JAZZ DANCE CLASS (1-7)

Transcription

1 JAZZ DANCE CLASS (1-7) PLE V, Demi-plie:. half bend of knees without lifting heels from the floor (can be done from all positions in both turn out & parallel :. Grand plie: full bending of the knees, passing through derni-plie & lowering until only the balls of the feet remain on the floor. Coming out out of a grand plie: you must pass through the derni-plie, returning the heels to the floor before the full ~trai~tening of the legs. (can be done from parallel positions: 1 S t, 2nd, 4th, 5, in addition to (can also be done from a turned out position: 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5 th, but (NOT 2ND POSTON TURNED OUT) Grand plie from a 2 nd position turned out: heels will always remain on the floor Plie-Releve: A jazz position in which the knees are flexed & heels are high. Turn Out: Turn n: a rotation outward a rotation inward j.... Parallel: a neutral position. Lines of the body not meeting or intersecting. (neither turned out or turned in) Tendu: To stretch. Usually speaking of the foot. The working foot slides from the first or fifth position to the front, side or back without lifting the toe from the ground. Both knees must be kept straight. When the foot reaches the position oftendu, it then returns to the first or fifth position. May also be done in plie. Degage; To disengage from the floor. This is a quick brush of the working leg through a tendu to a position slightly off the floor. t is essential that the foot is not lifted higher than approximately 4 inches from the floor. Grand Battement: A large beating. s a high straight-leg lift, passing through the tendu & degage and carrying the leg quickly to 90 degrees or higher. The return of the grand battement passes through the closing movement of the tendu. Developpe: To develop. s a movement in which the working leg is drawn up to the knee (through a bent leg) of the supporting leg & extends to a straight leg in an open position en ' air. May be done to the front, side or back. May Be done with supporting leg in plie, laying on the floor or standing. Also can refer to the arms.

2 JAZZ DANCE (2-7) Passe: To pass. Working leg is bent & foot is touching the supporting knee. Can Be done in turned out, parallel, & turned in. Can be done with supporting Leg straight or bent and on laying on the floor. j En l'air: n the air. / ReJeve: To rise up from a plie. Heels are lifted.. Usually is done with supporting leg straight but can also be done in plie. (plie-releve) - E~ve: To rise from a straight leg. Heels are lifted Plie-Releve: The is when legs are in a demi plie & heels are lifted without changing the height of the dancer. t is sometimes referred to as a: forced arch./rond de jambe: The circlirig of the leg. Can be done with working leg on the floor, or en l'air. 'Endehors: Outward motion (away from the center of the body) as in turns and Rond de jambe. Endedans: nward motion (toward the center of the body) as in turns & rand dejambe -! Q Supporting Leg:. The standing leg. The leg that is doing the support. Can be straight or in a plie. Also can be considered the non-working leg when laying onthe floor..,. Working Leg: The leg that is doing the movement. The non-supportive leg. Attitude:.pose/posture. A position in which the leg is lifted and bend in various degrees and directions, Can be done front, side, back, in turned out and parallel as well as turned in. When turned out, the desired position is when the thigh ofthe bent leg is parallel to the floor and the toe is as high as, or slightly below, the height of the knee. i Arabesque: a working leg that is fully extended to the rear. Can be done on a straight or bend supporting leg.

3 ,., J J ~ llustrations llustrations k Bras au repos. First position of the arms. ~(Tr 't" -.~--- ) Preparatory position. First position of the arms. Ai, h Second position of the arms. Third position of the arms. "': " il :~j '-.. Fourth position of the arms. Fifth position of the arms. Second position of the arms. Third position of the arms. POSTONS DES BRAS: FRENCH SCHOOL (see p. 22) POSTONS DES BRAS: RUSSAN SCHOOL (see p. 23)., (--.J ( j.. 1

4 ( ( llustrations /ustrations ~ r-f 'roj ~ '1...:l... /j~7r ~lc Croise devant. A fa quetrieme devant. A fa seconde. Epaute. il':11," }.. ',-.,) '" -i ' r.' '\ft Jl Ecarte. Efface. A fa quetrieme derriere. Croise derriere.?i"ll, :11: 1, " : J.t jl..ui:.., \ ( \",-" BASC POSTONS OF THE BODY: CECCHET METHOD (see p. 84)

5 \. llustrations llustrations '}X i>:u Croise devant. J\ ~ Croise derriere. Ecarte devant. Ecarte derriere. -;:, y "t,jill r~ i A fa quetrieme devant. :::;/ A fa quatrierrie A fa seconde. derriere. Efface devant. Efface derriere. ~ i 1 f.~ jl: ~ BASC POSTONS OF THE BODY: RUSSAN AND FRENCH SCHOOLS (see p. 84) j Epaute devsnt. Epaute derriere. i (.~~, -~"'7-0~,,.~":-;~~.~T.,...t'_.. '... '. ".,".'J, ~.;=:,.,,,,. ".,. ".,.J"'1!i~"~:l'l\'''''1$''''\:''':'':'''~\1'''',"~ "'..,...'f'-'.l "....'.,-"..\'1,. ~_. ~... ~_

