TECHNICAL SCHEDULE TS16 SMOKE VENTS

Transcription

1 TECHNICAL SCHEDULE TS16 SMOKE VENTS Page 1 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

2 CONTENTS ISSUE STATUS AND AMENDMENT 3 FOREWORD 5 1 SCOPE 6 2 REFERENCES 6 3 APPRAISAL 7 4 DEFINTIONS 8 5 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 9 6 CONSTRUCTION & DESIGN PARAMETERS 9 7 TEST PROCEDURES 12 ANNEX A Factory Production Control Checklist 13 ANNEX B Temperature Rise & Expansion Test 17 ANNEX C Fire Test 20 ANNEX D Coefficient of Discharge Test 23 ANNEX E Participating Organisations 25 Page 2 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

3 ISSUE STATUS AND AMENDMENT i. This is a controlled copy of the. Scheme members to which it has been issued will be provided with details of any changes in accordance with the amendment procedure below. ii. iii. iv. From here on in, references to will be shown as. Each page of the document is identified by a page number, issue number and date. Where an amendment is made, the revised page will bear a new issue number and date of amendment. Where an amendment requires an extra page to be inserted, this is numbered with the number of the preceding page but with the addition of a letter suffix, e.g. 10A will be inserted between pages 10 and 11 and 10B will follow 10A. The new pages are dated in the normal way. v. Any amendment to this document will be identified on the Amendment Page, which will be re-issued to holders of controlled copies with the amended sections/pages. Revised pages shall be inserted in place of existing pages or between existing pages and superseded pages shall be discarded. Where a significant number of amendments are made to this document the entire document will be re-issued under a new issue number. In such cases holders of the document shall destroy the previous issue. vi. vii. The Amendment Page and the relevant revised pages will be produced by Warrington Certification following agreement with the Sector Liaison Group, and issued to the holders of each controlled copy of the document, together with an acknowledgment slip (document transmittal) which shall be signed and returned to to confirm that the document has been amended. It shall be the responsibility of the nominated representative of the organisation to ensure that the document is maintained in an up to date condition at all times. To ensure that a permanent record is available of all amendments, Warrington Certification maintains a file of all superseded pages which are marked with the date of withdrawal. The record is held on file indefinitely in order to allow to determine the past requirements of the scheme at any time. Page 3 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

4 AMENDMENT PAGE To ensure that each controlled copy of this contains a complete record of amendments, the Amendment Page is updated and issued with each set of revised/new pages of the document. Details of the procedures for amending this document are given in section 1 of this document. Amendment Discard Insert No Date *Sections Changed Page(s) Issue no Page(s) Issue no All- Updated to new format, also to include references to BS EN ISO/IEC and ISO Management Council renamed to Impartiality Committee Name change from WCL to Exova (UK) Limited trading as All 2 All 3 All 3 All 4 Page 4 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

5 TECHNICAL SCHEDULE (TS 16) SMOKE VENTS FOREWORD This (TS) forms part of a series of controlled documents which comprise the CERTIFIRE product certification scheme. It has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of BS EN ISO IEC for product certification bodies. In addition to this Schedule the other controlled documents relevant to CERTFIRE certification are: TS00 - General Requirements for CERTIFIRE Certification of Passive Fire Protection Products/Systems CERTIFIRE Quality Manual Certificates in the CF000 series, together with any appendices Documentation from the manufacturer Rules for use of the CERTIFIRE logo This CERTIFIRE scheme aims to provide confidence that installed fire resisting pedestrian doorsets and door assemblies used with the appropriate building hardware, seals and glass and glazing systems will be capable of achieving the designated fire resistance level and also to demonstrate compliance with performance specifications. This document is intended for the certification of all pedestrian fire resisting doors and doorsets. It has been prepared and agreed by the organisations listed in Annex G and is in accordance with the requirements of BS EN ISO IEC Page 5 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

