Wind turbine noise at neighbor dwellings, comparing calculations and measurements
|
|
- Tyler Preston
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Wind turbine noise at neighbor dwellings, comparing calculations and measurements Rune EGEDAL 1 ; Morten Bording HANSEN 2 ; Lars Sommer SØNDERGAARD 3 1, 2, 3 DELTA a part of FORCE Technology, Aarhus Denmark ABSTRACT Danish noise regulation for wind farms (currently BEK 1736) is based on calculated noise levels at residents from sound power level measurements at a wind speed of 6 and 8 m/s (10 m height). Doubt has been raised on whether the above-mentioned method gives the same results as actual measurements where residents live. The Danish Environmental Protection Agency (Danish EPA) has therefore initiated several projects with noise measurements at residents. DELTA has conducted one of the measurement campaigns where synchronized measurements were carried out both close to the turbines (IEC distance), at an intermediate position and at the residents both indoor and outdoor. The project consists of two types of measurements, the first being highly surveyed short-term measurements of 2-3 hours and the second being long term continuous measurements. The two different approaches ensure that different ranges of wind direction and wind speed were included in the measurements and hence describe the noise around the turbines and not necessarily only in downwind direction. The short-term measurements ensure that part of the measurements is conducted in a close to controlled environment. The results of the measurements are compared with the calculated values. The calculations are carried out using the prescribed method in BEK 1736 and a more advanced model, in this project the Nord2000 model. The goal of the comparison is to clarify the following: I) Are there systematic differences between calculation and measurements both indoors and outdoors? II) What is the uncertainty using measurements contra calculation? III) Does other wind speeds than 6 and 8 m/s and other wind directions, cause the wind turbines to emit more pronounced tones or low frequent noise? Keywords: Wind turbines and wind farms, Measurements, Sound propagation, Nord2000 model I-INCE Classification of Subjects Numbers: 23, INTRODUCTION This paper compares noise measurements made at neighbor dwellings near a wind farm with calculations made for the same neighbor dwellings. Two different calculation methods are used, the first being the method described in the Danish noise regulation for wind farms BEK1736 (1), and the second being the more advanced Nord2000 model (2). In this paper, several parameters are investigated beside the comparison of measurements and calculations. For the long-term measurements, the noise emitted by the wind turbine is investigated for differences in regard to wind direction and wind speed. For the short-term measurements, indoor low frequency levels at the neighbor dwellings are compared to calculations conducted with the Nord2000 model. The project was initiated by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency, EPA, because there has been criticism of the current guidelines for measuring and calculating wind turbine noise. Complaints from neighbors have also been raised because they have measured higher indoor values than calculated according to BEK rue@force.dk 2 mbh@force.dk 3 lss@force.dk 2477
2 2. THE WIND TURBINE SITE 2.1 General The site used in this project was chosen by the Danish EPA who had the initial contact with the wind farm owners and the neighbors. Afterwards DELTA has visited the wind farm and the neighbors, where they have pointed out relevant measurement points indoor and provided their perception of the noise from the wind turbines. Furthermore, DELTA inspected the surroundings of the wind farm and neighbors to plan the measurement campaign. 2.2 Wind Turbines The wind farm consists of three wind turbines of the type Vestas V MW with a hub height of 84 meters and a rotor diameter of 112 meters. The Vestas V112 turbine is one of the most common platforms used in Denmark in relation to larger wind turbines. The turbines are situated in flat cultivated agricultural land. 20 older wind turbines (4 clusters) are identified around the wind farm in distances between approximately 1400 meters and 4500 meters. The noise contribution from the older wind farms have been calculated and evaluated as negligible compared to the noise from the wind farm in question. 2.3 Measurement setup The Danish EPA has as mentioned chosen the site and has chosen and made arrangements with three neighbor dwellings for measurements. The three dwellings are placed in three different directions from the wind farm. In Figure 1 an overview of the wind farm and surroundings is shown. Figure 1 Overview of the wind farm and placement of microphones, wind mast and neighbors. The three neighbors are marked with a circle and a line is drawn from the neighbor and towards the windfarm. The three wind turbines are marked with T1 (WT1), T2 (WT2) and T3 (WT3) and are situated close to the center point of the neighbor dwellings. Approximately along the line between the wind turbine and the corresponding neighbor 3 microphones are placed, they are marked with an x in Figure 1. The two microphones closest to the wind turbine are placed on a board according to the IEC ed. 3 standard (3). The microphones at the neighbors are placed on a tripod at a height of 1.5 meters (1). All outdoor microphones are equipped with both a primary and a secondary wind screen to suppress wind induced noise. The distance to the first two microphones measured from the corresponding wind turbine is 140 meters for the first microphone (P1) and approximately 300 meters for the second microphone (P2). The distance between neighbor microphones (P3) and the wind turbines are as follows: T1 neighbor east, 627 meters; T2 neighbor north, 841 meters; T3 neighbor southwest, 620 meters. The 9 microphone measurements were synchronized in time and have been set up for the entire measurement period. Measurements indoor has also been conducted during periods where the neighbors were not at home. The indoor measurements were only measured for shorter periods. As 2478
3 many appliances as possible, have been shut down for the measurement period. Indoor measurements have only been conducted for two neighbors respectively north and southwest. Besides measuring the noise at the 9 outdoor microphone positions the wind speed and direction is recorded simultaneously. Two wind masts were placed at two neighbors and one wind mast was placed near wind turbine T3, the height of the wind masts were 10 meters. In order to calculate the true wind speed, data from the wind turbines was logged e.g. produced power, yaw angle, nacelle wind speed etcetera. 