Ambient Sound Survey of the Blue Creek Wind Farm Project Area

Transcription

1 MEMORANDUM Ambient Sound Survey of the Blue Creek Wind Farm Proect Area TO: FROM: Heartland Wind, LLC Blue Creek Wind Farm Proect Team Mark Bastasch, P.E./CH2M HILL DATE: April 30, 2010 Summary This memorandum presents the ambient sound measurements collected for Heartland Wind, LLC s proposed Blue Creek Wind Farm (the Facility) in Paulding and Van Wert counties, Ohio. Ambient sound levels were collected over an approximately 10-day period at nine representative locations within the vicinity of the proposed Facility. Sound level metrics collected included L eq (average) and L 90 (residual or background) levels which were correlated with wind speeds measured at 100 meters (hub height of the proposed wind turbines). The resulting trends are as expected: noise levels are typically higher at locations proximate to maor roads, are greater during the day than at night, and generally increase with increasing wind speed. Instrumentation Larson Davis 831, ANSI Type 1 precision sound level meters, were used for this survey. Microphones were field calibrated at the beginning and end of this survey with a Larson Davis CAL200 calibrator and the observed calibration drift was acceptable and less than 0.5 db. The microphones were outfitted with oversized windscreens (ACO Model WS7-80T) to reduce self-induced wind noise across the microphone. The sound level meters were housed in waterproof enclosures and the microphones were mounted on a tripod at an approximate height of 6 feet within a Larson Davis environmental protection shroud. Each sound level meter was programmed to record a number of statistical parameters including A-weighted L eq and L 90 in 10-minute intervals to correlate with meteorological data collection efforts. Three Davis Vantage Pro Weather Stations were deployed to document periods of rain within the proect area. Periods of rain were excluded from the data analysis. Hub height (100 meter) wind speeds were collected and provided by Heartland Wind from their permanent onsite meteorological tower. Monitoring Locations The proect area is primarily characterized as an agriculture area, with several maor roadways (US 30 and US 127). The communities of Scott and Haviland represent two areas of comparatively increased residential density. A drain tile manufacturing facility is located within the community of Haviland and various agricultural equipment (such as, dryers, silos, and conveyors) is located sporadically throughout the proect area. The monitoring IBR_BLUECREEK_SOUNDSURVEY_ DOCX 1

2 AMBIENT SOUND SURVEY OF THE BLUE CREEK WIND FARM PROJECT AREA was conducted between March 18 and 29, 2010, a period when agricultural activities are minimal and deciduous trees were bare. Any potential sound from rustling of leaves or crops in the fields, as well as summer insects, was minimized by the timing of this survey. Higher ambient sound levels could reasonably be expected during the summer months, particularly at locations near fields or trees. Nine representative monitoring locations were selected within the proect area and are identified in Table 1. The map in Appendix A depicts their locations within the proect area as well as the specific location on each parcel. Photos of each monitoring location are provided in Appendix B. Home 91 is located in the southwest proect area, near US 30, a divided four-lane highway. A weather station was also located at this property. Home 139 is also located in the southwest proect area, but further removed from US 30 than Home 91. Home 141 is located in the south east of the proect area and removed from maor roadways. Dirt bikes were noted to occasionally operate on a small track established by the neighbors to the south. A weather station was also located at this property. Home 171 is located on US 127, a two-lane thoroughfare. The monitoring location was located in the backyard and set back at a distance further from the road than neighboring homes. Home 240 is located towards the center the proect and removed from maor roadways. Home 248 is also removed from maor roadways and to the west of Home 240. A quarry is located approximately 0.5 mile to the west of Home 248 but quarry operations were not audible during the set up or removal of equipment. Home 393 is located in the community of Scott, in the northeast portion of the proect, and is approximately 0.5 mile from US 127. Home 455 is located in the northern portion of the proect and is removed from maor roadways. It was noted that an automatic backup generator is automatically cycled on for brief testing every Wednesday morning. Home 534 is located along State Route 114 (SR 114), the northern border of the proect, in the community of Haviland. Traffic along SR 114 was observed to be significantly less than US 127 and the primary source of noise noted was associated with the drain tile manufacturing facility approximately 0.5 mile to the east. IBR_BLUECREEK_SOUNDSURVEY_ DOCX 2

3 AMBIENT SOUND SURVEY OF THE BLUE CREEK WIND FARM PROJECT AREA TABLE 1 Sound Monitoring Locations Home ID Longitude Latitude Participation Status Address City/Town Distance to Closest Turbine (ft) Turbine ID Good Neighbor Agreement 7426 Pollock Rd. Convoy 2, Participant 4144 Dull Robinson Rd. Convoy 1, Participant Wetzel Rd. Van Wert 1,393 E Good Neighbor Agreement 3949 US 127 Van Wert 1, Good Neighbor Agreement Feasby Wisener Rd. Van Wert 1, Participant 9439 Feasby Wisener Rd. Convoy 1, Participant Rd. 12 Scott 3, Good Neighbor Agreement Rd. 24 Haviland 2, Non-Participant SR 114 Haviland 4, IBR_BLUECREEK_SOUNDSURVEY_ DOCX 3

