Developmental Resources, May be reproduced by attendees of When Lockdown Fails Webinar 1

Transcription

1 Developmental Resources Presents Presented by: Vaughn Baker President Strategos International Please Ask Questions via Chat! Mission Simplified! Sometimes People Like Me Need People Like You! Why This Course? Active Shooter = Homicide in Progress! Lockdown Fails Webinar 1

2 What can school & law enforcement learn from the past? Attackers have & continue to learn from the past. Evolution of active shooters Evolution of Law Enforcement Response Reactive Approach First Known Active Shooter - Enoch Brown School Massacre July 26, Franklin County, PA 11 Students & teacher Enoch Brown shot & killed & then scalped in schoolhouse by 4 Indians as part of Pontiac s Rebellion. Indians returned to their village & were rebuked as cowards. Lockdown Fails Webinar 2

3 Evolution to Rapid Deployment Approach by L.E. 1 st Responder School Active Shooter that Drastically Changed L.E. Approach Columbine High School - April 20, Littleton, Colorado 15 Killed, 23 wounded 2 killers began PLANNING one year prior in their home Acquired several firearms and built numerous homemade explosives Exited vehicles and began to shoot students outside of cafeteria Columbine High School - April 20, Littleton, Colorado (continued) Entered cafeteria and planted explosives and continued shooting at targets of opportunity Exchanged rounds with school deputy at beginning of incident Perimeter formed by LE first responders and waited for SWAT Suspects went to library and killed numerous students that were hiding under desks Evolution to Rapid Deployment Approach by L.E. Columbine 1st Responders High School - April 20, Littleton, Colorado (continued) First shot to last shot fired was a total of 49 minutes High level of PRE-PLANNING & COMMITMENT by suspects Surveillance video shows that suspects were under no duress & their body language was indicative of this Resulted in massive evolution to rapid deployment approach for L.E. 1st responders Lockdown Fails Webinar 3

4 Shooter Plans for Rapid Deployment in Advance Virginia Tech University April 16, Blacksburg, Virginia 33 killed, 27 wounded Virginia Tech University - April 16, (continued) 7:15 am police respond to dormitory in Re: to shooting 1 male, 1 female found dead on 4 th Floor Virginia Tech University - April 16, (continued) Initial assessment was murder/suicide (domestic) Victims: Emily Hilscher & Ryan Clark who was resident asst. Lockdown Fails Webinar 4

5 Virginia Tech University - April 16, (continued) 7:17 a.m. 9:26 a.m. Witnesses report an argument between female victim & an unseen male; report shots ( sounded like a lovers quarrel ) Crime scene investigation commences After photos taken male victim is rolled over & no weapon is found At that point VA Tech Police knew they still had a shooter loose and notify campus 9:26 am of info. Virginia Tech University - April 16, 2007 (continued) VA Tech Campus Police find pictures on female victim s computer scrolling through screen saver of her boyfriend at a firearms range Warrants are applied for the boyfriend and a BOLO isreleased VA Tech Campus Police SWAT Team and Blacksburg PD SWAT teams are activated to serve anticipated high risk warrants Boyfriend is located in his truck on a different campus SWAT Teams are kept activated to serve warrants on boyfriend s residence to search for firearms / possible murder weapon Virginia Tech University - April 16, (continued) 9:46 am First 911 call comes in re: multiple shots fired in Norris Hall 9:48 am 2 SWAT Teams and additional patrol officers begin arriving at Norris Hall 9:48 am 9:54 am Officers on scene realize that all 3 doors are chained. At direction of a SWAT Team leader, officer uses a 870 pump 12 ga. & 00 Buck to breach door Lockdown Fails Webinar 5

6 Virginia Tech University - April 16, (continued) Red rectangle represents rooms where students were shot in Norris Hall Red circle shows chained entry point from interior Virginia Tech University - April 16, (continued) One of the classrooms where multiple students were shot & killed Virginia Tech University - April 16, (continued) 9:48 a.m. 9:54 a.m.: SWAT Teams and patrol officers have gained entry. Immediately after firing the shotgun round to breach the door, they hear the final shot as Cho kills himself. Lockdown Fails Webinar 6