6 1. SCOPE This relates to the CERTIFIRE system for the appraisal of natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators (fire vents) designed to provide exhaust ventilation of smoke and heat in the case of fire. The detailed scope of CERTIFIRE approval is given in the Appendices associated with the Certificate of approval. Smoke and heat exhaust ventilators should only be installed as part of a properly designed smoke and heat exhaust system. Assessment of a smoke and heat exhaust ventilator under the CERTIFIRE system is not an assessment of a complete smoke and heat ventilation system. 2. REFERENCES EN Standards are published by National Standards body and may include National Annexes. For CERTIFIRE purposes the definitive version of any EN standard is that published by BSi and prefixed BS EN. References contained in TS00 may also be relevant. BS 476: Part 5 BS 476: Part 7 BS 476: Part 20: BS 970: Part 1 BS EN ISO IEC ISO 9001 Fire tests on building materials and structures. Method of test for ignitability Fire tests on building materials and structures. Surface spread of flame tests for materials Fire tests on building materials and structures Specification for wrought steels for mechanical and allied engineering purposes. General inspection and testing procedures and specific requirements for carbon, carbon manganese, alloy and stainless steels Conformity assessment. Requirements for bodies certifying products, processes and services Model for quality assurance in design, development, production, installation and servicing Page 6 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

7 3. APPRAISAL Appraisal will be based on information derived from the procedures and test specified in this document. Data from other sources may also be used if felt appropriate in forming an evaluation. Tests specified in the appendices to this document should be carried out at UKAS approved laboratories where possible. Where no UKAS approved laboratory is available, other laboratories approved by CERTIFIRE may be used. Where test and/or documentary evident is called for, test evidence should either be from tests carried out by an independent laboratory approve by CERTIFIRE or from tests witnessed by an assessor approved by CERTIFIRE. Note: The appraisal and test procedures described in this document are similar to those described in the Smoke Ventilation Association Specification of Requirements for Natural Smoke and Heat Exhaust Ventilators. Page 7 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

8 4. DEFINITIONS Automatic Smoke and Heat Exhaust Ventilator A ventilator, that is fitted into a building, which is designed to open automatically after the outbreak of fire, to allow smoke and hot gases to escape. (These ventilators are sometimes referred to as Fire Ventilators). Dual Purpose Ventilator A smoke and heat exhaust ventilator which has been provided to allow its use for comfort ventilation. Natural Ventilation Ventilation that is caused by buoyancy forces due to difference in density of the air because of the effects of temperature differences. Measured Free Area The clear throat area of a natural heat and smoke exhaust ventilator. This is the smallest clear opening (normally between drainage channels) no reduction being made for controls, louvres or other obstructions. Aerodynamic Free Area The measured free area multiplied by the coefficient of discharge. Coefficient of Discharge The ratio of Actual Flow Rate to Theoretical Flow rate through the open ventilator. The Theoretical Flow Rate is the flow rate calculated for an obstructed opening with same measured free area. The Actual Flow Rate is that measured over a range of pressure differences across the ventilator in a suitable wind tunnel. The coefficient is a constant figure over the range of pressure differences. Page 8 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

9 5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS The performance of the ventilator will be assessed by the following methods: 5.1 Study of manufacturers design, construction methods, materials used and quality assurance methods (see Quality Assessment Schedule). It will be necessary for the vents to comply with the constructional and design parameters specified in this Technical Schedule. Suppliers may be required to furnish details of appropriate tests or other evidence to substantiate claims of compliance. 5.2 Test procedures shall be carried out by a laboratory accredited by UKAS for the purpose. Where such facilities are unavailable, tests may be undertaken by, or on behalf of, the firm manufacturing or supplying the ventilators using suitable test rigs with calibrated measuring and recording equipment. All such testing shall be either carried out at a laboratory approved by CERTIFIRE for that purpose or witnessed by an independent assessor recognised by CERTIFIRE as having competence in that area. Reports shall be appropriately endorsed by the witnessing assessor. 6. CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN PARAMETERS 6.1 The ventilator shall be constructed so that when in use there is no possibility of flames or hot gases emerging from the ventilator being deflected downward onto the roof or adjacent structure. 6.2 The design of the ventilator and its proposed application must ensure that when in use, the component parts do not form a scoop which could deflect the wind from any direction into the ventilator opening. 6.3 The design of the ventilator must ensure that none of the component parts can reduce the ventilation opening if the ventilator disintegrates or collapses due to the effects of fire. This will be verified by the test described in Appendix The materials used in the construction of the ventilator shall not add to the fire risk of the building, nor materially contribute to a fire during use. Insulation materials, plastic louvres, flaps, sheets or slopes shall have a Class 1 spread of flame rating when tested in accordance with BS 476: Part 7 and be classified as not easily ignitable to BS 476: Part 5. The supplier will be required to provide documentary and/or test evidence to show compliance with this clause. Page 9 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

