ILS Tower Design from a Static and Frangibility Perspective. Europoles GmbH & Co KG, Germany Helmut Lieb, R&D

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1 ILS Tower Design from a Static and Frangibility Perspective Europoles GmbH & Co KG, Germany Helmut Lieb, R&D

2 Overview 1. History a) Wood panels pole b) Tapered and anti-tapered c) Export version, cylindrical without resin in the joint 2. Material investigation in fiber glass a) Fiber glass bending and shear tests IMA Dresden (institute for material research and application technology) b) Bolt capacity in fiber glass c) Influence of UV on fiber glass UV loaded fiber glass in comparison to non UV loaded fiber glass d) Influence of temperature on fiber glass together with wind e) Material behavior in respect of damping resonance on wind gusts and further frequencies f) National American Meteorological Service g) Loadcase: temperature, wind h) Design 3. References a) Guam b) Japan c) Schwäbisch Hall 4. Accidents a) Movie b) Pictures 5. Frangibility a) Report NLR b) Tests Concept Graz c) Tests V2V2, Graz d) Tests SES 6. Frangibility design ideas 7. Final Design

3 HISTORY

4 HISTORY wood panels pole

5 HISTORY Tapered and Anti-tapered - Guam

6 HISTORY - Export Version, cylindrical without resin in the joint

7 MATERIAL INVESTIGTION IN FIBER GLASS

8 Fiber Glass Bending and Shear Tests IMA Dresden (Institute for material research and application technology)

9 Fiber Glass Bending and Shear Tests IMA Dresden (Institute for material research and application technology)

10 Bolt Capacity in Fiber Glass

11 Bolt Capacity in Fiber Glass

12 Bolt Capacity in Fiber Glass

13 Influence UV on Fiber Glass UV loaded fiber glass in comparison to non UV loaded fiber glass

14 Influence UV on Fiber Glass UV loaded fiber glass in comparison to non UV loaded fiber glass

15 Influence UV on Fiber Glass UV loaded fiber glass in comparison to non UV loaded fiber glass

16 Influence UV on Fiber Glass UV loaded fiber glass in comparison to non UV loaded fiber glass

17 Influence UV on Fiber Glass UV loaded fiber glass in comparison to non UV loaded fiber glass

18 Influence Of Temperature on Fiber Glass

19 Influence Of Temperature on Fiber Glass

20 Material Behavior in Respect of Damping Resonance on wind gusts and further frequencies

21 Material Behavior in Respect of Damping Resonance on wind gusts and further frequencies

22 NATIONAL AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE Mainly 3-hourly readings of temperature and wind speed of the official station of the Oklahoma National American Meteorological Service of the time series from 1986 to 2008 and Mostly 6-hourly readings of temperature and wind speed of the official station of the Wichita Falls American national weather service of the time series

23 Loadcase: Temperature and Wind

24 Loadcase: Temperature and Wind

25 DESIGN

26 DESIGN

27 DESIGN

28 REFERENCES

29 REFERENCES - Guam

30 REFERENCES - Guam

31 REFERENCES - Japan

32 REFERENCES - Japan

33 REFERENCES Schwäbisch Hall

34 REFERENCES Schwäbisch Hall

35 ACCIDENTS

36 ACCIDENTS - movie

37

38

39

40

41 FRANGIBILITY

42 FRANGIBILITY Report NLR, 2003

43 FRANGIBILITY Tests München, movie

44 FRANGIBILITY Tests Leibheim (Concept Graz), movie

45 V01 V03 V02 FRANGIBILITY Tests Graz (Virt. Vehicle Graz) GFK3 comparison crash behavior 0 ms 30 ms 80 ms 120 ms Ansicht von oben

46 V01 V03 V02 FRANGIBILITY Tests Graz (Virt. Vehicle Graz) CGB - comparison crash behavior 0 ms 30 ms 50 ms 120 ms Ansicht von oben

47 FRANGIBILITY - Tests August movie

48 FRANGIBILITY DESIGN IDEAS

49 FRANGIBILITY DESIGN IDEAS

50 FRANGIBILITY DESIGN IDEAS

51 FRANGIBILITY DESIGN IDEAS

52 FRANGIBILITY DESIGN IDEAS

53 FINAL DESIGN

54 FINAL DESIGN - Safety factors along general standard conditions Basic combinations Exceptional design situations Strength Overall stability Local stability Compounds Strength Local stability Overall stability Compounds Fiber composites machined Fiber composites manually crafted Thermoplastics on train Thermoplastics pressure 1,2 1,4 1,2 1,5 1,0 1,2 1,0 1,2 1,5 2,0 1,4 2,0 1,25 1,7 1,25 1,7 1,5* 1,25 1,2* 1,4 1,2 1,4 1,0 1,2 1,0 1,0 Foam on thrust 1,5 1,7 1,2 1,7 Foam on pressure 1,2 1,4 1,2 1,4

55 FINAL DESIGN - Design proposal based on general standard and tests Detecting the operating conditions (calculative reduction) - Duration of exposure For the pole longitudinal the influence factor A1 is: A 1 E = 1,4 for the modulus of elasticity and A 1 f = 2,4 for resistance For the pole tranverse the influence factor A1 is: A 1 E = 3,0 for the modulus of elasticity and A 1 f = 2,4 for resistance - Media influence For both directions the influence factor A2 is: A 2 E = A 2 f = 1,2 for modulus of elasticity and resistance - Temperature effect For the pole longitudinal the influence factor A3 is: A 3 E = 1,6 for the modulus of elasticity at operating temperatures 80 C A 3 E = 1,2 for the modulus of elasticity at operating temperatures 40 C A 3 f = 1,6 for resistance For the pole tranverse the influence factor A3 is: A 3 E = 1,8 for the modulus of elasticity and A 3 f = 1,1 for resistance Basic combination Exceptional design situations strength local stability overall stability strength local stability overall stability 1,2 1,4 1,2 1,0 1,2 1,0

56 FINAL DESIGN - Design proposal for wind speeds

57 THANK YOU 57

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