do so will be penalized as follows: 1. Spelling and/or grammatical errors will be deducted 5 points for each error. 2. Teams that fail to submit a design report on time will be disqualified. 3. Teams that fail to submit receipts with their report will be disqualified. 4. Teams that submit design reports with one missing section or more will be disqualified. 8.2 Water Quality points The following table outlines the parameters that will be tested for after the treatment phase and the respective scoring procedure that will be followed for each parameter.

153 Table 2: Water Quality Scoring Average Performance Above Average Performance Parameters Level Points Level Points Total P-PO mg/l 8 1 mg/l 20 Total N-NO mg/l 8 10 mg/l 20 Turbidity 1-5 NTU 8 1 NTU 15 Chlorine N/A 4 ± 1 ppm 15 Total coliforms N/A 5% 15 Odor N/A PASS 15 Chlorine, total coliforms, and odor will be scored on a pass or fail basis. If the above average performance level is not met, zero points will be awarded for that parameter. 8.3 Oral and Process Flow Diagram Presentation points Process Flow Diagram The process flow diagram is to be presented on a poster. Posters may not be larger than the standard poster size of 24 x 36 and does not need to be included in the overall budget. Each process flow diagram must contain a visual depiction of the design, a materials list with respective costs for each item, and proper references. Poster stands will not be provided at the competition Technical Oral Presentation An oral presentation (maximum of 5 minutes, 5 seconds) is to be required for each participating school. All technical presentations must be conducted in a professional manner. Oral presentations must be presented in English. Presentation order will be randomly selected before the competition begins and will be provided no later than the time of on-site registration. The oral presentations will be open to the public for viewing. An additional five minute period is to be permitted for judges questions immediately following the oral presentation. Questions are not to be permitted by members of the audience. The time required to set up equipment must not exceed four additional minutes for each school, and the time required to take down must not exceed four minutes for each school.

154 Equipment The host school will provide two power plugs, two projection screens, and a computer projection unit for general use during the oral presentation. The host school will provide a stage diagram two weeks prior to the competition. Access to the staging area may be limited. The ability to use props may be limited by this restricted access. The individual school making a presentation must furnish any additional equipment necessary. Presenters Presenters may be any of the registered participants of the environmental team who officially sign-in at registration. Presenters include those with speaking parts and individuals operating the computer or overhead projectors during the course of the presentation. A minimum of two people must speak during the live presentation. The use of videos will not be permitted. Teams must not prerecord any speaking parts. No handouts or other materials are to be given to the judges as part of the oral presentation. All team members participating in the presentation must be on stage and available for judge s questions. Deductions Deductions will be assessed for infringements of the specifications, including but not limited to, exceeding the official time limit of 5 minutes 5 seconds and not following the live presentation format. 8.4 Final System Constraints points This section will include the parameters required for the final system. Each parameter has a required parameter goal. Listed below in Table 3 are each of the scoring ranges. Table 3: Final System Constraints Constraints Average Performance Above Average Performance Level Points Level Points Volume 5-8 gal gal 10 Weight N/A 200 lbs. 15 Construction Time N/A 30 min. 15 Budget N/A $ Filter Time N/A 30 min. 20 Process Flow Diagram N/A PASS 20

155 As seen in Table 3, the majority of the constraints are pass/fail for receiving points. The volume constraint is the only one which offers points for an average performance. 8.5 Summary of Competition Scoring The following table displays the Environmental Design Competition s distributed scoring system. The competition is composed of four categories: design report, water quality, oral presentation, and final system constraints. Each category contains various sub-categories outlined in Table 4. Points are evenly distributed throughout each of the four main categories, and it is under the judge s discretion to score teams in a professional manner. Table 4: Scoring Summary Category Sub-Category Maximum Points Design Report Subtotal 100 Total P-PO Total N-NO3-20 Turbidity 15 Water Quality Chlorine 15 Total coliforms 15 Odor 15 Subtotal 100 Technical Content 40 Response to Questions 30 Oral Presentation Visuals 20 Time 10 Subtotal 100 Volume 10 Final System Constraints Weight 15 Construction Time 15 Budget 20

156 Filter Time 20 Process Flow Diagram 20 Subtotal 100 Total 400

157 Transportation Pacific Southwest Conference 2018 *To be added*

158 Sustainability Pacific Southwest Conference 2018 *To be added*

159 Surveying Competition Pacific Southwest Conference Objective The surveying competition serves to evaluate each team member s knowledge and understanding of land surveying equipment and techniques, as well as basic trigonometry in a timed setting. 2.0 Participant Rules Each University may enter only one team. Teams must consist of 4 members. Everyone on the team must be a registered participant of PSWC The team must have at least one underclassman. The team must have at least one female. 3.0 Event Description There will be three main surveying tasks to be performed by each team. In the first of the three tasks, students must use their skills in land surveying and knowledge of basic trigonometry to determine the bearing and distance between two points and the elevations of each point with respect to the provided backsight. In the second task, teams will have to determine the elevation of a remote building, or other fixed object, through the use of a provided benchmark and their knowledge of trigonometry. The third task will consist of steel tape measurement over a varying terrain. Additionally, teams have the option to attempt to earn extra points through a timed instrument setup competition. All three tasks need to be completed within a 45-minute block, including the extra credit event if the participating team desires to complete it. 4.0 General Rules and Tasks 4.1 Bearing, Distance, and Elevation: Using a total station, the team of four will need to determine the distance between two points, A and B, the elevation of each of the points, A and B, and the bearing of line AB. The team must first determine the location of the each of the two points using given approximate bearings and approximate distances from a fixed backsight point. A benchmark will be provided. Each team will be allotted a total of 20 minutes to complete this task. The total time required for this task to be completed will influence the team s placement in the event of a tie (Refer to Scoring Section). 4.2 Remote Elevation:

