CFD Simulations of Contaminant Transport between two Breathing Persons Bjørn, Erik; Nielsen, Peter Vilhelm
|
|
- Baldric Davis
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Aalborg Universitet CFD Simulations of Contaminant Transport between two Breathing Persons Bjørn, Erik; Nielsen, Peter Vilhelm Publiation date: 1998 Doument Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of reord Link to publiation from Aalborg University Citation for published version (APA): Bjørn, E., & Nielsen, P. V. (1998). CFD Simulations of Contaminant Transport between two Breathing Persons. Aalborg: Dept. of Building Tehnology and Strutural Engineering, Aalborg University. Indoor Environmental Engineering, No. 96, Vol.. R989 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publiations made aessible in the publi portal are retained by the authors and/or other opyright owners and it is a ondition of aessing publiations that users reognise and abide by the legal requirements assoiated with these rights.? Users may download and print one opy of any publiation from the publi portal for the purpose of private study or researh.? You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profitmaking ativity or ommerial gain? You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publiation in the publi portal? Take down poliy If you believe that this doument breahes opyright please ontat us at vbn@aub.aau.dk providing details, and we will remove aess to the work immediately and investigate your laim. Downloaded from vbn.aau.dk on: januar 5, 219
2 CFD Simulations of Contaminant Transport between Two Breathing Persons Erik B}tTI. Peter V. Nielsen.o m z Q).. ro (L Ol : QJ QJ Ol w : QJ E ' > w ' u E m r.. ' u 2 en.. ui x E (f) eo ::: Ol j: q, z w r :;::; C' > ::;,.D Q_ : Q_ u:; ::: i:5 N '+ ' <( (/) > Ol CO Ol u QJ Ol QJ u, QJ u QJ 2 QJ '+ u Q_ QJ s u (f)
3 The Indoor Environmental Engin eering papers are issued for early dissemination of researh results from the Indoor Environmental Engineering Group at the Department of Building Tehnology and Strutural Engineering, Aalborg University. These papers are generally submitted to sientifi meetings, onferenes or journals and should therefore not be widely distributed. Whenever possible, referene should be given to the final publiations (proeedings, journals, et.) and not to the Indoor Environmental Engineering papers. Pri nted at AaiiJorg University
4 CFD Simulations of Contaminant Transport between Two Breathing Persons Erik Bjrn, Peter V Nielsen
5
6 CFD SIMULATIONS OF CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT BETWEEN TWO BREATHING PERSONS Erik Bjm t) and Peter V. Nielsen Dept. of Building Tehnology and Strutural Engineering Aalborg University, DK9 Aalborg, Denmark I) URL: ABSTRACT Experiments have shown that exhalation from one person is able to penetrate the breathing zone of another person at a distane. Computational Fluid Dynamis (CFD) is used to investigate the dependeny of the personal exposure on some physial parameters, namely: Pulmonary ventilation rate, onvetive heat output, exhalation temperature, and rosssetional exhalation area. Fullsale experimental results are used to alibrate/validate the CFD model. Respiration, although an inherently transient phenomenon, is simulated by steadystate CFD with reasonably good results. Different geometries and grid distributions are tested to see what level of omplexity is neessary. To further evaluate the experimental results, the CFD simulations are then used to perform parameter variations. The simulations show that the simulated personal exposure is very sensitive to vanatwns in the onvetive heat output of both the exposed person and the exhaling person, and in the rosssetional exhalation area and the pulmonary ventilation rate of the exhaling person. KEYWORDS: Breathing zone, CFD, Contamination soures, Convetion flows, Respiration INTRODUCTION A subjet whih has not yet been studied thoroughly is the dispersion of ontaminants from the human exhalation, and the interation taking plae between respiration and the onvetive boundary layer flow indued by the human body. These phenomena are important when trying to understand and predit the flow fields and the resulting ontaminant distributions in displaement ventilated rooms, and may also be interesting with respet to ontaminant ontrol in hospitals and linis, in situations with passive smoking, and in the general improvement of indoor air quality. In the present study, fous is on situations where two persons are lose to eah other, so that the exhalation of one person an penetrate the breathing zone of another person. Aims The simulations presented in this paper are intended to omplement a series of full sale experiments made in a displaement ventilated test room (Bjm and Nielsen 1996). In these experiments, two breathing thermal manikins were used: manikin no.l ated as ontaminant soure, breathing diretly towards the fae of manikin no.2. Traer gas N2 was added to the exhalation, and manikin no.2 was used for measuring personal exposure. Manikin no. I exhaled through either nose or mouth, and different distanes between the two manikins were tested. The main results of the measurements are shown together with simulated results in figures 8, 1 and 12 in this paper. The prinipal aim of these simulations is to assess the sensitivity of the physial situation to variations of different parameters. This will assist in the evaluation of the experimental results.
7 METHODS The CFD ode A ommerial CFD ode named FLOVENT is used. The ode uses a standard finite volume method, the k turbulene model with logarithmi wall funtions, retangular strutured grid, the hybrid disretisation sheme, and the SIMPLE solving algorithm, see Patankar (198). Geometry The geometry of the test room and the experimental setup is symmetrial. For saving CPU time, only half of the room and half of the manikins are simulated, see figure 1. The symmetry plane is an adiabati, fritionless wall. To test the importane of the geometrial modelling of a human being, two different types of omputer simulated persons (CSPs) are ompared: 1) a simple box, and 2) a model with separate head, torso, and legs (see figure 2 and table 1). These two models have been used before by Brohus and Nielsen (1996), Brohus (1997). The surfae area is 1.62 m 2. This is the surfae area that is in ontat with the ambient air. The area in ontat with the floor is not inluded, and there is no heat ondution from the CSP to the floor. The present CSPs differ from those used by Brohus and Nielsen (1996) by having a "mouth", whih is used as an inlet for CSP no.l and as an exhaust for CSP no.2, thus simulating the effet of exhalation and inhalation, respetively. The entre of the mouth is plaed at the height of 1.5 m Symmetry.. lane.. EXHAUS!r <> I.27 x.27 j INLE Figure 1: Geometry of test room, loation of CSPs, inlet, and exhaust. D z Figure 2: Simple and detailed CSP. T a bl e 1 : n 1mens1ns o fc omputer 1mu ate dp ersons m. [ m ]. Simple CSP Detailed CSP Body part: X y z X y z Torso Leg Head Mouth
