Chapter 14 (Rev )

Transcription

1 Chapter 14 (Rev ) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 1. PURPOSE The intent of this program is to protect our employees from workplace hazards that cannot be controlled through engineering or administrative controls. We provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) when workplace hazards cannot be completely eliminated. Scope This program applies to all Concordia University employees. In addition to the provisions of this program. Applicable state and/or local regulations are followed. Responsibility Environmental Health, Safety and Security Manager (EHS&S) The EHS&S Manager has the ultimate responsibility for ensuring the PPE program is fully implemented by: completing the hazard assessment, selecting and/or approving the proper PPE, training the employees Department Supervisor The individual department supervisor provides effective supervision of PPE use within their department or work group. Employees All employees are responsible for complying with each provision of this program and for informing their supervisor immediately if any deficiencies or non-compliance issues are discovered. Failure to follow these instructions could result in disciplinary action. Availability

2 This program will be available to all employees within their work shift. 2. DEFINITIONS ANSI NIOSH PPE American National Standards Institute; a consensus standards organization that issues manufacturing standards for various PPE. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; a part of the US Dept of Health, Education and Welfare that certifies respirators. Personal protective equipment. TWA PEL Time weighted average; this refers to an exposure that is averaged over a certain time period, typically an 8-hour shift. Permissible Exposure Limit refers to a value, established by OSHA above which employees cannot be exposed to airborne concentrations of certain chemicals averaged over 8 hours. 3. PROCEDURES Compliance Steps 1. Conduct a hazard assessment of all job categories. 2. Identify controls necessary for each hazard identified above. 3. Train employees on PPE if identified as a hazard control. 4. Maintain records and documentation. 5. Conduct annual program evaluation. Written Procedures Hazard Assessment The EHS & S Manager performs a written hazard assessment using the attached Hazard Assessment Form CUSP 14_01 to determine whether hazards are present or likely to be present where the use of PPE for eye, face, torso, head, foot, hand, arm and respiratory protection would minimize the risk. All hazard assessments are performed by a person competent to identify hazards and signed and dated by that person. All work activity likely to pose a hazard to the employee is assessed for PPE requirements. All MSDS s for chemicals used in the workplace are reviewed to determine the PPE requirements set forth by the chemical manufacturer. Each workplace is routinely reassessed for hazards as appropriate (e.g. process change, new construction, new knowledge, new MSDS, work-related injuries and illnesses, etc.) 2

3 Hazard control PPE is used after all reasonable engineering, procedural and administrative controls have been exhausted and until the hazard is eliminated. Concordia University provides the personal protective equipment necessary for employees to perform their assigned responsibilities in a safe and healthy manner. Listed below are the personal protection equipment and the associated hazards that require their use subject to the following conditions: Eye and face protection must be approved and worn when there is potential exposure to: flying particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids, caustics, chemical gases or vapors, electrical arcing or sparks, potentially damaging light or from welding, cutting, brazing, or soldering, dusts or swinging objects such as ropes or chains. Refer to guidance information on the Eye and Face Protection Chart Appendix C available in the EHS&S Office Hand (skin) protection including hand, arm and torso protection are required to protect against: abrasions burns acids cuts heat and hot materials pathogens radiation punctures electrical shock absorption of chemicals Refer to guidance information on the Hand Protection Chart Appendix A available in the EHS&S Office Head protection is worn when there is a potential for flying or falling objects, and electrical hazards. Refer to guidance information on the Head Protection Chart Appendix D. Foot protection must be worn by persons who are potentially exposed to slippery surfaces, falling or rolling objects, objects piercing to the sole, electrical hazards, chemicals or burns 3