160 Teams are required to determine the elevation of a building or other fixed object from a remote location. A benchmark will be provided. A singular point observation is allowed. Total stations are permitted with the exception of reflectorless models. 4.3 Steel Tape Measuring: The team of 4 will use a measuring tape no longer than 100 feet to measure the distance between two points over a varying terrain. 4.4 Instrument setup (extra points competition): From every team, 1 member may participate. Participant will be timed on how fast he/she can set up a tripod. All 3 legs of the tripod must be retracted in the shortest position and locked inside a bag prior to the start. Timing will begin once the judge signals the start. The participant must level the theodolite and tripod correctly over a given point. All teams will use the same theodolite provided at the start. The 3 teams with the best time will receive extra points according to the scoring below. 5.0 Instruments Allowed The following equipment and instruments are allowed: Total Station (no reflectorless models) Tripod Level rod Measuring tape (no longer than 100 feet) Pocket tape Plumbobs (Maximum 2) Non-programmable calculator (EIT qualifying) Two handheld 2-way radios Line Level and/or Hand Level 6.0 Scoring Every task will be scored based on accuracy, field book neatness and presentation. In case of a tie in the overall score among teams, the tie will be broken in consideration of the amount of time each team took to complete the Bearing, Distance, and Elevation task. 6.1 Bearing, Distance, Elevation: Accuracy: First Place: 50 Points Second Place: 40 Points Third Place: 30 Points Fourth Place: 20 Points Fifth Place :10 Points Participation: 5 Points

161 Field Book: First Place: 25 Points Second Place: 20 Points Third Place: 15 Points Fourth Place: 10 Points Fifth Place: 5 Points 6.2 Remote Elevation: Accuracy: First Place: 50 Points Second Place: 40 Points Third Place: 30 Points Fourth Place: 20 Points Fifth Place :10 Points Participation: 5 Points Field Book: First Place: 25 Points Second Place: 20 Points Third Place: 15 Points Fourth Place: 10 Points Fifth Place: 5 Points 6.3 Steel Tape Measurement: Accuracy: First Place: 50 Points Second Place: 40 Points Third Place: 30 Points Fourth Place: 20 Points Fifth Place :10 Points Participation: 5 Points Field Book: First Place: 25 Points Second Place: 20 Points Third Place: 15 Points Fourth Place: 10 Points Fifth Place: 5 Points

162 6.4 Instrument Setup (extra points): The three teams with the fastest instrument setup times will receive extra points as follows: First Place: 15 points Second Place: 10 points Third Place: 5 points

163 Volleyball Pacific Southwest Conference Event Description A volleyball tournament, with indoor volleyball rules, where teams will be randomly placed into an 18 team, single elimination bracket. The tournament will constitute of 6 on 6 games. 2.0 Objective To test the volleyball and teamwork skills of each participating team. 3.0 Participant Rules Each school may enter one team only. Each team must consist of at least 6 members and no more than 12 members. Each team member must be a registered participant of the PSWC Each team must have at least one underclassman. Each team must have at least one female (1 female must play at all times). Teams will be disqualified if they fail to meet the requirements. 4.0 Dress Codes No dangling jewelry will be allowed. 5.0 General Rules 1. To Score a point a. Point - A team scores 1 point by successfully grounding the ball on the opponent s court, when the opponent team commits a fault, or when the opponent team receives a penalty. b. Fault - A team commits a fault by making a playing action contrary to the rules ( or by violating them in some other way). The referees judge the faults and determine the consequences according to the following rules: i. If two or more faults are committed successively, only the first one is counted. ii. If two or more faults are committed by opponents simultaneously, a double fault is called and the rally is replayed. c. Rally and Completed Rally - A rally is the sequence of playing actions from the moment of the service hit by the server until the ball is out of play. A completed rally is the sequence of playing actions which results in the award of a point. i. If the serving team wins a rally, it scores a point and continues to serve. ii. If the serving team loses, it scores a point for the opposing team and the opposing team serves. 2. To Win A Set a. A set (except the deciding, third set) is won by the team which first scores 25 points with a minimum lead of two points. In the case of a tie, play is continued until a

164 two-point lead is achieved (26-24; 27-25; etc). b. A set is given a time limit of 20 minutes wherein the team currently in the lead wins (If there is no team in the lead at this point, the set goes to sudden death and the first to score wins). The time limit for the deciding, third set is 15 minutes. 3. To Win A Match a. The match is won by the team that wins two sets. b. In this case of a 1-1 tie, the deciding set (3rd) is played to 15 points with a minimum lead of 2 points. c. A match will not exceed 55 minutes as specified in the rules of set times. 6.0 Structure of Play 1. The Toss a. Before the match, the first referee carries out a toss to decide upon the first service and the sides of the court in the first set. If a deciding set is to be played, a new toss will be carried out. i. The toss is taken in the presence of the two team captain. ii. The winner of the toss chooses: either the right to serve or to receive the service, or the side of the court iii. The loser takes the remaining choice 2. Team Starting Line-Up a. There must always be six players per team in the play. The team s starting lineup indicates the rotational order of the players on the court. This order must be maintained throughout the set. 3. Positions a. At the moment the ball is hit by the server, each team must be positioned within its own court in the rotational order (except the server). b. The positions of the players are numbered as follows: i. The three players along the net are front-row players and occupy positions 4 (front-left), 3(front-center), and 2 (front-right). ii. The other three are back-row players occupying positions 5 (back-left), 6 (back-center), and 1 (back-right). c. Relative positions between players: i. Each back-row player must be positioned further back from the net than the corresponding front- row player. ii. The front-row players and the back-row players, respectively, must be positioned laterally in the order coherent with the starting order. d. The positions of players are determined and controlled according to the positions of their feet contacting the ground as follows: i. Each front-row player must have at least a part of his/her foot closer to the center line than the feet of the corresponding back-row player ii. Each right-(left-) sideline than the feet of the center player in that row. e. After the service hit, the players may move around and occupy any position on their court, and the free zone. 4. Positional Fault a. The team commits a positional fault if any player is not in his/her correct position at the moment the ball is hit by the server. b. If the server commits a serving fault at the moment of the service hit, the server s fault is counted before a positional fault. c. If the service becomes faulty after the service hit, it is the positional fault that will be