8 Grid Size The solution will hange with grid size. The disretisation error is of the first order of ell size. Theoretially, the solution will move asymptotially towards a "grid independent" solution (being the analytial solution of the differential equations). It is however not possible to say beforehand exatly just how fine the grid should be, or how large the deviations will be. A systemati investigation into this problem is very time onsuming, so it has only been dealt with for one situation. The results have then been used as a guideline for the rest of the situations. The distane to the first grid line is 1. m from all surfaes. This is an appropriate distane with regard to the alulation of the onvetive heat transfer oeffiient (Brohus (1997)). Convetive heat fluxes.temperatures T, mass flow rates m, and ontaminant onentrations are presribed (see table 2). Heat exhange by radiation is disregarded (sine the flow is dominated by onvetion), and the onvetive heat output of the CSPs is assumed to be 5% of the total heat output of the manikins, exluding the exhalation. The onstant flow rate and temperature of the extialation is a simplifiation ompared to reality, where the exhalation shows a pulsating, intermittent behaviour. The mass flow rate of 3.77 x 1 4 kg/s is the maximum instantaneous flow rate of a person breathing 6 liters pr. minute at a frequeny of 1 breaths pr minute, assuming a sinusoidal variation of the flow rate. T a bl e 2 : B oun d 1ary on d'ti 1 ons External boundaries CSPnol CSP no.2 floor eiling walls inlet exhaust inlet surfae exhaust surfae 25 [Wimz] 25 T [OC] m [kg/s] 5.33e2 5.33e2 3.77e4 3.77e4 [g/kg air] 7.9 Boundary onditions I I,.,.,,, oiut11ul I \ '...,.. lll't11111' \ \ \ 1\1.,,..,,,, 11R1ITtl I I I \ """.,,, llt\lnl 1.. Ref. vetor: 2. m/s ' ''"""'.. '',... m111f:, ' \ Tt..\'m',,,,.,.urHhi, I \ ".\\\." \ \ \ ' t o 1 llflfff1 1 \ "'""' \ \ \ \ \ I I lr.lltn I '''''\\\lttrtth i " i!ji::.: :: :... :. t: :: :... Figure 3: Veloity field, xz plane, y =. Veloities > 1. mls (lose to the exhalation opening) are omitted. 3
9 RESULTS Figure 4: Temperature field, xz plane, y =. Temperatures larger than 24.5 C appear as white. In all simulations, physially realisti results are obtained (see example in figures 3 and 4), i.e. the flow is quite similar to reality. The simulated personal exposure, however, is very sensitive to details. Grid independene An investigation was made to assess the optimum number of grid points for the simulations. The investigations were limited to a situation with horizontal exhalation through the mouth of one CSP and a mutual distane L!x =.4 m. The exposure Ce, i.e. the onentration inhaled by CSP no.2, is simulated. In the following the exposure is made dimensionless by dividing with the return onentration CR. In the equivalent fullsale experiment, elr = 6.9. Figure 5 shows that we an not be ompletely sure that grid independene is reahed, even for the rather large number of 4, grid points, but the results do seem to be reahing an asymptotial solution. However, when the number is below approx. 1, the results hange dramatially. '" Cl) 8 6 ::l m 4. 2 >< w.. 5, 1, 15, 2, 25, 3, 35, 4, Number of grid points.. + Simple CSP Detailed CSP Figure 5: Investigation of grid point independene. 4
10 The above mentioned gridpoint investigation inludes both types of CSPs. In fat, the result obtained with the simple CSP is very lose to the measured value, whereas the more detailed CSP has an overshoot of approx. 34%. It seems that the geometry is not the main reason for deviations. The retangular geometry of the detailed CSP is in fat not very preise ompared to the experiments. That the simulated exposures obtanined with the simple CSP are so preise must be onsidered a bit of a oinidene, though, sine there are a number of assumptions involved in the simulations, namely the lak of intermittent, pulsating breathing. The ode itself also inludes some inauraies (se the disussion later). Core region In the above alulations, grid points were onentrated in the area between the two CSPs, whereas they were more sare in the areas around and above the CSPs (beause of the strutured retangular grid distribution, however, there is a onsiderable waste of grid points). Apart from the density of gridpoints between the two CSPs, the grid density in the exhalation outlet proves to be importane, see figures 6 and 7. It is benefiial to use a high number of grid points in this region. For a given grid density, however, it seems that there exists a maximum number neessary of grid points in the ore region. Inreasing the number of points beyond this number does not hange the result muh. Based on this invesigation, it is assumed that the simple CSP, with a number of 1, 2, grid points, and with 8 ells evenly distributed in the exhalation outlet, will be appropriate for all the following simulations, sine this seems to produe both reasonably aurate solutions and at the same time reasonably eonomi alulation times. The number of 1, grid points is used for the distane of.4 m, at inreasing distanes the number of gridpoints in the xdiretion between the two manikins is inreased proportionally with the distane. Parameter variations 1. Inhalation Two simulations are made without air being extrated through the inhalation of CSP no. 2. The simulations are made for ili =.4 m and.6 m, with exhalation through the mouth of CSP no 1. The simulated exposures are 23 times as large as with air being inhaled, proving that this is an important detail, at least in this type of situation. Inhalation is used in all other simulations. 7 6 '"ii! Cl)... ::J 3 (/) e 2 w ea. 3, G.P. ea. 5, G.P. ea. 1, G.P. Grid points in exhalation (yz plane) 5
11 Total. 3, In ore l 1 1, 8 Figure 7: Development of exhalation jet with different grid distributions. Contour lines represent equal onentrations in all ases. 2. Exess temperature of exhalation There is a slight differene ( < 1 %) between the density of exhalation air in the experiments and in real life, whih orresponds to a temperature differene of max. 3 C. The results are tested for sensitivity towards hanges in exhalation temperature, see figure 8. The results indiate that this parameter is of importane at distanes > approx..6 m. 3. Convetive heat output Sine the boundary layer flows around persons interat with the exhalation flow, different onvetive heat outputs are tested, see figure 9. The effet of variations of this parameter is onsiderable. Without any heat at all, the simulated personal exposure JR "" 15, i.e. more than twie the measured value. 4. Mouth area ofcsp no.l The mouth area was doubled (twie as wide) in a series of experiments. This has a dramati effet on the simulated exposure, whih drops to.7.3 for the distanes.4 1. m. When the flow rate is inreased, however, the differene diminishes, see figure a: 5 "' 4 ::l m 3 Cl. >< w 2 b.. CFD,T=35C Experiment CFD,T=32C D D Distane [m] Figure 8: Simulated exposure, sensitivity to hange in exalation temperature. 6