2.4 Weather conditions The measurements were conducted from late evening the 3 rd, to afternoon the 6 th of January In Table 1 the weather data for the measurement days can be seen in a brief overview. Table 1 Weather conditions during the measurements Day Temperature Humidity Cloud cover Air pressure 3 rd Jan 3 to 7 o 70 to 80% 4/8 to 8/8 990 to 1000 hpa 4 th Jan -3 to 5 o 50 to 85% 0/8 to 7/8 990 to 1020 hpa 5 th Jan -10 to -3 o 57 to 92% 0/8 to 6/ to 1040 hpa 6 th Jan -12 to -5 o 80 to 90% 0/8 to 8/ to 1040 hpa During the measurements, there was a brief period with rain in the morning the 4 th of January. Wind speed and direction was measured during the entire period at the wind turbines. For some of the time measurements were conducted at two of the neighbor dwellings. In Figure 2 the wind speed and direction for the entire period is shown. Figure 2 Wind speed and direction. The upper plot is deducted from turbine T2 and the lower is measured at the neighbor to the north. The wind speed at 10 meter height is deducted from the measured power from the wind turbine where appropriate (1). The periods where the power produced exceeded 95% of rated power, a kappa factor based on the measurements where the rated power was below 95% of rated power was calculated. The kappa factor was used to correct the wind speed measured by the wind turbine nacelle anemometer. There is an overall good correlation between the measurements from the wind turbine and the measurements from the wind mast at the neighbor to the north. The wind speed range for the entire period covers wind speeds from 2 m/s to 14 m/s and directions going from west (270 o ) over north(360 o ) to south(180 o ). The fluctuating direction seen at the neighbor measurement is due to the low wind speed which affects the wind vane. 2479
4 3. MEASUREMENTS 3.1 General measurements Measured L A90 noise values for the three measurement positions (P1, P2 and P3) at each wind turbine for the 5 th of January are shown on Figure 3. The positions P1 and P2 are +6dB measurements, (3) compared with P3. The noise levels at P1 and P2 in Figure 3 are not corrected for the +6dB reflection. L A90 represents the continuous background noise in the area, filtering out spurious noise sources such as cars passing. The black line is a binary line indicating whether the turbine is on/off (15/0) and whether valid turbine data is available (missing data). Disruptions in L A90 lines indicate invalid noise data due to overload or maintenance of the measurement system. Overload is mainly caused by wind induced noise in the microphone. Figure 3 Time slice day 3, 5 th of January, wind speeds in the range 2-6 m/s In general, it is clear from Figure 3 that in periods with the wind turbines turned off, the noise at P1 and P2, nearest to the wind turbine, decreases to approximately the same level as the noise at P3, farthest from the wind turbine. It is also visible that the noise level at P3 decreases when turbines are turned off, indicating that the wind turbine noise should be audible at neighbor positions. At WT1 P3 and WT3 P3, the total noise level at times, are above the noise level at P1 and P2. WT1 P3 and WT3 P3 are both locations surrounded by medium to high vegetation, whereas WT2 P3 has low vegetation, but are exposed to spurious noises such as cars passing and wind induced noise. This shows that, even with the statistical filtering of L A90, background noise at neighbor positions makes it difficult to measure wind turbine noise at these positions. To be able to measure the noise from the wind turbine, a significant signal-to-noise ratio is necessary (The Danish regulation specifies a minimum of 6 db between total noise and background noise). In Figure 4, two scatter plots for WT1 P1 & WT1 P3 are shown. The colors on the scatter plot indicates the wind direction, with red being downwind direction towards the receiver-point, and green being upwind away from the receiver-point. 2480
5 Figure 4 L A90 for different wind speeds and directions At P1 the general tendency for a pitch-regulated wind turbine (4) is seen in the scatter plot. The wind turbine starts at 3 m/s, and the noise increases up until 8 m/s, at which it reaches a steady plateau. The background noise at 4 9 m/s is significantly lower, db, than the total noise, indicating that it indeed is wind turbine noise which is measured. At higher wind speeds, e.g.12 m/s, there is an indication that the background noise reaches a level within 3 db of the total noise, at which the summation of the wind turbine noise and background noise shows an increase in total noise level. At P3 the background noise is approximately at the same level as the total noise, indicating that the wind turbine noise is less or equal to the background noise. The noise increases linearly as expected for vegetation noise at increasing wind speeds (5). As mentioned a precondition, for determining the wind turbine noise level alone, is to have a significant signal to noise ratio. From Figure 4 it is seen that the total noise levels measured and the background noise levels are very similar. Hence it is difficult to validate whether the noise measured originates from the wind turbines. Furthermore, it introduces an uncertainty to the measurement because of the unpredictable nature of the background noise, which means it is difficult to conduct reproducible results for shorter measurement periods. 3.2 Direction and wind speed In Figure 5, a polar scatterplot for WT2 P3 is shown to visualize the effect of wind direction on wind turbine noise. The colormap has increased color-resolution at 4-8 m/s, because of the large change in wind turbine noise at these wind speeds. Downwind direction towards the receiver-point is at 180 degrees. The wind speed is visualized with the different colors, i.e. red is low wind m/s. 2481
6 Figure 5 Left, polar scatterplot of L A90 10min averages, right, Polar scatterplot L pa,lf 10min averages WT2 The polar plot to the left in Figure 5 gives an indication that for similar wind speeds, around 6-7 m/s, measurements within degrees shows a slightly higher noise level between ~32-38 db(a) than measurements at degrees with corresponding wind speeds at which noise levels are at ~27-33 db(a). The Polar plot to the right is structured in the same way as the left, but shows the outlier unfiltered low frequency ( Hz) noise level. Because the data is unfiltered, spurious noise sources, such as cars passing, are included in the 10 minute average. The tendency as seen in the left figure repeats for the right figure, but is less clear due to outliers caused by spurious noise sources. It is seen that low frequency noise at lower wind speeds around 5-6 m/s in the downwind direction is at the same noise level, ~30-40 db(a) as the noise level at wind speeds above 7 m/s but in the upwind direction degrees. Hence for this scenario, it seems there is a higher low frequency noise level in downwind conditions. 3.3 Tonality Objective tone analysis for each 1 minute period has been performed for all recordings with the method prescribed in BEK1736, similar to the ISO 1996 Annex C method (6). Tone frequencies above 2 khz were found to be unimportant at neighbor distances due to air absorption, and only tone frequencies below 2 khz will be shown here. Pattern recognition on tone frequency / generator speed correlation was used to identify tones which most likely origin from the wind turbines. However, when listening to samples this works for higher frequencies, whereas the method, due to the fact that the lowest critical band is positioned with center frequency at 60 Hz, doesn t work well below 100 Hz. Since it is not possible to listen to all samples conclusions should not be made for frequencies below 100 Hz, since tonality in this area just as well can be planes, tractors and lorries. The tonal audibility, adjusted to the Danish limit resulting in a tone penalty, is shown in Figure 6 as a function of wind speed and tone center frequency for each wind direction. In Figure 6 the colored dots show tonal audibility at neighbor East, adjusted to the Danish limit, for each 1 minute recording as a function of; 