165 counted. d. A positional fault leads to the following consequences: i. The team is sanctioned with a point and service to the opponent. ii. Players position are rectified. 5. Rotation a. Rotational order is determined by the team s starting lineup, and controlled with the service order, and players positions, throughout the set. b. When the receiving team has gained the right to serve, its players rotate one position clockwise: the player in position 2 rotates to position 1 to serve, the player in position 1 rotates to position 6, etc. 6. Rotational Fault a. A rotational fault is committed when the SERVICE is not made according to the rotational order. It leads to the following consequences: i. The team is sanctioned with a point and service to the opponent ii. The players rotational order is rectified. b. Additionally, the scorer should determine the exact moment when the fault was committed and all points scored subsequently by the team at fault must be cancelled. The opponent s points remain valid. i. If that moment cannot be determined, no point(s) cancellation takes place, and a point and service to the opponent is the only sanction. 7.0 Playing Actions: States of Play Ball in Play The ball is in play from the moment of the hit of the service authorized by the first referee. 1. Ball Out of Play a. The ball is out of play at the moment of the fault which is whistled by one of the referees; on the absence of a fault, at the moment of the whistle. 2. Ball IN a. The ball is in when it touches the floor of the playing court, including the boundary lines. 3. Ball OUT a. The ball is out when: i. The part of the ball which contacts the floor is completely outside the boundary lines. ii. It touches an object outside the court, the ceiling (the ball can touch the ceiling as long as it does not touch on the third hit, or on a hit that goes over the net to the opponent's court), or a person out of play. iii. It touches the antennae, ropes, posts or the net itself outside the sidebands. iv. It crosses the vertical plane of the net either partially or totally outside the Antennae. v. It crosses completely the lower space under the net. 4. Playing The Ball a. Each team must play within its own playing area and space. b. When competition is scheduled or is occurring on adjacent court(s), it is a fault for a player to enter the adjacent court(s) to play a ball or after playing a ball. The free zone, including the service zone on an adjacent court, is a playable area. 5. Team Hits

166 a. A hit is any contact with the ball by a player in play. The team is entitled to a maximum of three hits (in addition to blocking) for returning the ball. If more are used, the team commits the fault of FOUR HITS. 6. Consecutive Contacts a. A player may not hit the ball two times consecutively (except as stated in these rules under Characteristics of The Hit). 7. Simultaneous Contacts a. Two or three players may touch the ball at the same moment. b. When two (three) teammates touch the ball simultaneously, it is counted as two (three) hits (with the exception of blocking). If they reach for the ball, but only one of them touches it, one hit is counted. A collision of players does not constitute a fault. c. When two opponents touch the ball simultaneously over the net and the ball remains in play, the team receiving the ball is entitled to another three hits. If such a ball goes out, it is the fault of the team on the opposite side. d. If simultaneous hits by two opponents above the net lead to extended contact with the ball, play continues. 8. Assisted Hit a. Within the playable area, a player is not permitted to take support from a teammate or any structure/object in order to hit the ball. However, a player who is about to commit a fault (touch the net or cross the centerline, etc.) may be stopped or held back by a teammate. 9. Characteristics of The Hit a. The ball may touch any part of the body. b. The ball must be hit, not caught and/or thrown. It can rebound in any direction. c. The ball may touch various parts of the body, provided that the contacts take place simultaneously. d. Exceptions: i. At blocking, consecutive contacts may be made by one or more blocker(s), provided that the contacts occur during one action. ii. At the first hit of the team, the ball may contact various parts of the body consecutively, provided that the contacts occur during one action. 10. Faults In Playing The Ball a. Four Hits: a team hits the ball four times before returning it. b. Assisted Hit: a player takes support from a teammate or any structure/object in order to hit the ball within the playable area. c. Catch: The ball is caught and/or thrown; it does not rebound from the hit d. Double Contact: a player hits the ball twice in succession or the ball contacts various parts of his/her body in succession. 11. Ball Crossing The Net a. The ball sent to the opponent s court must go over the net within the crossing space. b. The crossing space is the part of the vertical plane of the net limited as follows: i. Below, by the top of the net. ii. At the sides, by the antennae, and their imaginary extension. iii. Above, by the ceiling. c. The ball that has crossed the net plane to the opponent s free zone totally or partly through the external space may be played back within the team hits, provided that: i. The opponent s court is not touched by the player