12 ::l (J).. x w I CSP no.1 CSP no.2 I I I Relative heat output[) Figure 9: Simulated exposure, sensitivity to hange in heat outputs, onstant distane.1x =.4 m. 5. Pulmonary ventilation rate When the flow rate of the air exhaled by CSP no.1 is ineased, a signifiant hange is seen in the simulated esposure, see figures 1 and 11. produes rather poor results for distanes larger than.4 m, see figure 12. The simulations m this situation had some onvergene problems, and no further simulations were attempted a: 18 Q) 16..::. 14 ::::> (J). X w x area 2 2 x area Relative flow rate(] Figure 11: Sensitivity to hanges in flow rate, onstant distane.1x =.4 m. a: (,) Q)..::. 5 D ::l 4 (J) X w 2 D D. D Experiment Flow = 1% Flow= 11% D 3 (,)a: 2.,..::. ::::> (J). X w Distane [m] Figure 1: Sensitivity to hange in flow rate of exhaled air Distane [m] Figure 12: Exhalation through nose Nose exhalation When simulating air exhaled through the nose, the mouth was made double as wide, and the exhalation was fored to leave the opening with a 45 downward inlination and a 15 horizontal inlination, orresponding to the experiments. This DISCUSSION Several aspets of the simulations do not orrespond well to reality. Logarithmi wall funtions are used, however, this will give poor preditions of the flow in areas with low loal Reynolds numbers, e.g. in 7
13 the lower parts of the boundary layer flow lose to the human body. It might be better to use a low Reynolds model, but this was not possible for pratial reasons (CPU time). The same problem arises with the steadystate assumption: It would be better to use transient alulations, but again, this would demand an inrease in CPU time beyond what was possible. Also, the ke turbulene model does not resolve the turbulent eddies in the flow, whih might be of importane when onsidering ontaminant exposure. The geometries in the simulations are muh simpler than reality. It might be better to have body fitted grids, but the FLOVENT ode does not support this feature. In spite of the prinipal limitations of the present simulations, it was possible to simulate results whih are physially realisti, although not ompletely aurate when ompared with fullsale measurements. For this reason, it is onluded that the simulations are adequate for testing sensitivity to ertain parameter variations, whih was the main objetive of this researh. The grid distribution is paramount; an inadequate number of grid points will have a severe influene on the auray of the results. This is a problem in all CFD work whih is sometimes negleted, probably beause it is so time onsuming. The simulations show that the simulated personal exposure is very sensitive to variations of the investigated parameters: onvetive heat outputs rosssetional exhalation area pulmonary ventilation rate. Furthermore, the results indiate that the simulated exposure is not very sensitive to variations of exhalation temperature at small mutual distanes, but more so as the distane inreases. However, sine only a narrow range of temperatures are relevant to this problem, this parameter (and other parameters influening the density of the exhaled air (as e.g. humidity and C 2 ontent) an be onsidered as less ritial. The results suggest that one should not fous so muh on the exat measured values when evaluating the pratial importane of the experiments, but rather look at the qualitative aspets, namely that the exhalation does not neessarily follow the onvetive flows lose to the body, but is able to penetrate the breathing zone of other persons loated nearby. It would have been interesting to look at the effet of breathing towards the side or bak of another person at different angles and with varying vertial and horizontal inlination of the exhalation jet, but it is deemed that the omputational model is not ideal for this type of problem, onsidering the problems enountered in simulating exhalation through the nose. REFERENCES E.Bjfjrn, P.V.Nielsen (1996). "Exposure due to Interating Air Flows between Persons." Pro. ROOMVENT '96, 5th lnt. Conf on Air Distribution in Rooms, Yokohama, Japan. Vol.l, pp H.Brohus, P.V.Nielsen (1996). "CFD Models of Persons Evaluated by FullSale Wind Channel Experiments." Pro. ROOMVENT '96, 5th lnt. Conf on Air Distribution in Rooms, Yokohama, Japan. Vol.2. pp H.Brohus (1997). "Personal Exposure to Contaminant Soures in Ventilated Rooms." Ph.D. Thesis, Aalborg University, Denmark. S.V.Patankar (198). "Numerial Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow." Hemisphere 8
14
15 RECENT PAPERS ON INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING PAPER NO. 81 : P. Heiselberg, C. Topp: Removal of Airborne Contaminants from a Sudae Tank by a PushPull System. ISSN R PAPER NO. 82: P. Heiselberg: Simplified Method for Room Air Distribution Design. ISSN R9747. PAPER NO. 83: L. Davidson, P.V. Nielsen: A Study of Laminar BakwardFaing Step Flow. ISSN R982. PAPER NO. 84: P.V. Nielsen: Aidlow in a World Exposition Pavilion Studied by SaleModel Experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamis. ISSN R9825. PAPER NO. 85: P.V. Nielsen: Stratified Flow in a Room with Displaement Ventilation and WallMounted Air Terminal Devies. ISSN R9826. PAPER NO. 86 : P.V. Nielsen: The Seletion of Turbulene Models for Predition of Room Ai1ilow. ISSN R9828. PAPER NO. 87 : K. Svidt, G. Zhang, B. Bjerg : CFD Simulation of Air Veloity DistriiJution in Oupied Livestok Buildings. ISSN R9831. PAPER NO. 88: P. V. Nielsen, T. Tryggvason : Computational Fluid Dynamis and Building Energy Peliormane Simulation. ISSN R9832. PAPER NO. 89: K. Svidt, B. Bjerg, S. Morsing, G. Zhang: Modelling of Air Flow through a Slatted Floor by CFO. ISSN R9833. PAPER NO. 9: J.R. Nielsen, P.V. Nielsen, K. Svidt: The Influene of Furniture on Air Veloity in a Room An Isothermal Case. ISSN R9843. PAPER NO. 91 : P. Lengweiler, J.S. Strem1, H. Takai, P. Ravn, P.V. Niel sen, A. Moser: Dust Load on Surfaes in Animal Buildings: An Experimental Measuring Method. ISSN R9844. PAPER NO. 92: P. Lengweiler, P.V. Ni elsen, A. Moser, P. Heiselberg, H. Takai : Deposition and Resuspension of Pa1tiles: Whih Parameters are linpo11a nt? ISSN R9845. PAPER NO. 93: C. Topp, P.V. Nielsen, P. Heiselberg, L.E. Sparks, E.M. Howard, M. Mason: Experiments on Evaporative Emissions in Ventilated Rooms. ISSN R9835. PAPER NO. 94: L. Davidson, P.V. Ni elsen : A Study of LowReynolds Nwnber Effets in BakwardFaing Step Flow using Large Eddy Simulations. ISSN R9834. PAPER NO. 95: A. Nielsen: VRML Programs fo r Room Ventila tion Appliations. ISSN R9846. PAPER NO. 96: E. Bj m, P.V. Nielsen: CFD Simulations of Contaminant Transpo11 between Two Breathing Persons. ISSN R989. Complete list of p apers : ivil.au.dkli6/publliee.html
16 ISSN R989 Dept. of Building Tehnology and Strutural EngineerinJ Aalborg University, Marh 1998 Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, DK9 Aalborg, Den_111ark Phone: Fa x:
Influence of Persons' Movements on Ventilation Effectiveness Brohus, Henrik; Hyldig, Mikkel; Kamper, Simon; Vachek, Ulla Maria
Aalborg Universitet Influence of Persons' Movements on Ventilation Effectiveness rohus, Henrik; Hyldig, Mikkel; Kamper, Simon; Vachek, Ulla Maria Published in: Proceedings of Indoor Air 2008 Publication
More informationExperimental Study of Wind-Opposed Buoyancy-Driven Natural Ventilation Andersen, A.; Bjerre, M.; Chen, Z. D.; Heiselberg, Per Kvols; Li, Y.
