Bocce Ball. Kendra Alberts, Theresa Staley, Kelsey Timmerman, & Morgan Vitosh HHP 494. May 9, 2013

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1 Bocce Ball Kendra Alberts, Theresa Staley, Kelsey Timmerman, & Morgan Vitosh HHP 494 May 9, 203

2 . Our recreational activity was called Bocce Ball. 2. Bocce ball is a fairly easy game played with one small white ball and then pairs of bigger colored balls. It is usually played with two to four people. Each person has their own color of balls. The first person throws the smaller ball somewhere then the objective is for you to get your ball the closest to the white ball. You can hit other balls or the white ball in the process but the two closest get points. If both your balls are the closest you get three points, but if two different colored balls are closest each person gets one point. Everyone gets one turn to throw one ball then you go in the same order for tossing the second balls. 3. Our test was to measure accuracy and form for tossing bocce balls. In our test we set up three rings in a bulls-eye pattern with the center about 30 feet from a line. If they got it in the smallest circle they got three points, the second circle got two points, the other most circle got one point and beyond that received no points. Students performed two rounds of two tosses for each round their score was added together. The form for throwing was scored qualitatively. If they did it correctly they got the credit. 4. We may have a small problem with our validity of this test because we underestimated how big the rings should be. People who may have actually been better or got really close to better scores probably would have scored better had we made rings bigger. The way we had it just left the scoring much undifferentiated; everyone was fairly similar in scoring. Reliability may be in jeopardy for a test like this if you test on different surfaces. To keep consistent and for this test to be reliable it would have been better to do it on a consistent uniform surface such as the field house or turf. We controlled the objectivity of the test by having the same person score the throwing form part of the test and the same people judge the point value part of the test.

3 5. For this test you will need a set of Bocce balls, and three ropes varying from large to small in length in order to make a target for the participants. You will also need a tape measure to mark the distance between the line they shall stand behind to the front edge of the target. Also you will need to measure the distance between each ring to make sure it is consistent the whole way around. 6. When performing our test, you will place yourself behind the line. With the ball in your dominant hand you will toss it underhand as if you were tossing a bean bag. As you toss the ball forward you will want to step with the opposite foot, have your knees slightly bent, throwing arm caulked back. As your arm moves forward with the ball you will want to follow through with the throwing arm pointed in the direction you would like the ball to go. You will be be aiming at the three rings we have placed in front of you. Your goal is to land score the highest in only two throws. The middle ring is worth 3 points, the next is 2 points and the last is point. If you land anywhere outside of the rings you will not get any points. 7. To score the procedure, we added the points in trial and trial 2 together, coming up with an overall score. To get points, the participant had to get the bocce ball in one of the circles. The center circle was worth 3 points, the second circle worth 2, the third worth, and if it landed outside they got zero points. The overall score was used for the group data, as well as the rank and category. 8. A highly skilled individual would be able to land the ball in the center rings all times that they throw. This person would also exhibit correct form, by bending their knees, stepping with the correct foot and following through with their throw arm. Their other arm would be used for balance purposes only. The next level of skill would an individual who had some accuracy when throwing. They would be able to land the ball in the rings or around the

4 vicinity. They would also follow through with their throwing arm but they may not step with the correct foot. Or vice versa. Finally the last category would consist of the individuals who are completely uncoordinated. They would be unable to throw the ball with any sort of proper form. They would be unable to land the ball any where near the rings that lie before them. 9. When it came to organization for this test, our group was on point for the most part. We had it set up before hand. We made a minor adjustment of the ropes to better the landing of the balls thrown by the participants. We could have used something else to make the rings, but we made it work with the materials we had available to us. Some factors influencing this test would be environmental factors. The ground was very uneven in the area that we were and it caused the balls to bounce in random directions when they were rolling across the surface. Also manipulative factors were a cause in how the ball would land based on the way that the participants would release it. Finally the instructions for the test were very clear and the participants understood what the task was. We also made it known to them how the point of the test. 0. HHP 494 Class Data # Name Sex Trial Trial 2 Total Score Rank Category Bowder, Kyleah F Needs Improvemnt 2 Bunting, Jimmie M 0 8 Poor 3 Feemster, Angelique F 2 3 Average

5 4 Fegter, Kellie F 0 8 Poor 5 Gieselman, Jake M 0 8 Poor 6 Hawk, Cody M 0 8 Poor 7 Limmer, Aaron M 0 8 Poor 8 Mayhall, Amy F 0 8 Poor 9 Ruskamp, Laura F 0 8 Poor 0 Vajgrt, Blake M 4 5 Good Vanderveld, Joe M 2 3 Average Dr. Boye F 2 3 Average 3 Wilcox, Mark M Needs Improvement Mean: Standard Deviation: Overall, we believe that we did a fairly good job with this test, even though there were minor things that could have been done differently. We began the test with the design being a small rope, a hula-hoop, and a large rope. After a couple of trials, we then realized that the hula-hoop was not the best choice for this particular test, because the balls would just hit the hula-hoop and not go into it. After a few trails, we switched out the hula-hoop with another rope, but using something more stable for the circles would have been better. The ropes did not make perfect circles, which could have definitely skewed the results. We may have also found a different surface for the test to be administered on, because the ground we did it on was a little uneven. This would have made the test more reliable; as the participants didn t

6 really know which way their ball would bounce because of the uneven ground. As far as administration goes, we did a good job of explaining the test to our participants and they knew exactly what to do. It may have been smart to come up with a different way to score this test because the scores were so low a lot of the times. For this reason it was hard to compare the results of the participants, as many of them were or 2. This test is supposed to measure bocce ball skills, but it may not have been exactly valid because the test did not exactly mirror what happens in the test (getting as close as you can to the little white ball). To make this test more valid, we could have had the participants using the white ball as well because that is actually how you play bocce ball. I believe our test held objectivity, because we had the same people explaining, scoring, and interpreting the test each time. Other potential tests that may measure bocce balls skills include a test using the white ball in a more game-like situation, as well as any test that would measure the skill of roll a small ball at a target.

McArdle s Three-Minute Step Test HHP 494. March 26, Morgan Vitosh & Kendra Alberts

McArdle s Three-Minute Step Test HHP 494 March 26, 2013 Morgan Vitosh & Kendra Alberts The Three-Minute Step Test was performed by the individuals in our HHP 494 class. The purpose of the Three-Minute