Year in the wild Addo Elephant National Park
|
|
- Magdalene Norman
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 the Park of Since its start as a small park to save the Eastern Cape s last elephants, Addo has grown to cover a vast area of mountains, forest, bush and beach. Despite its challenges, it s one of Africa s greatest conservation stories. By Scott Ramsay.
2 Year in the wild Addo Elephant National Park 87
3 88 Getaway march 2013
4 Year in the wild Addo Elephant National Park Colossal, immense or ginormous are appropriate adjectives to describe an elephant. Weigh ing up to 7000 kilograms and measuring four metres at its front shoulder, an African bull elephant can eat 300 kilograms of plant matter and drink around 200 litres of water every day. Some of the largest tusks their upper incisor teeth weigh more than 75 kilograms each, which is equivalent to that of an average man. Elephants are very, very big. But these statistics and adjectives don t fully prepare you for a close encounter with Earth s largest land animal. Wild elephants command attention and respect like no other creature and, in Addo Elephant National Park, just 40 kilometres northeast of Port Elizabeth, there s every chance of getting near to them. My first meeting with Addo s elephants was more like a roadblock. I turned a corner in my car, and a breeding herd of 20-odd individuals was walking determinedly up the road towards me. Hemmed in on either side by the bush and from the back by another vehicle, I couldn t go anywhere. I leaned out of my window to take a few photos and, as they came closer, I had no choice but to surrender meekly to their indisputable authority, pulling my camera back in. They passed within centimetres, the matriarch giving me a sideways glance as if to say driver s licence, please, before moving on. The next day, I was with guide Martin Bronkhorst from Gorah Elephant Camp, a beautiful private lodge in the east of the park where I d been staying. A lone bull was pulling up grass, still damp from recent rains. Martin slowed the Landy and stopped a few metres away. The bull stopped feeding and ambled over to us, standing alongside the vehicle. An elephantine eclipse blocked out the sun. His tusk almost scraped the bonnet. He seems to be enjoying our company, Martin whispered. I hope he is, I replied softly. After a few minutes of not doing anything in particular, the bull obviously decided he needed to be somewhere else. He waved his trunk at us before sauntering off down the road as if on his way to another appointment. Incredible, hey? Martin smiled. We agreed that neither of us had felt unduly threatened during our silent meeting with Mr Elephant. He had treated us with consideration and respect. The Addo elephants are very friendly, he explained. And that s something of a miracle, considering everything they ve been through. Forgive and forget If the saying that an elephant never forgets is true, then the elephants of The Addo elephants are very friendly and that s something of a miracle, considering everything they ve been through opposite: Two bull elephants in a spekboom thicket, as seen from conservation manager John Adendorff s aircraft. Above left: A greater double-collared sunbird on an aloe flower near the main rest camp. Above right: The Alexandria coastal forest in the south yields an array of fruits in summer. 89
5
6 Year in the wild Addo Elephant National Park Addo must be very forgiving. Several million African elephants roamed the continent during the early 1700s and the South African population was an estimated , many of which would have ranged across the southeastern Cape where Addo lies today. The slaughter began when the Europeans arrived 400 years ago. The last elephant in Cape Town was shot in 1652 and hunters moved steadily up the east coast. By 1918, there were no more than 140 elephants near Addo, down from several thousand just a century before. Here the animals hid away in the dense spekboom, a rubbery, near-impenetrable succulent bush that grows, coincidentally, to the height of an elephant. Surrounded by citrus farmers, the elephants had nowhere to go and the orange orchards proved too juicy for them to ignore. At night they d emerge from the thickets and raid the crops. Soon farmers were petitioning government to kill all the elephants and a hunter, Major PJ Pretorius, was employed by the Administrator of the Cape Colony. Between 1919 and 1920, he shot about 114 elephants with his.475 Jeffries double-barrelled rifle and captured two calves to be sold to Boswell s Circus. On one occasion, he maimed an elephant with a shot through its spinal column, then climbed onto its back and shot it through the head. In another hunt, he shot 22 elephants in just a few minutes. At the end of the macabre year, just 16 elephants remained. The public finally woke up to the tragedy, but it took another decade before authorities acknowledged the need to save the last of the Cape s elephants. Addo Elephant National Park was proclaimed in 1931 and the few remaining elephants had to be chased into its boundaries from surrounding areas with firecrackers, shotguns and bonfires. However, the park wasn t fenced and the elephants wandered back into the surrounding orchards, where they came into conflict with farmers, further reducing their numbers to 11. Another 23 years passed before warden Graham Armstrong developed a unique fencing system of railway sleepers and Otis lift cables unbreakable by elephants. In 1954, about 20 square kilometres of land was fenced and finally, after four centuries of hunting, the remaining elephants were safe from people and their guns. Still, for several decades, the elephants feared or hated anything that looked or smelt like a human. During the day, they would hide away in the spekboom or chase people and overturn cars when they could. They clearly hadn t forgotten the years of hunting and persecution. The big and the small Today, however, it seems as if the elephants have forgiven us. More than 650 elephants roam the park, mingling peacefully beside the vehicles of about tourists a year. This is undoubtedly Addo s most famous success story, park manager Norman Johnson explained. It s why the park was proclaimed, to save these elephants from local extinction, Addo was all about elephants at first, but today it s about conserving the biomes and their animal and plant species Above left and right: The dung beetles of Addo and other species play a critical role in recycling nutrients from animals into the soil. 91