6 JAZZ DANCE (3-7), Achilles Tendon: s the tendon at the back of the ankle. t attaches the calf muscles to the heel bone. The name comes from a Greek legend about Achilles. Thus we capitalize the word, Achilles. e Port de bras: carriage or movement of the arms 6 Torso: s the trunk of the body & houses the shoulders, rib-cage, spine, abdomen & pelvis. (minus limbs) Uppertorso: is considered from waist up (includes rib cage) Lower torso: is considered from waist down (includes pelvis) o Dancers Squa re: s the trunk of the body. We used this term as in 'squaring off', upper torso remains square, or lower torso remains square. What often times is meant by this is to be - inline and/or parallel with. Coupe: To cut. The foot is lifted and placed at the ankle of the supporting leg. Can be done in front or back. S Table Top: A position of the body where 2:; 'he body part :,:;flat, parallel to the floor, resembling the line of a table. Usually done from a standing position, but can also be done on hands & knees, (back straight) & parallel to the floor, and also done on hands & feet with back to the floor and the body toward he ceiling., Contraction: ndicates a drawing in,or shortening, & flexing of body parts. To reduce or become reduced in size by drawing together. Although the term, contraction, may refer to any body part (head, ribcage, pelvis, arm), it often refers to the torso. A sit up is a type of contraction but not all contractions are sit ups. o Release: To let go Lunge: Hinge: The lunge is a position in which one foot is advanced as far as possible with the knee bent while the other foot remains stationary with the leg Straight. The legs can either be parallel or turned out in 2 nd or 4th position. The hinge is a tilt of the torso with an imaginary straight line that passes from the tip of the ear through [he shoulder, hip, & knee. There is no arch of the bade. Performed either from a standing position with knees bent & (heels off the 1100ror on the knees.

7 JAZZ DANCE (4-7) Spiral: Spirals are movements that twist or corkscrew the body. The torso usually moves in opposition of the lower body. Swastika Position: This position is: sitting on the floor, the legs are in 4th position and both are bent. One leg flexed in a forward position & the other leg flexed in a back position. o solation: Layout: Moving only one part of the body. (Example: head, ribcage, shoulder, hips). The remainder of the body is still. Like the word refers to 'a laying out'. Can be performed front, side, & back. Alignment of layout is usually done in a straight line position (head, ribcage, pelvis) " Most all the time the working leg is released from the floor. Front layout: dancer executes a back leg extension as the upper body hinges forward parallel to the floor. Side layout: As the leg is lifted, the upper body tilts to the opposite side. The front of the body faces forward. Back layout: This position requires a forward leg extension & high back released. The head, upper back, & ribcage are in line with each other. Never strain the neck by dropping the head back. A layout may be performed with an arched back but neck stays aligned with spine., Chasse: Jazz Split: To chase & slide. The term is borrowed from ballet & is defmed as a slide. n jazz it is also a sliding movement, but can be analyzed as a step-together-step performed front, side.jir back. Front leg is straight while back leg is bent (attitude) & behind the hip. This may be used in floor exercises and in leaps. Often times this is performed from a standing position - sliding the front leg out & catching your decent with your hand to break the fall. J t> Tempo: is considered the speed of the music Half Time: slowest tempo On the Beat: middle tempo Double Time: fastest tempo Syncopation: an uneven metered tempo

8 JAZZ DANCE (5-7) Counts Given Prior to Beginnng: The dancer is given usually 4 counts prior to starting an exercise, combination or the like for two reason: 1. preparation mentally & physically 2. required tempo is set, Hamstrings: This is the muscle that is located in the back of the legs behind the thighs '" Quadriceps: The is the muscle that is located in the front of the thighs above the knee " Pas de bourree: s a transition movement consisting of a series of three steps. May be taker in several directions. Three steps are performed in two counts (step one, step and, step two.) '\\ Triplet: is a three-step movement, with the first step usually in plie and the second & third steps in releve. This usually travels forward but can also travel side arid back. " Spotting: \ Pirouette: Focus of the eye. Spotting is considered the ability of the dancer to keep the eyes focused on one spot as long as possible while: turning, standing, or moving in general. Whirl or Spin. A spinning turn done on one foot around your centerline. The turn is done in place. Supporting leg may be straight or flexed. Chaine Turn: This is a series of turns linked or chained together taking two steps to get around. This is usually done from 1 5t or s" position & can be performed on a straight leg o~ flexed. Pique: To prick. A step taken directly onto the ball of the foot. Heel is high. Usually done on a straight leg with working leg in passe turned out, but may also be done parallel, and on a plie reeve (jazz releve ) with working leg varying from the typical passe turned out position. Pulls the dancer into a thin vertical line, like a pencil. Supporting leg may be straight or flexed. Working leg's position may vary a bit, but will be directly underneath the center line. Soutenu: Pivot: Sustained. s a sustained turn in which the weight transfers from one foot to two feet. This can be performed with straight or flexed legs. May be performed also either inward or outward. s a weighed turn where one foot serves as the axis point for the turn.