10 6.5 The ventilator shall be constructed from materials resistant to natural atmospheric corrosion and sunlight. The materials shall be selected so as to prevent the possibility of galvanic corrosion between adjacent components. The supplier will be required to provide documentary and/or test evidence to show compliance with this clause. 6.6 The vent must be fitted with a means of automatically opening to vent hot smoke or air. This may take one of the following forms: a) A fusible link. The link shall be a single link mounted within the throat of the ventilator, the parting of which will release the opening flaps or louvres. Where double flaps are used in the construction these shall be operated by a single link. Unless an alternative temperature is specified, the link shall fuse at between 68 and 74 degrees C. b) Multiple control of several ventilators via a frangible bulb or fusible link/plug activated valve. The valve will be at high level and will release compressed air from pressurised pipework. Unless an alternative temperature is specified, the frangible bulb or fusible link/plug will break at between 68 and 74 degrees C. Loss of pressure in the pipework will automatically result in the opening of the ventilator. c) Automatic opening of the ventilator following an alarm condition initiated by an automatic heat or smoke detection system conforming to BS Ventilators with other methods of operation may be offered for assessment, but to be acceptable it will be necessary for their method of operation to be at least as reliable as one of the methods above. The supplier may be required to provide test and/or documentary evidence to show compliance with this clause Whatever automatic means of opening the ventilator is provided the ventilator system should be provided with manual overriding controls to allow fire brigade operation in a fire. 6.7 Cables or linkages for operating release mechanisms and fittings to which they are attached must be corrosion resistant (see clause 6.5) and be of adequate strength. Cables and linkages must be freely operable and there must be no possibility of them fouling the operation of the ventilator under normal or fire conditions. Cables should be Page 10 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

11 manufactured from materials that do not take a permanent set. All springs shall be in stainless steel to a suitable specification such as BS 970: Part 1 grade Other types of device, such as gas springs, may also be used in place of tension and compression springs. 6.8 The ventilator shall be designed to open against and withstand without closing a side wind of 18m/s (Beaufort Force 8). The supplier may be required to provide documentary and/or test evidence to show compliance with this clause. 6.9 The ventilator shall be designed to ensure satisfactory operation throughout a life expectancy of at least 15 years. Where the ventilator is designed to provide ventilation under normal as well as fire conditions it shall be designed to be operated at least 30,000 times without developing any fault. Where the ventilator is used only as a fire ventilator, it shall be designed to be opened 2000 times without developing any fault. The supplier may be required to provide documentary and/or test evidence to show compliance with this clause The ventilator shall be designed so that it is not possible for sufficient water (including condensation), snow or ice to collect in or upon the ventilator (nor in or upon its operating mechanism) and thus render the ventilator inoperative. Insulated roof ventilators shall be designed to withstand a minimum snow load of 300N/m 2 and to be able to open against this load. Un-insulated roof ventilators shall be designed to withstand a minimum snowload of 125N/m 2 and be able to open against this load. The supplier will be required to provide documentary and/or test evidence to show compliance with this clause The ventilator shall be designed to withstand a minimum wind load of 2.4 kn/m 2 suction and pressure without permanent distortion or bucking. (If higher wind loads are likely to be imposed on the ventilator it shall be designed with withstand these). The supplier will be required to provide documentary and/or test evidence to show compliance with this clause. Page 11 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