7 Year in the wild Addo Elephant National Park and even though they re still wild animals, they ve become very habituated to people and vehicles. The elephants now are so successful they re becoming a nice problem. At some stage we ll need to look at controlling the population, but for now we won t use culling as an option. We ll either move elephants into new parts of the park, or we ll look at using contraceptives in certain sectors of the elephant population. Addo was all about elephants at first, but today it s about conserving the biomes and their animal and plant species, said Norman. The park has grown considerably since proclamation and today the terrestrial part covers square kilometres, with a long-term target of It stretches roughly 150 kilometres end to end across diverse ecosystems; five of South Africa s nine biomes are found in Addo, namely Nama Karoo, fynbos, Albany thicket, forest and Indian Ocean coastal belt. Key conservation concerns include the endemic flightless dung beetle (Circellium bacchus, which is crucial for recycling nutrients from dung into the soil), black rhino and Cape buffalo, which barely survived the hunting of the 1800s and is one of the few disease-free populations in South Africa. Then there s the remarkable thicket biome, an endemic yet threatened type of vegetation in South Africa. The predominant plant is spekboom, which forms the basis of Addo s highly productive ecosystem. Spekboom is amazing, said conservation manager John Adendorff. Besides its medicinal values and ability to sequester carbon from the atmosphere, it s able to sustain high concentrations of animals, TOP: The disease-free Cape buffalo population of Addo is one of the few in the country that wasn t wiped out by hunters. ABove left and right: On the beaches of the Alexandria dune field are numerous middens, Stone Age rubbish dumps where food was processed and eaten, leaving behind fossilised bones for modern-day people to find. opposite page: The mouth of the Sundays River is at the beginning of the Alexandria dune field, the largest of its kind in the southern hemisphere. 92 Getaway march 2013
8 including elephants. The reason for Addo s high elephant density about 2,8 elephants per square kilometre is simple: they love spekboom. It s full of water, has a high protein and vitamin content and, unlike many savanna trees or bushes, it grows back readily after being browsed. Even just breaking off a stem and leaving it on the ground can result in the growth of a new plant. The more elephants eat spekboom, the better it grows. It s not just elephants that thrive on it. During the day, black rhino use it to hide away and 60 per cent of the Addo buffalo s diet is made up of spekboom (elsewhere buffalo tend to graze grass elsewhere in Africa). The elephants now are so successful they re becoming a nice problem Several antelope species, including a thriving kudu population, also browse on the plant. All these herbivores make for happy predators and lion and spotted hyena are doing well after reintroductions into the park. From just six lions introduced from Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park, Addo s population reached 22 before some were relocated to other reserves; and from eight individuals brought in from Kruger, its spotted hyena numbers have climbed to 20. In the beginning, the lion s speciality was buffalo. At one stage there were two males which killed buffalo almost exclusively; they could take out up to 12 buffalo in one month. And the hyenas are definitely not scavengers; they hunt kudu successfully, John said. At some point, predators can seriously affect herbivore numbers so, like all protected areas, we have to keep a balance so gave away some lion. Lions now concentrate on species such as red hartebeest, kudu, eland and ostrich while buffalo have developed successful defensive strategies by forming larger herds and staying out of the thick bush. Travel planner overleaf xx
9 Year in the wild Addo Elephant National Park Addo s other sections Most of the big wildlife is in the Main Section, where the spekboom thicket occurs and the park s biggest rest camp lies. Located between the N2 national highway and the public R342 road in the north, this is where most visitors start their stay at Addo before exploring the other sections to the north or south. Sections are separated by fences or public roads and John, who has worked here for 20 years, thinks some of the lesser-known areas are more beautiful than Addo s main wildlife section. The mountains of Zuurberg are my favourite. They re one of the oldest wilderness areas in Africa, declared in 1896; it s untouched and wild and the only way to explore is by hiking or on horseback. To the northwest, in the rain shadow of the mountains, is the arid Darlington Section, where black rhino munch on spiky euphorbia plants and Darlington Dam gives relief from the intense summer heat. From there, 4x4ers can tackle a day trail over the top, above left and right: Conservation student Melissa Perozzi on the two-day Alexandria Trail, which goes through a surprisingly beautiful section where Outeniqua yellowwoods soar into the heavens, and small mushrooms and lichen thrive in the temperate undergrowth. 94 Getaway march 2013
10 mountains into the adjacent Kabouga Section in the south. Some of the best views in the park are on offer here, while forested kloofs shelter remote, isolated populations of Knysna turaco and the Sundays River provides a home for the few hippos that Addo protects. In the far south, the coastal Woody Cape Section s lush temperate forest abuts the Alexandria dune field, the largest in the southern hemisphere. The beautiful two-day hiking trail in this section is a must-do. There are plans to develop an extensive 120-square-kilometre marine conservation area adjacent to the coastal section and incorporating the protected offshore St Croix and Bird islands, which are home to critical populations of endemic African penguins and Cape Gannets. That s our biggest challenge at the moment, John admitted. Both penguins and gannets are in a gloomy situation. There were pairs of penguins 15 years ago on St Croix; today there are no more than and that s the largest breeding colony in the world. Declining fish stocks and global warming are seen as the main culprits, both of which are out of direct control