7 Virginia Tech University - April 16, (continued) Entire incident from first 911 call at 9:46 a.m. until officers heard last shot of Cho killing himself at approximately 9:54 a.m., only 7 minutes In 7 minutes Cho shot 55 people in Norris Hall. 30 dead and 25 wounded Approx. 8 people per minute, or one person every 7 seconds Virginia Tech University Facts & Lessons Learned Significant pre-planning by suspect Several behavioral indicators over long period of time prior to incident and attacker never received treatment Suspect barricaded doors to both prevent victims from leaving and prevent law enforcement from making entry In-direct resolution by law enforcement forcing entry via shotgun breach accelerated attacker in committing suicide. Suspect still had over 300 rounds in pistol magazines on person at time of suicide. Entire Norris Hall incident from start to finish took 9 minutes. Education, Preparation & Implementation of Emergency Action Planning by School Personnel is critical PRIOR to law enforcement response Law enforcement preparation should include increased hardware (breaching equipment) & software (training) to deal with evolving PRE-PLANNING History & Demographics of School Shooter Shootings Forces Way into Locked School w/ Access Sandy ControlHook Elementary School Dec. 14, 2012: WORST shooting at elementary school 27 killed, 2 wounded Between 8:00-9:00 am the shooter uses a.22 rifle and murders his mother shooting her 3 times in the head and takes her guns to commit the massacre. Shortly after 9:30 am the shooter parked his car in the no parking zone just outside the view of the school s locked lobby doors The shooter created a large hole by shooting the window next to the lobby doors with (8) 5.56 rounds Lockdown Fails Webinar 7

8 History & Demographics of School Shooter Shootings Forces Way into Locked School w/ Access Control Sandy Hook Elementary School Dec. 14, 2012 WORST shooting at Elementary Principal Dawn Hochsprung, School Psychologist Mary Sherlach, a parent and several teachers were in a meeting in rm. #9 and heard loud banging Dawn, Mary and an unnamed teacher entered the hallway to investigate. Dawn turned to the remaining staff and yelled, STAY PUT! The unnamed teacher saw both Mary and Dawn fall to the ground. She was struck once in the leg and another time as she lay on the ground. A teacher standing outside her classroom down the hall was also struck in the foot. Both survived. The unnamed teacher drug herself back into rm. #9, closed the door, called 911 and inadvertently activated the intercom system for the school. Shooter Forces Way into Locked School w/ Access Control Sandy Hook Elementary School Dec. 14, 2012 In rm. #12, Kaitlin Roig hears the shots and barricades her 15 students into a bathroom, locks the door and slides a shelf in front of it. The shooter bypasses her class. The shooter entered 1 st grade rm. #8 with substitute teacher Lauren Rousseau, TA Rachel D Avino and 16 students. The teachers and 15 of the students were shot multiple times. (80) 5.56 rounds expended in this class. An average of 4.7 rounds per casualty. Shooter Forces Way into Locked School w/ Access Control Sandy Hook Elementary School Dec. 14, 2012 The shooter entered 1 st grade rm. #10 with Victoria Soto, Anne Murphy and 16 students. Rachel was found shielding 5 of the deceased students. Victoria was found with her keys near her person. 9 students somehow escaped and a police officer found 2 kids in class restroom. (50) 5.56 rounds expended in this class. An average of 7.14 rounds per casualty. The shooter feels law enforcement pressure and kills himself with a single shot to the head with a 10mm handgun. Lockdown Fails Webinar 8

9 Shooter Forces Way into Locked School w/ Access Control Sandy Hook Elementary School Dec. 14, 2012 It was about 39 seconds from start of the shooting to first 911 call. The first Officers were on scene 4 min and 8 sec after initial 911 call. Shooter commits suicide 1 min and 3 sec after Officers arrive. Total incident from first shot to suicide of the shooter was less than 5 min. A total of (154) 5.56 expended rounds found at the school. 1.9 rounds a second. Sandy Hook Elementary School Dec. 14, 2012 Shooter was 20 year old male, 6 tall and was 112 lbs. He attended Sandy Hook from 1 st to 5 th grade Diagnosed with Pervasive Development Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Asperger s Syndrome. He didn t like to be touched, disliked all holidays and refused to take medication to help with his mental issues. Both the mother and father stated he was bullied and had few friends when growing up, father says it the bullying WAS NOT excessive. Sandy Hook Elementary School Dec. 14, 2012 His relationship with mother was strained and would not allow her to go into his room even to clean. It was said he had no emotional connection with her. The shooter owned (12) first person shooter games and was said to play these games extensively, sometimes in excess of 10 hours a day. Several books and newspaper clippings on past Active Shooter incidents were found inside is room along with an extensive spreadsheet of mass murders over the years. He showed interest in mass murders and serial killers. Lockdown Fails Webinar 9