4 as determined by the hazard assessment. Refer to guidance information on the Chart Appendix B available in the EHS&S Office. Hearing protection is required in work areas designated as exceeding an 8-hour, TWA of 85 dba. Refer to the Concordia University Hearing Conservation Program for more information. Fall protection is required when there is a determination that a task has a potential for a slip, trip or fall. The requirements for fall protection are included in the Concordia University Fall Protection Program. Respiratory protection is required when, after all engineering control options are exhausted, a potential exists for employees to be exposed to harmful dusts, fumes, gases, mists or vapors above the Permissible Exposure Limit as established by OSHA. The requirements for respiratory protection are included in the Concordia University Respiratory Protection Program. Electrical protection is required whenever employees are working on or near energized electrical conductors. Refer to the NFPA 70 E chart Appendix F available in the EHS&S Office. Also see the Concordia University Electrical Safety Program. Training All employees required to wear PPE are trained by a competent person on the following before performing work and annually requiring the use of PPE: Requirements of PPE hazard assessment; When PPE is necessary; What PPE is necessary; How to use, remove, adjust, and wear PPE; How to recognize and discard PPE if it is defective or in a deteriorating condition; The limitations of the PPE to protect against hazards; How to maintain and clean the PPE. All employees must demonstrate proper use, removal, adjustment and wear of PPE. All employees are retrained if any of the following occur: There is reason to believe that the employee does not have the knowledge and skill required to use the PPE; There is a change in the type of PPE to be used. Annually Recordkeeping 4

5 We document that training has been given to employees required to use PPE and indicate the name of the employee, the signature of the trainer, the dates of training and content. The most current Certified Hazard Assessment forms are maintained on file. Annual Program Evaluation The Personal Protective Equipment Program is reviewed at least once annually to ensure that all changes in the workplace, tasks performed or materials used have been identified and a hazard assessment performed. Form CUSP 14_02 is used for the annual evaluation of the program. 4. FORMS The following forms can be downloaded from the FORMS Library in aramark.net/facility Services/Safety & Loss Prevention and are included as attachments to this program. Form No. Name Description CUSP 14_01 CUSP 14_02 Hazard Assessment Form Program Evaluation Checklist Form used to identify hazards that our employees are exposed to in the component. This form is the certification that a hazard assessment has been conducted. Used for the annual program evaluation. 5. APPENDICES Available at the EHS&S Office A. Hand and Skin Protection Chart B. Foot Protection Chart C. Eye and Face Protection Chart D. Head Protection Chart E. NFPA 70 E Chart 5

6 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Hazard Assessment Survey and Analysis Department: Location: Job Classification: Operation: Person Performing Assessment: Title: THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED Part of Body Hazard Engineering / admin controls Required PPE Hands Penetration sharp objects Penetration animal bites Penetration rough objects Chemicals(s) Extreme cold Extreme heat Blood Electrical shock Vibration power tools Other Leather/cut resistant gloves Leather/cut resistant gloves General purpose work gloves Chemical resistant gloves; Type Insulated gloves Heat/flame resistant gloves Latex or nitrile gloves Insulated rubber gloves Type Cotton, leather or anti-vibration gloves Other 7 CUS 14_01

7 Part of Body Hazard Engineering / admin controls Required PPE Eyes and Face Exposure to sparks Impact-flying objects, chips, sand or dirt Nuisance dust UV light-welding, cutting, torch brazing or soldering Chemical splashing liquid Chemical irritating mists Hot sparks grinding Splashing molten metal Sun Exposure/Glare/High Intensity Lights Laser operations Other Leather welding hood Safety glasses w/side shields Glasses/goggles w/face shield Impact goggles Welding goggles Welding helmet/shield w/safety glasses & side shields Chemical goggles/ face shield Chemical goggles w/face shield Safety goggles w/face shield Shaded safety glasses Laser spectacles or goggles Other Respiratory System Nuisance dust/mist Welding fumes Asbestos Pesticides Paint or Isocyanates (spraying) Organic vapors Acid gases Oxygen deficient/toxic or IDLH atmosphere Disposable filtering face piece (dust/mist mask) Welding respirator Respirator w/hepa filter Respirator w/pesticide cartridges Air-supplied respirator Respirator w/paint spray cartridges Respirator w/organic cartridges Respirator w/acid gas cartridges SCBA or Type C airline respirator Other Other Exposure to noise levels (>85 dba 8-hour TWA) Ear muffs or plugs Ears 8 CUSP 14_01