of John and his team. We do as much as we can. We have teams actively looking after the birds. Kelp gulls and seals are stopped from eating the eggs and chicks and if we see a penguin that is sick or injured, we ll intervene and rehabilitate it. We have to because, unless things change drastically, African penguins could be extinct in 20 years. Symbol of hope Despite this, John remains optimistic that conservation authorities will win the day. The creation of the proposed marine protected area will secure some of the fish stocks for penguins and provide sanctuary to a host of other marine species. It would be a fitting finale to Addo s growth from a small patch of spekboom created to save elephants, to a 2000-square-kilometre conservation area protecting species as diverse as dung beetles and black rhino, cycads and yellowwood trees, great white sharks and southern-right whales. I asked John whether elephants will be seen on the coast of Addo again, as they did 400 years ago. Today, they re restricted from doing so by the N2 national highway. It s unlikely, John pondered, but, you know, in the United States of America I have seen bridges built over highways to allow wildlife to cross. Maybe someone, some day will have the money and courage to do that here. Imagine that! A herd of elephant crossing over a bridge above the traffic of the N2, making their way down to a beach at the southern end of Africa to dip their toes in the salty water and commune with whales. It remains just a dream, but for now the kings and queens of Addo seem more than happy. Travel planner overleaf The mountains of Zuurberg are one of the oldest wilderness areas in Africa; it s untouched and wild and the only way to explore is by hiking or on horseback
11 Year in the wild Addo Elephant National Park Getting there There are two main access points to Addo: the gate near the main rest camp and Matyholweni Gate in the south. The most accessible route from Port Elizabeth to the main gate is to drive east on the N2 before turning north onto the N10. Take the R342 west for 23 kilometres until you see the sign to Addo. To access Matyholweni Gate, take the N2 east from Port Elizabeth, then turn left at the sign to Addo just after crossing the Sundays River near Colchester. Gates and operating hours The main entrance is open from 07h00 to 19h00 and Matyholweni Gate opens between 07h00 and 17h00. There is a daily fee of R40 an adult and R20 a child. Wild Card holders enter free. What to do Guided game drives cost from R240 a person, a hopon guide in your own vehicle costs R180 a vehicle and horse trails are from R168 a person. The Bedrogfontein 4x4 Trail in the Kabouga Section costs R380 a vehicle. The two-day Alexandria Hiking Trail is R230 a person. Where to stay Addo Rest Camp is the largest camp and offers selfcatering campsites (R190 a Cottages at Addo Rest Camp site), safari tents (R485 for two people), forest cabins (R640 for two people), chalets (R745 for two people), cottages (R1 045 for two), rondavels (R1 045 for two people) and guest houses (R2 985 for four people). The much quieter and more remote Matyholweni Camp in the south offers 15 selfcatering chalets. From R960 for two people. For the more adventurous, the small, fenced Spekboom Tented Camp has five tents on decks with communal ablutions and cooking area. Costs R595 for two people. Narina Bush Camp in the Zuurberg Section along the Wit River on the southern slopes of the mountains, is basic with four two-man tents. Costs R990 for the camp. The stone, self-catering Kabouga Cottage can be accessed by 4x4 only and sleeps six people in two bedrooms. From R405 a night for the first two people. Mvubu Campsite with six stands is also in this section and you need a high groundclearance vehicle. From R100 a night for the first two people. Darlington Dam Cottage sleeps six people and costs R405 for first two people. For forest lovers, the rustic Langebos Hikers Huts (in the Woody Cape section in the far south) are superb; this is where the Alexandria Langebos Hikers Hut Tents at Gorah Elephant Camp Hiking Trail starts. The luxurious five-star Gorah Elephant Camp is one of a few private lodges in Addo, and is probably the best for game viewing as it s the only one within the main wildlife section. Unlike most of Addo which is covered in dense spekboom, Gorah is surrounded by open grasslands (a result of old farming practices) and so provides plenty of food for grazers such as zebra and red hartebeest, which in turn attract predators such as lion and hyena. Guests at the unfenced camp are often treated to sightings of lion and black rhino, which come in the evening to drink from a small natural pool at the edge of the Gorah Elephant Camp s Manor House manor house stoep. Eleven luxury safari tents with bathrooms are linked by wooden boardwalks to the restored manor house, where gourmet meals are served. From R3 995 a person a night, including all meals, teas, non-alcoholic beverages and activities. Tel , res@hunterhotels.com, Who to contact Tel , reservations@sanparks.org, For more places to stay in the Eastern Cape, turn to the Getaway Guide on page 155 or visit accommodation.getaway.co.za. Photojournalist Scott Ramsay recently completed Year in the Wild, a journey to 31 of South Africa s most special nature reserves, including all the national parks. Year in the Wild was sponsored by South African National Parks, CapeNature, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, Eastern Cape Parks, Ford, Goodyear, Frontrunner, Evosat, Conqueror Trailers, Vodacom, Digicape, Lacie, Garmin, National Luna, Safari Centre Cape Town, Escape Gear and EeziAwn. Follow Scott s continuing adventures at www. yearinthewild.com and You can also follow his journey on blog.getaway.co.za. 96 Getaway March 2013
12
HORIZON HORSEBACK. The Collection
HORIZON HORSEBACK The Collection Horses are our first love and passion H orses are the very heart of our business. For nearly 20 years, our philosophy has entailed managing our horses as a free roaming
More informationTrack & Trail River Camp. South Luangwa National Park, Zambia
Track & Trail River Camp South Luangwa National Park, Zambia Track & Trail River Camp Track & Trail River Camp is a privately owned lodge located on a breathtaking spot on the banks of the Luangwa River
More informationBaviaanskloof Tented Camp B A V I A A N S K L O O F M E G A R E S E R V E. Welcome to South Africa s largest wilderness area.