10 History & Demographics of School Shooter Shootings Forces Way into Locked School w/ Access Control Sandy Hook Elementary School Dec. 14, Killed, 2 Wounded Illustrates that the next evolution to continuing to prevent or mitigate will require a community response Community response includes education of parents, teachers, administrators, law enforcement and medical personnel. Education should include RECOGNITION of behavioral patterns, social interactions and other possible risk indicators as well as training on proper RESPONSE of on-scene persons when the event occurs. RESPONSE training should include lockdown & lockdown failure protocols and scenario training. Lockdown Principles for Schools Overview & Functions of a School Lockdown Purpose: To PREVENT attacker from obtaining access either to the interior of school or classroom where students/staff may reside Functions of a Lockdown Removing students & teachers from the threat; Isolating the dangerous situation from much of the school; Allowing for an accurate accounting of students within rooms; & Depending on the situation, facilitating an organized evacuation away from the dangerous area. Lockdown Principles for Schools 2 Types of Lockdowns Threat OUTSIDE the school building - Examples would be fugitive in geographic area on run from law enforcement, violent crime with criminal at large in geographic area of school, etc. Threat INSIDE the school building - Examples would be unauthorized access by intruder with unknown intentions, active shooter with known intentions Notification of one of the above types of lockdowns should be clear and quickly understood by students & staff Lockdown Fails Webinar 10

11 Lockdown Principles for Schools Threat OUTSIDE Lockdown Procedures 1. Building admin., designate or ANYONE who has been trained makes announcement such as threat outside lockdown, perimeter lockdown, etc. 2. Designated personnel or those closest LOCK exterior doors 3. Clear hallways, restrooms, & other rooms that cannot be secured 4. Secure & cover classroom windows a. Move all persons away from windows 5. Take attendance & account for all persons within classroom a. Teachers should prepare a list of missing and extra students in the room b. Teachers should take this list with them once they are directed to leave the classroom. 6. Control all movement, but continue classes. Disable bells. Move on announcement only. 7. Once threat has subsided, the building administrator announces ALL CLEAR CODE over the PA system. Lockdown Principles for Schools Threat OUTSIDE Lockdown Procedures (continued) Considerations Special attention should be paid to classes that are outside of the school building, such as playgrounds and ball fields. Teachers must be able to hear the lockdown announcement. Make sure your exterior PA systems are installed and working properly. An alternate lockdown location must be identified. This location can be indoors or outdoors. (IF students can be safely hidden) Lockdown Principles for Schools Threat INSIDE Intruder Lockdown Procedures 1. Building administrator, designate or ANYONE who has been trained orders and announces Threat Inside Lockdown, LOCKDOWN, etc. over PA system. 2. Immediately direct students, staff, and visitors to the nearest classroom or secured space. 3. Classes that are outside of the building SHOULD NOT enter the building. 4. Move outside classes to the primary evacuation site. 5. Lock classroom doors, cover viewing areas. 6. DO NOT lock exterior doors. 7. Move people away from the windows and doors. 8. Keep all students sitting on the floor, and turn off the lights. 9. Take attendance of students in each classroom. 10. Teachers should prepare list of missing & extra students in room. 11. Teachers should take list w/ them once they are directed to leave Lockdown Fails Webinar 11

12 Lockdown Principles for Schools Threat INSIDE Intruder Lockdown Procedures (continued) 13. DO NOT respond to anyone at the door until all clear is announced. 14. Keep out of sight 15. Be prepared to ignore any fire alarm activation, as the school 16.SHOULD NOT not be evacuated using this method. 17. When or if students are moved out of the classroom, assist the in 18.moving as quietly & quickly as possible. 19.When the threat is over/the intruder has left the building, building admin. announces ALL CLEAR CODE over PA system. ***NOTE - Please note that some threats, such as a confirmed fire, intruder within a classroom, may override lockdown procedures. Also, lockdowns may be initiated in non-threatening circumstances to keep people away from areas where there Lockdown Principles for Schools If & When Lockdown Procedures Fail Any effective plan or strategy should include contingency planning for failure. CORRECTLY & IMMEDIATELY implementing a lockdown should be the first response. Recognize that implementing a lockdown is meant to PREVENT the intruder from having access to classrooms, students & staff. Everything discussed up to this point includes: Threat Recognition Threat Assessment Access Control Lockdown Implementation Law Enforcement Response The above DOES NOT include what to do IF the shooter or intruder makes it into the classroom. Hiding under desks once the shooter is in the classroom you are in has proven unsuccessful. Lockdown Principles for Schools If & When Lockdown Procedures Fail (continued) Consideration, discussion, education & applicable implementation should also include a 3 OUT approach: Lock OUT - Lock the shooter (or potential shooter) out of the building or out of the classroom. Lockdown Get OUT - If the shooter is in your area attempt ESCAPE. If classrooms are on 1st or 2nd floor escape through exterior window could be an option. Take OUT - If the shooter is in your area and you cannot run FIGHT! Simply taking a position under a desk in the fetal position will do NOTHING to prevent you from being a victim. Lockdown Fails Webinar 12