12 7. TEST PROCEDURES 7.1 A standard production ventilator shall be provided for test. If the ventilator belongs to a standard range then, subject to test rig limitations, the largest ventilator in the range should be tested. If a ventilator is designed to be used in both the horizontal and vertical position then two ventilators shall be provided to enable testing in both positions. A test on any one size of ventilator will allow an appraisal of other smaller ventilators of similar construction, but unless otherwise specified appraisals will not normally be possible on larger ventilators. 7.2 Visual Inspection and Documentation Check The ventilator shall be inspected to ensure that it complies with published descriptive data and documentation supplied with it, that it is a production sample, and is finished to an acceptable quality standard. Data supplied with the ventilator should include its coefficient of discharge when open and its air leakage coefficient when closed. Documentation should include a specimen service and maintenance contract (see Clause 7) and a Certificate of Compliance with the construction and design parameters in this document. 7.3 Temperature Rise and Expansion Test The ventilator will be required to pass the temperature rise and expansion test detailed in Appendix Fire Test The ventilator will be required to pass the fire test detailed in Appendix Coefficient of Discharge Test The coefficient of discharge test detailed in Appendix 4 will be undertaken on all sizes of ventilators within the product range for which approval is sought. The measured values of the coefficient will be stated in any approval certificate. Page 12 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

13 APPENDIX A Checklist for Initial Inspection of Factory and Factory Production Control For CERTIFIRE Registration This checklist must be used in conjunction with the initial TS00 checklist. 2. SPECIFIC QUESTIONS Questions to be considered Q/M or Procedure Ref Inspector Comments: A How are any drawings controlled? How do the operators know they have the correct drawing issue? What records are generated? Page 13 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

14 Questions to be considered B Do tests being carried out include: - Q/M or Procedure Ref Inspector Comments: Motor function Dimensions of laths Operation of curtain Closed Open C Review test records for recent (and current production). Do the findings of this review of records correlate with the requirements laid down in the company s technical specification for the product for type testing, and for testing for surveillance purposes of the FPC? Identify any anomalies found. Page 14 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

15 Questions to be considered Q/M or Procedure Ref Inspector Comments: D Have labelling requirements for the finished product been agreed? How does manufacturer intend to apply any labels? What records does he intend to keep of labels used? Minimum 5 years Have these been approved by Exova Warrington Fire? E What installation instructions will be provided? Have these been approved by Bodycote Warrington Fire? Page 15 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

16 Summary of Inspection Findings: Observations / Recommendations: List of Attachments: Non Conformances Raised: Signed by Inspector: Signed for client by: Reviewed by: (Office use only) Date: Date: Date: Page 16 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

17 APPENDIX B TEMPERATURE RISE AND EXPANSION TEST A2.1 Objective A2.2 Scope This test simulates the rise in temperature above a developing fire and tests. a) The response of any heat sensitive detecting element of the ventilator to this rise in temperature b) The effects of expansion upon the construction Two sets of conditions are simulated: a) A slowly developing fire producing a slow rate of rise of temperature. b) A rapidly developing fire producing a rapid rate of rise of temperature. This test is applicable to ventilators having an integral heat sensitive detection element similar to that described on 6.7(a). Ventilators operated by separate detector system as described in 6.7(b) and 6.7 (c) shall be tested in accordance with this procedure using a manually operated means of trigger and actuation device. Suppliers of such ventilators may be required to submit test and/or documentary evidence that the detection systems intended to be used with their ventilators will perform equally satisfactorily as a ventilator with integral heat sensitive detectors which passes this test, but any appraisal of a ventilator with a non-integral detection system is not an appraisal of that detection system. A2.3 Temperature Rise Test Rig (Note: This rig can be the same as the Fire Test Rig - see Appendix 3). A2.3.1 The rig should consist of an open-top box constructed from non-combustible materials. A2.3.2 A horizontal ventilator to be tested should form part of the lid of the box. Any gap between the ventilator and the rig shall be sealed with suitable heat-resistant materials. Page 17 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