Baviaanskloof Tented Camp B A V I A A N S K L O O F M E G A R E S E R V E Welcome to South Africa s largest wilderness area. Baviaanskloof Tented Camp B A V I A A N S K L O O F M E G A R E S E R V E A
More informationSAFARI CHOBE NATIONAL PARK APRIL 2017
SAFARI CHOBE NATIONAL PARK APRIL 2017 THE SAFARI The first three nights will be spent at the tented camp in The Chobe national park. The campsite is private and used only by us for the duration of
More informationHORIZON HORSEBACK. The Collection
HORIZON HORSEBACK The Collection Horses are our first love and passion H orses are the very heart of our business. For nearly 20 years, our philosophy has entailed managing our horses as a free roaming
More informationSRUC Oatridge College Project Pack
SRUC Oatridge College Project Pack The Shamwari Group Conservation Experience is a once in a lifetime chance to get behind the scenes and involved with the conservation efforts of the world renowned Shamwari
More informationDay by Day Itinerary. Arrive Johannesburg, assistance with connecting flight to Hoedspruit Airport
South Africa Active Day by Day Itinerary Day One Arrive Johannesburg, assistance with connecting flight to Hoedspruit Airport Arrive Hoedspruit Airport and transfer to camp, approximately 30 minutes The
More information7 DAYS PORINI LAST MINUTE MIGRATION SPECIAL (ROAD + AIR SAFARI) TWO WEEKLY DEPARTURES - SATURDAYS & WEDNESDAYS
7 DAYS PORINI LAST MINUTE MIGRATION SPECIAL (ROAD + AIR SAFARI) TWO WEEKLY DEPARTURES - SATURDAYS & WEDNESDAYS 1 night at Nairobi Tented Camp + 03 nights at Porini Bush Camp, Ol Kinyei Conservancy Maasai
More informationAfrican Conservation Experience
African Conservation Experience Jo Hebbert joanna@conservationafrica.net Page 1 About us Since 1999 Opportunity to experience conservation work in southern Africa on game and nature reserves and rehabilitation
More informationLevels of the Savannah. Guide Book
Levels of the Savannah Guide Book K-12 Levels of the Savannah What: 60 90 min tour of the Savannah building discussing the niches of the African savannah When: can be done year-round Backpack contents:
More informationMegan Dunmeyer, 2016!
Megan Dunmeyer, 2016! Megan Dunmeyer, 2016! The Elephant!mammals!herbivores!calf!African!Indian!communicate!endangered!extinct Elephants are the biggest land animals! Elephants can be 9 11 feet tall and
More informationWildlife Report. For the month of February, Two Thousand and Fifteen. Samaki 33 mm Risiriba 152 mm
Singita Grumeti Sasakwa & Faru Faru Lodges Serengeti House & Sabora Tented Camp Explore Mobile Tented Camp Tanzania (Photo by Adas Anthony) Wildlife Report For the month of February, Two Thousand and Fifteen
More informationWild About Elephants Day
Wild About Elephants Day The Maryland Zoo is celebrating how wild we are about elephants on Saturday, August 19 th. We need your help, Interpreters! The interpretation team will participate in this awareness
More informationBaviaanskloof Tented Camp B A V I A A N S K L O O F M E G A R E S E R V E. Welcome to South Africa s largest wilderness area.
Baviaanskloof Tented Camp B A V I A A N S K L O O F M E G A R E S E R V E Welcome to South Africa s largest wilderness area. Baviaanskloof Tented Camp B A V I A A N S K L O O F M E G A R E S E R V E A
More informationPia Manzi Wildlife Reserve & Ranch
Pia Manzi Wildlife Reserve & Ranch Property Overview September 2013 1 A Spectacular Piece of Africa The property is an established private safari lodge with a spectacular location on the banks of the Luangwa
More informationLion hunting and vegetation structure
Lion hunting and vegetation structure Andrew Davies, Craig Tambling, Graham Kerley & Gregory Asner Carnegie Institution for Science & Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Predator-prey relationships
More informationCLIMATES IN SOUTH AFRICA
CLIMATES IN SOUTH AFRICA South Africa has various climates throughout the country. It is in the Southern Hemisphere and is surrounded by ocean except for at its Northern borders. South Africa s climates
More informationChapter 20: Page 250
Chapter 20: Page 250 Chapter 20: Page 251 All organisms cause changes in the environment where they live. Some of these changes are detrimental to the organism or other organisms, whereas others are beneficial.
More informationDOWNLOAD PDF SAVANNA FOOD CHAIN
Chapter 1 : Savanna Food Chain - Rickett Food Chain & Webs Site The food chain throughout the African savanna is shown on the left here. Plants and trees are the producers who photosynthesize, creating
More informationGreater Kruger National Park Discoverer Extended
Lawson s Birding, Wildlife & Custom Safaris Greater Kruger National Park Discoverer Extended An unforgettable wildlife encounter in South Africa s Greater Kruger National Park Introduction South Africa
More informationWater vole presentations notes
Water vole presentations notes Slide One Hello everyone, my name is and I work for the Norfolk Wildlife Trust. The Norfolk Wildlife Trust is a conservation charity. Our job is to care for and to protect
More informationZAMBIA HOME OF THE WALKING SAFARI A Walk On The Wild Side
ZAMBIA HOME OF THE WALKING SAFARI A Walk On The Wild Side Guided 8 Days / 7 Nights The South Luangwa National Park is one of the greatest wildlife sanctuaries in the world. The Luangwa River and lagoons
More informationObjective: Be the first player to move your game piece on the path through the African Jungle to the Great Pyramids.