1: wind speed calculated at 10 m height, 2: tone center frequency 3: wind direction (wind turbine yaw angle). For each wind direction, a histogram in grey is showing the number of 1 minute periods for each wind speed. Downwind ± 45 for the neighbor in question is at a wind direction of 279 to 9 degrees. A color bar for the tonal audibility in all of the four plots is shown in the bottom right corner, adjusted so a red colored dot shows a 1-minute period which should give a 5 db tone penalty according to the Danish regulation. Looking at downwind (± 45 ) the numbers of 1 minute recordings for the wind speeds 5-9 m/s are very similar, and the tonality seen at the different wind speeds should be comparable. The highest tonality seems to occur at 5-6 m/s, and nearly no tonality is observed for higher wind speeds. For the other wind directions, there is not sufficient data above 6 m/s to conclude whether tonality is lower at high wind speeds. Regarding wind speeds lower than 6 m/s there is almost only data at 5 m/s for downwind. Comparing 5- and 6 m/s it seems that the tonality is similar, maybe a bit lower for 5 m/s 2482
7 than 6 m/s. Looking at 9-99 degrees (crosswind) and degrees (upwind) it seems that the tonal audibility is lower for upwind than for downwind for the wind speeds of 3-5 m/s. Comparing downwind and side-wind (9-99 degrees) at 5 m/s it seems that the level of tonality is higher in side-wind than in downwind, although it should be noticed that there are approximately 50 % more data at the side-wind direction than at the downwind direction. Tone center frequency [Hz] Tone center frequency [Hz] degrees (downwind) degrees (crosswind SW) Wind speed [m/s] 9-99 degrees (crosswind NE) degrees (upwind) Wind speed [m/s] WS histogram [1 min periods] WS histogram [1 min periods] Figure 6 Tonality at neighbor east at different wind directions and conditions. The analysis of the measurements indicates that there might be relevant and audible tones outside of the region where BEK1736 prescribes to analyze for tones (wind speeds of 6 and 8 m/s and downwind). Further sample listening and analysis is needed, and the recordings for the other neighbors will also be investigated in terms of tonality. 4. MEASUREMENTS AND CALCULATIONS COMPARED 4.1 BEK1736 Noise propagation calculations according to the Danish regulation BEK1736 assumes downwind for all wind directions. The following Figures 7-9 compares the measurements and BEK1736 calculations, includes total noise samples for wind directions within 45 degrees (± 22.5). The Danish regulation BEK1736 calculations are based on measured sound power levels for the wind turbines, during the compliance measurements carried out in January According to BEK1736, the uncertainties on these calculations are ±2 db. Figure 7 L A90 for measurements, 10min average, and calculations. 2483
8 In Figure 7 it is seen, that for measurements at high wind speeds 7-11 m/s, there is a low correlation between the measurements and the calculations, where for lower wind speeds there is a better correlation. As described earlier, WT1 P3 is a position with medium to high vegetation, which increases the background noise with increasing wind speeds. This seems a probable reason, for the low correlation between calculations and measurements at high wind speeds. Figure 8 L A90 for measurements, 10min average, and calculations. For WT2 P3 there is only downwind data for 4-6 m/s available as shown in Figure 8. For these three wind speeds there is a better correlation between calculations and measurements compared with the high wind comparisons of WT1 P3. The large confidence interval at 4 m/s, is due to the small number of samples, 4, for this wind bin. Figure 9 L A90 for measurements, 10min average, and calculations. In Figure 9, the measured mean values for low wind speeds 3-5 m/s, shows a good correlation between calculations and measurements for WT3 P3. It is also seen that the mean measured noise is lower than the predicted. 2484
9 Figure 10 Scatterplot showing L A90 for measurements, 1 minute sorted data, and calculations. In Figure 10, the data for WT1 P3 is analyzed in greater depth in order to make a fair comparison of the measurements and the calculated data. As mentioned for Figure 7 there is much vegetation at WT1 P3 and hence a higher background noise level contributing to the total noise level. In Figure 10 it is seen that the measured total noise and the calculated levels does not correlate very well, however taking the high background noise level into account the measured and calculated values are comparable for 7-9 m/s. When listening to the recordings for wind speeds around 6 m/s it is clear that the higher total noise level is due to wind induced noise. 4.2 Nord2000 comparison The more advanced Nord2000 model takes several conditions into account compared to the Danish regulation BEK1736. The main difference is that the Nord2000 model includes the shape of the terrain and several meteorological parameters. The uncertainty is estimated to be ±2 db. In this study, 18 different scenarios which occurred during the measurement period between the 3 rd and the 6 th of January, are calculated and compared with the measured noise levels during a time interval with the parameters set for the calculation. In Table 2 the 18 different scenarios are listed together with the corresponding input data for the Nord2000 model. Table 2 Meteorological parameters for Nord2000 calculations Scenario Cloud cover [1/8] Wind speed 10m [m/s] Wind dir. [deg.] Temperature [deg.] Humidity [%] Scenario Cloud cover [1/8] Wind speed 10m [m/s] Wind dir. [deg.] Temperature [deg.] Humidity [%]
10 All the scenarios are calculated with all three wind turbines operating. The calculations were conducted for all 9 microphone positions. In Figure 10, 11 and 12 the comparison of the measurements (red) and the calculated noise level by using Nord2000 (blue) is shown for possible combinations. All measured results are shown as 10 minute L A90 levels in order to exclude spurious noise. Figure 10 Comparison at position P1 for turbine WT1 For the positions near the turbines, P1 and P2, it is seen that there is an overall good correlation between the measured values and the calculated values. For scenario 2 the measurements deviates, which might be wind induced noise caused by the fairly high wind speed despite the windscreen. For scenario 16 a similar deviation is seen. This deviation might be due to negative temperatures causing a change in the ground absorption; hence the higher measured noise level. Figure 11 Comparison at position P2 for turbine WT1 2486
11 Figure 12 Comparison at position P3 for turbine WT1 In Figure 12 the measured and calculated values for position P3 is shown. The deviations seen for the high wind scenarios (1 and 2) are very clear for P3 compared to P2. The deviation is caused by vegetation noise during high wind speeds. For the rest of the measurements a general god correlation is seen. Indoor measurements were conducted on the 4 th of January at the neighbor to the north (7). These measurements were highly surveyed, and afterwards analyzed in 10 second intervals. The measurements have been subjectively sorted on a 1/3-octave level in order to remove outliers which do not inherit from the wind turbines. The noise indoor was measured in 3 positions, in a living room facing the wind turbines. One microphone placed 0.5 meters from a corner (P3 P2 ), and two positions pointed out by the neighbor. One in front of a window section facing the wind turbines (P3 P3 ) and one above the sofa (P3 P4 ). The calculations and measurements are conducted for low frequency as well as for normal frequencies. In Figure 12 the low frequency result is shown. The measured result is compared with the calculated noise level from Nord2000, corrected for the sound insulation of the dwelling. The sound insulation values are taken from the Danish BEK1736 (1). Figure 12 Comparison at position P2 for turbine WT1 Figure 12 shows two low frequency noise levels, the outdoor level measured at position P3 (P3 P1 ) and the low frequency noise level measured indoor at the 3 mentioned positions. For the outdoor 2487
