U.S. Navy Marine Species Monitoring Program

Transcription

1 U.S. Navy Marine Species Monitoring Program Tis is a work product for te purpose of tecnical review. All data and information in tis presentation is preliminary and sould not be cited or reproduced witout first contacting te presenter. All field work is conducted under appropriate permits under ESA/MMPA. Please visit te US Navy Marine Species Monitoring Program web portal for additional information on tis project US Navy Marine Species Monitoring Program Annual Tecnical Review Meeting San Diego, CA Marc 2016

2 PMRF PASSIVE ACOUSTIC MONITORING DURING ASW EXERCISES presented at te 2015 US Navy Marine Species Monitoring Tecnical Review Meeting, San Diego, CA presented by Stepen Martin, NMMF Marc 16, 2016 Team members: Liz Henderson, Tyler Helble, Roanne Manzano-Rot (SPAWAR Systems Center Pacific) and Brian Matsuyama & Cameron Martin (NMMF).

3 Presentation overview History of MFAS analysis during US Navy Before-During-After experimental paradigm Current metods of estimating RL Est. RL exposures 2 fin, 1 minke Feb 15-16, 2015 Est. RL exposures 1 minke 17 Feb 2015 onset of SCC pase B MFAS Feb 2016 onset of SCC MFAS preliminary analysis Summary & Conclusions Future efforts

4 History On-line reports estimating Receive Levels on marine mammals at PMRF from are available at: ttp:// Hawaii Regional Complex reports Martin and Kok, Analysis for Marine Mammals Before, During and After te Feb 2011 Submarine Commanders Course Training Exercise, Appendix N to 2011 yearly report. Metods for estimating exposures wic may be applied to any localized animal (e.g. PAM, MMO, aerial sigting). Focus period of 90 min of data 17 Feb Identified importance of: surface ducted propagation at PMRF and relative bearing of animal w.r.t. MFAS sip eading Provided est. RL for minke wale, umpback wale, unident wale for two propagation models (ray trace and sonar equation) wit levels between 141 to 162 db re 1 micropascal (rms) Identified importance of model validation using in-situ acoustic data collection (estimated a 7dB bottom PMRF for ~ 3 khz)

5 From Martin and Kok min focus period for exposures PAM minke wale-16 boings PAM umpback one loc MMO unidentified wales

6 History (cont.) 2012 On-line reports re monitoring during US Navy training Martin and Manzano-Rot Estimated acoustic exposures on marine mammals sigted during a US Naval training event in Feb 2011 Refined metods applicable to MMO & aerial sigtings (sigting accuracy, delta time MFAS to animal location, animal movement) Compared PCIMAT estimates wit sonar equation w/ducting and sperical to cylindrical spreading Martin et al Estimating Sound Pressure Levels tat Acoustically Detected Beaked Wales Were Exposed to During a US Naval Training Event in Hawaiian Waters, Feb bw group dives from Feb 2011 est. RL s using PCIMAT sowing strong surface ducting localize to ydropone location +/-6 km

7 From Martin and Manzano-Rot 2012, estimated RLs on aerial and Sip board marine mammal sigtings from Feb 2011 SCC using sonar equation and ray trace model Higest est RL observed to date for sipboard MMOs and Humpback wale group off bow

8 History (cont.) 2013 On-line reports re monitoring during US Navy training Manzano-Rot et al. Impacts of a U.S. Navy training event on beaked wales in Hawaiian waters, Feb 2012 SCC, 258 Md group dives & 31 Cross Seamount type dives, PCIMAT, 10 dives during MFAS 13 to 52 km distant w/ large variation in est. RLs again sowing strong surface ducting, istorical and in-situ SVP issues 2014 On-line reports re monitoring during US Navy training Martin et al. Minke wales respond to navy training, large study area >3800 km 2, , reduced min. density of minke wales during MFAS training (pase B of SCC). Navy annual report -> JASA 135(5) Baird et al., Assessment of Modeled Received Sound Pressure Levels and Movements of Satellite-Tagged Odontocetes Exposed to MFAS at te Pacific Missile Range Facility: February 2011 Troug February Henderson et al. Impacts of U.S. Navy Training Events on Beaked Wale Foraging Dives in Hawaiian Waters: Update

9 minke wales respond to navy training 766 r data from multiple ydropones Feb 3 years DD min (95% CI) in 3,780 sq.km study area count localized individuals Feb 2011 Feb 2012 Feb 2013 Before 3.64 ( ) During ΦA Betwee n During ΦB 2.81 ( ) 2.77 ( ) 2.04 ( ) ( ) NA NA 1.58 ( ) 0.69 ( ) After 4.44 ( ) 0.7 ( ) 2.08 ( ) 0.06 ( ) 1.41 ( )

10 Before During After paradigm (issues re oter training events) Feb 2015 (SCC ΦA 11 t -13 t, Φ B 17 t -20 t ) AND SUBEX 5 t, AirASWEX 9 t -10 t, NSFS Gunnery & MFAS ASW CERTEX 15 t Feb 2016 (SCC Φ A 10 t 12 t, Φ B 15 t 18 t ) AND 9 t SUBEX , AIRASWEX P3, LMR OASIS REMUS ACOMS 14 Feb a few ours. Gunex planned for 19 t Feb. and uncontrollable factors suc as prey abundance and.