Aalborg Universitet Experimental Study of Wind-Opposed Buoyancy-Driven Natural Ventilation Andersen, A.; Bjerre, M.; Chen, Z. D.; Heiselberg, Per Kvols; Li, Y. Publication date: 2 Document Version Publisher's
More informationAnalysis of a Twin Screw Expander for ORC Systems using Computational Fluid Dynamics with a Real Gas Model
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conferene Shool of Mehanial Engineering 2014 Analysis of a Twin Srew Expander for ORC Systems using Computational Fluid Dynamis with
More informationWind energy potential of Ban village
Available online at www.pelagiaresearhlibrary.om Advanes in Applied Siene Researh, 2013, 4(3):220-225 ISSN: 0976-8610 CODEN (USA): AASRFC Wind energy potential of Ban village Maren. I. Borok 1, Gyang Y.
More informationEffect of Pavement/Shoulder Drop-Offs on Highway Safety
Effet of Pavement/Shoulder Drop-Offs on Highway Safety John C. Glennon Transportation Consulting Engineer Overland Park, Kansas Drop-offs at the pavement/shoulder (or shoulder/roadside) edge have been
More informationSingle-sided Natural Ventilation Driven by a Combination of Wind Pressure and Temperature Difference Larsen, Tine Steen; Heiselberg, Per Kvols
Aalborg Universitet Single-sided Natural Ventilation Driven by a Combination of Wind Pressure and Temperature Difference Larsen, Tine Steen; Heiselberg, Per Kvols Published in: Proceedings III The th international
More information11/ This paper not to be cited without prior reference to the author. I'
/ 11/ This paper not to be ited without prior referene to the author. I' International Counil for the Exploration of the Sea C. M. 197 2/H : 3 0 Pelagi Fish (N) Committee THE EFFECTS OF REGULATIONS OF
More informationEffect of Various Parameters of RBC on Oxygen Concentration in Tissues
Journal of Mathematial Control Siene and Appliations (JMCSA) Vol. Journal 3 No. of Mathematial (July-Deember, Control 017), Siene ISSN and : 0974-0570 Appliations (JMCSA) Vol., No. 1, June 008, pp. 117-1
More informationEMPLOYER SAMPLE PROCEDURES FOR HEAT ILLNESS PREVENTION
EMPLOYER SAMPLE PROCEDURES FOR HEAT ILLNESS PREVENTION FEB 2010 California Employers with any outdoor plaes of employment must omply with the Heat Illness Prevention Standard T8 CCR 3395. These proedures
More informationStatistical Mechanics of the Frequency Modulation of Sea Waves
Statistial Mehanis of the Frequeny Modulation of Sea Waves Hiroshi Tomita and Takafumi Kawamura Ship Researh Institute, Shinkawa 6-8-, Mitaka, Tokyo 8-, Japan tomita@srimot.go.jp Abstrat. The longtime
More informationCFD Modeling of Thermal Manikin Heat Loss in a Comfort Evaluation Benchmark Test
CFD Modeling of Thermal Manikin Heat Loss in a Comfort Evaluation Benchmark Test Håkan O. Nilsson 1, Henrik Brohus 2 and Peter V. Nielsen 2 1 Department of Technology and Built Environment, University
More informationAalborg Universitet. Published in: EERB-BEPH Publication date: Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record
Aalborg Universitet Cross Infection in a Hospital Ward and Deposition of Particles Exhaled from a Source Manikin Nielsen, Peter Vilhelm; Li, Yuguo; Buus, Morten; Winther, Frederik V.; Qian, Hua
More informationChapter 2 FLUID STATICS by Amat Sairin Demun
Capter FLUID STTICS by mat Sairin Demun Learning Outomes Upon ompleting tis apter, te students are expeted to be able to: 1. Calulate te pressure in pipes by using piezometers and manometers.. Calulate
More informationDevelopment of virtual 3D human manikin with integrated breathing functionality
SAT-9.2-2-HT-06 Development of virtual 3D human manikin with integrated breathing functionality Martin Ivanov Development of virtual 3D human manikin with integrated breathing functionality: The presented
More informationComparison of the South Dakota Road Profiler with Other Rut Measurement Methods
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD 1311 Comparison of the South Dakota Road Profiler ith Other Rut Measurement Methods ]AMES B. DuBosE During the fall of 1989, the Illinois Department of Transportation ompleted
More informationMeasurement System of Bubbly Flow Using Ultrasonic Velocity Profile Monitor and Video Data Processing Unit, (II)
Journal of Nulear Siene and Tehnology SSN: 22-3131 (Print) 1881-1248 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.om/loi/tnst2 Measurement System of Bubbly Flow Using Ultrasoni Veloity Profile Monitor
More informationDynamic Modeling of the Water Balance in the Cathode Gas Diffusion Layer of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Dynami Modeling of the Water Balane in the Cathode Gas Diffusion Layer of Polymer Eletrolyte Fuel Cells D. Fofana, K. Agbossou, Y. Dubé, J. Hamelin This doument appeared in Detlef Stolten, Thomas Grube
More informationWIND TUNNEL MEASUREMENT AND ASSESSMENT ON THE PEDESTRIAN WIND ENVIRONMENT A CASE STUDY OF JINYING HIGH RISE BUILDING IN TAIPEI, TAIWAN
WIND TNNEL MEASREMENT AND ASSESSMENT ON THE PEDESTRIAN WIND ENVIRONMENT A CASE STDY OF JINYING HIGH RISE BILDING IN TAIPEI, TAIWAN Bao-Shi Shiau 1 and Ben-Jue Tsai 2 ABSTRACT In this paper, wind tunnel
More informationRules of Hockey5 including explanations
Rules of Hokey5 inluding explanations Effetive from 1 September 2012 Copyright FIH 2012 The International Hokey Federation Rue du Valentin 61 CH 1004, Lausanne Switzerland Telephone: ++41 21 641 0606 Fax:
More informationPhysics 20 Lesson 20 Uniform Circular Motion Vertical Plane