167 ii. The ball, when played back, crosses the net plane again totally or partly through the external space on the same side of the court. The opponent team may not prevent such action. d. The ball that is heading towards the Opponent s court through the lower space is in play until the moment it has completely crossed the vertical plane of the net. 12. Ball Touching the Net a. While crossing the net, the ball may touch it. 13. Ball in the Net a. A ball driven into the net may be recovered within the limits of the three team hits. b. If the ball rips the mesh of the net or tears it down, the rally is cancelled and replayed. 14. Players Faults At The Net a. A player touches the ball or an opponent in the opponent's space before or during the opponent's attack hit. b. A player interferes with the opponent s play while penetrating into the opponent s space under the net. c. A player s foot (feet) penetrates completely into the opponent s court. d. A player interferes with the opponent s play by (amongst others): i. Touching the top band of the net or the top 80cm ( ) of the antenna during his/her action of playing the ball, or ii. Taking support from the net simultaneously with playing the ball, or iii. iv. Creating an advantage over the opponent, or Making actions which hinder an opponent s legitimate attempt to play the ball. 15. Service a. The service is the act of putting the ball into play, by the back right player, placed in the service zone. 16. First Service In A Set a. The first service of the first set, as well as that of the deciding set (the 3rd) is executed by the team determined by the toss. b. The other sets will be started with the service of the team that did not serve first in the previous set. 17. Service Order a. After the first service in a set, the player to serve is determined as follows: i. When the serving team wins the rally, the player (or his/her substitute) who served before serves again. ii. When the receiving team wins the rally, it gains the right to serve and rotates before actually serving. The player who moves from the right-front position to the back-right position will serve. 18. Authorization of The Service a. The first referee authorizes the service, after having checked that the two teams are ready to play and that the service is in the possession of the ball. 19. Execution of The Service a. The ball shall be hit with one hand or any part of the arm after being tossed or released from the hand(s). b. Only one toss or release of the ball is allowed. Dribbling or moving the ball in the hands is permitted. c. At the moment of the service hit or take-off for a jump service, the server must not touch the court( the end line included) or the ground outside the service zone.

168 d. After the hit, he/she may step or land outside the service zone, or inside the court. The server must hit the ball within 8 seconds after the first referee whistles for service. e. A service executed before the referee s whistle is cancelled and repeated. 20. Faults Made During The Service a. Serving faults- the following faults lead to a change of service, even if the opponent is out of position. The server: i. violates the service order, ii. Does not execute the service properly. b. Faults after the service hit - After the ball has been correctly hit, the service becomes a fault (unless player is out of position) if the ball: i. Touches a player of the servicing team or fails to cross the vertical plane of the net completely through the crossing space. ii. Goes out, iii. Passes over a screen. 21. Faults of The Attack Hit a. A player hits the ball within the playing space of the opposing team (When the ball is over the net already). b. A player hits the ball out. c. A back-row player completes an attack hit from the front zone, if at the moment of the hit the ball is entirely higher than the top of the net. d. A player completes an attack hit on the opponent s service, when the ball is in the front zone and entirely higher than the top of the net. e. A player holds, or throws the ball. 22. Block Contact a. Consecutive (quick and continuous) contacts with the ball may occur by one or more blockers, provided that the contacts are made during one action. 23. Blocking Within The Opponent s Space a. In blocking, the player may place his/her hands and arms beyond the net, provided that this action does not interfere with the opponent s play. Thus, is permitted to touch the ball beyond the net until an opponent has executed an attack hit. 24. Block And The Team Hits a. A block contact is not counted as a team hit. Consequently, after a block contact, a team is entitled to three hits to return the ball. The first hit after the block may be executed by any player, including the one who touched the ball during the block. 25. Blocking Faults a. The blocker touches the ball in the opponent s space either before or simultaneously with the opponent s attack hit. b. A back-row player blocks or participates in a completed block. c. Blocking the opponent s service. d. The ball is sent out of the block. e. Blocking the ball in the opponent s space from outside the antenna. 26. Regular Game Interruptions a. There will be no regular game interruptions. (No time-outs except for medical reasons) 27. Substitution Of Players

169 a. A substitution is the act by which a player enters the set to occupy the position of another player who must leave the court. Substitution requires the referee s authorization. 28. Limitations Of Substitutions a. A player of the starting line-up may leave the set, but only once in a set, and reenter, but only once in a set, and only to his/her previous position in the line-up. b. A substitute player may enter the set in place of a player of the starting line-up but only once per set, and he/she can only be substituted by the same starting player. c. Each team will be granted an unlimited number of substitutions as long as they follow the aforementioned rules. d. Substitutions may break the above rules if a player must leave due to injury. 29. External Interference a. If there is any external interference during the set, play has to be stopped and the rally is replayed. 30. Minor Misconduct a. Minor misconduct offenses are not subject to sanctions. It is the first referee s duty to prevent the teams from approaching the sanctioning level by issuing a verbal or hand signal warning to a team member or to the team through the game captain. b. This warning is not a sanction and has no immediate consequences. It should not be recorded on the score sheet. 31. Sanction Scale a. According to the judgment of the first referee and depending on the seriousness of the offense, the sanctions to be applied are: Penalty or Disqualification. i. Penalty- The first rude conduct in the match by any team member is penalized with a point and service to the opponent. ii. Disqualification- The second rude conduct in the match will result in disqualification, unless the first conduct is deemed serious enough for disqualification. b. Rude conduct can be defined as rude behaviour, language, fighting, or anything deemed unacceptable or unsportsmanlike by the referee.

170 Soccer Pacific Southwest Conference Objective To test teams soccer and teamwork skills. 2.0 General Rules Arizona State University does not take responsibility for injuries that are related to activities. All rule interpretations will be left up to the officials and any disputes not explicitly stated in the rules will be left up to the officials discretion. Each team must have a designated captain. Only the captain may discuss the game with the official. Team captains are responsible for their team members and fans. Obscene and/or abusive language will not be tolerated. Participants or spectators using obnoxious or foul language will be penalized or result in a team penalty. Each school may enter one team only. Teams must start and end the game with at least 5 players (including the goalie). The maximum number of players allowed on the field at any time is 7. Each team member must be a registered participant of the PSWC Teams must have at least one female player and one underclassman student on their team before they are allowed to begin playing. An underclassman female engineering student will count towards both the underclassmen and female counts on each team. A female student must be in the game at all times or the maximum number of players on the field will be limited to 6. Teams will be randomly assigned into a single elimination bracket. 3.0 Equipment Players must wear athletic type shorts/pants. Each player must wear athletic shoes. They must be made of soft, pliable upper material that covers the entire foot. Players may not participate with equipment that the official deems to be dangerous to other participants. Hard cast, metal or plastic braces from previous injuries (excluding knee braces), hats, and jewelry of any type are examples of illegal equipment. ALL visible body piercing must be removed.

