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1 nam I B I A U n IVE RS ITY OF SCIEnCE AnD TECHnOLOGY FACUL TV OF HUMAN SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND LANGUAGES QUALIFICATION: N/A QUALIFICATION CODE: N/A LEVEL: 4 COURSE: LANGUAGE IN PRACTICE COURSE CODE: LIP411S DATE: NOVEMBER 2016 SESSION: NOVEMBER 2016 DURATION: 3 HOURS MARKS: 100 FIRST OPPORTUNITY EXAMINATION- QUESTION PAPER EXAMINER(S) Mr. C. Gwasira Dr. S. Shipale Mr. F. Salomo Ms. L. Haulofu Ms. H. Moongela Ms. M. Rainey Ms.A. Smith MODERATOR: Ms. C. Botes THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 5 PAGES (Excluding this front page) INSTRUCTIONS 1. Answer ALL the questions. 2. Write clearly and neatly. 3. Number the answers clearly. PERMISSIBLE MATERIALS 1. Exam ination paper. 2. Examination script.

2 SECTION A: READING COMPREHENSION [30 MARKS] Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow: Wild lions near extinction 1. FORGET about the rhino for a moment and spare a thought for the lions. When the rhino poaching problem subsides in five to 10 years, wild lions will be gone. Africa's lion population has shrunk by 75 percent in the past two decades, according to wildlife experts. They are currently 'vulnerable' on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature's list of threatened species. In west and central Africa lions are classified as 'endangered'. 2. 'The facts are these lions are declining at such a fast pace. We will have nothing left in a few years/ conservation group Walking for Lions (WFL) founder Marcus Roodbol says. 'Have we ever thought what we will do when we realise the last lion has been shot or poisoned? What will we do when we sit in the African bush and not hear the lion roar?' Trophy hunting, human encroachment, poaching, lion poisoning, and human/lion conflict have become a grave concern, prompting educational and awareness campaigns to save 'the king of the jungle.' 3. In Asia, lion bones have become a popular commodity for healing and traditional purposes. 'This is a huge concern as the market is increasing for lion bones to make lion soup or lion wine. Its properties are believed to provide medicinal remedies, which is medically unfounded/ says Roodbol. The expanding agricultural sector has led to lions confining themselves to isolated areas, increasing their risk of extinction. 'We as humans have this ideal image that we can reintroduce lions back into the wild once they are gone. What makes us think this? If we cannot even save the last remaining wild lions and support the local communities living with these animals, what makes us think we can do it later?' 4. Wildlife photographer and conservationist Christina Bush says the most urgent threat to lions today is widespread use of pesticides and poison by farmers in retaliation for the loss of livestock. 'Every year more lions die as they are forced to make room for Africa's growth. In Botswana alone over 100 lions are killed each year in an attempt to protect livestock. 'In South Africa around 1500 lions are killed each year in the name of trophy hunting, she says. 'By killing the dominant male in the pride hunters set off a chain reaction of instinctive behaviours in which the subsequent dominant male kills all the offspring of the previous dominant male lion. lt is estimated that six to eight feline deaths results from each dominant male that is shot.' 5. A lot more needs to be done to prevent the species' extinction. 'Wild African lions are at risk of extinction by the year 2020 unless drastic measures are taken to save them,' she warns. WFL in South Africa has taken up the plight to help preserve wild lions. Roodbol and several others will embark on a 500km walk from Windhoek to Ghanzi in Botswana over two months starting May 1. Their aim is to educate people, including farmers and schoolchildren, along the way about the importance of lion conservation. The group will walk 30km per day and film the campaign to promote global awareness through social networking sites. Students from the University of Botswana and Cheetah Conservation Botswana are expected to join the march for a few days. 6. Topics such as poaching, canned hunting, the illegal lion bone and fur trade, lion consumption, lion mitigation methods, and volunteering will be discussed. 'We would like to create 1

