2016 IAFC HAZMAT CONFERENCE - Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies

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1 Responding to Bulk Compressed Natural Gas Emergencies Chris Christopoulos, Jr. Lebanon Fire Department Lebanon, NH INTRODUCTION 1 Bio Chris Christopoulos, Jr. Chris Christopoulos, Jr. is a 34 year veteran of fire service and is currently the Fire Chief and Emergency Management Director for the City of Lebanon, New Hampshire. Chris chairs the Hanover-Lebanon Local Emergency Planning Committee, Regional Hazardous Materials Response Team, and represents the New Hampshire Fire Chiefs on the Governor s Advisory Council on Preparedness and Security. Chris is the author of a white paper, Portable Pipelines for Emergency Responders ( and has delivered training on portable pipelines and bulk highway cargo tank transportation for over 1000 emergency responders throughout the United States. Chris is a graduate of Mount Wachusett Community College in Garner, MA with an Associates of Fire Science, Granite State College in Concord, NH with a Bachelor s of Science in Emergency Services Management, and the Naval Post Graduate School, Center for Homeland Defense and Security in Monterey, CA with a Master of Arts in Security Studies. INTRODUCTION 2 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION 3 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 1

2 Course Objectives Given a scenario / P-P container the responder shall identify the container using the Container Awareness Card: Container Type Name / Class Identify the materials it could be carrying Identify hazard class found in the container Capacity weight / volume / pressure Given a scenario / container the responder shall identify the Portable Pipeline container: Markings on the container Operating valves / mechanisms Emergency valve, shutoffs or pressure relief devices on the container Methods for determining the pressure in the containers The amount of lading remaining in damaged containers (if possible) INTRODUCTION 4 Course Objectives Given a scenario / P-P container the responder shall be able to notify the appropriate owner of the Portable Pipeline container. Given a scenario the responder shall identify the components and safety features of a CNG Bulk Compression Station (Mother Station). Given a scenario the responder shall identify the components and safety features of a CNG Bulk Decompression Station (Daughter Station). INTRODUCTION 5 Portable Pipeline Sometimes called a Virtual Pipeline, is method for supplying natural gas to areas not serviced by a traditional pipeline. INTRODUCTION 6 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 2

CNG Portable Pipeline Supply Compression Transport

Reduced CO2 Emissions 18% less than propane 38% less than

3 CNG Portable Pipeline Supply Compression Transport Decompression INTRODUCTION 7 Storage Portable Pipeline - Advantages Why use a portable pipeline? Abundance Low Cost General 30-40% High Horsepower 50-70% Reduced CO2 Emissions 18% less than propane 38% less than fuel oil INTRODUCTION 8 Portable Pipeline Applications- Hospital INTRODUCTION 9 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 3

4 Portable Pipeline - Industrial INTRODUCTION 10 Portable Pipeline - Industrial INTRODUCTION 11 Portable Pipeline High Horsepower Equipment INTRODUCTION 12 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 4

5 Portable Pipeline Small Retail INTRODUCTION 13 Components of a Portable Pipeline INTRODUCTION 14 CNG Portable Pipeline Supply Compression Transport Decompression INTRODUCTION 15 Storage Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 5

6 Supply INTRODUCTION 16 Compression Station INTRODUCTION 17 Compression Station INTRODUCTION 18 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 6

Northeast Bulk CNG Compressor Stations Baileyville, Maine (active) Bangor, ME (active) Eliot, Maine (active) Milton, Vermont (active) Pembroke, NH (active) Manheim, NY (active) Concord, NH (not

7 Northeast Bulk CNG Compressor Stations Baileyville, Maine (active) Bangor, ME (active) Eliot, Maine (active) Milton, Vermont (active) Pembroke, NH (active) Manheim, NY (active) Concord, NH (not active) Worcester, MA (not active) Montoursville, PA (not active) Concord, NH (not active) INTRODUCTION 19 CNG Highway Cargo Tanks Type I Cylinder Trailer Type II Cylinder Trailer Type III Cylinder Trailer/Module Type IV Cylinder Trailer/Module INTRODUCTION 20 Bulk CNG End User Sites INTRODUCTION 21 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 7