171 Players may wear cleats provided they have molded, all rubber soles. Metal, hard plastic, or screw-in cleats of any kind are not allowed. It is highly recommended that players wear shin guards designed for soccer use. Goalies' jerseys must be distinct from teammates and opponents jerseys. No jerseys will be provided. 4.0 Delay of Time & Forfeits If a team does not have at least 5 players signed in at game time, that team will be given 5 minutes to have the remaining players sign in before the game is declared a forfeit. If neither team has 5 players signed in, both teams will have 5 minutes to have the remaining players sign in before the game is declared a double forfeit. If one team is signed in and ready to play with at least 5 players, that team will be awarded 1 goal for every two minutes that the game is delayed up to the 5-minute mark. After the 5- minute mark, the unprepared team will forfeit the game and the prepared team will be awarded the win. The score for the winning team will be the amount of goals awarded during the 5-minute waiting period. Any game forfeit for team misconduct will be scored as five goals or the current goal total, whichever is less, for the winning team and zero goals for the losing team. Any team receiving any number or yellow and/or red cards resulting in 3 ejections will forfeit the game as they will not be able to field the minimum of 5 players. 5.0 Game Play The game shall be played between two teams of at least 5 players each, one of whom must be the goalkeeper. All teams are required to start with at least 5 players. Only 7 players may be allowed on the field at any time. Substitutions may only be made during a team s own throw-in, corner kick, or goal kick. Free substitutions may be made at any kickoff or injury. Goals will be recorded by the referee. 6.0 Game Timing The game will be played in two halves; the length of each half will last for 15 minutes. The clock will only stop for injuries recognized by the official, but there will be no stoppage of time. There are no timeouts. There will be a five-minute halftime. Overtime: Games will not have an overtime period. In the event of a tie, a round of 5 alternating penalty kicks will determine the winner. If still tied, then alternating 1 penalty kick will occur until a winner is determined. Order will be determined by a coin flip.

172 7.0 Scoring A goal is scored when the entire ball passes over the goal line, between the goalposts and under the crossbar. A ball may be kicked, headed, or deflected with any other part of the body other than the hands or arms through the opponent s goal. Each goal counts as one point. Goals will be recorded by the referee. 8.0 Corner Kick When the ball goes out of bounds over the end line and is last touched by the defensive team, the offensive team is awarded a corner kick. Any player on the defensive team may make the kick. The kick is taken from the corner of the end line and sideline. The defensive team may protect the goal with as many players it considers necessary. Opponents must be ten yards away from the ball when the kick is taken. 9.0 Goal Kick When the ball goes out of bounds over the end line and is last touched by the offensive team, a goal kick is awarded to the defensive team. Any player on the offensive team may make the kick. The kick is taken from anywhere inside the six yard box in front of the goal, or on the six yard line.. The opposing players must be outside of the penalty box. Penalty for Improper Goal Kick: The kick is retaken if the ball is not kicked beyond the penalty area Direct Free Kick The following offenses are penalized by a direct free kick at the point of the foul: Touching the ball with hands or arms, except as goalkeeper in the penalty area. Holding, punching, hitting, kicking or tripping an opponent. Placing the hands or arms on an opponent in an effort to reach the ball. Slide tackling/charging an opponent from behind. Flagrant, dangerous play (high kicking, low heading) Any team member team may take the direct free kick. The kick is taken from the location at which the violation occurred. All members of the opposing team must be at least 10 yards away from the ball. The ball may be kicked in any direction and a goal may be scored on this kick.

173 11.0 Penalty Kick A penalty kick results whenever a direct free kick is awarded to the offensive team inside the penalty area regardless of where the ball is in play. The kick is taken from the penalty mark, inside the penalty box Indirect Free Kick The following offenses are penalized as an indirect free kick: Playing the ball a second time before being touched by another player during any free kick. Interfering with the goalkeeper when he is attempting to clear the ball. Non-flagrant, dangerous play The goalkeeper receiving in his/her hands a ball intentionally kicked or thrown by a teammate. Obstruction Any team member team may take the indirect free kick. The kick is taken from the location at which the violation occurred. A goal may not be scored on this kick unless the ball is touched or deflected by any player before going through the goal Throw-in When the ball goes over the sideline, it is put back into play by the opposing team with a throwin 14.0 Goalkeeper Even just one finger on the ball represents goalie possession. Once the goalie has possession, the goalie has 7 seconds to release the ball into play. If the goalie does not release the ball within 7 seconds, the opposing team will receive an indirect kick from the top of the 18 yard box. The official on the field will keep track of Time. The goalie may not use the ball to push an opposing player, or throw the ball at an opposing player Slide Tackling For a slide tackle to be permissible, the foot or feet shall be on or near the ground, the tackle shall be for the ball and not the opponent, the ball shall be played first, and it shall be judged as not dangerous or violent. A slide tackle may never come from behind a player blindly; this is up for officials interpretation and will result in a red card. A dangerous slide tackle will result in a yellow card. No player shall, in any manner, charge into the goalkeeper in the penalty area. Any player in violation shall receive a warning (yellow card).

174 If the goalkeeper is in possession of the ball, the official shall disqualify (red card) without hesitation the offending player(s). However, outside the penalty area, the keeper only has the privileges of any other fielder. Goalkeepers may slide toward the ball to protect the goal or win a challenge provided the slide is toward the ball. Dangerous play will be penalized as would be for any other player Cautions & Ejections A yellow card may be issued at any time when warranted, at the official s discretion. Verbal warnings or cautions are not necessary for a yellow card. Any player receiving two yellow cards or one red card will be ejected from the game. Any player accumulating two yellow cards or one red card will miss the next game. Once ejected from a game the player is not allowed to return, and the team plays short a player for the remainder of the game. Violent conduct can result in an ejection (red card).

