PASTELARIA STUDIOS PUBLISHER

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1 PASTELARIA STUDIOS PUBLISHER

2 Teresa Maria Queiroz Pastelaria Studios

3 New Release March 2015

4 capa ISBN Book 40,00 Pvp Euro New World Killi Series Vol I AA Última Demanda The Killi s of the lost world (168 Pages) 176mm 250mm by FRANS VERMEULEN GBP

5 Full Colour Edition over 200 Photos Pvp US Dollar Latest discoverys Frans invitation to the colourful world of Killi s

6 Screenshots Table of Contents Preface 5 1. Introduction 7 The Guiana Shield 7 The rivers and water bodies 8 The Killi s and their habitats 9 A natural way to fight malaria 10 Non annuals, their natural habitat and behaviour 12 Prepare best water for the non-annuals 13 Breeding and keeping Rivulids 15 Collecting Killi s in the wild The. Non-annual Genera 18 The genus Fluviphylax Whitley The genus Kryptolebias Costa The genus Rivulus Poey Pvp The Annual Genera 98 Breeding annuals 100 The genus Austrofundulus Myers The genus Gnatholebias Costa The genus Llanolebias Hrbek & Taphorn The genus Micromoema Costa The genus Rachovia Myers The genus Renova Thomerson & Taphorn The genus Terranatos Taphorn & Thomerson The genus Yssolebias Huber Index 154 * 5. Bibliography 158

7 Screenshots Half matured female with golden colour pattern. Half matured female with un-barred colour-pattern. in Brazil. Kryptolebias was erected as a new genus by Costa in 2005, and contained the marine species K. marmoratus and some other taxa and was separated from Rivulus by some osteological features. One unique feature all Kryptolebias have in common is their melanistic colouration of the body. In K. sepia this was also the case and the species showed a remarkable capacity to change colour and pattern in seconds. On the images above you see what this could look like. Due to problems in reproduction (females only) the species was lost from the hobby. The name sepia was chosen, with reference to the marine Order of cuttlefish Sepiidae that shows a similar behaviour by changing colours instantly. A year later a new Rivulus was described as Rivulus gaucheri Keith, Nandrin & Le Bail, 2006 and this taxon was found in a close by connected river system (Litani River) and a junior synonym of Kryptolebias sepia. This requires confirmation. Half matured female with light barred colour-pattern. Same fish as upper image. Matured female with melanistic barred colour pattern. Same fish as both upper images.

8 Huber, Screenshots In his work Reappraisal of the Phylogeny of Rivulus and its Allied focused on External Characters, published in Killi Data Series 2012 on pages 9 to page 26 Huber presents his vision of the status of the genus Rivulus based on external characters only. This work questions the methods and results of the work from Costa (2011). Huber states that the genus Rivulus is, in the large sense, shown as a monophyletic assemblage like in the molecular study by Murphy, Thomerson and Collier in 1999 with annual and non-annual species separated. This unlike Costa who used both morpho-osteological and molecular combined characters. Apart from the coherence of the genus Rivulus in a large sense, the analysis newly suggests the primitive position of Millerichthys, the monophyly of major annual subclades and the phylogenetic relationship of a clade of 2 subgenera of Rivulus, namely Atlantirivulus and Melanorivulus in line with a previous palaeo-bridge hypothesis. A computerized analysis of all Rivulidae+Kryptolebiinae lineages places the monotypic genus Prorivulus Costa 2004, with its type species P. aurifera, within Rivulus, and the clade with the subgenera Atlantirivulus and Melanorivulus. Huber states that the minor osteological diagnostic characters that were forwarded for these 2 latter taxa should be deepened and re-evaluated. Huber also mentions the 2 other subunits of Rivulus, namely Anablebsoides and Oditichthys which are placed atypically in the tree presented by Costa and that the 2 type species from these subgenera were not studied in Costa s work. He finally states that several phylogenetic lineages belonging to the huge- and poorly known Amazon Basin ends up in an unstable position and that more material and characters are thought necessary for further research of this very difficult group of fish. Pvp In a matrix, based on external characters only, Huber used new software to determine data from 44 lineages (v.s. Costa 27) and 144 unique characters (v.s. Costa 116) and produced bootstrap values that are much higher than previously released studies with morphological and osteological characters combined. It would go to far for this work to include all theories and tables, character sets and consensus trees presented in the publications by Huber and Costa. But Huber s major arguments questioning and not following the vision of Costa are given at the right.

9 Screenshots Right: From Loo Creek, a tributary to the Essequibo river, crossing the road to Linden, is this blue phenotype that was collected several times during our visits to Guyana. At the right one of the males of the Rivulus agilae that could be collected in a creek that was crossing the Kwakwani village center. We also could collect some Rivulus aff. stagnatus in the swamp that was next to the creek The male at the right was collected in 2010 during a visit to the Berbice river area in Guyana. A small creek, tributary to the Berbice river on the road south from Kwawani we were able to collect only a few of them. Right: A dominant male also collected in 2010 in a bush creek that we found at a hill near the Mappa Lake, a dead arm of the Berbice River.

10 Youtube promo video With more info available. _ Po New World Killi Series Vol I AA Última The Killi s of the lost world by FRANS VERMEULEN Order Your copy now Shipping march 2015

11 PASTELARIA STUDIOS PUBLISHER