SALMONID PHYLOGENY. FIGURE 1. The major phylogenetic hypotheses regarding the Salmonidae (rearranged to comparable format): (a)

Transcription

1 TRANSACTIONS

2 Ostariophysi, Argentinoidei, and Osmeroidei (Lauder and Liem 1983; Fink 1984; Begle 1991). Previous salmonid phylogenies (e.g., Norden 1961; Wilson 1974; Kendall and Behnke 1984; Sanford 1990) have interpreted the Salmoninae and Thymallinae STEARLEY AND SMITH

3 SALMONID PHYLOGENY FIGURE 1. The major phylogenetic hypotheses regarding the Salmonidae (rearranged to comparable format): (a) Norden (1961),

4 1980, 1984). Diverse proposals have been made for recognizing taxonomic structure within STEARLEY AND SMITH

5 his criteria were inconsistent with Regan's phylogenetic criteria. The distinction is that Tchernavin sought genealogical evidence SALMONID PHYLOGENY

6 STEARLEY

7 SALMONID PHYLOGENY 7 TABLE 1. Description of 119 salmonid character states. Assignments of numerical character states (bold digits)

8 \ STEARLEY AND SMITH TABLE 1. Continued. 41. Hyomandibula. Dorsolatcral surface narrow with adductor ridge

9 SALMONID PHYLOGENY TABLE I. Continued. 81. Preopercle. Ventral limb long, two-thirds the length of dorsal limb (0), reduced, half the length of dorsal limb (1),

10 10 STEARLEY AND SMITH nr FIGURE 2. Neurocranium, dorsal bones removed

11 SALMONID PHYLOGENY 11 FIGURE 3. Dermethmoids, dorsal view, anterior Co)

12 12 STEARLEY AND SMITH ob sq sq (a) FIGURE 4. Frontals, right, dorsal view, anterior up (parietals attached except in b). (a) Salmo trutta, UMMZ S; (d)

13 SALMONID PHYLOGENY 13 pspd psp psp FIGURE 5. Otic region psp \ pspd

14 14 STEARLEY

15 SALMONID PHYLOGENY 15 (C) qu lap Ce) qu FIGURE 7. Suspensorium

16 16 STEARLEY

17 SALMONID PHYLOGENY 17 FIGURE 9. Ceratohyals, right lateral view, (a) Salvelinus namaycush. UMMZ S; (b) Salmo trutta, UMMZ S; (c) Oncorhynchus clarki. UMMZ ; (d) Oncorhynchus gilae S; (c) Oncorhynchus mykiss S; (f)

18 18 STEARLEY AND SMITH FIGURE 11. Consensus cladogram of relationships of Hucho and Salve/inns. Character suites supporting nodes are described in Table 2. The taxon known only as fossils is indicated by a dagger ' FIGURE 12. Consensus cladogram of relationships of Sal mo and Oncorhynchus. Character suites supporting nodes are described in Table 2. The taxa known only as fossils are indicated by a dagger.

19 TABLE 2. Character support SALMONID PHYLOGENY 19

20 20 STEARLEY AND SMITH TABLE 2. Continued. Description and state 61 Premaxilla with cartilage pocket (1) (unam.) TABLE 2. Continued. Character Character Description and state

21 SALMONID PHYLOGENY 21 TABLE 2. Continued. Description and state TABLE 2. Continued. Character Character Description and state Node

22 22 STEARLEY

23 ovate SALMONID PHYLOGENY 23

24 24 STEARLEY AND SMITH Molecular and Biochemical Evidence Berg and Ferns (1984) studied the amount of divergence of mitochondrial DNA (mtdna) among four species: brook trout, brown trout, rainbow trout, and Chinook salmon. Their discovery that rainbow trout

25 SALMONID PHYLOGENY 25 (a) T FIGURE 13. Comparison

26 26 STEARLEY AND SMITH demonstrated introgressive transfer

27 mens. Carl Bond also supplied helpful osteological information. Doug Nelson provided collection SALMONID PHYLOGENY 27

28 28 STEARLEY

29 edition British Museum of Natural History, London. Miller, R. R Notes on the cutthroat and rainbow trouts with SALMONID PHYLOGENY 29

30 30 STEARLEY AND SMITH seum

31 Appendix: Data Matrix SALMONID PHYLOGENY 31

32 32 TABLE A. 1. Extended. STEARLEY AND SMITH Character Taxon Novumbra Thaleichthys Chanos Prosopium Coregonus Stenodus Thymallus Eosalmo Brachymystax Acantholingua Salmothymus Platysalmo Hucho hucho Hucho perryi Salvelinus larsoni malma alpinus namaycush fontinalis confluentis leucomaenis Salmo trutta Salmo salar Oncorhynchus chrysogaster clarki gilae apache lacusiris tnykiss aguabonita (redband) masou kisutch tshawyischa rastrosits keta nerka gorbuscha 41-45! ? OIOII ? ? lino UNO ? ?? 1? ?000 0? ?? ? moo ??? ?

33 SALMONID PHYLOGENY 33 TABLE A. 1. Extended. Character Taxon Novumbra Thaleichthys Chanos Prosopium Coregonus Stenodus Thymallus Eosalmo Brachymystax Acantholingua Salmothymus Platysahno Hitcho hucho Hucho pcrryi Salvetinus larsoni malma alpinus namaycush fonlinalis confluent is leucomaenis Salmo trittla Salmo salar Oncorhynchus chrysogastcr clarki gilae apache locust ris mykiss aguabonita (red band) masou kisutch ishawytscha rastrosus keta nerka gorbuscha IIII ?* > * >?o ?? IIOIO oiuo OlOil Q ??? \2 t > i *t ? J ?1 001? ????? oino OHIO ?????