Northeast CNG End User Sites 1st End User sites

isle, me (XNG) 2 3 10 7 2 1 11 INTRODUCTION 22

23 CNG Decompression Daughter Station High

8 Northeast CNG End User Sites 1st End User sites March 2013 Putney, VT (NGA) May 2013 Presque isle, me (XNG) INTRODUCTION 22 CNG Decompression Daughter Station INTRODUCTION 23 CNG Decompression Daughter Station High Temperature Glycol Heater INTRODUCTION 24 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 8

9 CNG Decompression Daughter Station Natural Gas Heater INTRODUCTION 25 CNG Decompression Daughter Station INTRODUCTION 26 CNG Decompression Daughter Station INTRODUCTION 27 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 9

10 Type I & Type II Cylinder Trailer INTRODUCTION 28 CNG - Type I Tube Trailer INTRODUCTION 29 CNG - Type I Tube Trailer High Pressure Steel Cylinders Tubes are 22 inches in diameter and 36 feet long Normal Operating Pressure 2,400 to 3,299 psi Wall thickness between.510 and.647 inches Capacity 179,221 Standard cubic feet (8 tube configuration) INTRODUCTION 30 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 10

CNG - Type I Tube Trailer INTRODUCTION 31 CNG - Type I

maximum working pressure approximately 4,589 psi

11 CNG - Type I Tube Trailer INTRODUCTION 31 CNG - Type I Tube Trailer Pressure relief devices are located at the front of the trailer on each cylinder. PRD s have a burst disc that will rupture 5/3 of maximum working pressure approximately 4,589 psi INTRODUCTION 32 CNG - Type I Tube Trailer INTRODUCTION 33 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 11

12 CNG - Type I Tube Trailer INTRODUCTION 34 CNG - Type I Tube Trailer INTRODUCTION 35 CNG Type II Cylinder Trailer INTRODUCTION 36 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 12

Pressure 3,600 PSI INTRODUCTION 37 CNG Type II Cylinder Trailer Pressure relief devices are located at the front of the trailer on

13 CNG Type II Cylinder Trailer Cylinder has a wall thickness of.401 inches. Capacity 10 tube = 257,225 standard cubic feet (80,000 # GVW) 12 tube = 333,489 standard cubic feet (100,000 # GVW) Operating Pressure 3,600 PSI INTRODUCTION 37 CNG Type II Cylinder Trailer Pressure relief devices are located at the front of the trailer on each cylinder. PRD s have a burst disc that will rupture 5/3 of maximum working pressure approximately 6,012 psi INTRODUCTION 38 CNG Type II Cylinder Trailer INTRODUCTION 39 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 13

trailer manifold Total Capacity 440,700 standard cubic feet Cylinders 14 diameter x 9 long Normal Operating Pressure 3600 psi @ 59

14 Type III Cylinder Trailer INTRODUCTION 40 CNG Type III Cylinder Trailer INTRODUCTION 41 CNG Type III Cylinder Trailer Aluminum Cylinder wound with Carbon Fiber POD s contain 30 Cylinders 5 POD s per trailer = 150 cylinders POD s are connected to a main trailer manifold Total Capacity 440,700 standard cubic feet Cylinders 14 diameter x 9 long Normal Operating Pressure F Maximum Working Pressure 3,600 to 7,500 psi Hydro testing every 5 years Service Life 15 years INTRODUCTION 42 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 14

15 CNG Type III Cylinder Trailer Rear View Open Doors INTRODUCTION 43 Rear View Closed Doors CNG Type III Cylinder Trailer INTRODUCTION 44 CNG Type III Cylinder Trailer Main Manifold INTRODUCTION 45 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 15

16 CNG Type III Cylinder Trailer INTRODUCTION 46 CNG Type III Cylinder Trailer PRD s activate at 5/3 MAWP (6,012 psi) PRD s Vent into the frame of the POD Pressure Relief Device Burst Disk Pressure Relief Device Vents INTRODUCTION 47 CNG Type III Cylinder Trailer INTRODUCTION 48 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 16

Type IV Cylinder Module INTRODUCTION 49 CNG Type IV Cylinder Module High Density Polyethylene Liner wrapped in an epoxy carbon fiber outer shell INTRODUCTION 50 CNG Type IV Cylinder Module Hexagon