Physis 0 Lesson 0 Uniform Cirular Motion Vertial Plane I. Vertial uniform irular motion Refer to Pearson pages 60 to 64 for a disussion about irular motion. So far we hae onsidered uniform irular motion
More informationAbsorption Equilibrium and Kinetics for Ethylene-Ethane Separation with a Novel Solvent Introduction Experimental
Absorption Equilibrium and Kinetis for Ethylene-Ethane Separation with a Novel Solvent Travis A. Reine, R. Brue Eldridge 2004 The University of Texas at Austin Prepared for Presentation at 2004 Annual
More informationRules of Hockey5s including explanations
Rules of Hokey5s inluding explanations Effetive from 1 January 2015 (updated 18 May 2015) Copyright FIH 2015 The International Hokey Federation Rue du Valentin 61 CH 1004, Lausanne Switzerland Telephone:
More informationInvestigation on the Vortex Thermal Separation in a Vortex Tube Refrigerator
doi: 1.236/sieneasia13-1874.2.31.2 SieneAsia 31 (2): 2-223 Investigation on the Vortex Thermal Separation in a Vortex Tube Refrigerator Pongjet Promvonge* and Smith Eiamsa-ard Department of Mehanial Engineering,
More informationWind Energy Potential of Jordan
M. A. Alghoul et al. / International Energy Journal 8 (7) 7-78 7 Wind Energy Potential of Jordan M. A. Alghoul *, M.Y.Sulaiman +, B.Z.Azmi + and M. Abd. Wahab + www.serd.ait.a.th/reri Abstrat - The daily
More informationVortex Interaction and Roll-Up in Unsteady Flow past Tandem Airfoils
Journal of Applied Fluid Mehanis, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp. 387-31, 216. Available online at www.jafmonline.net, ISSN 1735-3572, EISSN 1735-3645. Vortex Interation and Roll-p in nsteady Flow past Tandem Airfoils
More informationMeasurement of Air Flow Rate in a Naturally Ventilated Double Skin Facade Larsen, Olena Kalyanova; Jensen, Rasmus Lund; Heiselberg, Per Kvols
Aalborg Universitet Measurement of Air Flow Rate in a Naturally Ventilated Double Skin Facade Larsen, Olena Kalyanova; Jensen, Rasmus Lund; Heiselberg, Per Kvols Published in: Proceedings of Roomvent 2007
More informationDynamic Responses of Floating Platform for Spar-type Offshore Wind Turbine: Numerical and Experimental
Dynami Responses of Floating Platform for Spar-type Offshore Wind Turbine: Numerial and Experimental *Jin-Rae Cho 1), Yang-Uk Cho ), Weui-Bong Jeong 3) Sin-Pyo Hong 3) and Ho-Hwan Chun 3) 1), ), 3) Shool
More informationRules of Beach Hockey including explanations
Rules of Beah Hokey inluding explanations Effetive from 1 June 2016 (updated 31 May 2016) Copyright FIH 2016 The International Hokey Federation Rue du Valentin 61 CH 1004, Lausanne Switzerland Telephone:
More informationAN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON NONLINEAR WAVE DYNAMICS: ROUGE WAVE GENERATION AND WAVE BLOCKING
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON NONLINEAR WAVE DYNAMICS: ROUGE WAVE GENERATION AND WAVE BLOCKING Wen-Yang Hsu, Igor Shugan, Wen-Son Chiang, Ray-Yeng Yang, Hwung-Hweng Hwung 2, Sergey Kuznetsov 3 and Yana Saprykina
More informationStability of Cubipod Armoured Roundheads in Short Crested Waves Burcharth, Hans Falk; Andersen, Thomas Lykke; Medina, Josep R.
Aalborg Universitet Stability of Cubipod Armoured Roundheads in Short Crested Waves Burcharth, Hans Falk; Andersen, Thomas Lykke; Medina, Josep R. Published in: Coastal Engineering 2010 Publication date:
More informationVaccine Storage and Handling Guidelines
Vaine Storage and Handling Guidelines Table of Contents 2 Introdution 3 Definitions 3 The Importane of the Cold Chain 3 Proteting Ontario s Vaine Supply 4 Maintaining Vaine Poteny and Minimizing Wastage
More informationME 425: AERODYNAMICS
ME 45: AERODYNAMICS - Dr. A.B.M. Toufique Hasan Professor Department of Mehanial Engineering, BUET Leture # 3 4 Otober, 6 http://teaher.buet.a.bd/toufiquehasan/ourses.php ME45: Aerodynamis Airfoil Nomenlature
More informationHURRICANE SANDY LIMITED REEVALUATION REPORT UNION BEACH, NEW JERSEY DRAFT ENGINEERING APPENDIX SUB APPENDIX E OVERTOPPING & FAILURE ANALYSIS
HURRICANE SANDY LIMITED REEVALUATION REPORT UNION BEACH, NEW JERSEY DRAFT ENGINEERING APPENDIX SUB APPENDIX E OVERTOPPING & FAILURE ANALYSIS Revised 18 Feb 2015 1 OVERTOPPING & FAILURE ANALYSIS 1.0 Introdution
More informationMECHANICAL INTEGRITY ASSESSMENT OF A LARGE HORIZONTAL NGL PRESSURE VESSEL: CASE STUDY
Abstrat MECHANICAL INEGRIY ASSESSMEN OF A LARGE HORIZONAL NGL PRESSURE VESSEL: CASE SUDY A methodology for assessing the strutural integrity of a large horizontal NGL (Natural Gas Liquid) vessel has been
More informationAalborg Universitet. Published in: Proceedings of Indoor Air Publication date: 2008
Aalborg Universitet The Influence of Draught on a Seat with Integrated Personalized Ventilation Nielsen, Peter Vilhelm; Barszcz, Ewa; Czarnota, Tomasz; Dymalski, Dariusz P.; Jasienski, Michal A.; Nowotka,
More information2. describe the airflow in high- and low-pressure systems, and explain how these motions create weather (pp );
11 Winds Learnin Goals After studyin this hapter, students should be able to: 1. show how ertain fores interat to produe the winds (pp. 49 56);. desribe the airflow in hih- and low-pressure systems, and
More informationAPPENDICES STRANDJACK WEDGES Friction coefficients, micro slip and handling
APPENDICES STRANDJACK WEDGES Frition oeffiients, miro slip and handling Report nr. DCT 2005-78 By: H.G.M.R. van Hoof Idnr : 501326 20 November, 2005 Researh strand jak wedges Appendies By H.G.M.R. van
More informationModelling the decrease in wave height over the shoreface due to slope-induced changes in bottom friction.