12 position it is seen that the measured total noise level in general is higher than the calculated Nord2000 levels. It is also seen that the background noise is close to the total noise which affect the measured noise. The calculated level is only the contribution from the wind turbines and is hence lower than the measured level. For the indoor measurements a clear level difference is seen for the total noise and the background noise. In the figure the calculated noise levels are comparable to the noise levels from the corner position (P3 P2 ), which is the worst case measurement. Comparing calculated and measured indoor noise levels shows a good correlation. 5. FINAL REMARKS This project shows that for specific scenarios, there is a good correlation between calculations of wind turbine noise either following BEK1736 or using the Nord2000 model and noise measurements at neighbor dwellings. For scenarios where the calculated results deviate from the measurements, explanation has been sought and is found to be due to high background noise at high wind speeds where vegetation noise primarily becomes dominant. For high wind speeds, there seems to be a better correlation between calculations and measurements of indoor noise levels, in this case indoor low frequency noise levels. No systematic differences between calculations and measurements are observed. Using measurements at the neighbors compared to calculations are difficult because of the low signal to noise ratio at large distance from the wind turbines, which introduces a large uncertainty to whether the noise measured is from the wind turbine or the surroundings. Regarding the noise emitted from the wind turbines in other directions than downwind it is seen that the noise level downwind is higher than the noise level during upwind conditions. For tonality it seems that tonal audibility might be higher in other wind speeds than downwind. The tonal audibility at lower wind speeds seems also to be more prominent than at higher wind speeds. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Project is financed by the Danish EPA, and is a part of several projects currently in Denmark. The authors would like to acknowledge; Carsten Thomsen for his great support in analysis of data, Erik Thysell for contributing to the Nord2000 calculations, Claus Backalarz for his critical eye reading the paper. REFERENCES 1. The Danish EPA, 2015, BEK 1736 Bekendtgørelse om støj fra vindmøller. (Statutory Order on Noise from Wind Turbines; Statutory Order no ) 2. Plovsing B, Proposal for Nordtest Method: Nord Prediction of Outdoor Sound Propagation, AV 1106/07, IEC :2012 Ed. 3, Wind turbines - Part 11: Acoustic noise measurement techniques. 4. Søndergaard LS, Nielsen SM, Pedersen TH. Støj fra vindmøller ved andre vindhastigheder end 6 og 8 m/s, TC , DELTA (Noise from Wind turbines at other wind speeds than 6 and 8 m/s) 5. Søndergaard LS, Egedal R, Hansen, MB. Variation of wind induced non-turbine related noise due to position, shelter, wind direction and season, Proc 7th Wind Turbine Noise 2017, 2-5 May 2017; Rotterdam, Netherlands ISO :2007, Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - Part 2: Determination of environmental noise levels - Annex C 7. Orientering fra Miljøstyrelsen, Nr , Lavfrekvent støj, infralyd og vibrationer I eksternt miljø. (Orientation from the Danish Environmental Protection Agency, no , Low frequent noise, infrasound and vibrations in external environment) 2488
6th International Meeting
6th International Meeting on Wind Turbine Noise Glasgow 20-13 April 2015 Noise from wind turbines and health effects - Investigation of wind turbine noise spectra Lars Sommer Søndergaard DELTA Acoustics,
More information7 th International Conference on Wind Turbine Noise Rotterdam 2 nd to 5 th May 2017
7 th International Conference on Wind Turbine Noise Rotterdam 2 nd to 5 th May 2017 Sound power level measurements 3.0 ir. L.M. Eilders, Peutz bv: l.eilders@peutz.nl ing. E.H.A. de Beer, Peutz bv: e.debeer@peutz.nl
More informationInfluence of non-standard atmospheric conditions on turbine noise levels near wind farms
Influence of non-standard atmospheric conditions on turbine noise levels near wind farms Jonathan COOPER 1 ; Tom EVANS 1 ; Vahid ALAMSHAH 1 1 Resonate Acoustics, Australia ABSTRACT This paper investigates
More informationOldman 2 Wind Farm Limited
Decision 22676-D01-2017 Spring 2017 Post-Construction Sound Survey at Receptors B, J and K August 1, 2017 Alberta Utilities Commission Decision 22676-D01-2017 Proceeding 22676 Application 22676-A001 August
More informationNoise from wind turbines under non-standard conditions
Noise from wind turbines under non-standard conditions Lars S. Søndergaard a) DELTA Acoustics Agro Food Park 13, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark Noise prediction for wind turbines and wind farms are often based
More informationInfluence of wind direction on noise emission and propagation from wind turbines
Influence of wind direction on noise emission and propagation from wind turbines Tom Evans and Jonathan Cooper Resonate Acoustics, 97 Carrington Street, Adelaide, South Australia 5000 ABSTRACT Noise predictions
More informationUncertainties in Environmental Noise Assessments ISO 1996, Effects of Instrument Class and Residual Sound
Uncertainties in Environmental Noise Assessments ISO 1996, Effects of Instrument Class and Residual Sound Douglas Manvell, Erik Aflalo Brüel & Kjær Sound & Vibration A/S, Skodsborgvej 307, DK-2850 Nærum,
More informationMICROPHONE WIND SPEED LIMITS DURING WIND FARM NOISE MEASUREMENTS
MICROPHONE WIND SPEED LIMITS DURING WIND FARM NOISE MEASUREMENTS Abstract Jon Cooper 1 and Tom Evans 2 1 Resonate Acoustics, Level 1/23 Peel St, Adelaide SA 5000, Australia Email: jon.cooper@resonateacoustics.com
More informationNoise Level Compliance Report
Noise Level Compliance Report for the Lake Winds Energy Park Spring 2017 Noise Level Measurements Mason County, Michigan September 2017 Prepared for: Mason County, Michigan Scottville, Michigan Prepared
More informationWake effects at Horns Rev and their influence on energy production. Kraftværksvej 53 Frederiksborgvej 399. Ph.: Ph.
Wake effects at Horns Rev and their influence on energy production Martin Méchali (1)(*), Rebecca Barthelmie (2), Sten Frandsen (2), Leo Jensen (1), Pierre-Elouan Réthoré (2) (1) Elsam Engineering (EE)
More informationE. Agu, M. Kasperski Ruhr-University Bochum Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Sciences
EACWE 5 Florence, Italy 19 th 23 rd July 29 Flying Sphere image Museo Ideale L. Da Vinci Chasing gust fronts - wind measurements at the airport Munich, Germany E. Agu, M. Kasperski Ruhr-University Bochum
More informationPROJECT CYCLOPS: THE WAY FORWARD IN POWER CURVE MEASUREMENTS?