18 A2.3.3 A vertical ventilator will need to be mounted in a specially constructed enclosure forming the lid of the box. The enclosure should have walls and roof constructed of noncombustible materials and all gaps between the ventilator and the enclosure, and the enclosure and the rig, should be sealed with suitable heat-resistant materials. A2.3.4 The rig should be provided with means of controlling the air temperature within the rig and the rate of rise of this air temperature. The temperature control of the rig should be such that the air temperature may be raised at 3 degrees C/min and at 30 degrees C/min with air temperature in the rig being at all times within plus or minus 2 degrees C of that required by the set rate of change of temperature. It should be possible to control the rate of rise of temperature as described at least over the range degrees C. A2.3.5 The air temperature in the rig should be measured by temperature measuring equipment (e.g. thermocouples) having a time constant not greater than 2s. The temperature measuring device(s) should be situated as close as possible to the heat detector/operating mechanism (e.g. fusible link) of the ventilator (where fitted). A2.3.6 As well as controlling the temperature in the rig via a temperature controller, the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device(s) should also be recorded against time, for example continuously on a chart recorder. If this temperature is to be recorded by a device measuring at set intervals of time (e.g. a data logger) these intervals should be no longer than 2s. A2.4 Test Procedure A2.4.1 With the ventilator in position, and the temperature recording equipment running, the air temperature in the rig shall be raised from ambient (25 degrees C maximum) at 3 degrees C/min until 65 0 C is reached. The air temperature shall be held at 65 0 C for 1 hour and then be increased at 3 degrees C/min until the heat sensitive device operates. Ventilators without an integral heat sensitive device shall be actuated manually 3 minutes after the initiation of the increase in temperature after 1 hour dwell period. Both the air temperature and the time at which the ventilator opens should be noted. In addition, any distortion or defect which impairs the operation of the ventilator should be noted. A2.4.2 When the ventilator has operated, the heating elements or burners should be switched off. The rig should then be allowed to cool to at least 25 degrees C and a new heat detector/operating mechanism fitted to the ventilator (where relevant). Page 18 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

19 A2.4.3 The test should then be repeated as in A2.4.1 but this time with the air temperature raised at a rate of 30 degrees C/min until the heat sensitive device operates. Ventilators without an integral heat sensitive device shall be manually actuated 4 minutes after the start of the test. There is no 1 hour dwell period in this test. A2.5 Results A2.5.1 Full details of the ventilator under test should be recorded - this must include details of the heat detector operation mechanism (e.g. fusible link) and its temperature rating. A2.5.2 This report should state: a) The air temperature at which the ventilator operated b) The time since the beginning of the test when the ventilator operated c) The time since the beginning of the test at which the air temperature reached the stated operating temperature of the heat detector/operating mechanism or the temperature reached at the time of manual actuation. a-c should be recorded for both the slow and the rapid rate of rise of temperature tests. A2.5.3 Any distortion or defect which impaired the operation of the detector should be noted in the report. A2.6 To pass the test, the ventilator should: a) For both slow and rapid rate of rise of temperature tests have opened smoothly and swiftly to a fully open position so that there was no obstruction of passage of air through the ventilator at any time during the test. b) For the slow rate of rise of temperature test have opened within 3 minutes of the air temperature reaching the stated operating temperature of the heat detector/operating mechanism. c) For the rapid rate of rise of temperature test have opened within 90 seconds of the air temperature reaching the stated operating temperature of the heat detector/mechanism. Page 19 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