8 Part of Body Hazard Required PPE Foot Head Body Impact heavy objects Compression rolling or pinching objects/vehicles Slippery or wet surface Penetration sharp objects Penetration chemical Splashing chemical Exposure to extreme cold Other Struck by falling object Electrical contact with exposed wires/conductors Struck against fixed object Other Impact Flying objects Moving vehicles Penetration sharp objects Electrical static discharge Hot metal or sparks Chemical(s) Exposure to extreme cold Exposure to extreme heat Unprotected elevated walking/working surface Other Certification: I certify that I personally performed the above Hazard Assessment on the date indicated. This document is a Certification of the PPE Hazard Assessment. Steel toe safety shoes Leather boots or safety shoes w/metatarsal guards Slip resistant soles Puncture resistant soles Chemical resistant boots/covers Rubber boots/closed top shoes Insulated boots or shoes Other Hard hat Class A Class B Class C Bump Cap Other Long sleeves/ apron/ coat Traffic vest Cut resistant sleeves, wristlets Static control coats/ coveralls Flame resistant jacket/ pants Lab coat or apron/ sleeves Insulated jacket, hood Body cooling devices Body harness and lanyard Other Signed by: Date: 9 CUSP 14_01

9 Personal Protective Equipment Annual Program Evaluation Building Room Supervisor Date Audit Performed by A. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Program 1. Hazard Assessment complete and documented 2. PPE selection based upon Hazard Assessment 3. Review of employee-owned PPE complete 4. Defective or damaged PPE not used 5. Training complete and documented B. Eye and Face Protection 1. Eye and Face Protection appropriate to the hazard used 2. Side Protectors used where flying objects hazards are found 3. Eye protection incorporates prescription or can be worn without disturbing proper position of prescription lenses 4. Filter lenses with appropriate shade number available where work involves injurious light radiation Maintained per manufacturer s recommendations Y N NA COMMENTS 10 CUSP 14_02

10 C. Head Protection 1. Hard hats used where there is the potential for head injury from falling objects 2. Hard hats used where there is a potential for head injury from exposed electrical conductors 3. Bump cap use restricted 4. Maintained per manufacturer s recommendations D. Foot Protection 1. Appropriate for protection from falling or rolling objects 2. Appropriate for protection from objects piercing the sole 3. Appropriate for protection from exposed electrical conductors 4. Maintained per manufacturer s recommendations E. Hand Protection 1. Hand protection appropriate to the hazard 2. Maintained per manufacturer s recommendations F. Other Related Issues 1. Appropriate PPE available for hot work (e.g., cutting, welding, brazing) 2. Clothing and shoes worn appropriate for tasks being performed 3. Reflective vests used when working near roadways 11 CUSP 14_02

11 Appendix A Hand and Skin Protection Chart Some of the hazards that threaten hand safety are skin absorption of harmful substances, chemical hazards, such as caustic material, solvents or cutting oils, cuts or lacerations; punctures; chemical burns; thermal burns; harmful temperature extremes; bacteriological, blood or other infectious materials; and musculoskeletal disorders. Preventing Hand Injuries When substitution of less hazardous materials and work practice controls fails to eliminate the risk of injury to hands, protective gloves are the primary means of protection. Protective equipment includes gloves, hand pads, tapes and mitts. There are many types of gloves available and the challenge is to find the right glove for the job. 1. Canvas, leather or equivalent gloves are necessary when there is a potential for being struck by / against or coming in contact with sharp, hot or splintered objects which can cause cuts, abrasions, contusions and thermal burns. Though not a primary protection, donning of this can lessen the impact of radiation and electrical shock. 2. Approved chemical resistant gloves and protective coats must be worn when there is potential contact with chemical hazards causing burns, skin adsorption and dermal rashes. FABRIC/MATERIAL Butyl Hot-Mill or Aluminized Latex Natural Rubber Nitrile/Natural Rubber Neoprene Neoprene Latex PVC-Coated PROTECTION Gas or water vapors, common acids and alcohols Heat and welding sparks Should not be used due to potential for allergic reaction Liquid proof protection against acids, caustics and dye stuffs Used for most acids, alkalis, cutting oils, fats, alcohol and grease. Nitrile/Rubber blend resists abrasions, cuts, tears, punctures Acids, caustics, oils, grease and many solvents Detergents, salts, acids and caustic solutions Many chemicals, oil and grease 12