Title Authors: Organisation PROJECT CYCLOPS: THE WAY FORWARD IN POWER CURVE MEASUREMENTS? Simon Feeney(1), Alan Derrick(1), Alastair Oram(1), Iain Campbell(1), Gail Hutton(1), Greg Powles(1), Chris Slinger(2),
More informationControl Strategies for operation of pitch regulated turbines above cut-out wind speeds
Control Strategies for operation of pitch regulated turbines above cut-out wind speeds Helen Markou 1 Denmark and Torben J. Larsen, Risø-DTU, P.O.box 49, DK-4000 Roskilde, Abstract The importance of continuing
More informationNordFoU: External Influences on Spray Patterns (EPAS) Report 16: Wind exposure on the test road at Bygholm
NordFoU: External Influences on Spray Patterns (EPAS) Report 16: Wind exposure on the test road at Bygholm Jan S. Strøm, Aarhus University, Dept. of Engineering, Engineering Center Bygholm, Horsens Torben
More informationYawing and performance of an offshore wind farm
Yawing and performance of an offshore wind farm Troels Friis Pedersen, Julia Gottschall, Risø DTU Jesper Runge Kristoffersen, Jan-Åke Dahlberg, Vattenfall Contact: trpe@risoe.dtu.dk, +4 2133 42 Abstract
More informationWind Turbine Generator System Pika T701 Acoustic Test Report
Wind Turbine Generator System Pika T701 Acoustic Test Report Conducted by High Plains Small Wind Test Center Colby, KS November 10, 2015 Approval By: Ruth Douglas Miller, Lead Engineer, Date Review By:
More informationStatus: Rev: Comments Date: Author: Reviewer:
MT EMERALD WIND FARM REVISED A-WEIGHTED NOISE ASSESSMENT Rp 002 R01 2015545ML 30 January 2017 6 Gipps Street Collingwood VIC 3066 Australia T: +613 9416 1855 ABN: 53 470 077 191 www.marshallday.com Project:
More informationDick Bowdler Acoustic Consultant
Dick Bowdler Acoustic Consultant 01383 882 644 077 8535 2534 dick@dickbowdler.co.uk WIND SHEAR AND ITS EFFECT ON NOISE ASSESSMENT OF WIND TURBINES June 2009 The Haven, Low Causeway, Culross, Fife. KY12
More information3D Turbulence at the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee J.W. Wagenaar P.J. Eecen
3D Turbulence at the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee J.W. Wagenaar P.J. Eecen OWEZ_R_121_3Dturbulence_20101008 ECN-E--10-075 OCTOBER 2010 Abstract NoordzeeWind carries out an extensive measurement and
More informationWIND DIRECTION ERROR IN THE LILLGRUND OFFSHORE WIND FARM
WIND DIRECTION ERROR IN THE LILLGRUND OFFSHORE WIND FARM * Xi Yu*, David Infield*, Eoghan Maguireᵜ Wind Energy Systems Centre for Doctoral Training, University of Strathclyde, R3.36, Royal College Building,
More informationRadiation characteristics of noise generated from a wind turbine
Acoust. Sci. & Tech. 36, 5 (15) PAPER #15 The Acoustical Society of Japan Radiation characteristics of noise generated from a wind turbine Yasuaki Okada 1;, Koichi Yoshihisa 1;y, Kazuki Higashi 2;z and
More informationinter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering August 2000, Nice, FRANCE
Copyright SFA - InterNoise 2000 1 inter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering 27-30 August 2000, Nice, FRANCE I-INCE Classification: 4.5 THE PROPAGATION
More informationFINO1 Mast Correction
FINO1 Mast Correction A. Westerhellweg, T. Neunn; DEWI GmbH, Wilhelmshaven V. Riedel; DEWI North America Inc. A. Westerhellweg English Abstract Lateral speed-up effects, upwind flow retardation and downwind
More informationA review of Australian wind farm noise assessment procedures
Proceedings of ACOUSTICS 2016 9-11 November 2016, Brisbane, Australia A review of Australian wind farm noise assessment procedures Tom Evans 1 and Jon Cooper 2 1 Resonate Acoustics, Level 4, 10 Yarra Street,
More information3D Nacelle Mounted Lidar in Complex Terrain
ENERGY 3D Nacelle Mounted Lidar in Complex Terrain PCWG Hamburg, Germany Paul Lawson 25.03.2015 1 DNV GL 125.03.2015 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER Agenda Introduction and Project Background Lidar Specifications
More informationYawing and performance of an offshore wind farm
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 18, 217 Yawing and performance of an offshore wind farm Friis Pedersen, Troels; Gottschall, Julia; Kristoffersen, Jesper Runge; Dahlberg, Jan-Åke Published in: Proceedings
More informationRow / Distance from centerline, m. Fan side Distance behind spreader, m 0.5. Reference point. Center line
1 Standardisation of test method for salt spreader: Air flow experiments Report 7: Effect of crosswind on salt distribution by Jan S. Strøm, Consultant Aarhus University, Engineering Centre Bygholm, Test
More informationTurbine dynamics and power curve performance
Turbine dynamics and power curve performance 26. Windenergietage Warnemünde, 8th November 2017 antonio.notaristefano@nispera.com Content The following topics are investigated: Turbine dynamics during changes
More informationTorrild - WindSIM Case study
Torrild - WindSIM Case study Note: This study differs from the other case studies in format, while here another model; WindSIM is tested as alternative to the WAsP model. Therefore this case should be
More informationPower curves - use of spinner anemometry. Troels Friis Pedersen DTU Wind Energy Professor
Power curves - use of spinner anemometry Troels Friis Pedersen DTU Wind Energy Professor Spinner anemometry using the airflow over the spinner to measure wind speed, yaw misalignment and flow inclination
More informationWind Turbine Noise Measurements How are Results influenced by different Methods of deriving Wind Speeds? Sylvia Broneske
INTERNOISE 2014 16 19 November in Melbourne, Australia Wind Turbine Noise Measurements How are Results influenced by different Methods of deriving Wind Speeds? Sylvia Broneske Hayes McKenzie Partnership
More informationTHE HORNS REV WIND FARM AND THE OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE WITH THE WIND FARM MAIN CONTROLLER
Copenhagen Offshore Wind 25, 26-28 October 25 1 THE HORNS REV WIND FARM AND THE OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE WITH THE WIND FARM MAIN CONTROLLER Jesper Runge Kristoffersen M.Sc.EE Elsam Engineering A/S, Kraftværksvej
More informationWind tunnel acoustic testing of wind generated noise on building facade elements
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307638896 Wind tunnel acoustic testing of wind generated noise on building facade elements
More informationMeasurement of rotor centre flow direction and turbulence in wind farm environment
Home Search Collections Journals About Contact us My IOPscience Measurement of rotor centre flow direction and turbulence in wind farm environment This content has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please