9 " JAZZ DANCE (6-7) Compass Turn: A turn on one foot, other leg extended to second position. Supporting leg may be straight or flexed. Jumps: There are five types of jumps. They are classified as: Hop: leaving one foot & landing on the same foot Leap: leaving one foot & landing on the other foot Jump: leaving both feet & landing on both feet Assemble: leaving one foot & landing on both feet Sissonne: leaving both feet & landing on one Saute: A jump. Any movement when feet leave the floor. Changement: To change. Seen beginning in 5 th position turned out with right foot front, demi-plie, spring off the floor into ajump, change legs to have left foot in front on the landing. Hitch Kick: nvolves a double kicking action of the legs. Can be performed front, side, back. This will create the scissors look of the hitch kick. The first kicking leg becomes the landing support leg. Adage: Allegro: En Avant: Devant: ~ Derriere: Slow controlled movement or motion. (Adagio).,... Brisk & lively type ofmovement(s). Front n Front Behind Barre: A horizontal bar either fastened to the wall or portable used to hold onto to for support when performing exercise~,.., ''""!/\_'"t2..,;,,1/;y /,../1f/ A. J""",l - ~- "Vy'.l n,r A - \i A/ ~ - 't)v\y\~y\tljv" Center Barre:. VJ.J{' 'J<<iY\vV'f!..- 0 v\vy(./~~j UUU/Vll1' ~. VVl c;.uvyvy Term used to perform exercises in the center of the room. Cabriole: A caper, leap. One leg is beaten against the other while in the air. Deux: Two. (pas dedeux) Eschappe:. To escape, The feet are open from one another. ">".

10 JAZZ DANCE (7-7) Fondu: Fouette;, Jete: Petite: To melt. Bending of the supporting leg with the other leg lifted in varyig degrees into coupe, passe. Fondu is on one leg, what a plie is on two) To whip. There are a variety of fouettes. Movement can be small & can be taken in a jump. Leg will go through positions in the air. To be thrown. Small Penche: To tilt or pitch down. For example: penche arabesque.: Tour:, Catch Step: Turn of the body. AR-TOUR: turn in the air. Two steps taken in any direction using one and one-half counts of music Flexed Position: A bent position nverted Long Jazz Arm:. Palms up, fingers together, arms stretched in 2 nd position. LV -j'j\; floor & s;ig~lly flexed. Elbow parallel Long Jazz Arm: Palms down, fingers together, arms stretched in 2 nd position. slightly flexed. Elbows ~ Jazz Square: Take four steps making a square (box) on floor. Sous-sus: Tombe: Under over. Releve in fifth position, moves forward, back or side. Looks like one foot. A fall, body falls forward, back or side onto working leg in plie.

11 DEEP SUPERFCAL SUPERFCAL DEEP a ( latissimus dorsi recti. ahdorninis erector spinae..,... quadriceps.;' - "..... L! '- \ '" ~' gastrocnemius tibial.. soleus extensor peroneal A dancer's muscles. Front and back views showing both the superficial muscles an(',r--. the deep muscles. Note. the seat of the turn-out. Compare with figures 7, 8 and 10, 11. 2

12 72 The Skeletal System. ~ Mastoid process ~~t\rd curve; ~Kyphosis Centerof shoulder ~ Tw,ltle1c b!:lckvjo..j uu " Pectoralis minor syndrome ~_ L1.4.~lo \~ -fcrw~ki t4r~~ Lumbar lordosis <_~\\ ba&..jrj"~-.:~.~rvl ~ Center of hip joint -+- ncreased pelvic inclination Center of knee joint Hyperextend ed knees Lateral malleolus (a) (b) Figure Lateral view of alignment: (a)misalignments; (b) proper alignment

13 '-' ; i \ ;( ( ( llustrations llustrations '', if, ql ~r'!. i f. ~... : rij' ~~ " First arabesque. - - //',J:::/ 2 Second arabesque. Attitude effacee (Cecchetti). Attitude ettecee (Russian).,.~ " t. r Attitude epaujee. Attitude croisee derriere (Cecchetti). ~ Third arabesque. Fourth arabesque. 11 Attitude croisee derriere (Russian). Attitude croisee devant. 11 1, 1',1,:. \, 1\ ' t ~ r '--' ARABESQUES: RUSSAN SCHOOL (see p. 3) J ATTTUDES (see pp.9-11)