1 Ages: 4 plus Players: 2-6 How wonderful it will be to take a journey through the jungles of Africa with your friends Bromley (parrot fish) and Cotica (parrot). You will learn the actual animals that
More informationKENYA BIG 5 & CONSERVATION 8 DAYS: KENYA BIG 5 & CONSERVATION NAIROBI, OL PEJETA CONSERVANCY, MARA NABOISHO CONSERVANCY
KENYA BIG 5 & CONSERVATION 8 DAYS: KENYA BIG 5 & CONSERVATION NAIROBI, OL PEJETA CONSERVANCY, MARA NABOISHO CONSERVANCY Combining 1 night Ole Sereni Hotel, 3 nights Ol Pejeta and 3 nights Encounter Mara
More informationWILDLIFE REPORT SINGITA LAMAI, TANZANIA For the month of October, Two Thousand and Sixteen
WILDLIFE REPORT SINGITA LAMAI, TANZANIA For the month of October, Two Thousand and Sixteen With the bulk of the migration having moved south across the Mara River to begin their trek on to the short grass
More informationVolunteering for conservation
T Education is Key to Conservation VOLUNTEER INFORMATION SHEET academy@thulathula.com Thank you for being interested in volunteering with us here at Thula Thula Private Game Reserve. The Thula Thula volunteer
More informationSouthern Tanzania Safari and beach itinerary
Southern Tanzania Safari and beach itinerary Days 1-3: Ruaha National Park (3 nights, Mdonya Old River Camp) You will be met on arrival in Dar es Salaam and transferred to the nearby domestic airport for
More informationEcological Carrying Capacity
1 Module # 13 Component # 3 Ecological Carrying Capacity Objectives To achieve an understanding of the purpose and method for assessing ecological capacity. Expected Outcomes To understand the aim of determining
More informationAnimal Habitats Kindergarten
Animal Habitats Kindergarten Field Trip Activity Guide Field Trip Activity Guide 2017/18 P a g e 1 NOTES FOR CHAPERONES Welcome to the Oregon Zoo! Thank you for helping to make this field trip a success.
More informationKENYA HOLIDAYS 5 NIGHTS 6 DAYS CLASSIC KENYA BEACH AND BUSH SAFARI
Classic Safaris Limited P.O Box 66229 00800 Nairobi, Kenya. Bogani Road, Karen Office Tel; +254 20 8891394, 8891855 Email: info@classicsafaris.co.ke Website: http://classicsafaris.co.ke KENYA HOLIDAYS
More informationNAIROBI EXCURSIONS GENERAL INFORMATION
NAIROBI EXCURSIONS Kenya s capital Nairobi is often just a transit point for tourists heading out to enjoy a safari or beach holiday. But as you would expect from East Africa s booming economic hub, there
More informationPonta d Ouro, Mozambique
Ponta d Ouro, Mozambique Who are we? Welcome to Devocean Diving, a professional and friendly scuba diving operation based in Ponta d Ouro, Southern Mozambique. Situated only 10km away from the Kosi Bay
More informationAFRICA SAFARI G
AFRICA 2018 - SAFARI G THE ROMANCE OF THE BETTY S BAY PENGUINS AND HERMANUS TOWN BY THE SEA Betty s Bay is a wonderful and easy place to observe the cutest African penguins. They are so close, un- afraid
More informationREADING AND LISTENING. A beach. By John Russell
READING AND LISTENING http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/magazine/beach A beach By John Russell life jacket water-sport cliff capsize (v.) paradise float (v.) sanctuary refuge anchor (v.) rock pool
More informationSANBONA PRIVATE GAME RESERVE A FANTASTIC UNIQUE EXPERIENCE
AFRICA 2018 - SAFARI H SANBONA PRIVATE GAME RESERVE A FANTASTIC UNIQUE EXPERIENCE It is hard to describe the incredible beauty of Sanbona Private Reserve Campsite, the wide-open vast reserve and the great
More informationThe history of the bison: A symbol of the American story
The history of the bison: A symbol of the American story By Oliver Milman, The Guardian, adapted by Newsela staff on 05.08.16 Word Count 811 A wild bison and her 8-day-old calf roam the Rocky Mountain
More informationWILDLIFE REPORT SINGITA GRUMETI, TANZANIA For the month of April, Two Thousand and Seventeen
Photo: Ed Ayo WILDLIFE REPORT SINGITA GRUMETI, TANZANIA For the month of April, Two Thousand and Seventeen Temperature Rainfall Recorded Sunrise & Sunset Average minimum: 17.9 C (64.2 F) Faru-Faru 114mm
More informationHUNGRY, HUNGRY HIPPOS Learn about the 3rd largest mammal in the world. He weighs over 5,000 pounds and only eats plants!
HUNGRY, HUNGRY HIPPOS Learn about the 3rd largest mammal in the world. He weighs over 5,000 pounds and only eats plants! Grade(s): 2-4 Objectives (grade dependent): Student(s) will be able to: use place
More informationGULFCOAST LUXURY HOMES AND LIVING COASTAL ROSIE O DONNELL S PRIVATE CASEY KEY BEACH RESIDENCE NESTING
lux GULFCOAST LUXURY HOMES AND LIVING 2014 COASTAL NESTING ROSIE O DONNELL S PRIVATE CASEY KEY BEACH RESIDENCE STORY AS TOLD TO JAY MCMANEMON BY MICHAEL AND TERRI KLAUBER. PHOTOGRAPHY BY MICHAEL KLAUBER.
More informationThe HBF Howzit. This Month. All the latest news from Galagos Wildlife Conservation. Page 2 The Team at Work. Page 3 Volunteer s Corner
The HBF Howzit All the latest news from Galagos Wildlife Conservation FEBRUARY 2012 ISSUE 8 This Month Page 2 The Team at Work Page 3 Volunteer s Corner Page 4 Monthly Feature Caught on Camera Page 5 Wildlife
More informationZimbabwe Hunting Areas
Zimbabwe Hunting Areas DANDE Dande Is without doubt amongst the best dangerous game hunting areas in Zimbabwe. Dande is the largest hunting concession in Zimbabwe @ 1.400.000 acres or 640.000 hectares.