4 AMBIENT SOUND SURVEY OF THE BLUE CREEK WIND FARM PROJECT AREA Monitoring Results The measured L eq, L 90, hub height (100 meter) wind speed and precipitation are plotted as time series for each monitoring location and are presented in Appendix C. Appendix C also contains the plots of day and nighttime L eq, L 90, and L 50 sound level metrics versus hub height wind speeds. The nighttime period was classified as between 10 p.m. and 4 a.m. with daytime period being the balance of the day. Periods of rain were excluded from these correlations. The results indicate that the sound level at any single location will vary substantially over time and that while noise levels generally increase with increasing hub height wind speeds, the range in existing sound levels measured at any particular wind speed varies dramatically. Cumulative Sound Levels The level of sound emitted by wind turbines depend on the speed of the wind at hub height. When the winds are sufficient to generate power, commonly referred to as the cut-in wind speed - approximately 4 meters per second (m/s) at hub height (100 meters), the sound power level 1 of the Gamesa G90 is approximately 93 dba. The sound power level of the turbine then increases with increasing wind speed to a maximum sound power level of approximately 106 dba at 9 m/s. Once this wind speed and maximum sound power level is reached, the sound level of the turbine plateaus or no longer increases with increasing wind speed, while the ambient levels may continue to increase with increasing wind speed. As noted above and depicted on figures in Appendix C, the range in existing sound levels at any particular wind speed varies. To evaluate the potential cumulative sound levels (existing plus proect), the range in measured average sound level (L eq ) was determined for each monitoring location. Table 2 presents the range of existing sound levels measured at each of the monitoring locations under cut-in conditions (hub height winds of approximately 4 m/s). Table 3 presents the range of existing sound levels measured for the wind speed corresponding to when the turbines first reach their maximum sound emissions (hub height winds of approximately 9 m/s). The low existing sound level range corresponds to the quietest 10 percent of the measured average (L eq ) levels, the mid range to the median or 50 th percentile and the high range to the loudest 10 percent. The cumulative sound level is computed by adding the predicted proect level under cut-in conditions (Table 2) or maximum sound conditions (Table 3) to the measured existing levels. 1 A sound power level (commonly abbreviated as PWL or Lw) is analogous to the wattage of a light bulb; it is a measure of the acoustical energy emitted by the source and is, therefore, independent of distance. It is not the same as what one hears or directly measures with a sound level meter. For example, a 60-watt light bulb emits 60 watts of power. It makes no difference to the wattage (power) where a person is viewing it from: the power is always 60 watts. A sound pressure level (commonly abbreviated as SPL or Lp) is analogous to the brightness or intensity of light experienced at a specific distance from a source. A 60-watt light bulb will have less brightness when view from a further distance away. That is, the power (60 watts) remains the same, but its intensity diminishes the further away one gets from it. Sound pressure is similarly attenuated by distance. Sound pressure is measured directly with a sound-level meter is associated with a particular location or distance from the sound source. IBR_BLUECREEK_SOUNDSURVEY_ DOCX 4

5 AMBIENT SOUND SURVEY OF THE BLUE CREEK WIND FARM PROJECT AREA TABLE 2 Summary of Existing and Cumulative Sound Pressure Levels under Cut-In Winds (dba) Monitoring Location Measured Levels Range of Existing Ambient (Leq) Levels Predicted Proect Sound Level Predicted Cumulative Level Existing Plus Proect (Leq) Range of Existing Ambient (Leq) Levels Low Mid High Low Mid High H H H H H H H H H TABLE 3 Summary of Existing and Cumulative Sound Pressure Levels under Full Sound Power Conditions (dba) Monitoring Location Measured Levels Range of Existing Ambient (Leq) Levels Predicted Proect Sound Level Predicted Cumulative Level Existing Plus Proect (Leq) Range of Existing Ambient (Leq) Levels Low Mid High Low Mid High H H H H H H H H H Range of Predicted Sound Levels As discussed in the December 2009 and April 2010 OPSB submittal, the prediction of maximum proect sound levels was based on ISO , Acoustics Sound Attenuation During Propagation Outdoors, Part 2: General Method of Calculation (International Organization for Standardization [ISO], 1993) and utilized a mixed ground factor of G=0.5 with a receptor height of 4 meters (13 feet). It was noted that these modeling parameters yielded similar IBR_BLUECREEK_SOUNDSURVEY_ DOCX 5