More informationStrategic Advice about Floating LiDAR Campaigns. Borssele offshore wind farm
Strategic Advice about Floating LiDAR Campaigns Borssele offshore wind farm Strategic Advice about Floating LiDAR Campaigns Borssele offshore wind farm Project number: ESMWT16419 Prepared: Dhruv Dhirendra
More informationESB TONAL NOISE ASSESSMENT. 30 May West Offaly Power Station. Report Author: Stephen Kearney
Allegro Acoustics Limited, Unit 2A Riverside, Tallaght Business Park, Tallaght, Dublin 24 Tel/Fax: +353 (0) 1 4140485 ESB West Offaly Power Station TONAL NOISE ASSESSMENT 30 May 2016 Report Author: Stephen
More informationWind Farm Power Performance Test, in the scope of the IEC
Wind Farm Power Performance Test, in the scope of the IEC 61400-12.3 Helder Carvalho 1 (helder.carvalho@megajoule.pt) Miguel Gaião 2 (miguel.gaiao@edp.pt) Ricardo Guedes 1 (ricardo.guedes@megajoule.pt)
More informationThe effect of close proximity, low height barriers on railway noise
The effect of close proximity, low height barriers on railway noise Edwin Nieuwenhuizen M+P consulting engineers, Vught, the Netherlands Nils Yntema ProRail, Utrecht, the Netherlands Summary In order to
More informationAmplitude Modulation of Wind Turbine Noise. A Review of the Evidence
Amplitude Modulation of Wind Turbine Noise. A Review of the Evidence Dick Bowdler New Acoustics, 34 Old Mill Road Duntocher, Clydebank, G81 6BX, UK dick@newacoustics.co.uk 1. Introduction Many of the complaints
More informationDETERMINATION OF SOUND POWER LEVEL OF A TRANSFORMER
DETERMINATION OF SOUND POWER LEVEL OF A TRANSFORMER Prepared for: McLean s Mountain Wind GP Inc. 30 St. Clair Avenue West, 12 th Floor Toronto, ON M4V 3A1 November 20, 2014 1 INTRODUCTION HGC Engineering
More informationCurrents measurements in the coast of Montevideo, Uruguay
Currents measurements in the coast of Montevideo, Uruguay M. Fossati, D. Bellón, E. Lorenzo & I. Piedra-Cueva Fluid Mechanics and Environmental Engineering Institute (IMFIA), School of Engineering, Research
More informationLIDAR Correlation to Extreme Flapwise Moment : Gust Impact Prediction Time and Feedforward Control
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 20, 2017 LIDAR Correlation to Extreme Flapwise Moment : Gust Impact Prediction Time and Feedforward Control Meseguer Urban, Albert; Hansen, Morten Hartvig Publication
More informationAnalyses of the mechanisms of amplitude modulation of aero-acoustic wind turbine sound
Analyses of the mechanisms of amplitude modulation of aero-acoustic wind turbine sound Andreas Fischer Helge Aagaard Madsen Knud Abildgaard Kragh Franck Bertagnolio DTU Wind Energy Technical University
More informationWake measurements from the Horns Rev wind farm
Wake measurements from the Horns Rev wind farm Leo E. Jensen, Elsam Engineering A/S Kraftvaerksvej 53, 7000 Fredericia Phone: +45 7923 3161, fax: +45 7556 4477 Email: leje@elsam.com Christian Mørch, Elsam
More informationCitation Journal of Thermal Science, 18(4),
NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Ac Title Author(s) Noise characteristics of centrifuga diffuser (Noise reduction by means leading tip) Murakami, Tengen; Ishida, Masahiro; Citation Journal of Thermal Science,
More informationPedestrian traffic flow operations on a platform: observations and comparison with simulation tool SimPed
Pedestrian traffic flow operations on a platform: observations and comparison with simulation tool SimPed W. Daamen & S. P. Hoogendoorn Department Transport & Planning, Delft University of Technology,
More informationA Study of the Normal Turbulence Model in IEC
WIND ENGINEERING VOLUME 36, NO. 6, 212 PP 759-766 759 A Study of the Normal Turbulence Model in 614-1 Takeshi Ishihara *,1, Atsushi Yamaguchi *,2 and Muhammad Waheed Sarwar *,3 *1 Professor, Department
More informationCriteria for wind farm noise: Lmax and Lden
Criteria for wind farm noise: Lmax and Lden F. Van Den Berg University of Groningen - Science & Society Group, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, Netherlands fvdberg@ggd.amsterdam.nl 4043 Wind turbine noise
More informationNew IEC and Site Conditions in Reality
New IEC 61400-1 and Site Conditions in Reality Udo Follrichs Windtest Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog GmbH Sommerdeich 14b, D-25709 Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog Tel.: +49-4856-901-0, Fax: +49-4856-901-49 Axel Andreä, Kimon
More informationLely Aircon LA30 Wind turbine
Lely Aircon LA30 Wind turbine Summary Details for Performance, Duration and Acoustic Measurements Lely Aircon 30 Wind Turbine UK MCS Certification Summary List of contents 1. List of included Amendments...
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. Energy Procedia 53 (2014 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 53 (2014 ) 156 161 EERA DeepWind 2014, 11th Deep Sea Offshore Wind R&D Conference Results and conclusions of a floating-lidar offshore
More informationIncreased Project Bankability : Thailand's First Ground-Based LiDAR Wind Measurement Campaign
Increased Project Bankability : Thailand's First Ground-Based LiDAR Wind Measurement Campaign Authors: Velmurugan. k, Durga Bhavani, Ram kumar. B, Karim Fahssis As wind turbines size continue to grow with
More informationEWEA Noise Wind Turbine Noise Workshop
EWEA Noise Wind Turbine Noise Workshop Pre- and Post Construction Noise Measurements Dr Andy McKenzie Hayes McKenzie Partnership Ltd Salisbury & Machynlleth UK Wind Turbine Noise Planning ETSU-R-97 X db
More informationAnalysis of Traditional Yaw Measurements
Analysis of Traditional Yaw Measurements Curiosity is the very basis of education and if you tell me that curiosity killed the cat, I say only the cat died nobly. Arnold Edinborough Limitations of Post-
More informationTest Summary Report Giraffe 2.0 Hybrid Wind-Solar Power Station - for wind: according to IEC Annex M - for solar: measurement report
Contact person Tanja Tränkle 2016-06-29 4P05805-R01 rev. 1 1 (7) Safety +46 10 516 57 19 Tanja.Trankle@sp.se Innoventum AB Morgan Widung / Marcus Ulmefors Turning Torso office 275 Lilla Varvsgatan 14 211
More informationWIND DATA REPORT. Bourne Water District
WIND DATA REPORT Bourne Water District July to September 2010 Prepared for Massachusetts Clean Energy Center 55 Summer Street, 9th Floor Boston, MA 02110 by Dylan Chase James F. Manwell Utama Abdulwahid
More informationIntertek Test Report No CRT-003 Project No. G
3933 US Route 11 Cortland, NY 13045 Telephone: (607) 753-6711 Facsimile: (607) 753-1045 www.intertek.com Intertek Project No. G100413407 Mr. Steve Turek Phone: 952-447-6064 Wind Turbine Industries, Corporation
More informationM. Mikkonen.