More informationReduction in Biological Diversity Section 4.1 p Section 4.3 p
Reduction in Biological Diversity Section 4.1 p. 57-65 Section 4.3 p. 72-78 Review Ecological Diversity A variety of ecosystems (mountains, forests, deserts) and how they interact together. Community Diversity
More informationRight of public access a unique opportunity
1 Right of public access a unique opportunity Don t disturb don t destroy The right of public access is a fantastic opportunity for all of us to roam freely in nature. You make use of the right of public
More informationDeeper Zimbabwe. Safaris in Style: Zimbabwe. DAY BY DAY ITINERARY safaris in style with private guide. Photo credit: Elephant Camp
Deeper Zimbabwe DAY BY DAY ITINERARY safaris in style with private guide info@deeperafrica.com www.deeperafrica.com Safaris in Style: Zimbabwe This is a privately guided safari with the volume on high;
More informationBotswana: Of Legends and Giants Trip dates: 3 12 September 2020
Botswana: Of Legends and Giants Trip dates: 3 12 September 2020 Location: Savute region & Khwai Private Reserve Group size: 6; Cost GBP 7,295 per person A 9 NIGHT, 10 DAY PHOTOGRAPHIC ODYSSEY INTO TWO
More informationMABULA GUIDES NEWS FOR JULY 2016
MABULA GUIDES NEWS FOR JULY 2016 Compiled by: Isaiah Banda Head Guide Picture taken by Mr Jaishanker on Mabula Game Reserve As a guide, it s pretty important to get an idea as to what it is exactly that
More informationRATE CARD. Valid from 1 May April 2017 (Summer (1 Sept - 30 April) / Winter (1 May - 31 Aug))
Please note: We strive to maintain our rates as advertised, but we reserve the right to adjust prices without prior notice due to currency fluctuation, fuel prices and/or unforseen economic circumstances.
More informationCONTENTS. Introduction Glossary of Reading Terms Unit 1 Review Unit 2 Review Unit 3 Review Unit 4 Review...
CONTENTS Introduction... 4 UNIT 1 Animals in the News... 5 1 Bring Back the Grizzlies... 6 2 Eagles Back from the Brink... 12 3 Penguins at Risk... 18 4 The Great White Shark... 24 Unit 1 Review... 30
More informationLinks in the Chain. Unit 17 Homework 1
Meat Eaters Meat eaters like eagles, wolves, and sharks are at the top of the food chain. They eat other animals and are called carnivores. But carnivores have to watch out too. Some carnivores eat other
More informationBiodiversity Trail. Biodiversity trail. What is biodiversity? The term biodiversity refers to the great variety
Biodiversity trail What is biodiversity? The term biodiversity refers to the great variety Biodiversity Trail Biodiversity refers to the variety of all living organisms, from microscopic bacteria to giant
More informationPhoto Safari: Pilanesberg National Park, South Africa by Noella Ballenger All text & photos: 2013 Noella Ballenger. All rights reserved.
Photo Safari: Pilanesberg National Park, South Africa by Noella Ballenger All text & photos: 2013 Noella Ballenger. All rights reserved. Golden Landscape of Pilanesberg National Park In the first article
More informationSAFARI ADVENTURES KRUGER NATIONAL PARK
SAFARI ADVENTURES KRUGER NATIONAL PARK SOUTH AFRICA THE PARK Kruger National Park is home for the Big 5, but also many other creatures. Hundreds of Species of Mammals, Birds, Reptiles and Amphibians, abundantly
More informationRHINO CONSERVATION SAFARI KWANDWE GAME RESERVE - SOUTH AFRICA 3 NIGHTS/4 DAYS
RHINO CONSERVATION SAFARI KWANDWE GAME RESERVE - SOUTH AFRICA 3 NIGHTS/4 DAYS Kwandwe Private Game Reserve flanks both the north and south banks of the Great Fish River, which meanders for 30km (19 miles)
More informationHUNTING INFORMATION 2017
HUNTING INFORMATION 2017 Mountainview Game Ranch is situated in the beautiful Waterberg mountain range, a mere two hours drive from Pretoria and two and a half hours drive from Johannesburg. We do have
More informationKENYA S RARE SPECIES PHOTO SAFARI
KENYA S RARE SPECIES PHOTO SAFARI Join wildlife photographer Margot Raggett on a seven night photographic safari to beautiful Laikipia to photograph wild dogs and other rare northern species February 2
More informationGround price of $5, International air price by end of April. Gorilla and chimp permits must be bought ASAP see details below.
New Horizon Tours Presents THE HIGHLIGHTS OF UGANDA with Services by Abercrombie & Kent Destination Management UGANDA GORILLA TREKKING AND MORE March 8 March 17, 2018 Ground price of $5,649.00 International
More informationIntroduction... 4 Animals in the News Bring Back the Grizzlies Penguins at Risk The Great White Shark Unit Review...
Introduction... 4 Animals in the News... 5 Bring Back the Grizzlies... 6 2 Eagles Back from the Brink... 12 Penguins at Risk... 18 The Great White Shark... 24 Unit Review... 30 Sports Spectaculars... 31
More informationOutfitter Profile. 8 Big Game Australia
Outfitter Profile Tropical Hunting Safaris is operated by Pete Lorman from the NT. I had the privilege to head to the Top-End and see first hand at the Safaris conducted by Pete and his team. Little background
More informationTotal Black rhinos in Africa 2,410. Northern white rhino. Only 31 left.
1980 1984 1987 1991 1992 1993/4 1995 Angola 300 90? 50 50 10 0 Botswana 30 10
More informationKenya Unveiled. Safaris in Style. DAY BY DAY ITINERARY safaris in style with private guide. Photo credit: Encounter Mara
Kenya Unveiled DAY BY DAY ITINERARY safaris in style with private guide info@deeperafrica.com www.deeperafrica.com Safaris in Style The horizon stretches farther than you ve ever seen. Flying through the
More informationGovernors' Camp Game Report, Masai Mara, May 2012
Governors' Camp Game Report, Masai Mara, May 2012 Weather and Grasslands Generally it was wet and with frequent rainfall for the first half of May. The Latter half has brought clearer skies and cool mornings.