17 Type IV Cylinder Module INTRODUCTION 49 CNG Type IV Cylinder Module High Density Polyethylene Liner wrapped in an epoxy carbon fiber outer shell INTRODUCTION 50 CNG Type IV Cylinder Module Hexagon Lincoln TITAN Module Hexagon Lincoln TITAN Module 4 cylinders 42.5 in diameter x 38.5 long Normal Operating Pressure 3, F Module Capacity 355,440 standard cubic feet 8,938 Gallon Water Capacity Must always maintain minimum of 100 psi Hydro testing every 5 years Service Life of 15 years (extendable to 30 years) Equipped with an Emergency Thermal Venting System Pressure Relief Valve Burst Disks 140 in United States 470 Worldwide INTRODUCTION 51 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 17

18 TITAN Module Mounted on Flatbed without side panels INTRODUCTION 52 TITAN Module Mounted on Flatbed with side panels INTRODUCTION 53 Compass Natural Gas Partners - TITAN Module panels INTRODUCTION 54 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 18

Natural Gas Advantage - TITAN Module panels INTRODUCTION 55

System (Emergency Thermal Venting System) Invented by Erick

contracts at 226 F System vents all cylinders simultaneously 45

19 Natural Gas Advantage - TITAN Module panels INTRODUCTION 55 Xpress Natural Gas TITAN Module INTRODUCTION 56 Fire Protection System (Emergency Thermal Venting System) Invented by Erick Girouard, Emcara Development Corp, Canada Wire trigger system contracts at 226 F System vents all cylinders simultaneously minutes for a full module INTRODUCTION 57 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 19

20 Location of ETVS Wire INTRODUCTION 58 ETVS System Actuator INTRODUCTION 59 (pre 2014) INTRODUCTION 60 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 20

21 2015 TITAN Bias Actuated Valve INTRODUCTION 61 CNG TITAN EVTS Venting Cannot be stopped minutes ¾ Vent Ports INTRODUCTION 62 Rear Burst Disc 4750 psi Removed as of early 2016 INTRODUCTION 63 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 21

22 Burst Disks INTRODUCTION 64 Pressure Relief Valve Only active during loading & offloading Activates at 4500 psi Reseats at 4200 psi Pressure Relief Valve INTRODUCTION 65 Pressure Relief Valve INTRODUCTION 66 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 22

Front Flange INTRODUCTION 67 Titan 5 Trailer INTRODUCTION 68 Titan 5 Trailer None

Titan Tanks 4 40 ft. Titan Tanks 4 40 ft. Titan Tanks 1 30 ft. Titan Tank 1 30 ft.

Titan Tank 0 TUFFSHELL Tanks 8 TUFFSHELL Tanks 9 TUFFSHELL Tanks 424,513 scf CNG

23 Front Flange INTRODUCTION 67 Titan 5 Trailer INTRODUCTION 68 Titan 5 Trailer None in currently in service in US 40 ft. 40 ft. Magnum 40 ft. Magnum ft. Titan Tanks 4 40 ft. Titan Tanks 4 40 ft. Titan Tanks 1 30 ft. Titan Tank 1 30 ft. Titan Tank 1 30 ft. Titan Tank 0 TUFFSHELL Tanks 8 TUFFSHELL Tanks 9 TUFFSHELL Tanks 424,513 scf CNG 462,177 scf CNG 466,885 scf CNG Loaded weight 64,676 lb Loaded weight 69,359 lb Loaded weight 69,960 lb INTRODUCTION 69 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 23

st Responder Challenges No Thermal or Remote Shutdown

24 Titan XL Approx. 525,000 standard cubic feet of CNG 3,600 psi Venting time = 1 hour Several in use in Mexico Expected USDOT Special Permit fall 2016 INTRODUCTION 70 CNG TITAN 1 st Responder Challenges No Thermal or Remote Shutdown INTRODUCTION 71 Remote Shut Down - Pneumatic INTRODUCTION 72 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 24