12 Silver Shield Vinyl Viton Wide range of solvents, acids and bases Irritants PCBs, chlorinated and aromatic solvents, gas and water vapors Cotton or Canvas Leather Metal-Mesh or Cut Resistant Kevlar Tyvek Shock Absorbing General work including parts handling, general maintenance to provide abrasion resistance Mild heat resistance and good abrasion resistance Cuts, abrasions. Used in glass handling, metal fabrication and food processing applications. Dusts including asbestos Repetitive pushing and pounding or extended contact and to help lessen the effects of constant vibration ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Gloves must be inspected frequently. Change if cracked, peeling, torn, punctured or otherwise deteriorating. If irritation or rashes appear, evaluate the use of another type of glove. Latex gloves can trigger an allergic reaction in some people and should not be used. Order the proper size/type! o Tight-fitting gloves can cause fatigue. o o Loose fitting gloves can be hazardous. Review the chemical compatibility chart to determine breakthrough performance to determine the suitability of a glove for a specific application. Aprons made of the same materials should be used to protect bare skin and to keep clothing from becoming contaminated. 13

13 Appendix B FOOT PROTECTION CHART Slip-resistant shoes or shoe covers must be worn when working on hard surfaces that are or may become slippery. (See attached slip-resistant shoe program document) Pullover rubber boots or rubber safety boots meeting ANSI Z requirements must be worn whenever there is potential exposure to corrosive chemicals. Boots insulated against electrical hazards must be worn when there is no other practical way to isolate the person from ground. A combination of an insulated pad and boot is recommended. Steel-toe leather boots or shoes for impact and compression exposures to heavy tools, rolling, falling or pinching objects, rolls, carts or vehicles. SOURCE IMPACT PENETRATION COMPRESSION CHEMICALS ELECTRICAL WATER ASSESSMENT OF HAZARD Falling objects, heavy tools Nails, scrap metal, and other sharp objects Rolling or pinching objects, rolls, carts or vehicles Splashing/spilling liquids, i.e., solvents, oils, paints, corrosives, acids, etc. Contact with power lines, conductors, arcing, sparks or static discharges. Wetness/ moisture from prolonged exposure Slipping hazard PROTECTION Safety shoes. For severe exposure use metatarsal guards (See ANSI performance requirement) Footwear with puncture resistant soles/steel insert Safety shoes. For severe exposure use metatarsal guards (See ANSI performance requirement) Leather shoes for mild exposures. Rubber boots for severe exposure. Acid resistant when applicable. Footwear with special conductive/ insulated soles. Insulated shoes or boots Footwear with slip resistant soles. TEMPERATURE Exposure to extreme cold Insulated shoes/ boots 14

14 ANSI PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR OCCUPATIONAL FOOT PROTECTION Class Compression Resistance (pounds) Impact Resistance (foot-pounds) 75 2, , ,

15 Appendix C EYE AND FACE PROTECTION CHART Source Assessment of Hazard Protection IMPACT chipping, grinding, machining, masonry, woodworking, sawing, drilling chiseling, sanding, etc. Flying fragments, objects, large chips particles of sand, dirt, etc. Spectacles with side protection, goggles faceshields. See notes (1), (3), (5), (6), (10). For severe exposure, use face shield. HEAT furnace & oven operations, etc. Hot sparks Face shields, goggles, spectacles with side protection. For severe exposure use faceshield. See notes (1), (2) and (3). CHEMICALS acids, caustics, degreasers, cleaning chemicals, etc. Splashing liquids Goggles, eyecup and cover types. For severe exposure, use faceshield. See notes (3) and (11). DUST woodworking, buffing, general dusty conditions. Nuisance dust Goggles, eyecup and cover types. See note (8). LIGHT and/or RADIATION -Welding: Electric arc Optical radiation Welding helmets or welding shields. Typical shades: See notes (9) and (12). -Welding: Gas Optical radiation Welding goggles or welding faceshield. Typical shades: gas welding 4-8, cutting 3-6, brazing 3-4. See note (9). 16