Chapter : Modelling the derease in wave height over the shorefae due to slope-indued hanges in bottom frition. Abstrat Wave height-redution on the shorefae is partly indued by frition at the bottom. The
More informationMODEL FOR PREDICTING BATHYMETRIC AND GRAIN SIZE CHANGES BASED ON BAGNOLD S CONCEPT AND EQUILIBRIUM SLOPE CORRESPONDING TO GRAIN SIZE COMPOSITION
MODEL FOR PREDICTING BATHYMETRIC AND GRAIN SIZE CHANGES BASED ON BAGNOLD S CONCEPT AND EQUILIBRIUM SLOPE CORRESPONDING TO GRAIN SIZE COMPOSITION Yasuhito Noshi, Takaaki Uda 2, Masumi Serizawa 3, Takayuki
More informationFREE-SURFACE AND SEEPAGE BUBBLY FLOWS ON A GABION STEPPED SPILLWAY WEIR: EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS
E-proeedings of the 36 th IAHR World Congress FREE-SURFACE AND SEEPAGE BUBBLY FLOWS ON A GABION STEPPED SPILLWAY WEIR: EXPERIMENTAL OBSERATIONS GANGFU ZHANG (1), & HUBERT CHANSON (2) (1) The University
More informationTHEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF "LEAK-BEFORE-BREAK" AS A CONCEPT IN PRESSURE VESSELS DESIGN. Šárka Pacholková a Howard Taylor b
METAL 00 14. 16. 5. 00, Hrade nad Moravií THEORETICAL BACGROUND OF "LEA-BEFORE-BREA" AS A CONCEPT IN PRESSURE VESSELS DESIGN Šárka Paholková a Howard Taylor b a VÚ- NOVÁ HUŤ, a.s., Vratimovská 689, 707
More informationDisplacement Ventilation effects of movement and exhalation Bjørn, Erik; Mattsson, Magnus; Sandberg, Mats; Nielsen, Peter Vilhelm
Downloaded from vbn.aau.dk on: januar 15, 2019 Aalborg Universitet Displacement Ventilation effects of movement and exhalation Bjørn, Erik; Mattsson, Magnus; Sandberg, Mats; Nielsen, Peter Vilhelm Publication
More informationGeneral Technical Data and Calculations
18 Bosh Rexroth AG R31EN 232 (26.4) General Produt Desription General Tehnial Data and Calulations Fores and load moments In Rexroth the running traks are arranged at a ompression angle of 45. This results
More informationLarge-Scale Conditions of Tibet Plateau Vortex Departure
Large-Sale Conditions of Tibet Plateau Vortex Departure ShuHua Yu WenLiang Gao ABSTRACT Based on the irumfluene situation of the out- and in- Tibet Plateau Vortex (TPV) from 1998-2004 and its weather-influening
More informationAIRFLOW GENERATION IN A TUNNEL USING A SACCARDO VENTILATION SYSTEM AGAINST THE BUOYANCY EFFECT PRODUCED BY A FIRE
- 247 - AIRFLOW GENERATION IN A TUNNEL USING A SACCARDO VENTILATION SYSTEM AGAINST THE BUOYANCY EFFECT PRODUCED BY A FIRE J D Castro a, C W Pope a and R D Matthews b a Mott MacDonald Ltd, St Anne House,
More informationCross Infection in Hospital Wards with Downward Ventilation - Different Locations of Return Openings without and with Partitions between Beds
Aalborg Universitet Cross Infection in Hospital Wards with Downward Ventilation - Different Locations of Return Openings without and with Partitions between Beds Nielsen, Peter Vilhelm; Li, Yuguo; Buus,
More informationRoboGolf (aka RoboPutting) Robofest 2016 Game
RooGolf (aka RooPutting) Roofest 201 Game 12-2-2015 V1.1 (Kik-off version. Offiial Version will e availale on Jan 8, 201) 4 3 2 1 a A. Game Synopsis Figure 1. RooGolf Playing Field (Jr. Division) There
More informationm. ANmYSIS OF RESULTS
Aordingly, the U. S. Government retains a nonexlusive, royaltyfree liense to publish Effets of Vertial Aperture on Beam Lifetime at the Advaned Photon Soure ( A P S ) Storage Ring* Hana M. Bizek Advaned
More informationAalborg Universitet. Published in: Proceedings of Offshore Wind 2007 Conference & Exhibition. Publication date: 2007
Aalborg Universitet Design Loads on Platforms on Offshore wind Turbine Foundations with Respect to Vertical Wave Run-up Damsgaard, Mathilde L.; Gravesen, Helge; Andersen, Thomas Lykke Published in: Proceedings
More informationEffect of the concentration distribution on the gaseous deflagration propagation in the case of hydrogen/oxygen mixture
Effet of the onentration distribution on the gaseous deflagration propagation in the ase of hydrogen/oxygen mixture Isabelle Sohet, Philippe Gillard, Florent Guelon To ite this version: Isabelle Sohet,
More informationSlow gas expansion in saturated natural porous media by gas injection and partitioning with nonaqueous
MMaster University From the SeletedWorks of Sarah E Dikson 2008 Slow gas expansion in saturated natural porous media by gas injetion and partitioning with nonaqueous phase liquids Kevin G Mumford, Queen's
More informationThe Optimal Control of a Periodic Adsorber:
., Natural Convetion in nonnewtonian Fluids Heated from Below, paper presented at First Paifi Chem. Eng. Congr. (1972). Samuels, M. R., Stability of a Fluid in a Long Horizontal, Retangular Cylinder Heated
More informationThe following excerpt are pages from the North American Product Technical Guide, Volume 2: Anchor Fastening, Edition 16.
The following exerpt are pages from the North Amerian Produt Tehnial Guide, Volume 2: Anhor Fastening, Edition 16. Please refer to the publiation in its entirety for omplete details on this produt inluding
More informationThe following excerpt are pages from the North American Product Technical Guide, Volume 2: Anchor Fastening, Edition 16.1.