3 global awareness and give people something to think about when it comes to various aspects of lion conservation,' he says. If enough money is raised through the walk, it will be used to help communities living with lions to ensure their survival. 'Through the years of working with wild lions and hand-raised lions we finally came to our senses that if we as a younger generation do not start working on the future of our wildlife, our children will not experience the beauty of Africa, ' Roodbol says. 7. According to Panthera, a wildcat conservation group, lions have vanished from over 80 percent of their historic range and are extinct in 26 countries. Only seven countries, Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe are believed to each contain more than 1000 lions. On its website, Panthera says lions are increasingly coming into closer contact with humans as their habitat is converted for human use. Kenya alone loses around 100 wild lions every year due to human contact. Experts believe there will be no more wild lions left in Kenya by Panthera says there is a scarcity of wild prey due to over-hunting by humans. When wild preys are over-hunted, lions are forced to feed on livestock. This drives further conflict with humans in which the lion ultimately loses. Beverly and Derreck Joubert, National Geographic explorers based in Botswana, say there will be environmental havoc if lions go extinct. 'They are the most vital centre point in many ecosystems. If we lose them we can anticipate eventual collapse of whole environments, right down to the water systems, as prey shifts or migrations stop, and species overgraze and destroy the integrity of important vegetation, especially along rivers.' lt could also hurt the economic systems of people who rely on tourism to survive. 'Many come to Africa to see the big cats in the wild. Losing that could devastate areas where this tourism is the sole source of income,' the pair believes. 9. 'Saving the lions from extinction is a cause that not enough people know about. Lions are incredibly powerful cats, but even they need help from those who care about preserving wildlife for the future.' Adapted from: Answer the following questions based on the article "Wild lions near extinction". 1. In which parts of Africa are wild lions considered to be in danger of extinction? 2. Name four factors that are threatening the existence of lions. (4) 3. Why does Roodbol argue that human beings cannot reintroduce lions back into the wild once they are gone? 4. Explain why lions are killed in Botswana and in South Africa. 5. i) What drastic step did Roodbol take to save the lions? ii) How and when will Roodbol's plan to prevent the extinction of lions be implemented? 6. How did WLF plan to spread the message of saving the lions to the world? 7. Why, according to Panthera, are lions living closer to humans? 8. What causes lions to feed on livestock? 9. Explain the "environmental havoc" that will result from the extinction of lions. (Paragraph 8) 10. Who does the phrase "the pair" refer to? (Paragraph 8) 11. Indicate whether the statements below are true or false. Quote from the passage to prove your answer. (4) 2

4 A. Lions are increasing because they are confining themselves to isolated areas. B. The aim of the SOOkm walk is to promote global awareness through social networking sites. 12. Find words, in the passage, that have the same meaning (synonyms) as the words below. (4) A. declines (Paragraph 1) B. product (Paragraph 3) C. following (Paragraph 4) D. lack (Paragraph 8) SECTION B: GRAMMAR [20 marks] Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. The problem of old age Life is normally divided into five main stages. (1} These are infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age. In each of these stages, an individual has to face (2} different problems. Old age is not without problems. In old age, physical strength (3) deteriorates, mental stability diminishes, money power becomes bleak, and there is negligence (4} from the younger generation. According to one (5) research, nearly forty percent of (6} senior citizens living with their families are reportedly facing abuse of one kind or another, (7} but only one out of six actually come to light. Although some countries have (8} the Maintenance and welfare of parents and senior citizens act which punishes children who abandon parents with a prison term, the situation remains grim for elderly people. According to some Non-Governmental Organisations, incidents of elderly couples being forced to sell their houses are very high. (9} Disagreements about property take place. Many suffer or are scared to speak out because they fear humiliation. A phenomenon called grand dumping is becoming common in urban areas these days. (10} Children neglect their parents without shame. After a certain age, health problems begin to crop up leading to losing control over one's body and even not recognising one's own family. lt is at this time that the children begin to see their parents as a burden. The parents sometimes wander out of their homes, or are thrown out. Some children dump their old parents or grandparents in old peoples' homes and do not even go to visit them anymore. The elderly has their rights. They cannot be evict from their houses without due process of law. Children have to care for there old parents. Parents have the rite to seek help. {Adapted from Reading strategies: texts and contexts by J Robinson 2008} 1. Identify the parts of speech of the words numbered 1 to 8 in Paragraphs 1 and 2. Write the word and next to it, the part of speech. {8) 2. Rewrite the underlined sentence (number 9): Disagreements about property take place. in the negative form. 3. Write the underlined sentence (number 10): Children neglect their parents without shame. 3