20 APPENDIX C FIRE TEST A3.1 Objective To ensure that the ventilator opens under fire conditions and also to ensure that during the course of a fire the ventilator throat area does not reduce the available airway for smoke release. A3.2 Scope The test can be used for ventilators incorporating any of the detection and operating mechanisms described in 6.6. However, if the detection mechanism is not integral with the ventilator (as in 6.6(b) and 6.6(c)) it is not practical for the detection mechanism to be incorporated into the test. In such cases operation of the ventilator can be manually initiated provided this is done in a similar way to operation under fire conditions (e.g. air may be released from a compressed air line to simulate the breaking of a frangible bulb or an electric signal may be used to simulate the operation of an electric heat or smoke detection system). Nevertheless, any test and subsequent appraisal of a ventilator with a non-integral detection mechanism is not an appraisal of the detection mechanism. The ventilator should be tested at maximum size subject to maximum dimensions of 1.2 x 1.2m. Testing of ventilators of this size will permit appraisal of larger ventilators of similar construction. A3.3 Fire Test Rig (Note: this rig can be the same rig as tat used in the Temperature Rise and Expansion Test - see Appendix 2). A3.3.1 The test is to be carried out on a suitable rig. The rig should be constructed of noncombustible materials and be large enough to accommodate the test ventilator. Also, the rig design should ensure that adequate air for combustion is always available. A3.3.2 The air temperature in the rig should be measured by temperature measuring equipment (e.g. thermocouples) having a time constant not greater than 2s. The temperature measuring device should be situated: a) As close as possible to the heat detecting/operating mechanism (where applicable) b) Centrally immediately below the ventilator (horizontally mounted ventilators) Page 20 of 25 c) Centrally immediately adjacent to the bottom and the top of the ventilator (vertically mounted ventilators). This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

21 A3.3.3 The temperature measured by the temperature measuring device(s) should be recorded against time, for example continuously on a chart recorder. If this temperature is to be recorded by a device measuring at set intervals of time (e.g. a data logger) these intervals should be no longer than 2s. A3.4 Test Procedures A3.4.1 The ventilator should be set up in the rig as described in A3.3. The ambient temperature of the rig should be no greater than 25 0 C. A3.4.2 The burners or heating elements shall be such as to provide a temperature regime at least as severe as that described by the time/temperature curve of BS 476: Part 20 (i.e. the time/temperature curve of BS 476: Part 20 is the minimum acceptable heating regime) the test shall be for a minimum period of 10 minutes. A3.4.3 If the opening of the ventilator is to be initiated manually as described in A3.2 this should be done when the air temperature reaches 100 degrees C. A3.4.4 The ventilator under test should be observed throughout the test and anything that may effect the successful operation of the ventilator should be noted. A3.4.5 On completion of the test the ventilator should be allowed to cool and then examined to ensure that the fire/heat has not caused any blockage of the airway, thus reducing its efficiency in the release of smoke and hot gases. A3.5 Results A3.5.1 Full details of the ventilator under test should be recorded - this must include details of the heat sensitive/detector mechanism (i.e. fusible link, and its rating). If opening of the ventilator was initiated manually as described in A3.2, this should clearly be stated, including details of the exact method used. A3.5.2 The report should state the time, after ignition, that the ventilator opened, an any other observations, with the relevant times, noted during the course of the test. A3.5.3 A graph of time against air temperature should be drawn and, if required, graphs of any other temperatures measured. The temperature at which the ventilator opened should be noted in the report. A3.5.4 Any structural damage to the ventilator should also be stated and whether or not this influenced the release of smoke and/or hot gasses. Page 21 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

22 A3.5.5 Finally, the report should state whether the ventilator passed or failed the test. A ventilator will have failed the test if: a) It failed to open b) It failed to open fully, or having opened, it reclosed or partially closed subsequently c) The ventilator area became blocked or partially blocked after the ventilator had opened d) When open, the ventilator because of its design: i) Disturbed the free flow of smoke and hot gasses from the rig ii) Deflected smoke and/or hot air downwards onto the roof of the rig. Note: If the ventilator failed the test because of (b) or (c), the supplier has the right to retest the ventilator to determine the partially closed/blocked coefficient of discharge. Two further ventilators must then be fully tested in accordance with A3.4. After this test, these also shall be discharge coefficient tested and the lowest coefficient of all three ventilators will be that described in the CERTIFIRE Certificate. Under these conditions the ventilator will be said to have a qualified pass. Page 22 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