175 Basketball Pacific Southwest Conference Event Description An indoor basketball tournament where teams will be randomly placed into an 18 team, single elimination bracket. The tournament will constitute of 3 on 3, half court games. 2.0 Objective The Basketball Tournament will serve to test each team s basketball and teamwork skills in a friendly, competitive environment. 3.0 Participant Rules Each school may enter one team only. Each team must consist of a minimum of 3 members. Each team may only have a maximum of 3 players on the court at any time. Each team member must be a registered participant of the PSWC Each team must have at least one underclassman. Each team must have at least one female (1 female must play at all times). Each team must have a designated captain. Only the captain may discuss the game with the official. Teams will be disqualified if they fail to meet the requirements. 4.0 General Rules 1. Arizona State University does not take responsibility for injuries that are related to the activities of this event. 2. All rule interpretations will be left up to the officials and any disputes not explicitly stated in the rules will be left up to the officials discretion. 3. Each team is required to have 3 players on the court during the duration of the game. If the requirements are not met then the team must forfeit. 4. Substitutes may only enter the game after a basket has been scored. It may be required to check into the scorekeeper before the substitution is made. 5. After a team scores, the opposite team will inbound the ball from the half court line. 6. The inner edge of the boundary lines defines the in-bounds and out of bounds. 7. The ball is considered out of bounds if it passes completely over the backboard or touches the back side of the backboard or backboard support structure and cables. 8. The side edges and bottom of backboard are considered in-bounds.

176 9. Each team will be allowed one timeout per half. First half timeouts will not carry over to the second half. 10. Each half will be 10 minutes long. This time is considered running. This means time will not stop for dead balls. Only injuries recognized by the official and timeouts will result in stopping of the clock. The clock will stop on dead balls in the last 2 minutes of the second half. 11. Halftime will be 5 minutes long. 5.0 Overtime 1. If the score is tied at the end of the second half then a 2-minute overtime period will be added on. This will continue to happen until a conclusive score has occurred. 2. Each team will be allotted one 60 second timeout per overtime period. 3. Fouls carry over from the first two halves into all overtime periods. 6.0 Scoring 1. Any shot made inside of the 3-point line will be considered 2 points. 2. Any shot made outside of the 3-point line will be considered 3 points. If a player steps on the line, it is considered 2 points. 3. Each free throw made is 1 point. 4. If goaltending occurs, the points awarded are according to the location from which the field goal was initially taken. 7.0 Out of Bounds/Throw-in 1. The ball is considered out of bounds, when it touches on or outside of the boundary line, touches the basketball hoop supports, goes over the backboard, or when a player holding the ball touches any of the aforementioned out of boundary areas. 2. The basketball will be awarded out of bounds after: a. A non-shooting violation b. Charging foul c. Common foul that does not result in possession at the top of the key d. Held or jump ball (alternating) e. To begin the second half (alternating) f. After a timeout 3. The team the ball will be awarded to and the location of the throw-in, will be dictated by the officials.

177 8.0 Violations And Penalties 8.1 Violations 1. Throw-in 2. Kick or fist 3. Traveling 4. Double dribble 5. Carrying or palming 6. Three seconds 7. Five seconds closely guarded player 8. Forward-Back Court The violations listed above will result in a change of possession, with the throw-in out of bounds nearest the violation. 8.2 Penalties 1. Basket interference and goaltending 2. Personal Fouls a. General i. You may not touch and ball or basket when the ball is on or near the basket. ii. Players may not touch the ball during a shot when the ball is downward flight. iii. Players may not slap or touch the backboard. iv. Players may not push, charge, trip, nor impeded the progress of another player using: hip, knee, extended arm, shoulder, or bending of body in an abnormal position. v. Players must not use rough tactics. vi. Players must not contact another player with their hands, unless incidental. vii. Dribblers cannot use an arm, forearm, or hand to keep another player from playing the ball. b. Charging i. Defined as personal contact with or without the ball, caused by pushing one s torso into another s. In order for offensive charging to occur a defender must beat the offensive player to the spot of the foul. c. Screens and Picks i. All screens and picks must be made a distance of one normal step from the player, and also must be stationary. ii. Movement during a screen or pick will result in a penalty. d. Elbows i. A player shall not excessively swing their elbows

178 e. Penalties for Personal Fouls i. Offenders charged with a personal foul are given 1 strike. 3 strikes will result in an ejection. ii. The offended player will be given possession at the top of the key if the foul occurred during a shot attempt. 9.0 Technical Fouls 1. All technical fouls result in possession of the ball. 2. All technical fouls count towards a player s 3 fouls. 3. Technical fouls given to a bench player or coach will be charged to the first player listed on the roster that is in the game. It will result in possession of the ball for the opposite team. 4. The second technical foul given to a player in one game will result in an ejection and team forfeit of the tournament. 5. Technical fouls include, but are not limited to: a. Hanging on the rim b. Unsportsmanlike conduct c. Delay of game d. Fighting (fighting will result in automatic ejection and forfeit of tournament for all teams involved)

179 Ultimate Frisbee Pacific Southwest Conference Event Description Ultimate Frisbee tournament where teams will be randomly placed into an 18-team, single elimination bracket. The games will be 6 vs Objective To test teams ultimate Frisbee and teamwork skills. 3.0 Participant Rules Each school may enter one team only. Each team must have at least 5 players, but no more than 6 players. Each team must be a registered participant of the PSWC Each team must have at least one underclassman. Each team must have at least one female (a female must play at all times or the team plays with only 5 players). Teams will be disqualified if they fail to meet the requirements. 4.0 Dress Code All players must be dressed in accordance with the following rules: 1. Athletic clothing and closed toed shoes must be worn. 2. No jewelry, watches, or other accessories are to be worn during the competition (except for religious or health purposes). 5.0 General Rules 1. Arizona State University does not take responsibility for injuries that are related to activities. 2. All rule interpretations will be left up to the officials and any disputes not explicitly stated in the rules will be left up to the officials discretion. 3. The field is rectangular with end zones at each end. Regulation size is 70 yards by 40 yards, with end zones 25 yards deep. Modifications may be made to accommodate the size for the tournament at PSWC. Once determined, final field sizes will be published to the PSWC 2018 website.