The following exerpt are pages from the North Amerian Produt Tehnial Guide, Volume 2: Anhor Fastening, Edition 16.1. Please refer to the publiation in its entirety for omplete details on this produt inluding
More informationFINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF BLOOD FLOW AND APPLY OF PRESSURE IN THE HUMAN THUMB AND APPLICATIONS IN DISEASE INVENTION
CHAPER-II FINIE ELEMEN ANALYSIS OF BLOOD FLOW AND APPLY OF PRESSURE IN HE HUMAN HUMB AND APPLICAIONS IN DISEASE INVENION his Chapter Published in International Journal of Siene and Advaned ehnology (ISSN:
More informationIKGAtl Kenneth Grubb Associates Ltd
IKGAtl Kenneth Grubb Assoiates Ltd BURO HAPPOLD COPPERHOUSE SLUICE GATE DOCUMENT REVISION RECORD Doument Number: Number of Pages: Doument Title: Saved as: C0395/006/DOC 31 REPORT ON THE MECHANICAL SURVEY
More informationFull scale measurements of pressure equalization on air permeable façade elements
Full sale measurements of pressure equalization on air permeable façade elements Carine van Bentum, Chris Geurts Department of Strutural Dynamis, TNO, Delft, The Netherlands email: arine.vanbentum@tno.nl,
More informationImplementing Actuated Signal-Controlled Intersection Capacity Analysis with Pedestrians
Ipleenting Atuated Signal-Controlled Intersetion Capaity Analysis with Pedestrians DingXin Cheng, Zong Z. Tian, and Honghao Liu For an atuated signalized intersetion, pedestrian alls are likely to affet
More informationKumar et al. (2012) Ocean Modeling (doi: /j.ocemod )
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 Implementation of the vortex fore formalism in the Coupled Oean- Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment
More informationCFD SIMULATIONS OF GAS DISPERSION IN VENTILATED ROOMS
CFD SIMULATIONS OF GAS DISPERSION IN VENTILATED ROOMS T. Gélain, C. Prévost Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Saclay, France Abstract In order to better understand the risks due
More informationTrigonometry. terminal ray
terminal ray y Trigonometry Trigonometry is the study of triangles the relationship etween their sides and angles. Oddly enough our study of triangles egins with a irle. r 1 θ osθ P(x,y) s rθ sinθ x initial
More informationAspects of Using CFD for Wind Comfort Modeling Around Tall Buildings Rasmussen, Michael Robdrup; Andersen, Lars Vabbersgaard
Aalborg Universitet Aspects of Using CFD for Wind Comfort Modeling Around Tall Buildings Rasmussen, Michael Robdrup; Andersen, Lars Vabbersgaard Published in: Structural & Earthquake Engineering Publication
More informationME 425: Aerodynamics
ME 45: Aeroynamis Dr. A.B.M. Toufique Hasan Professor Department of Mehanial Engineering Banglaesh University of Engineering & Tehnology BUET, Dhaka Leture-6 /5/8 teaher.buet.a.b/toufiquehasan/ toufiquehasan@me.buet.a.b
More informationTHE EXAMINATION OF COMFORT AND CROSS INFECTION IN A DISPLACEMENT VENTILATED ROOM
THE EXAMINATION OF COMFORT AND CROSS INFECTION IN A DISPLACEMENT VENTILATED ROOM Piotr Grzelecki Master Thesis on Indoor Environmental Engineering Aalborg University The Faculty of Engineering and Science
More informationDriver Decision Making at Traffic Signals
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD 1172 93 Driver Deision Making at Traffi Signals RICHARD VAN DER HORST The driving task at signalized road intersetions is simplified substantially over that at nonsignalized
More informationEffectiveness of a law to reduce alcohol-impaired driving in Japan
1 Takemi Program, Department of International Health, Harvard Shool of Publi Health, Boston, MA, USA; 2 Department of Emergeny Mediine, St Mary s Hospital, Kurume, Japan; 3 Division of Pharmaoepidemiology
More informationTHE AIRCRAFT SEAT AS INDOOR AIR QUALITY AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM
THE AIRCRAFT SEAT AS INDOOR AIR QUALITY AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM P Jacobs *, WF de Gids Department of Building Physics Indoor Environment and Energy TNO Environment and Geosciences Delft, 2600 AA,
More informationEffect of airflow direction on human perception of draught
Effect of airflow direction on human perception of draught J. Toftum, G. Zhou, A. Melikov Laboratory of Indoor Environment and Energy Department of Energy Engineering Technical University of Denmark Abstract
More informationIN MANY materials processing and manufacturing situations such
journal J. Am. Ceram. So., 86 [8] 1313 20 (2003) Radiation Charateristis of Glass Containing Gas Bubbles Laurent Pilon* Mehanial and Aerospae Engineering Department, Henri Samueli Shool of Engineering
More informationCongruence Axioms. Data Required for Solving Oblique Triangles. 1 of 8 8/6/ THE LAW OF SINES
1 of 8 8/6/2004 8.1 THE LAW OF SINES 8.1 THE LAW OF SINES Congrueny and Olique Triangles Derivation of the Law of Sines Appliations Amiguous Case Area of a Triangle Until now, our work with triangles has
More informationINTERACTION BETWEEN WIND-DRIVEN AND BUOYANCY-DRIVEN NATURAL VENTILATION Bo Wang, Foster and Partners, London, UK
INTERACTION BETWEEN WIND-DRIVEN AND BUOYANCY-DRIVEN NATURAL VENTILATION Bo Wang, Foster and Partners, London, UK ABSTRACT Ventilation stacks are becoming increasingly common in the design of naturally
More informationStabilized Fly Ash Base
8 TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD 144 Performane Evaluation of a Cement Stabilied Fly Ash Base. H. GRAY, E. TONS, AND T. R. THIRUVENGADAM The performane of a ompated, aggregate-free, ement-stabilied fly
More informationHeadwater elevation water surface elevation just. Tailwater elevation water surface elevation just
: Culvert Hydraulis Bob Pitt University of Alabama and Sirley Clark Penn State - Harrisburg Culvert Flow Culvert Systems Culverts typially used in roadway rossings and detention pond outlets. Headwater
More informationFatsa Faculty of Marine Sciences, Ordu University, Fatsa/Ordu, Turkey; 3 Faculty of Fisheries, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey;
Indian Journal of Marine Sienes Vol. 39(1), Marh 2010, pp. 43-48 Comparison of biologial harateristis of the horse Makerel (Trahurus trahurus L. 1758) whih aught of different fishing gears in the Southern
More informationMODELING THE PERFORMANCE OF PERSONALIZED VENTILATION UNDER DIFFERENT ROOM AIRFLOWS
Ninth International IBPSA Conference Montréal, Canada August 15-18, 2005 MODELING THE PERFORMANCE OF PERSONALIZED VENTILATION UNDER DIFFERENT ROOM AIRFLOWS Naiping Gao *, Jianlei Niu Department of Building
More informationBKTA: 3-way change-over ball valve (T) with male thread, PN 40
BKTA: 3-way hange-over ball valve (T) with male thread, PN 40 ow energy effiieny is improved Effiieny means preise hangeover with minimum leakage Features 3-way hange-over ball valve with T-bore for use
More informationJack Blanton, Julie Amft, Peter Verity. Georgia Marine Science Center University System of Georgia Skidaway Island, Georgia
Tehnial Report Series Number94-1 TheMay93 North Edisto Ingress Experiment (NED1) Jak Blanton, Julie Amft, Peter Verity 31 31 Georgia Marine Siene Center University System of Georgia Skidaway Island, Georgia
More informationStudy on wind turbine arrangement for offshore wind farms
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Jul 01, 2018 Study on wind turbine arrangement for offshore wind farms Shen, Wen Zhong; Mikkelsen, Robert Flemming Published in: ICOWEOE-2011 Publication date: 2011 Document
