Finnish National Reference Laboratory for Parasites FiNRLP

Transcription

1 Finnish National Reference Laboratory for Parasites FiNRLP Antti Oksanen, Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Production Animal and Wildlife Health Research Unit, Oulu FINPAR Monitoring of Herring worm and Cod worm (Dr. Perttu Koski) Commission Regulation Detection method: press of the skinned fish and visual examination under fluorescent light Wild Baltic herring, sprat (Sprattus sprattus), salmon, whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus), pearch (Perca fluviatilis), roach (Rutilus rutilus) Totally 3673 fish Species determination of Anisakis simplex, A. pegreffi, A. physeteris and Pseudoterranova decipiens by PCR. Contracaecum larva under the liver capsule of a salmon (UV light) 10th Workshop of National Reference Laboratories for Parasites, ISS; Rome, May,

2 Results and conclusions Altogether 4 fish (2 salmon broodfish caught from the Bothnian Bay and 2 big herring (28 cm long) caught from the Sea of Bothnia) were found to be infected with A. simplex All 4 fish had larvae in the intestinal organs, one salmon one larva also in the edible parts Intensity of the infection was low(-moderate): herring A 1 larva, herring B 25 larvae, salmon A 1 larva, salmon B 2 larvae Prevalence: salmon 0.6%, big herring 0.9% All 1782 herring of the size used raw or almost raw as human food in Finland (EU size class 5) and 780 sprat were negative. Prevalence of other nematode larvae (mainly Contracaecum osculatum, which is not regarded aszoonotic) was % depending on the species of the fish). Results of the small scale monitoring during 2014 (Bothnian Bay rivers, broodfish on spawning migration): 98 salmon broodfish 12 seatrout broodfish All were negative with regard to Anisakis spp. or Pseudoterranova decipiens, 3 salmon infected with other nematode larvae (one of them in edible parts of fish) 5 Pseudoterranova decipiens The codworm During the last years findings from the south coast of Sweden (Skåne), one finding from the southern archipelago of Stockholm The egg does not need salty water for the development unlike Anisakis simplex The Herring worm possibility of the spread to the coast of Finland No reported cases of anisakiosis (infection of Anisakis or Pseudoterranova) in humans in Finland or in Sweden First occurence of cod worm in Finland form a wild pearch caught from the SE coast in 2013 (fisherman) Sporadic findings in cod caught from other Baltic Sea member states and sold in Finland shops (EU common market items) 6 Possible life cycle of Pseudoterranova decipiens in the Baltic Sea (No reported human cases in Finland or in Sweden)). Picture: EFSA working group report Harbour seal (Phoca vitulina), grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and ringed seal (Phoca hispida) Cod, bullhead species etc. Prevalence (n= 2483, 618 positive) mink otter 0 % 3 % Negative Positive 2483 animals, collected by hunters foxes 662 raccoon dogs 402 lynx 125 brown bears 102 wolves 75 pine martens 53 badgers 31 otters 23 minks Multiplex PCR 316 isolations badger 8 % pine marten 9 % wolf 38 % bear 6 % lynx 45 % raccoon dog 28 % red fox 19 % TT 1 T 2 3 M 8 2

3 Trichinella species by host pine martem otter badger wolverine bear wolf raccoon dog red fox lynx T. spiralis T. nativa T. britovi T. pseudospiralis LPG Raccoon dog showed the highest parasite density with all Trichinella species Geographical distribution Species n % % T. spiralis % 15 % T. nativa % 80.5 % T. britovi % 9.2 % T. pseudospiralis % 2.3 % Mixed infection % 7 %

4 Maximum likelihood tree based on ND1, ND3, CO1 and ATP6 sequences G5 E. ortleppi cattle outlier (Taenia sp) sheep E. granulosus s.s. horse E. equinus ruminant cervid G8 cervid G10 cervid E. canadensis E. multiloc. bovine E. ortleppi cervids cervid hypothetical ancestral cycles equivocal G6 camel (goat, cervid) G7 pig 13 E. canadensis camel swine ESCCAP-Echinococcus-Vilnius Cyst size (n=32 cases; A. Lavikainen) SIZE no. of cases grape 1 (14 cysts) chestnut 1 walnut 1 3 cm (diameter) 1 4 cm cm 1 5 cm 1 plum 2 egg 5 tangerine 2 tomato 1 billiard ball 2 6 cm 1 goose egg 1 apple 1 8 cm 1 (2 cysts) fist 2 orange 4 1 L 1 child s head 1 13 L 1 15 In addition, 3 small, 5 big, 2 large, and 1 enormous were mentioned. 16 4

5 ESCCAP-Echinococcus-Vilnius Tromsø museum 5

6 21 Tromsø museum ESCCAP-Echinococcus-Vilnius 6

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