16 -Cutting, Torch brazing, Torch soldering Optical radiation Spectacles or welding faceshield. Typical shades: See notes (3) and (9). -Glare Poor vision Spectacles with shaded or special-purpose lenses, as suitable. See notes (9), (10). CONTACT WITH BODY FLUIDS / BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS First Aid Procedures, CPR Safety glasses with solid sideshields. Use safety goggles or faceshield plus goggles for severe exposure. CPR mask as barrier during resuscitation. Notes to Eye and Face Protection Selection Chart: (1) Care should be taken to recognize the possibility of multiple and simultaneous exposure to a variety of hazards. Adequate protection against the highest level of each of the hazards should be provided. Protective devices do not provide unlimited protection. (2) Operations involving heat may also involve light radiation. As required by the standard, protection from both hazards must be provided. (3) Faceshields should only be worn over primary eye protection (spectacles or goggles). (4) As required by the standard, filter lenses must meet the requirements for shade designations in (a)(5). Tinted and shaded lenses are not filter lenses unless they are marked or identified as such. (5) As required by the standard, persons whose vision requires the use of prescription (Rx) lenses must wear either protective devices fitted with prescription (Rx) lenses or protective devices designed to be worn over regular prescription (Rx) eyewear. (6) Wearers of contact lenses must also wear appropriate eye and face protection devices in a hazardous environment. It should be recognized that dusty and/or chemical environments may represent an additional hazard to contact lens wearers. (7) Caution should be exercised in the use of metal frame protective devices in electrical hazard areas. (8) Atmospheric conditions and the restricted ventilation of the protector can cause lenses to fog. Frequent cleansing may be necessary. (9) Welding helmets or face shields should be used only over primary eye protection (spectacles or goggles). (10) Non-sideshield spectacles are available for frontal protection only, but are not acceptable eye protection for the sources and operations listed for "impact." (11) Ventilation should be adequate, but well protected from splash entry. Eye and face protection should be designed and used so that it provides both adequate ventilation and protects the wearer from splash entry. Chemical splash goggles are suitable. (12) Protection from light radiation is directly related to filter lens density. See note (4). Select the darkest shade that allows task performance. 17

17 Appendix D HEAD PROTECTION CHART Source Assessment of Hazard Protection IMPACT Falling objects Hard Hat. Specify Type. (See ANSI performance requirements below). ELECTRICAL Collision with a fixed object Contact with exposed electrical wires, conductors Bump Cap for light protection against bumps and lacerations (Non-ANSI) Class A or Class B Hard Hat, depending upon exposure. (See ANSI performance requirements below). ANSI PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEAD PROTECTION Class A Class B Class C Description General service, limited voltage protection Utility service, high voltage protection General service, metallic, no voltage protection Material Water resistant, slow burning Water resistant, slow burning Water resistant, slow burning Insulation Resistance 2200V, 60 Hz for 1 min. with 3mA max. leakage 20,000V, 60 Hz for 3 min. with 9 MA max. leakage N/A Flammability 3 in/min. max 3 in/min. max N/A (Burn Rate) Impact Resistance (Transmitted Force) 850 lb. average 1000 lb. maximum 850 lb. average 1000 lb. maximum 850 lb. average 1000 lb. maximum Penetration Resistance 3/8 in. maximum 3/8 in. maximum 7/16 in. maximum Standard Z Z Z

18 Appendix E Table H.1 Simplified, Two-Category, Flame-Resistant Clothing System Clothing* Everyday Work Clothing FR long-sleeve shirt (minimum arc rating of 4) worn over an untreated cotton T-shirt with FR pants (minimum arc rating of 8) Or FR coveralls (minimum arc rating of 4) worn over an untreated cotton T-shirt (or an untreated natural fiber long-sleeve shirt) with untreated natural fiber pants. Electrical Switching Clothing Multilayer FR flash jacket and FR bib overalls worn over either FR coveralls (minimum arc rating of 4) or FR long-sleeve shirt and FR pants (minimum arc rating of 4), worn over untreated natural fiber long-sleeve shirt and pants, worn over an untreated cotton T-shirt Applicable Tasks All Hazard/Risk Category 1 and 2 tasks listed in Table 130.7(C)(9)(a). On systems operating at less than 1000 volts, these tasks include work on all equipment except Insertion or removal of low-voltage motor starter buckets, Insertion or removal of power circuit breakers from switchgear cubicles or Removal of bolted covers from switchgear. On systems operating at 1000 volts or greater, tasks also include the operation of switching devices with equipment enclosure doors closed. All Hazard/Risk Category 3 and 4 tasks listed in Table 130.7(C)(9)(a) On systems operating at 1000 volts or greater, these tasks include work on exposed live parts of all equipment. On systems of less than 1000 volts, tasks include insertion or removal of low-voltage motor starter MCC buckets, insertion or removal of plug-in devices into or from busway, insertion or removal of power circuit breakers and removal of bolted covers from switchgear. 19