More informationLions - FUNtastic Facts
Contents Lions - FUNtastic Facts What s inside! All about lions What do lions look like? What s the mane for? How many kinds of lion? How big, tall, fast and far? Lion senses What s in a name! Population
More information3 DAY GUIDED KRUGER PARK SAFARI
3 DAY GUIDED KRUGER PARK SAFARI THE LION TRAIL OVERVIEW To Safari is to Journey. It s a voyage of discovery out in the African savanna. Its not a destination, it has no ending and it cannot be described
More informationVolunteer Programme. Nature and Coastal Wilderness Conservation. Eastern Cape, South Africa
Volunteer Programme Nature and Coastal Wilderness Conservation Eastern Cape, South Africa Overview The Sibuya Game Reserve Volunteer Programme offers the unique and exciting opportunity to get behind the
More informationTHE AZURA SELOUS EXPERIENCE OUR LOCATION. Remote authentic romantic private This is Africa as it should be
THE AZURA SELOUS EXPERIENCE The Selous is Africa s oldest and biggest Game Reserve, and one of its last great wilderness areas. This UNESCO World Heritage Site has long been renowned for having more wild
More informationThe Bush Telegraph. Volume 30: Apr - Jun Each species is a masterpiece, a creation assembled with extreme care and genius
The Bush Telegraph Volume 30: Apr - Jun 2017 Each species is a masterpiece, a creation assembled with extreme care and genius Edward O. Wilson Wintery greetings from Klaserie Camps! Ah! The beauty of the
More informationSelous Game Reserve. Experience the bush with a luxury (short) safari
Selous Game Reserve Experience the bush with a luxury (short) safari Selous Game Reserve A World Heritage Site and the largest expanse of game reserve in Africa, it covers 55,000 square kilometres of rolling
More informationSKILL: LEARN LION F MORGAN-CAIN & ASSOCIATES
Lion facts: Lions live in groups called prides. A lion litter has 1-4 cubs in it. The females hunt at dusk or night. The lion s great physical strength puts it at the top of the food chain. Lions rest
More informationFACTS JUST A FEW ABOUT NOTTEN S
In a cosy nook of the Southern Sabi Sands sits Notten s Bush Camp. The camp is made up of small bush chalets, all beautifully decorated with a fusion of classic African and colonial elements, with vintage-looking
More information10 TO 4 WITH GOWILD AFRICA
Day 1 12th Feb 2015 Arrive by road to Olepangi Farm, driving through the beautiful Kikuyu Highlands, arriving in time for a hearty lunch. This is a drive of approximately 4 hours. Spend the afternoon as
More informationHUNTING INFORMATION 2018
HUNTING INFORMATION 2018 Mountainview Game Ranch is situated in the beautiful Waterberg mountain range, a mere two hours drive from Pretoria and two and a half hours drive from Johannesburg. We do have
More informationI never knew of a morning in Africa when I woke that I was not happy Ernest Hemingway
PO Box 3824 Windhoek Namibia TEL : 264 62 581424 FAX : 264 62 581430 MOBILE : 264 81 155 5547 EMAIL: lauwater@iway.na I never knew of a morning in Africa when I woke that I was not happy Ernest Hemingway
More informationCOMMUNITY BASED WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AREAS. Creating and Marketing Your Somewhere By Munira Bashir
COMMUNITY BASED WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AREAS Creating and Marketing Your Somewhere By Munira Bashir Map of Africa/Kenya Facts of Kenya Area -580,367 km2 Capital -Nairobi Member EAC -Commonwealth, Commessa
More informationReservations: Lily Jackson Telephone:
Reservations: Lily Jackson Telephone: 081 068 5591 E-mail: lily@rukiyacamp.com Marketing: Email: Website: Corlia Oosthuizen reservations@african-retreats.co.za www.african-retreats.co.za INTRODUCTION Rukiya
More informationGrolier Online Kids Feature Showcase Animals of Africa Teacher s Guide
Grolier Online Kids Feature Showcase Animals of Africa Teacher s Guide Opening The continent of Africa is teeming with the kinds of animals that most people can only see in captivity. Lions, leopards,
More informationSeptember 1 We will be waiting for you when your flight arrives at Nairobi International Airport, and we will head to our hotel in Nairobi.
Africa 2016 African Safari - September 2016 Welcome to the adventure of a lifetime! A private ten day African Safari to witness the greatest spectacle on earth, the Great Migration in Kenya. This safari
More informationWildlife Journal For the month of July, Two Thousand and Fourteen
Singita Kruger National Park Lebombo & Sweni Lodges South Africa Temperature Wildlife Journal For the month of July, Two Thousand and Fourteen Rainfall Recorded Average minimum: 8.7 C (47.6 F) For the
More informationKOWAS CONCESSION AREA
KOWAS CONCESSION AREA Vast. Pristine. Teeming with game. Kowas Hunting Safaris hunts 400,000 acres of free-range territory in the Kowas Concession area a mecca for plains game species roaming freely in
More informationTEL: +27 (0) USA Toll Free: UK Toll Free:
Be part of daily game drives to research Africa s Big 5, providing critical information that will protect them from poaching, starvation and misinformed culling. Join us in tracking the movements and behaviors
More informationSaiga: Spirit of the Steppe. You can do things every day to be a hero for saiga! by San Diego Zoo Global. Created for the Saiga Conservation Alliance
Saiga: You can do things every day to be a hero for saiga! Spirit of the Steppe Created for the Saiga Conservation Alliance by San Diego Zoo Global What is a saiga antelope? Horns: Male saiga have horns
More informationWILD KENYA QUINTESSENTIALLY TRAVEL. Kenya QUINTESSENTIALLYTRAVEL.COM HONG KONG OFFICE NEW YORK OFFICE +1 (212)
WILD KENYA Kenya LONDON OFFICE +44 (0)20 7022 6560 NEW YORK OFFICE +1 (212) 370-8468 HONG KONG OFFICE +852 3752 2076 DUBAI OFFICE +971 4 437 6802 SINGAPORE OFFICE +65 6511 1190 INDIA OFFICE +91 9560020632
More informationRunning head: ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS: ENDANGERED MARINE ANIMALS IN AUSTRALIA
Running head: ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS: ENDANGERED MARINE ANIMALS IN 1 Environmental Awareness: Endangered Marine Animals in Australia Jeffrey Clayton George Mason University GCH 360-002 Health and Environment
More information9-1 What Role Do Humans Play in the Premature Extinction of Species?