Wind study by using mobile sodar technology M. Mikkonen Oulu University of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering, Oulu, Finland t3mimi00@students.oamk.com Abstract In this paper is presented a concept
More informationExecutive Summary of Accuracy for WINDCUBE 200S
Executive Summary of Accuracy for WINDCUBE 200S The potential of offshore wind energy has gained significant interest due to consistent and strong winds, resulting in very high capacity factors compared
More informationShorter wind measurement campaigns Re-thinking with LiDAR
Shorter wind measurement campaigns Re-thinking with LiDAR 31/05/2013 Ecofys Lidewij van den Brink, Anthony Crockford, Hector Villanueva, Jean Grassin Introducing Ecofys > Consultancy, 30 year experience
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY GUIDANCE NOTE 4: WIND SHEAR
A GOOD PRACTICE GUIDE TO THE APPLICATION OF ETSU-R-97 FOR THE ASSESSMENT AND RATING OF WIND TURBINE NOISE SUPPLEMENTARY GUIDANCE NOTE 4: WIND SHEAR ISSUE 1 JULY 2014 Page 1 of 14 PREFACE This document
More informationValidation of Measurements from a ZephIR Lidar
Validation of Measurements from a ZephIR Lidar Peter Argyle, Simon Watson CREST, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom p.argyle@lboro.ac.uk INTRODUCTION Wind farm construction projects
More informationFig. 2 Superior operation of the proposed intelligent wind turbine generator. Fig.3 Experimental apparatus for the model wind rotors
Proceedings of International Symposium on EcoTopia Science 27, ISETS7 (27) Intelligent Wind Turbine Generator with Tandem Rotors (Acoustic Noise of Tandem Wind Rotors) Toshiaki Kanemoto1, Nobuhiko Mihara2
More informationTutorial for the. Total Vertical Uncertainty Analysis Tool in NaviModel3
Tutorial for the Total Vertical Uncertainty Analysis Tool in NaviModel3 May, 2011 1. Introduction The Total Vertical Uncertainty Analysis Tool in NaviModel3 has been designed to facilitate a determination
More informationMeteorological Measurements OWEZ
Meteorological Measurements OWEZ Half year report - 01-07-2008-31-12-2008 H. Korterink P.J. Eecen J.W. Wagenaar ECN-E--09-018 OWEZ_R_121_20080701-20081231_WIND_RESOURCE_2008_2 Abstract NoordzeeWind carries
More informationAmbient Sound Survey of the Blue Creek Wind Farm Project Area
MEMORANDUM Ambient Sound Survey of the Blue Creek Wind Farm Proect Area TO: FROM: Heartland Wind, LLC Blue Creek Wind Farm Proect Team Mark Bastasch, P.E./CH2M HILL DATE: April 30, 2010 Summary This memorandum
More informationEffect of airflow direction on human perception of draught
Effect of airflow direction on human perception of draught J. Toftum, G. Zhou, A. Melikov Laboratory of Indoor Environment and Energy Department of Energy Engineering Technical University of Denmark Abstract
More informationMeteorological Measurements OWEZ
Meteorological Measurements OWEZ Half year report 01-01-2008-30-06-2008 H. Korterink P.J. Eecen ECN-E--08-062 OWEZ_R_121_20080101-20080630_wind_resource_2008_1 Abstract NoordzeeWind carries out an extensive
More informationCOMPARISON OF CONTEMPORANEOUS WAVE MEASUREMENTS WITH A SAAB WAVERADAR REX AND A DATAWELL DIRECTIONAL WAVERIDER BUOY
COMPARISON OF CONTEMPORANEOUS WAVE MEASUREMENTS WITH A SAAB WAVERADAR REX AND A DATAWELL DIRECTIONAL WAVERIDER BUOY Scott Noreika, Mark Beardsley, Lulu Lodder, Sarah Brown and David Duncalf rpsmetocean.com
More informationExamples of Carter Corrected DBDB-V Applied to Acoustic Propagation Modeling
Naval Research Laboratory Stennis Space Center, MS 39529-5004 NRL/MR/7182--08-9100 Examples of Carter Corrected DBDB-V Applied to Acoustic Propagation Modeling J. Paquin Fabre Acoustic Simulation, Measurements,
More informationCOMPARISON OF ZEPHIR MEASUREMENTS AGAINST CUP ANEMOMETRY AND POWER CURVE ASSESSMENT
COMPARISON OF ZEPHIR MEASUREMENTS AGAINST CUP ANEMOMETRY AND POWER CURVE ASSESSMENT Author: Marion Cayla Issued: 8 February 2010 Natural Power, 10 place du Temple Neuf, 67000, Strasbourg, France, SIREN
More informationValidation of long-range scanning lidars deployed around the Høvsøre Test Station
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 18, 2017 Validation of long-range scanning lidars deployed around the Høvsøre Test Station Lea, Guillaume; Courtney, Michael Publication date: 2016 Link back to DTU
More informationLiDAR Application to resource assessment and turbine control
ENERGY LiDAR Application to resource assessment and turbine control Dr. Avishek Kumar The New Zealand Wind Energy Conference 13 th April 2016 1 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER Agenda What is LiDAR? Remote Sensing
More informationNaval Postgraduate School, Operational Oceanography and Meteorology. Since inputs from UDAS are continuously used in projects at the Naval
How Accurate are UDAS True Winds? Charles L Williams, LT USN September 5, 2006 Naval Postgraduate School, Operational Oceanography and Meteorology Abstract Since inputs from UDAS are continuously used
More informationTHE CORRELATION BETWEEN WIND TURBINE TURBULENCE AND PITCH FAILURE
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN WIND TURBINE TURBULENCE AND PITCH FAILURE Peter TAVNER, Yingning QIU, Athanasios KOROGIANNOS, Yanhui FENG Energy Group, School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Durham University,
More informationSpecial edition paper
Development of a Track Management Method for Shinkansen Speed Increases Shigeaki Ono** Takehiko Ukai* We have examined the indicators of appropriate track management that represent the ride comfort when
More information8 SHADOW FLICKER 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8.2 RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT
QS-000169-02-R460-003 Assessment Report of Phase 1 and Phase 2 8 SHADOW FLICKER 8.1 INTRODUCTION A shadow flicker assessment has been undertaken for the Phase 1 and Phase 2 only part of the development
More informationBoherkill gravel pit restoration project
NOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT Boherkill gravel pit restoration project FITZSIMONS WALSH ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITED Noise Impact Assessment Report prepared by Oliver Fitzsimons MSc. BSc. Noise Impact Assessment 2
More informationCharacterizing The Surf Zone With Ambient Noise Measurements
Characterizing The Surf Zone With Ambient Noise Measurements LONG-TERM GOAL Grant Deane Marine Physical Laboratory Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, CA 93093-0213 phone: (619) 534-0536 fax:
More information2MW baseline wind turbine: model development and verification (WP1) The University of Tokyo & Hitachi, Ltd.