19 or Insulated FR coveralls (with a minimum arc rating of 25, independent of other layers) worn over untreated natural fiber long-sleeve shirt with untreated denim cotton blue jeans ( regular weight, minimum 12 oz/yd2 fabric weight), worn over an untreated cotton T-shirt. *Note other PPE required for the specific tasks listed in Tables 130.7(C)(9)(a) and 130.7(C)(10), which include arc-rated face shields or flash suit hoods, FR hardhat liners, safety glasses or safety goggles, hard hat, hearing protection, leather gloves, voltage-rated gloves, and voltage-rated tools. 20

20 APPENDI F Table Hazard Risk Category Classifications Task (Assumes Equipment is Energized, and work is done within the Flash Protection Boundary) Panelboards rated 240 V and below Notes 1 and 3 Hazard/Risk Category V-Rated Gloves V-Rated Tools Circuit breaker (CB) or fused switch operation with covers on 0 N N CB or fused switch operation with covers off 0 N N Work on energized parts, including voltage testing 1 Y Y Remove/install CBs or fused switches 1 Y Y Removal of bolted covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 1 N N Opening hinged covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 0 N N Panelboards or Switchboards rated >240 V and up to 600 V (with molded case or insulated case circuit breakers) Notes 1 and 3 CB or fused switch operation with covers on 0 N N CB or fused switch operation with covers off 1 N N Work on energized parts, including voltage testing 2* Y Y 600 V Class Motor Control Centers (MCCs) Notes 2 (except as indicated) and 3 CB or fused switch or starter operation with enclosure doors closed 0 N N Reading a panel meter while operating a meter switch 0 N N CB or fused switch or starter operation with enclosure doors open 1 N N Work on energized parts, including voltage testing 2* Y Y Work on control circuits with energized part 120 V or below, exposed 0 Y Y Work on control circuits with energized parts > 120 V exposed 2* Y Y Insertion or removal of individual starter buckets from MCC Note 4 3 Y N Application of safety grounds, after voltage test 2* Y N Removal of bolted covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 2* N N Opening hinged covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 1 N N 600 V Class Switchgear (with power circuit breakers or fused switches) Notes 5 and 6 CB or fused switch operation with enclosure doors closed 0 N N Reading a panel meter while operating a meter switch 0 N N 21

21 Table Hazard Risk Category Classifications (continued) Task (Assumes Equipment is Energized, and work is done within the Flash Protection Boundary) Hazard/Risk Category V-Rated Gloves V-Rated Tools CB or fused switch operation with enclosure doors open 1 N N Work on energized parts, including voltage testing 2* Y Y Work on control circuits with energized parts 120 V or below, exposed 0 Y Y Work on control circuits with energized parts > 120 V exposed 2* Y Y Insertion or removal (racking) of CBs from cubicles, doors open 3 N N Insertion or removal (racking) of CBs from cubicles, doors closed 2 N N Application of safety grounds, after voltage test 2* Y N Removal of bolted covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 3 N N Opening hinged covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 2 N N Other 600 V Class (277 V through 600 V, nominal) Equipment Note 3 Lighting or small power transformers (600 V, maximum) Removal of bolted covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 2* N N Opening hinged covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 1 N N Work on energized parts, including voltage testing 2* Y Y Application of safety grounds, after voltage test 2* Y N Revenue meters (kw-hour, at primary voltage and current) Insertion or removal 2* Y N Cable trough or tray cover removal or installation 1 N N Miscellaneous equipment cover removal or installation 1 N N Work on energized parts, including voltage testing 2* Y Y Application of safety grounds, after voltage test 2* Y N NEMA E2 (fused contactor) Motor Starters, 2.3 kv through 7.2 kv Contractor operation with enclosure doors closed 0 N N Reading a panel meter while operating a meter switch 0 N N Contactor operation with enclosure doors open 2* N N Work on energized parts, including voltage testing 3 Y Y 22