180 4. The standard game is played to 15 points, with a 2 point margin of victory (e.g ). In order to meet time constraints, there will also be a 15 minute cap on each half. The first half will end when one team reaches 7 points or the 15 minute time constraint has expired (whichever happens first). The halftime period will last 5 minutes. The game will end when one team reaches 15 points with the required margin of victory or when time has expired. 5. Each team will be allowed one 70-second timeout per half, and one 70- second timeout for overtime. Timeouts may only be called if your team has possession of the disk or after a point has been scored. All players on the field when the timeout has been called must return to the field after the timeout (no substitutions). This rule doesn t apply if the timeout was for injury. 6. Substitutions may be made after a point has been scored and before teams have signaled they are ready for the play to resume. Additionally, injuries and players with illegal equipment also constitute a substitution. Before play begins again, both teams must signal they are ready. 7. If the game is tied at the end of the second half, then the game will go into overtime. During overtime, the team with the highest points wins the game regardless of the required margin of victory (Note: One additional point must be scored). 8. A coin flip will decide initial possession. The team who wins the coin toss must decide to receive or throw the initial pull. 9. The pull is how play is initiated. Both teams will line up on the front of their respective end zone line. After both sides signal they are ready the defense throws the disc to the offense, and play begins. Players may not move out of their end zones until the disc has been thrown. Additionally, players on the throwing team cannot touch the disc until the receiving team does so first. If a violation occurs during the pull the pull must be redone. During this re-pull no substitutions are allowed. If the disc hits the ground or goes out of bounds before being touched by the receiving team the disc will be played from the spot that it lands, or the nearest area within bounds. Lastly, if the pull is touched by the receiving team and then dropped, then the possession switches. 10. Each time the offense completes a legal pass in the defense's end zone (while maintaining control throughout all ground contact), the offense scores a point. The player must catch the disc in the end zone and have their first step in the end zone. Momentum cannot carry a player into the end zone and result in a score. After each point the teams have 30 seconds to signal they are ready for the ensuing pull. A point can t be scored as a result of a turnover. If a turnover occurs in the end zone you are attacking, the disc must be carried to the goal line and play resumes at that point. 11. The disc may be advanced in any direction by completing a pass to a teammate. Players may not run with the disc. Three steps maximum are allowed to catch the Frisbee and stop movement. The throwing team has 10 seconds to throw the disc after it has been caught. The defender guarding the thrower counts out the stall count. (e.g. one-one-

181 12. thousand, two-one-thousand, and so on.) If the throwing team fails to throw the disc in this amount of time the possession will switch. 13. When a pass is not completed (e.g. out of bounds, drop, block, interception), the defense immediately takes possession of the disc and becomes the offense. Out-of-bounds is considered everything on the line and outside of the line of play. The exception to this is if a player catches the disc in bounds and their momentum carries them out of bounds (Part of their 3 steps). In order to establish possession in bounds, one foot must be placed in bounds after they have established control of the disc. The player must return to the playing field before resuming play. 14. No physical contact is allowed between players. Picks and screens are also prohibited. A foul will occur when excessive contact is made. This will result in a turnover. Incidental contact related to two players jumping for a disc is permissible as long as it is body to body contact and not with force. It is up to the referee to determine incidental light contact vs. non-incidental contact. 15. When a player initiates contact on another player a foul occurs. When a foul disrupts possession, the play resumes as if the possession was retained. If an offensive player creates the foul then possession changes to the defense. 16. Fouls deemed intentional or excessively rough by the official will result in an ejection from the game. An ejected player must immediately leave the field or the team will be disqualified.

182 Kan Jam Tournament Pacific Southwest Conference Event Description An outdoor Kan Jam tournament where teams will be randomly placed into an 18 team, single elimination bracket. The tournament will constitute of 2 players from each school competing with one another. 2.0 Objective To test teams Kan Jam and teamwork skills. 3.0 Participant Rules Teams will be disqualified if they fail to meet the following requirements: Each University may enter only one team. Each team may consist of 4 players at maximum. Any school that uses 4 players (a.k.a. 2 teams) must have one female and one underclassman. Both requirements cannot be met by the same person. Each team member must be a registered participant of the PSWC General Rules 4.1 The Hammer: The right to throw last is called having The Hammer. Choosing to throw last (The Hammer) is generally considered to be an advantage, similar to having "last bats" in baseball. Traditionally, The Hammer is decided by flipping the flying disc like a coin having one player call heads or tails, heads being the Kan Jam side of the disc. The team winning the call is not forced to take The Hammer. 4.2 Game Play: Play consists of four players divided into teams of two. Members of the same team stand at opposite goals. Partners will alternate throwing and deflecting a flying disc. After both partners complete one throw each, the flying disc is passed to the opposing team. Players waiting to tip may NOT touch the goal in any way, even to let it edge up to their legs for support. It must remain free standing at all times to be legal. Deflectors can move anywhere within the playing area to redirect the disc, including in front of the goal if necessary. Once the game starts with the first throw, players must finish the game from the same end. No player substitutions are allowed in the middle of a game.