Thermal Valve Only on trailers equipped with the pneumatic

INTRODUCTION 73 New Hampshire Requirements New rear view

25 Thermal Valve Only on trailers equipped with the pneumatic remote shut down. Will also activate if the blue fusible link is subjected to 336 F This will stop the flow to the main manifold. INTRODUCTION 73 New Hampshire Requirements New rear view with thermal valve INTRODUCTION 74 Remote Shut Down - Mechanical INTRODUCTION 75 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 25

Air Brake Interlock Not a standard feature

26 Air Brake Interlock Not a standard feature Prohibits trailer movement when rear doors are open INTRODUCTION 76 XNG Brake Interlock INTRODUCTION 77 Break Away Hose Fittings Not standard must be ordered as an add on feature INTRODUCTION 78 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 26

27 Hose Break Protection XNG INTRODUCTION 79 Hose Break Protection NGA INTRODUCTION 80 Bonding and Grounding INTRODUCTION 81 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 27

1st Responder Challenges CNG Mother and Daughter Sites Methane

Requirements INTRODUCTION 82 1st Responder Challenges CNG End

Responder Challenges Flame Detection Some sites may be

28 1st Responder Challenges CNG Mother and Daughter Sites Methane Detectors 25% of LEL 50% of LEL PPM No specific Fire Code Requirements INTRODUCTION 82 1st Responder Challenges CNG End User Site Plymouth State University INTRODUCTION 83 1st Responder Challenges Flame Detection Some sites may be equipped with infrared flame detectors INTRODUCTION 84 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 28

1st Responder Challenges Remote Master Stream Devices Some local jurisdictions required the

INTRODUCTION 85 CNG TITAN 1st Responder Challenges Identification INTRODUCTION 86 Vents along

Incorporated U tank type container 1st Numbers Serial Number 2nd Number (in box) Check Digit 3rd

29 1st Responder Challenges Remote Master Stream Devices Some local jurisdictions required the installation of remotely operable master stream devices. INTRODUCTION 85 CNG TITAN 1st Responder Challenges Identification INTRODUCTION 86 Vents along top of box on both sides Bureau of International Containers Code LCIU Lincoln Composites Incorporated U tank type container 1st Numbers Serial Number 2nd Number (in box) Check Digit 3rd Numbers/Letters Container Size 4 = 40 feet long 0 = 8 feet high T = Tank Container 9 = Minimum Pressure TBD INTRODUCTION 87 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 29

Fueled Tractors INTRODUCTION 89 Response

30 CNG TITAN 1st Responder Challenges Venting Cannot be stopped minutes ¾ Vent Ports INTRODUCTION 88 CNG 1st Responder Challenges XNG Operating CNG Fueled Tractors INTRODUCTION 89 Response Considerations INTRODUCTION 90 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 30

Response Considerations Gas Release Natural Gas is lighter than air Mercaptan may separate from venting gas and is heavier than

temperatures & static electricity Use of water to control vapors may freeze vent ports or increase rate of decompression

with No Fire Isolate 330 feet in all directions Evacuate ½ mile downwind Leak with Fire Isolate 330 feet in all directions

31 Response Considerations Gas Release Natural Gas is lighter than air Mercaptan may separate from venting gas and is heavier than air Venting cylinders can be recognized by high pitched gas release noise Rapid Decompression can create extremely cold temperatures & static electricity Use of water to control vapors may freeze vent ports or increase rate of decompression Control potential ignition sources INTRODUCTION 91 Response Considerations Isolation and Evacuation based on ERG Guide 115 Leak with No Fire Isolate 330 feet in all directions Evacuate ½ mile downwind Leak with Fire Isolate 330 feet in all directions Evacuate 1 mile downwind INTRODUCTION 92 Response Consideration Up-righting Module Controlled Venting INTRODUCTION 93 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 31

Chris Christopoulos, Jr. Lebanon Fire Department (603) 448-8810 chris.christopoulos@lebcity.

32 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. Lebanon Fire Department (603) INTRODUCTION 94 Chris Christopoulos, Jr. 32

Virtual Pipeline Emergency Response Guide

Virtual Pipeline Emergency Response Guide Use in conjunction with ERG 2016 Guide 115 Revised: November 2018 Rev C Preface The intent of this guide is to provide information to help you respond to emergency