9-1 What Role Do Humans Play in the Premature Extinction of Species? The Natural World is everywhere disappearing before our eyes cut to pieces, mowed down, plowed under, gobbled up, replaced by human
More informationNative Americans Are Essential to the History of the United States
Native Americans Are Essential to the History of the United States Welcome to the Making of a Nation American history in VOA Special English. I m Steve Ember. This week in our series, we look at the history
More informationFrequently Asked Questions Reintroduction of Bison to Banff National Park
Frequently Asked Questions Reintroduction of Bison to Banff National Park Background For thousands of years, vast herds of plains bison roamed the prairies and the eastern slopes of the Continental Divide,
More informationExperience the raw beauty and abundance ofafrica
A story of purpose Experience the raw beauty and abundance ofafrica We are Namibia, the land of contrasting landscapes, golden sunsets and hunting experiences found nowhere else on the African continent.
More informationTEAM TARONGA the 2018 CITY2SURF. Fundraising Pack
TEAM TARONGA the 2018 CITY2SURF Fundraising Pack FAST LION FACTS Team Taronga is For the Wild because a future without wildlife is not an option. We believe that we not only have a responsibility but an
More informationTANZANIA Southern Parks (06 days/05 nigts) Mikumi & Udzungwa Mountains (Sanje Falls) National Parks and Selous Game Reserve
TANZANIA Southern Parks (06 days/05 nigts) Mikumi & Udzungwa Mountains (Sanje Falls) National Parks and Selous Game Reserve Angalia Tented Camp wants to offer you a varied and different program to know
More informationKudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) Kudu Greater Kudu"
Kudu KUDU Kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) Kudu Greater Kudu" Tragelaphus strepsiceros (Pallas, 1766) Photo: Doug Lee Arikaans: German: French: Koedoe Kudu Koudou There are two species: the greater kudu
More informationSPIRIT OF THE MASAI MARA
SPIRIT OF THE MASAI MARA INTRODUCTION Spirit of the Masai Mara (SOTMM) is an exclusive 10 suite safari lodge situated on a private conservancy outside of the Maasai Mara. It is a family owned property
More information2018 Full Programme dates
2018 Full Programme dates 6 May to 24 May 3 June to 21 June 2 July to 20 July 29 July to 16 August There are only 8 spaces available in each group. We work on a first come first served basis, so book early
More informationMozambique Rough Hunts 2012
Mozambique Rough Hunts 2012 Our RoughHunts all take place on close to 1 million acres of community hunting land in the Chiridzi, Chifunde and Macanga districts of the Tete Province. These are the old hunting
More informationForaging: Life as a Hunter-Gatherer
Foraging: Life as a Hunter-Gatherer By Cynthia Stokes Brown, Big History Project, adapted by Newsela staff on 07.30.16 Word Count 1,077 Level 960L Two Bushmen hunters rest. Photo by: Anthony Bannister/Gallo
More informationCONGRATULATIONS! Your team has been chosen to compete in THE. the majesty of the animal kingdom. you ll win the ultimate prize a million dollars
CONGRATULATIONS! Your team has been chosen to compete in THE WILD LIFE, a race around the world to experience the majesty of the animal kingdom. Be the first team to answer all the clues and you ll win
More informationChapter 14. Wildlife, Fisheries and Endangered Species. What are we Saving? Traditional Single-Species Wildlife Management
Chapter 14 Wildlife, Fisheries and Endangered Species What are we Saving? 1. Wild Creature in a wild habitat 2. Wild creature in a managed habitat 3. A population in a zoo 4. Genetic material The choice
More informationHistory of deer in Richmond Park
2 150 cm History of deer in Richmond Park The word Deer originally dates back to the Middle English word der and the Old English word deor, meaning a wild animal. Hunting deer for sport dates back hundreds
More informationTANZANIA Southern Parks (03 days/02 nigts) Mikumi & Udzungwa Mountains (Sanje Falls) National Parks
TANZANIA Southern Parks (03 days/02 nigts) Mikumi & Udzungwa Mountains (Sanje Falls) National Parks Angalia Tented Camp wants to offer you a varied and weekend getaway to know Tanzania, alternative to
More informationASKARI WILDERNESS CONSERVATION PROGRAMME
ASKARI WILDERNESS CONSERVATION PROGRAMME The Askarian - April 2016 The month in view http://www.askariwcp.com Coming up.. New cheetah cubs Reserve projects Sightings & conservation Sable darting Volunteers
More informationFACTSHEET CONTACT DETAILS
FACTSHEET CONTACT DETAILS Reservations: Nadine Ebrahim & Zeena Ponto Telephone: +27 (0) 21 4218433 E-mail: reservations@sundestinations.co.za Website: www.africaonfoot.com Camp Managers: Christina Blunden
More informationHIGHLIGHTS: ACCOMMODATION: TOUR INCLUDES: +44 (0)
+44 (0)20 8741 7390 Long associated with some of East Africa s more luxurious safari experiences, Kenya can still offer up the more rustic back to basics style of trip that purists hanker for. This wild
More information