22 Table Hazard Risk Category Classifications (continued) Task (Assumes Equipment is Energized, and work is done within the Flash Protection Boundary) Hazard/Risk Category V-Rated Gloves V-Rated Tools Work on control circuits with energized parts 120 V or below, exposed 0 Y Y Work on control circuits with energized parts >120 V, exposed 3 Y Y Insertion or removal (racking) of starters from cubicles, doors open 3 N N Insertion or removal (racking) of starters from cubicles, doors closed 2 N N Application of safety grounds, after voltage test 3 Y N Removal of bolted covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 4 N N Opening hinged covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 3 N N Metal Clad Switchgear, 1 kv and above CB or fused switch operation with enclosure doors closed 2 N N Reading a panel meter while operating a meter switch 0 N N CB or fused switch operation with enclosure doors open 4 N N Work on energized parts, including voltage testing 4 Y Y Work on control circuits with energized parts 120 V or below, exposed 2 Y Y Work on control circuits with energized parts >120 V, exposed 4 Y Y Insertion or removal (racking) of CBs from cubicles, doors open 4 N N Insertion or removal (racking) of CBs from cubicles, doors closed 2 N N Application of safety grounds, after voltage test 4 Y N Removal of bolted covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 4 N N Opening hinged covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 3 N N Opening voltage transformer or control power transformer compartments 4 N N Other Equipment 1 kv and above Metal clad load interrupter switches, fused or unfused Switch operation, doors closed 2 N N Work on energized parts, including voltage testing 4 Y Y Removal of bolted covers (to expose bare, energized parts) 4 N N 23

23 Table Hazard Risk Category Classifications (continued) Task (Assumes Equipment is Energized, and work is done within the Flash Protection Boundary) Hazard/Risk Category V-Rated Gloves V-Rated Tools Opening hinged covers (to expose bare, energized parts 3 N N Outdoor disconnect switch operation (hookstick operated) 3 Y Y Outdoor disconnect switch operation (gang-operated, from grade) 2 N N Insulated cable examination, in manhole or other confined space 4 Y N Insulated cable examination, in open area 2 Y N Legend: V-rated Gloves are gloves rated and tested for the maximum line-to-line voltage upon which work will be done. V-rated Tools are tools rated and tested for the maximum line-to-line voltage upon which work will be done. 2* means that a double-layer switching hood and hearing protection are required for this task in addition to the other Hazard/Risk Category 2 requirements of Table of Part II. Y = yes (required) N = no (not required) Notes: ka short circuit current available, 0.03 second (2 cycle) fault clearing time ka short circuit current available, 0.03 second (2 cycle) fault clearing time. 3. For < 10 ka short circuit current available, the Hazard/Risk Category required may be reduced by one number ka short circuit current available, 0.33 second (20 cycle) fault clearing time ka short circuit current available, up to 1.0 second (60 cycle) fault clearing time. 6. For < 25 ka short circuit current available, the Hazard/Risk Category required may be reduced by one number. 24

24 Table Protective Clothing and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Matrix Protective Clothing & Equipment Hazard/Risk Category Number Untreated Natural Fiber a. T-shirt (short sleeve) -1 (Note 3) b. Shirt (long sleeve) c. Pants (long) FR Clothing (Note 1) a. Long sleeve shirt Protective Systems for Hazard/Risk Category (Note 4) (Note 6) (Note 9) b. Pants (Note 4) (Note 6) (Note 9) c. Coverall (Note 5) (Note 7) (Note 9) (Note 5) d. Jacket, parka, or rainwear AN AN AN AN FR Protective Equipment a. Flash suit jacket (2-layer) b. Flash suit pants (2-layer) Head Protection a. Hard hat b. FR hard hat liner Eye Protection a. Safety glasses AL AL AL b. Safety goggles AL AL AL Face protection double-layer switching hood AR (Note 8) Hearing protection AR (ear canal inserts) (Note 8) Leather gloves (Note 2) AN Leather work shoes AN 25