6 AMBIENT SOUND SURVEY OF THE BLUE CREEK WIND FARM PROJECT AREA results to hard ground conditions (G=0), with a receptor height of 1.5 meters (4.9 feet) when a potential +2 dba term to account for vendor warranty is not considered. Appendix D presents the predict proect levels under cut-in and full acoustic sound power for both a hard ground condition (G=0) and a fully absorptive or acoustically soft ground condition (G=1) with a receptor height of 1.5 meters (4.9 feet). The results for the fully absorptive ground (G=1) are approximately 6 dba less than those under the hard ground (G=0) results. The hard ground results are consistent with previous provided predictions of maximum proect sound levels. It is for these reasons the analysis was noted to be based on conservative components, ensuring that predicted receptor levels were not minimized. IBR_BLUECREEK_SOUNDSURVEY_ DOCX 6

7 Appendix A Monitoring Locations Overview

8 UV114 ") ") ") ") RD 49 WARD BERGNER PAULDING VAN WERT TULLY HARRISON LEGEND RD 57 RD 48 RD 59 COLWELL CONVOY LINCOLN RD 65 WOLFCALE RD 67 KILGORE BOWERS POLLOCK DULLROBINSON RD 71 Homes - Monitored Homes Proposed Turbine ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") ") FEASBY WISENER PEARSON RICHEY RD 79 RD 12 NACHBAR TERRY Proposed Collection Substation Site Area Boundary County Boundary RD 24 RD 16 LIBERTY UNION RD 87 RD 91 ELM SUGAR DIXON CAVETT JOHN BROWN RD 95 LEITNER RD 101 DUTCH JOHN RD 107 UNION PLEASANT MARSH \ RD 38 STRIPE HOAGLIN VAN WERT PAULDING CO LINE WETZEL MENDON RUMBLE RD 117 FIFE GIFFIN BOROFF KELTNER VICINITY MAP RD 28 BLACHLEY MOHR JOHN YOH PALMER RD 123 GILLILAND RD 54 RD 131 $ Miles Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_OVERVIEW.MXD PGRONLI 4/21/ :07:09

9 COLWELL POLLOCK? LEGEND? Sound Level Meter Homes - Monitored VICINITY MAP UV Feet $ Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_MB.MXD PGRONLI 4/15/ :46:05

10 DULL ROBINSON? LEGEND? Sound Level Meter Homes - Monitored VICINITY MAP UV Feet $ Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_MB.MXD PGRONLI 4/15/ :46:05

11 JOHN YOH? WETZEL LEGEND? Sound Level Meter Homes - Monitored VICINITY MAP UV Feet $ Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_MB.MXD PGRONLI 4/15/ :46:05

12 ? DIXON CAVETT WETZEL LEGEND? Sound Level Meter Homes - Monitored VICINITY MAP UV Feet $ Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_MB.MXD PGRONLI 4/15/ :46:05

13 ? FEASBY WISENER LEGEND? Sound Level Meter Homes - Monitored VICINITY MAP UV Feet $ Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_MB.MXD PGRONLI 4/15/ :46:05

14 ? FEASBY WISENER LEGEND? Sound Level Meter Homes - Monitored VICINITY MAP UV Feet $ Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_MB.MXD PGRONLI 4/15/ :46:05

15 ? VAN WERT PAULDING CO LINE RD 12 PAULDING VAN WERT LEGEND? Sound Level Meter Homes - Monitored VICINITY MAP UV Feet $ Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_MB.MXD PGRONLI 4/15/ :46:05

16 RD 24? LEGEND? Sound Level Meter Homes - Monitored VICINITY MAP UV Feet $ Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_MB.MXD PGRONLI 4/15/ :46:05

17 ? UV 114 LEGEND? Sound Level Meter Homes - Monitored VICINITY MAP UV Feet $ Ambient Sound Survey Blue Creek Wind Power Facility \\LAKEFRONT\PROJ\IBR_BLUECREEK_394265\MAPFILES\APPENDIX\NOISE\FIGUREX_HOMESLAYOUT_MB.MXD PGRONLI 4/15/ :46:05

18 Appendix B Photo Log of Monitoring Locations

19 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 91 View 1 Home 91 View 2 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 1

20 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 91 View 3 Home 139 View 1 2 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC

21 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 139 View 2 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 3

22 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 139 View 3 Home 141 View 1 4 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC

23 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 141 View 2 Home 141 View 3 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 5

24 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 171 View 1 6 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC

25 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 171 View 2 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 7

26 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 171 View 3 8 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC

27 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 240 View 1 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 9

28 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 240 View 2 10 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC

29 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 240 View 3 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 11

30 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 240 View 4 12 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC

31 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 248 View 1 Home 248 View 2 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 13

32 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 248 View 3 Home 393 View 1 14 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC

33 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 393 View 2 Home 393 View 3 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 15

34 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 393 View 4 Home 455 View 1 16 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC

35 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 455 View 2 Home 455 View 3 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 17

36 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 455 View 3 Home 534 View 1 18 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC

37 APPENDIX B - PHOTO LOG Home 534 View 2 Home 534 View 3 APPENDIX_B_BLUECREEK_MONITORING_NOISE_PHOTOLOG_V4.DOC 19

38 Appendix C Time Series and Sound Level vs. Wind Speed Plots

39 Precipitation (in/hr) essure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) H91 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Time H91 Sound Level Time Series Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr)

40 Leq (dba) H91 Day Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H91 Day L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H91 Day L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

41 Leq (dba) H91 Night Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H91 Night L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H91 Night L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

42 Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100-m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr) Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100-m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr) H139 Sound Level Time Series Time

43 Leq (dba) H139 - Day Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H139 - Day L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H139 - Day L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

44 Leq (dba) H139 - Night Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H139 - Night L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H139 - Night L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

45 Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100-m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr) Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100-m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr) H141 Sound Level Time Series Time

46 Leq (dba) H141 - Day Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H141 - Day L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H141 - Day L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

47 Leq (dba) H141 - Night Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H141 - Night L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H141 - Night L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

48 Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100-m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr) Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100-m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr) H171 Sound Level Time Series Time

49 Leq (dba) H171 - Day Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H171 - Day L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H171 - Day L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

50 Leq (dba) H171 - Night Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H171 - Night L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H171 - Night L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

51 H s) H240 Sound Level Time Series n/hr) 0 m Wind Speed (m/s) H240 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) ure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) H240 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) H240 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Time H240 Sound Level Time Series Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr) Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Time H240 Sound Level Time Series Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr)

52 Leq (dba) H240 Day Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H240 Day L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H240 Day L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

53 Leq (dba) H240 Night Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H240 Night L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H240 Night L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

54 H m/s) H248 Sound Level Time Series (in/hr) 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) H248 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) ssure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) H248 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) H248 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Time H248 Sound Level Time Series Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr) Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Time H248 Sound Level Time Series Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr)

55 Leq (dba) H248 Day Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H248 Day L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) 15.0 H248 Day L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

56 Leq (dba) H248 Night Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H248 Night L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H248 Night L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

57 Precipitation (in/hr) Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr) H393 Sound Level Time Series Time Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) ure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s)

58 Leq (dba) H393 Day Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H393 Day L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H393 Day L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

59 Leq (dba) H393 Night Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H393 Night L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H393 Night L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

60 H /s) H455 Sound Level Time Series (in/hr) 00 m Wind Speed (m/s) H455 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) sure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) H455 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) H455 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Time H455 Sound Level Time Series Leq (dba) L90 (dba) Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Time H455 Sound Level Time Series Leq (dba) L90 (dba) Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation

61 Leq (dba) H455 Day L eq vs. Wind Speed at 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H455 Day L 90 vs. Wind Speed at 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H455 Day L 50 vs. Wind Speed at 100 m Wind Speed (m/s)

62 Leq (dba) H455 Night L eq vs. Wind Speed at 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H455 Night L 90 vs. Wind Speed at 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H455 Night L 50 vs. Wind Speed at 100 m Wind Speed (m/s)

63 Precipitation (in/hr) ssure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) H534 Sound Level Time Series Precipitation (in/hr) Sound Pressure Level (dba) or 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Time H534 Sound Level Time Series Leq (dba) L90 (dba) 100 m Wind Speed (m/s) Precipitation (in/hr)

64 Leq (dba) H534 Day Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H534 Day L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H534 Day L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

65 Leq (dba) H534 Night Leq vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L90 (dba) H534 Night L90 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s) L50 (dba) H534 Night L50 vs. Wind Speed at 100m Wind Speed (m/s)

66 Appendix D Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation

67 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 1 of 20

68 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 2 of 20

69 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 3 of 20

70 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME CHURCH HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 4 of 20

71 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME CHURCH HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 5 of 20

72 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 6 of 20

73 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME CHURCH HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 7 of 20

74 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME CHURCH HOME Page 8 of 20

75 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME SCHOOL HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 9 of 20

76 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 10 of 20

77 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME SCHOOL HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 11 of 20

78 TABLE D-1 Ground Absorption Coefficient Evaluation Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 0 Sound Pressure Level, Ground Absorption = 1 Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Full Acoustic Sound Power Level Cut-in Sound Power Level Structure Residence (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) (106.4 dba Turbine Level) (92.8 dba Turbine Level) Type ID (dba) (dba) HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME HOME Page 12 of 20