11 Killer Wales on mid BSURE Feb 2016 before SCC training event Pones K5/J4/K4 10 Feb ~1400 local time

12 17 sec data pone K04 on 10 Feb midnigt GMT Includes distant sperm wale clicks, minke boing,

13 Killer Wales on mid BSURE Feb 2016 before SCC training event Pones K5/J4/K4 10 Feb ~midnigt local time Robin Baird: report of killer wales in te area post SCC. Similar to signals in Simonis et al. JASA 131(4) Hig frequency modulated signals of killer wales in te nort Pacific Similar to signals in Filatova et al. JASA 132(6) Ultrasonic wistles of killer wales in te Nort Pacific. Results mentioned pieces of tissue (from possible unidentified prey) observed floating on te waters surface midway troug 2 encounter near Bering Island (western Nort Pacific).

14 Updated Metods (late ): Need sip positions & time of MFAS & wale localizations Auto-localize fin, sei, Bryde s, umpback & sperm wales, manual and semi-auto tracking of locs Delta time between sonar pulse and animal location Propagation models (Peregrine & sonar equation) to estimate RL at animals batc mode (previously PCIMAT) Required as no Acoustic tag on animal Peregrine provides a vector of estimates over distance allowing statistical description of sound field Future need more samples, possible to account for eac ping from multiple sips and est. cumulative SEL on multiple animals present at different distances from MFAS training.

15 Relatively new restrictions New direction Dec 2015 re unclassified information Unable to say ow many MFAS sips involved wen > 1 Unable to say wic sonar types (e.g. 53C, 56) used. Current approac was reviewed and got confirmation re suitability for unclassified reporting

16 Recent samples of exposures Feb 2015 SCC related (in 2015 year end report) Feb 2016 SCC related VERY preliminary analysis

17 Two fin wales & one minke wale exposures Feb 2015 Plan view display Single sip MFAS training vs. Mk30 target ~ 2 MFAS (15 Feb 22:34 Z- 16 Feb 00:30 Z) Wale 1 fin: 14km distant Calling ~ 1 before MFAS and stops at onset of MFAS Est. RL 156dB Wale 2 fin: begins calling after onset of MFAS, continues trougout MFAS to 00:21 (1 46 min), stopped w/sip 3km away, est. RL 167 db re upa Wale 3 minke: starts calling at end of MFAS activity 19 km to sout est. RL of 156 db (but astern MFAS sip) Tis animal continues calling for min to start of SCC p B.

18 Minke wales tracks after ASWEX to before start of SCC ΦB (surface sip MFAS) Number of valid tracks: Histogram minke wale 3 boing ICI e Track number: # occurrences 308 separate boings 35.7, ICI =416.1s (189.2s ) ICI time (s) ICI (sec) auto corrected ICI (sec) speed (m/s) localization number relative time of localization (sec) x rel time x 10 4

19 Onset of SCC pase B 17 Feb 2015 ~12:00 GMT Situational Display Multiple sip MFAS training SCC p B Multiple minke wales (10) localized in te area 10:10 to 12:00 Wale 3 believed to be same minke from end of ASWEX 16 Feb 00:30 Began calling at end of ASWEX 16 Feb 00:30, 19km away from sip wic was moving directly away from te wale. 17 Feb 10:06 z recording disk cange continues calling, ceasing rigt after te first MFAS pulse in SCC p B. Est. RL 166 db re upa from 3km. 47 min later, a minke wale (presumed same wale DSC similar, limited movement from prior minke wale location). Calls for 52 min, exposed to est. RL of 160 db from 11km.

20 Onset of PMRF SCC pase B data 17 Feb 2015 at 12:00 (data 10:10 to 14:17, closest minke wale encounter details) Boing call ICI (log scale) vs. time Est. RL in db re upa (simple model of wale movement) Horizontal distance from closest sip to wale Rel. angle of wale off bow of sip

21 Feb 2016 onset of SCC Φ B prelim analysis From information obtained on-site 3 minke wales calling before & after MFAS activities Recorded data arrived, needs copied and detailed analysis (missed calls, confirming locs, inband noise levels, etc.) latitude (dd.d) Feb 16, 2016 SCC pase B onset sonar activity eading sout & minke wale B minke wale C minke wale A longitude (dd.d

22 Feb 2016 onset of SCC p B prelim analysis Bot figures- JDD 47.1 to (Feb 16, to 0824 GMT) Gray areas sow first two MFAS sonar blocks black=minkea, blue=minkeb, red=minkec Upper fig ICI (log scale in sec) vs. time Lower fig DSC vs. time call interval log scale (s) DSC (Hz) 10 4 minke call interval vs. time Julian decimal day DSC freq (Hz) vs. Julian Day Julian decimal day

23 Summary & Conclusions Opportunistic Beavioral Response Study using PAM Evolving since Feb 2011 wen first obtained During data Beavioral response: Ceasassion of calling, call intervals?, swim kinematics? Information wen animal not calling limited (assume linear pat between updates attributed to te individual). Onset of MFAS activities ig interest Large area reductions of number of calling wales Metods and metrics continue to improve Histograms of estimated RLs insigtful (tag brief) Need to systematically go troug data and document large N using robust baselines

24 Future work Continued analysis of recorded training events Feb 2011 and after Correlations wit oceanograpic data (e.g. satellite remote sensing) and prey densities Analysis of istorical data back to 2003 ONR proposed effort Beavioral Response Evaluation Employing robust baselines collaboration wit CREEM, SSC PAC and NMMF.

25 QUESTIONS?