5 (a) In the simple future tense (b) In the present continuous tense (c) In the past perfect tense 4. There are four errors in Paragraph 5. Rewrite the whole paragraph and correct the errors. Underline the words that you have corrected. (4) SECTION C: ESSAY AND PARAGRAPH ANALYSIS [20 marks] Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. What's the best way to help the homeless? There are many homeless people the world over. In fact, every country has got its fair share of the homeless. Misunderstandings about homelessness always get in the way of solving the problem. Let us look at the main causes of homelessness and how this problem can be overcome. People have some misconceptions about who the homeless are and the best ways to help. Some people prefer to ignore them and pretend as if they do not exist. Others acknowledge the existence of the homeless people but do not want to have anything to do with them. There are restaurants that are known to have refused to serve homeless people. Or even those who look like they might be homeless. Research by social workers found that a huge range of factors can cause people to become homeless. One major factor is family breakdown. All people need a strong extended family system to support them. Without a proper family unit, desperate people become homeless. For women, escaping a violent relationship often leads to homelessness. Another cause is drug dependency. In a 2011 crisis study of single homeless people, thirty per cent had experienced drug dependency. Furthermore, mental and physical health problems, poor education, and the loss of a partner are regarded as important factors. The problem of homelessness can be overcome, or at least reduced in scale. The most immediately important thing if you see a person who is homeless is to get them out of that situation. Donating money or food is always a matter of personal choice, but the most important thing is that people who are without a home get the help they need as quickly as possible. But charities do caution that for young people especially, money could enable street gangs to exploit them, making their situation even worse. Ultimately, it is long-term help that is going to make a difference. If you can, donating to a charity to support their work is a good way to do something deeper to solve the problem. Concerned groups argue that better funding for homelessness services and more affordable housing is the best way forward. Government, for one thing, has to get involved through its department of social services. An up to date list of people in need has to be compiled, followed by clear strategies to be adopted in the fight against homelessness. If there are people who feel passionately about this issue, joining campaigns in support of housing for the homeless might be the best way to help. Homeless people can be elderly male, female, or even children. We all must push for more affordable homes in an effort to tackle the deeper roots of homelessness. Homeless people are particularly vulnerable to abuse, assault or mugging. If we all work together, this problem will be brought to an end. (Adapted from Evergreen texts by J Romstedt 2011) 4

6 1 Identify the thesis statement of this essay and write it down. 2 What is the purpose of the thesis statement you have identified in Question 1? 3 Identify and write down the sentence fragment in Paragraph 2. 4 Explain how the sentence fragment in Paragraph 2 can be fixed. 5 Write down any three supporting ideas expressed in Paragraph 3. (3) 6 Identify and write down the topic sentence of Paragraph 4. 7 From the topic sentence you identified in Question 6, write (a) the topic (b) the controlling idea. 8 Write down two transitional words used in Paragraph 3. 9 What is the main idea that is presented in Paragraph 3? 10 Identify and write down an irrelevant sentence in Paragraph What is the purpose of the 6 1 h Paragraph ofthis essay? 12 This essay is (choose one): (A) descriptive (B) narrative (C) explanatory (D) argumentative SECTION D: ESSAY WRITING [30 marks] Choose one of the topics below and write an essay of about 250 to 300 words on it. Pay attention to the structure of your essay, coherence, punctuation and other language aspects. 1 Spare the rod and spoil the child 2 A foreign country I would like to live in 3 An embarrassing experience 4 Fashion 5 Helping the elderly in our society 6 Lost in the big city! END 5

TEAM TARONGA the 2018 CITY2SURF. Fundraising Pack

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