183 4.3 Scoring: Kan Jam games are played to 21 points. A team must achieve an exact score of 21 points to win. Except when an Instant Win is scored, teams must complete an equal number of turns. If the team that starts the game reaches 21 points first, the team with The Hammer always has their last turn to either catch up in points, or, if 21 points is not attainable from one round of throwing, toss an Instant Win. If the team with The Hammer reaches 21 points first, they are the winners and the other team does not have another round to tie. i. DINGER - 1 point: Redirected Hit - Deflector redirects thrown disc to hit any part of the goal. ii. DEUCE - 2 points: Direct Hit - Thrower hits the side of the goal unassisted by partner. iii. BUCKET - 3 points: Slam Dunk - Deflector redirects the thrown disc and it lands inside the goal. This will almost always occur through the top of the goal, but may also occur if the disc is deflected into the slot opening. iv. INSTANT WIN! Direct Entry - Thrower lands the disc inside the goal unassisted by partner. The disc can enter through the slot opening on the front or through the open top of the goal. When an Instant Win occurs, the throwing team is declared the winner and the opposing team does not receive a "last toss". v. NO POINTS No points are awarded when a throw hits the ground or object (such as a tree) before striking or entering the goal. 4.4 Going Over: Since a team must score exactly 21 points, if a given throw results in points that raise a team's total score above 21, the points from that play are deducted from their current score and play continues. For example, if a team has 19 points and accidentally dunks a BUCKET (3 points), their score is reduced to 16 points (current score of 19 points - 3 points = 16 points). 4.5 Overtime: If both teams reach 21 points in the same number of rounds, the game is extended to over time. Overtime consists of each player getting one throw and deflection. After the first team completes their turn, the team with The Hammer must either tie the opposing team's overtime score to force a second overtime round or simply score more points for the outright victory An Instant Win thrown in overtime still ends the game. The opposing team does not get a chance to complete their turn, even if they have The Hammer.

184 4.6 Interference:: If a player purposely interferes with play, they automatically forfeit the game and the opposing team is declared the winner. If it is incidental interference, the referee will determine if a re-throw should be warranted. It is not unusual to have players from adjacent courts running out to make a play on or near another court. If a player from another court is in the way, interference can be called and a rethrow is permitted. There is no redo for things such as wind unless the entire goal itself blows away in the middle of a throw or a deflection. There is also no redo for a situation where a player jumps for a tip and hits a tree or other object. 4.7 Throwing/Release Rule: The distance of the throw is 50 feet. Extending the throwing arm beyond the goal's front edge is illegal. No re-throw will be given if violated. The release rule is the responsibility of each team, but will be enforced by the referees. To avoid this issue, players should have their feet no farther than the back edge of the goal when stepping to throw the disc. This way, their reach cannot extend close to or right at the release line (the front edge of the goal). 4.8 Deflecting/Tipping: When fielding a partner's throw, the deflector may not carry or control the disc in any way. No points will be awarded if a deflector double-hits or "carries" the disc. Legal: slapping, hitting, striking, kicking, kneeing, and redirecting. Illegal: catching, throwing, lifting the disc, carrying, double hitting the disc, and any other action taken that controls the disc in any way. The legality of a questionable hit/action will be decided by the referee. 4.9 Bounce-Outs: If a deflector tips the disc into the goal and it bounces out, it is only counts as 1 point Into the Slot and Out of the Goal: If a player throws a disc and it enters the slot opening and comes out the top of the goal without the deflector touching the disc, it is not an Instant Win, but rather a DEUCE (2 points). To be a legal Instant Win, the disc must remain inside the goal Disc Hits the Goal First and then Deflected into Goal: If a disc strikes the goal on the fly without deflection, it is a DEUCE (2 points) regardless if your partner then tips it either into the goal for a BUCKET (3 points), hits the goal for a DINGER (1 point), or misses completely. Once the disc hits the goal on the fly the score will be two points.

185 4.12 Goal Falls Over on an Instant Win or a Deflection: If the goal falls over on an Instant Win shot or a BUCKET (3 points), scoring will depend on which end the disc exits. The Instant Win or BUCKET (3 points) will only count in the following scenarios: Disc exits through the bottom of the goal At least half of the disc remains inside the fallen goal.

186 Tug of War Pacific Southwest Conference Event Description This is an outdoor Tug of War tournament where teams will be randomly placed into an 18 team, single elimination bracket. The teams will consist of 6 participants from each school competing against one another. 2.0 Objective To test teams Tug of War and teamwork skills. 3.0 Participant Rules Each school may only have one team. Each team must consist of 6 participants, and 2 substitutes. Each team must have at least one underclassman. Each team must have at least three females. Each team member must be a registered participant of PSWC Teams will be disqualified if they fail to meet the requirements 4.0 General Rules Teams will be placed in a single elimination tournament. Members will be placed in staggered positions as shown in Figure 1. The flag will be attached to the middle of the rope, and two cones will be placed 15 ft away from the flag as shown in Figure 1. The competition will start by referee s signal. The team that pulls the flag beyond the cones will advance to the next round. 5.0 Dress Code and Infringements Rope must go underneath one arm. Gloves are not allowed. Kicking the ground is not allowed. Sitting on the ground is not allowed. Wrapping the rope is not allowed. Climbing the rope or moving up the rope is not allowed. Cleats, jewelry, or any items which may be caught on the rope are not allowed.

187 6.0 Fouls Lowering elbow below the knee during a pull is a foul. Pulling the rope over the shoulders during a pull is a foul. Committing 2 fouls will result in disqualification. Figure 1: Participants Positions

188 Obstacle Course Pacific Southwest Conference Event Description Find out at PSWC 2018! 2.0 Objective Have fun! 3.0 General Rules Each school may enter one team only. Each team must consist of 2 members. Each team member must be a registered participant of PSWC Each team must have one male and one female. 4.0 Attire Each member shall wear closed toe shoes and athletic clothing. Jewelry is not permitted. Teams will be disqualified if they fail to meet the requirements.