More informationComplex terrain wind resource estimation with the wind-atlas method: Prediction errors using linearized and nonlinear CFD micro-scale models
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Dec 17, 2017 Complex terrain wind resource estimation with the wind-atlas method: Prediction errors using linearized and nonlinear CFD micro-scale models Troen, Ib; Bechmann,
More informationNOAA Technical Report NESDIS 81 QUALITY CONTROL AND PROCESSING OF HISTORICAL OCEANOGRAPHIC TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, AND OXYGEN DATA
NOAA Tehnial Report NESDIS 81 QUALITY CONTROL AND PROCESSING OF HISTORICAL OCEANOGRAPHIC TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, AND OXYGEN DATA Timothy Boyer and Sydney Levitus National Oeanographi Data Center Oean Climate
More informationAalborg Universitet. Ice Control with Brine on Highways Bolet, Lars. Publication date: 2008
Aalborg Universitet Ice Control with Brine on Highways Bolet, Lars Publication date: 2008 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication from Aalborg University Citation
More informationAN UNPROTECTED human organism is not adaptable to the
JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT Vol. 47, No. 2, Marh April 2010 Airraft Deompression with Installed Cokpit Seurity Door Nihad E. Daidzi and Matthew P. Simones Minnesota State University, Mankato, Minnesota 56001 DOI:
More informationHarbour Dues (Pleasure Vessels, House Boats, Large Commercial Yachts and Tall Ships) Regulations 2013
Harbour Dues (Pleasure Vessels, House Boats, Large Commerial Yahts and Tall Ships) Regulations 2013 Index HARBOUR DUES (PLEASURE VESSELS, HOUSE BOATS, LARGE COMMERCIAL YACHTS AND TALL SHIPS) REGULATIONS
More informationABNORMAL GAIT CLASSIFICATION USING SILHOUETTES
ABNORMAL GAIT CLASSIFICATION USING SILHOUETTES S. M. H. Sithi Shameem Fathima and R. S. D. Wahida Banu 2 Syed Ammal Engineering College, Ramanathapuram, Tamilnadu, India 2 Government College of Engineering,
More informationANALYSES OF THERMAL COMFORT AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY UNDER STRATUM, DISPLACEMENT, AND MIXING VENTILATION SYSTEMS
3 rd International Conference on Energy Systems and Technologies 16 19 Feb. 2015, Cairo, Egypt ANALYSES OF THERMAL COMFORT AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY UNDER STRATUM, DISPLACEMENT, AND MIXING VENTILATION SYSTEMS
More informationBio-Effluents Tracing in Ventilated Aircraft Cabins
Excerpt from the Proceedings of the COMSOL Conference 2009 Milan Bio-Effluents Tracing in Ventilated Aircraft Cabins Petrone G. *, Cammarata L., Cammarata G. Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering,
More informationAalborg Universitet. Passive Smoking in a Displacement Ventilated Room Bjørn, Erik; Nielsen, Peter Vilhelm. Publication date: 1997
Aalborg Universitet Passive Smoking in a Displacement Ventilated Room Bjørn, Erik; Nielsen, Peter Vilhelm Publication date: 1997 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to
More informationExperimental Study on the Limits of Flow Regimes for Different Configurations of Stepped Spillway
Civil and Environmental Researh Experimental Study on the Limits of Flow Regimes for Different Configurations of Stepped Spillway Najm Obaid Salim Alghazali 1*, Salam M. Jasim 2 1. Asst. Prof. Dotor, Civil
More informationAalborg Universitet. Publication date: Document Version Accepted author manuscript, peer reviewed version
Aalborg Universitet Automatic Detection Of Conflicts At Signalized Intersections Madsen, Tanja Kidholm Osmann; Bahnsen, Chris Holmberg; Lahrmann, Harry Spaabæk; Moeslund, Thomas B. Publication date: 2014
More informationNUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE FLOW BEHAVIOUR IN A MODERN TRAFFIC TUNNEL IN CASE OF FIRE INCIDENT
- 277 - NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE FLOW BEHAVIOUR IN A MODERN TRAFFIC TUNNEL IN CASE OF FIRE INCIDENT Iseler J., Heiser W. EAS GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany ABSTRACT A numerical study of the flow behaviour
More informationCharacteristics of Decompression Tank Internally Pressurized With Water Using OpenFOAM Syamsuri 1, a
Applied Mechanics and Materials Submitted: 2015-11-26 ISSN: 1662-7482, Vol. 836, pp 3-8 Accepted: 2016-01-27 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.836.3 Online: 2016-06-01 2016 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
More informationNumerical Simulation And Aerodynamic Performance Comparison Between Seagull Aerofoil and NACA 4412 Aerofoil under Low-Reynolds 1
Advances in Natural Science Vol. 3, No. 2, 2010, pp. 244-20 www.cscanada.net ISSN 171-7862 [PRINT] ISSN 171-7870 [ONLINE] www.cscanada.org *The 3rd International Conference of Bionic Engineering* Numerical
More informationSteady State Comparisons HAWC2 v12.5 vs HAWCStab2 v2.14: Integrated and distributed aerodynamic performance
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Jan 29, 219 Steady State Comparisons v12.5 vs v2.14: Integrated and distributed aerodynamic performance Verelst, David Robert; Hansen, Morten Hartvig; Pirrung, Georg Publication
More informationThe following excerpt are pages from the North American Product Technical Guide, Volume 2: Anchor Fastening, Edition 17.
The following exerpt are pages from the North Amerian Produt Tehnial Guide, Volume 2: Anhor Fastening, Edition 17. Please refer to the publiation in its entirety for omplete details on this produt inluding
More informationarxiv:cond-mat/ v1 [cond-mat.stat-mech] 28 Nov 1997
Coeffiient of normal restitution of visous partiles and ooling arxiv:ond-mat/9733v [ond-mat.stat-meh] 8 Nov 997 rate of granular gases Thomas Shwager and Thorsten Pöshel Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin,
More informationVKR: 2-way regulating ball valve with female thread, PN 40
Produt data sheet 7.1 56.090 VKR: 2-way regulating ball valve with female thread, PN 40 ow energy effiieny is improved Effiieny means preise ontrol and working with minimum leakage Features 2-way regulating
More informationSurvey Assessment of Semi-pelagic Gadoids: The Example of Walleye Pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, in the Eastern Bering Sea
Survey Assessment of Semi-pelagi Gadoids: The Example of Walleye Pollok, Theragra halogramma, in the Eastern Bering Sea WILLIAM A KARP and GARY E WALTERS Introdution Diret assessment provides essential
More informationAalborg Universitet. Estimation of wave conditions at Liseleje location Bogarino, Bruno; Brorsen, Michael. Publication date: 2007
Aalborg Universitet Estimation of wave conditions at Liseleje location Bogarino, Bruno; Brorsen, Michael Publication date: 27 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication
More informationAIRFLOW AND TEMPERATURE FIELD CALCULATIONS FOR WINTER SPORTS FACILITIES
AIRFLOW AND TEMPERATURE FIELD CALCULATIONS FOR WINTER SPORTS FACILITIES Andrea Frisque* Stantec Consulting, Vancouver BC V6B6A3, Canada Rowan, Williams, Davies & Irwin (RWDI), Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1K5, Canada**
More informationProceedings of the ASME th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis ESDA2014 June 25-27, 2014, Copenhagen, Denmark
Proceedings of the ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis ESDA2014 June 25-27, 2014, Copenhagen, Denmark ESDA2014-20042 UNSTEADY FLOW SIMULATION IN SUCTION MUFFLER
More information