23 A4.1 Objective A4.2 Scope APPENDIX D COEFFICIENT OF DISCHARGE TEST This test is to determine the coefficient of discharge of the ventilator so that the aerodynamic free area can be calculated for scheme design. This test is to be used for all natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators. A4.3 Apparatus/Equipment Required A4.3.1 The test is to be carried out in a suitable wind tunnel with the facility to cater for a range of air flow rates and pressures. The face of the tunnel should be a minimum of 3.3m x 2.0m to allow for the fitting of the largest size test ventilator. A4.3.2 The open ventilator should be mounted into the face of the tunnel with a minimum of 1/6 of the throat width each side and 1/6 of the throat length top and bottom. This is to ensure that status pressure tappings inside the tunnel are not disturbed by the airflow. The airflow must be in the correct direction. A4.3.3 There must be a minimum clear space in front of the tunnel equal to 1.5 times the largest throat dimension of the ventilator. There must be a minimum clear distance inside the tunnel (i.e. from the ventilator to the beginning of any narrowing of the tunnel) either equal to 1.5 the largest throat dimension of the ventilator or 2 meters whichever is the smaller. A4.3.4 A suitable manometer must be used to measure the static pressures inside the tunnel. A suitable barometer must be used to measure static pressure outside the tunnel. A4.3.5 A suitable method, such as a calibrated orifice plate or a Pitot tube scan, must be used to accurately measure the airflow s through the ventilator. Page 23 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

24 A4.4 Test Procedure A4.4.1 The fan driving the tunnel should be operated to produce a range of different airflow s through the ventilator. The static pressure, barometer pressure, airflow and ambient temperature must be recorded for each flow rate. Six sets of readings should be taken evenly spaced across the range Pa static pressure difference across the ventilator. From these readings the coefficient of discharge of the ventilator can be calculated using the formula:- cd = Qn At ( 2Ps/ ) ½ where cd = coefficient of discharge Qn = airflow rate at pressure difference Ps At = measured free area Ps = pressure difference across the ventilator = air density at measured ambient temperature and pressure Qn and Ps should be obtained from the best straight line produced graphically or mathematically from a plot of Qn 2 against Ps using actual measured values of Qn and Ps. A4.5 Results A4.5.1 Full details of the ventilator under test must be recorded, this must include details of the size and type, the measurements recorded during the tests, and the calculations to determine the coefficient of discharge. Page 24 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall

25 ANNEX E PARTICIPATING ORGANISATIONS BODIES AUTHORISED TO OPERATE CERTIFICATION TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SCHEDULE THIS SCHEDULE IS RATIFIED BY MEMBERS OF THE WARRINGTON CERTIFICATION IMPARTIALITY COMMITTEE Association for Specialist Fire Protection (ASFP) British Automatic Fire Sprinkler Association (BAFSA) British Retail Consortium (BRC) British Woodworking Federation (BWF) Chief Fire Officers Association (CFOA) Construction Products Association (CPA) Department of Communities and Local Government (DCLG) Door and Hardware Federation (DHF) Fire Protection Association (FPA) Glass and Glazing Federation (GGF) Guild of Architectural Ironmongers (GAI) Institute of Fire Prevention Officers (IFPO) Institute of Fire Safety Manager (IFSM) London Underground Limited (LUL) Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) RISC Authority Secured By Design (SBD) Local Authority Building Control (LABC) Exova Warringtonfire (EWF) Users of documents are reminded that copyright exists in all CERTIFIRE publications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without prior permission in writing from Warrington Certification. Permission to copy this document for internal use and promotional purposes only is automatically granted to companies holding CERTIFIRE certification. Such copies are uncontrolled and this status should be identified on each copy Copyright Holmesfield Road, Warrington, Cheshire, WA1 2DS Reg. Office: Exova (UK) Limited, Lochend Industrial Estate, Newbridge, Midlothian EH28 8PL United Kingdom. Tel: +44 (0) EWCL@exova.com Website: Page 25 of 25 This document is the exclusive property of. It shall