13 What "3 OUT" Decision Making IS NOT! REMEMBER! IMMEDIATE or an INDIRECT THREAT + LOCATION = PROPER RESPONSE! If threat is an indirect threat and not seen LOCK OUT; or GET OUT to LOCK OUT is usually best option. CORRECT "3 OUT" Decision Making Model Indirect contact or other stimulus AND In an area that can be locked out quickly LOCK, LAYER and REINFORCE lock out Direct Contact in area that cannot be "locked out" immediately In area that cannot be secured Moving towards immediate area that can be "locked out" quickly OR out and away from building where immediate exit is possible Immediate threat in area where GET OUT success is not possible or probable LOCK OUT has failed or is failing! Improvised objects utilized as weapons, directing others (teenagers or older) in directed group response Lockdown Fails Webinar 13

14 Why Fight Back? Good Guys Finish Last? NO!.... UNPREPARED Good Guys Finish LAST! Survival vs. Prevailing Fighting Back If you are going to get BEAT... Get BEAT doing SOMETHING not BEAT doing NOTHING! Lockdown Principles for Schools If & When Lockdown Procedures Fail (continued) The Take OUT approach should be considered a last resort option and it is unrealistic to assume that people will not be seriously hurt or killed as a result. It is FAR MORE unrealistic to think that hiding under desks will save any lives at all however. YES!, fighting is an option; but it should be your LAST option SO prepare mentally for this option and obtain training for teachers, administrators & staff appropriately. It IS NOT recommended that training be implemented for students on this option as it could lead to inappropriate or VERY untimely implementation of that LAST RESORT option by a student. DEFINITION of the ACTIVE SHOOTER Mass murder who kills at close quarters, in multiples, at random, in a single pre-planned event. Not motivated by revenge alone because many times the act is random in nature and not damage to persons for damage done to him Does not seek retribution on specific wrong or people who have done him wrong Instead SEEKS: 1. Destruction of ANY and ALL 2. Notoriety 3. Infamy through slaughter 4. A moment in time vs. lifetime of moments Lockdown Fails Webinar 14

15 The PSYCHOLOGY of the ACTIVE SHOOTER A lot of research attempting to IDENTIFY the patterns of the ACTIVE KILLER Not a lot of research on the WHY they do what they do 1. Such a planned scale of violence 2. Apparent randomness of violence 3. The active killer s propensity of commit suicide as the escape strategy A lot of research attempting to identify the patters of the ACTIVE KILLER The PSYCHOLOGY of the ACTIVE SHOOTER Active Shooter s WORLDVIEW 2 CATEGORIES 1. VICTIM 2. VICTIMIZER Seeks to move from a VICTIM to the VICTIMIZER Cultural forces lead the Active Killer to believe that mass murder is a path to celebrity wanting to be remembered as a VICTIMIZER not a VICTIM Those acting like VICTIMS will be perceived and treated as such by the VICTIMIZER. RESPONSE Implications for FIRST RESPONDER Active Killer DOES NOT negotiate.he VICTIMIZES Active Killer DOES NOT lie in wait to battle law enforcement. NO LEO have been killed responding to Active Killer incidents and very few have been injured. Even when UNARMED citizens resist and FIGHT BACK the Active Killer retreats and crumbles. Active Killer incidents have primarily been aborted by a single courageous actor % UNARMED citizens 2. 25% armed citizens 3. Remainder have been Law Enforcement Lockdown Fails Webinar 15

16 RESPONSE Implications for FIRST RESPONDER So WHY FIGHT BACK?!! Active Killer perceives his life as a VICTIM in a world of VICTIMIZERS and desires metamorphosis. Swift, aggressive action y first responders exploit this lifetime of conditioned VICTIM-like response In his brief role as VICTIMIZER he will attack mercilessly those acting like VICTIMS but those who adopt a posture and action of an aggressor they become the act of who is has always perceived as the VICTIMIZER Lockdown Fails Webinar 16

17 RESPONSE TECHNOLOGY Low Tech - Barracuda OPEN OUT Doors Lockdown Fails Webinar 17

18 RESPONSE TECHNOLOGY Low Tech - Barracuda OPEN IN Doors RESPONSE TECHNOLOGY Low Tech - Barracuda Door Closers Introductions Vaughn Baker Lockdown Fails Webinar 18

19 Developmental Resources Presents Presented by: Vaughn Baker President Strategos International Please Ask Questions via Chat! UPCOMING CONFERENCES Check for more information. Lockdown Fails Webinar 19