2MW baseline wind turbine: model development and verification (WP1) The University of Tokyo & Hitachi, Ltd. Downwind turbine technology, IEA Wind Task 40 First Progress Meeting, Tokyo, Japan 11 Dec, 2017
More informationINSTRUCTION MANUAL. Microphone Type 4966 for Hand held Analyzer Types 2250, 2250 L and Supplement to Instruction Manual BE 1712
INSTRUCTION MANUAL Microphone Type 4966 for Hand held Analyzer Types 2250, 2250 L and 2270 Supplement to Instruction Manual BE 1712 BE 1897 11 English Microphone Type 4966 for Hand-held Analyzer Types
More informationStudy on wind turbine arrangement for offshore wind farms
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Jul 01, 2018 Study on wind turbine arrangement for offshore wind farms Shen, Wen Zhong; Mikkelsen, Robert Flemming Published in: ICOWEOE-2011 Publication date: 2011 Document
More informationWind Flow Model of Area Surrounding the Case Western Reserve University Wind Turbine
Wind Flow Model of Area Surrounding the Case Western Reserve University Wind Turbine Matheus C. Fernandes 1, David H. Matthiesen PhD *2 1 Case Western Reserve University Dept. of Mechanical Engineering,
More informationWind loads investigations of HAWT with wind tunnel tests and site measurements
loads investigations of HAWT with wind tunnel tests and site measurements Shigeto HIRAI, Senior Researcher, Nagasaki R&D Center, Technical Headquarters, MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDSUTRIES, LTD, Fukahori, Nagasaki,
More informationSaint Mary s, Alaska Wind Resource Report (for Pitka s Point and Saint Mary s met towers)
Saint Mary s, Alaska Wind Resource Report (for Pitka s Point and Saint Mary s met towers) Report written by: Douglas Vaught, P.E., V3 Energy, LLC Date of Report: February 9, 2009 Doug Vaught photo Summary
More information1.1 The Facilitator began the 7th meeting by reviewing the SLG Team s actions from the 6th SLG meeting on 1 st February 2013.
Hong Kong Offshore Wind Farm in South-eastern Waters Draft Minutes of the 7th Stakeholder Liaison Group (SLG) Meeting Held on 8 th November 2013 from 2:30 pm to 4:45 pm in Arup s Hong Kong Office Present:
More informationEvaluation of wind flow with a nacelle-mounted, continuous wave wind lidar
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Jun 30, 2018 Evaluation of wind flow with a nacelle-mounted, continuous wave wind lidar Medley, John; Barker, Will; Harris, Mike; Pitter, Mark; Slinger, Chris; Mikkelsen,
More informationThe Impact of Offshore Wind Turbines on Underwater Ambient Noise Levels. Stewart Glegg Center for Acoustics and Vibration Florida Atlantic University
The Impact of Offshore Wind Turbines on Underwater Ambient Noise Levels Stewart Glegg Center for Acoustics and Vibration Florida Atlantic University Why is Offshore WT Noise a Concern? 1. With the current
More informationFlow analysis with nacellemounted
Flow analysis with nacellemounted LiDAR E.T.G. Bot September 2016 ECN-E--16-041 Acknowledgement The work reported here is carried out in the TKI LAWINE project which is partially funded by the Dutch government
More informationEvaluation of wind loads by a passive yaw control at the extreme wind speed condition and its verification by measurements
Evaluation of wind loads by a passive yaw control at the extreme wind speed condition and its verification by measurements Dec/11/2017 Soichiro Kiyoki Takeshi Ishihara Mitsuru Saeki Ikuo Tobinaga (Hitachi,
More informationVINDKRAFTNET MEETING ON TURBULENCE
VINDKRAFTNET MEETING ON TURBULENCE On-going Work on Wake Turbulence in DONG Energy 28/05/2015 Cameron Brown Load Engineer Lucas Marion R&D graduate Who are we? Cameron Brown Load Engineer from Loads Aerodynamics
More informationWind farm performance
Wind farm performance Ali Marjan Wind Energy Submission date: June 2016 Supervisor: Lars Sætran, EPT Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Energy and Process Engineering Wind
More informationTOPICS TO BE COVERED
UNIT-3 WIND POWER TOPICS TO BE COVERED 3.1 Growth of wind power in India 3.2 Types of wind turbines Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) and horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) 3.3 Types of HAWTs drag and
More informationWind Flow Validation Summary
IBHS Research Center Validation of Wind Capabilities The Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety (IBHS) Research Center full-scale test facility provides opportunities to simulate natural wind conditions
More informationDIRECTION DEPENDENCY OF OFFSHORE TURBULENCE INTENSITY IN THE GERMAN BIGHT
10 th Wind Energy Conference DEWEK 2010 DIRECTION DEPENDENCY OF OFFSHORE TURBULENCE INTENSITY IN THE GERMAN BIGHT Annette Westerhellweg, Beatriz Canadillas, Thomas Neumann DEWI GmbH, Wilhelmshaven, Germany,
More informationWhy does T7 underperform? Individual turbine performance relative to preconstruction estimates.
Why does T7 underperform? Individual turbine performance relative to preconstruction estimates. P. Stuart, N. Atkinson, A. Clerc, A. Ely, M. Smith, J. Cronin, M. Zhu & T Young. EWEA Technology Workshop
More informationA comparison of NACA 0012 and NACA 0021 self-noise at low Reynolds number
A comparison of NACA 12 and NACA 21 self-noise at low Reynolds number A. Laratro, M. Arjomandi, B. Cazzolato, R. Kelso Abstract The self-noise of NACA 12 and NACA 21 airfoils are recorded at a Reynolds
More informationA noise generation and propagation model for large wind farms
Wind Farm Noise: Paper ICA2016-86 A noise generation and propagation model for large wind farms Franck Bertagnolio (a) (a) DTU Wind Energy, Denmark, frba@dtu.dk Abstract A wind turbine noise calculation
More informationWind Resource Assessment for FALSE PASS, ALASKA Site # 2399 Date last modified: 7/20/2005 Prepared by: Mia Devine
813 W. Northern Lights Blvd. Anchorage, AK 99503 Phone: 907-269-3000 Fax: 907-269-3044 www.aidea.org/wind.htm Wind Resource Assessment for FALSE PASS, ALASKA Site # 2399 Date last modified: 7/20/2005 Prepared
More informationOverview. 2 Module 13: Advanced Data Processing
2 Module 13: Advanced Data Processing Overview This section of the course covers advanced data processing when profiling. We will discuss the removal of the fairly gross effects of ship heave and talk
More information