25 Legend: AN = As needed AL = Select one in group AR = As required = Minimum required Notes: 1. See Table (ATPV is the Arc Thermal Performance Exposure Value for a garment in cal/cm 2 ). 2. If voltage-rated gloves are required, the leather protectors worn external to the rubber gloves satisfy this requirement. 3. Class 1 is only defined if determined by Notes 3 or 6 of Table of Part II. 4. Regular weight (minimum 12 oz/yd 2 fabric weight), untreated, denim cotton jeans are acceptable in lieu of FR pants. The FR pants used for Hazard/Risk Category 1 shall have a minimum ATPV of Alternate is to use FR coveralls (minimum ATPV of 5) instead of FR shirt and FR pants. 6. If the FR pants have a minimum ATPV of 8, long pants of untreated natural fiber are not required beneath the FR pants. 7. Alternate is to use FR coveralls (minimum ATPV of 5) over untreated natural fiber pants and T-shirt. 8. A double-layer switching hood and hearing protection are required for the tasks designated 2* in Table of Part II. 9. Alternate is to use two sets of FR coveralls (each with a minimum ATPV of 5) over untreated natural fiber clothing, instead of FR coveralls over FR shirt and FR pants over untreated natural fiber clothing Protective Clothing Characteristics Table lists the characteristics and degree of protection for various clothing. The protective clothing selected for the corresponding Hazard/Risk Category Number shall have an arc thermal performance exposure value. (ATPV) of a least the value listed in the last column of Table Note: The ATPV for a particular clothing system may be obtained from the FR clothing manufacturer Factors in Selection of Protective Clothing Protective clothing includes shirts, pants, coveralls, jackets, and parkas worn routinely by workers who, under normal working conditions, are exposed to momentary electric arc and related thermal hazards. Arc and flame resistant rainwear worn in inclement weather are included in this category of clothing. Clothing and equipment that maximize worker protection shall be utilized. Clothing and Layering FR and natural fiber garment shall be permitted to be used for a layered system for added protection. A typical layering system may include an undershirt, a shirt and trouser and coverall. Specific tasks may call for specific protection systems Outer Layers Garments worn as outer layers over FR clothing, such a s jackets or rainwear, shall also be made from FR material Underlayers Meltable synthetic fibers shall be avoided in fabric underlayers next to the skin. Garments worn as underlayers (underwear) that neither ignite nor melt and drip in the course of an exposure to the electric arc and related thermal hazard may provide additional thermal protection Coverage Clothing shall cover potentially exposed areas as completely as possible.

26 equipment required by the degree of exposure shall be permitted to be worn alone or be integrated with normal apparel. It shall cover associated parts of the body and all normal apparel that is not flashflame resistant, while allowing movement and visibility. All personal protective equipment shall be maintained in a sanitary and reliable condition. Individual protection items will normally be used in conjunction with one another as a system to provide appropriate protection Fit Tight-fitting clothing shall be avoided. Loose fitting clothing provides additional thermal insulation due to air spaces. FR apparel shall fit properly such that it does not interfere with the work task Interference The garment selected shall result in the least interference with the task, but still provide the necessary protection. The work method, location, and task may influence the protective equipment selected. Table Protective Clothing Characteristics Typical Protective Clothing Systems Hazard Risk Category Clothing Description (Number of clothing layers is given in parentheses) Minimum Arc Thermal Performance Exposure Value (ATVP) * or Breakopen Threshold Energy (E BT )* Rating of PPE cal/cm 2 Total Weight oz/yd 2 0 Untreated cotton (1) N/A 1 FR shirt and FR pants (1) Cotton underwear plus FR shirt and FR pants (2) Cotton underwear plus FR shirt and FR pants plus FR coverall (3) Cotton underwear plus FR shirt and FR pants plus double layer switching coat and pants (4) * ATPV is defined in the ASTM P S58 standard arc test method for flame resistant (FR) fabrics as the incident energy that would just cause the onset of a second degree burn (1.2 cal/cm 2 ). E BT is reported according to ASTM P S58 and is defined as the highest incident energy which did not cause FR fabric breakopen and did not exceed the second-degree burn criteria. E BT is reported when ATPV cannot be measured due to FR fabric breakopen. 27

27 Arc Flash Protective Equipment Flash Suits Flash suits and their closure design shall permit easy and rapid removal. The entire flash suit, including the window, shall have energy absorbing characteristics that are suitable for the arc-flash exposure Face Protection Face shields made of polycarbonate material are more appropriate fro use in situations with relatively low radiation exposure. Safety glasses and goggles provide lesser protection, but in low risk tasks they may be justified if the task involves substantial physical work in combination with good visual requirements. Eye protection (safety glasses or goggles) shall always be worn under face shields or hoods Hand Protection Gloves made from layers of flame resistant material provide the highest level of hand protection. Heavy-duty leather gloves also provide good protection. Where voltage-rated gloves are used, leather protectors shall be worn over the rubber gloves. The leather protectors also provide good arc-flash protection for the hands Foot Protection Heavy-duty leather work shoes normally provide a significant degree of protection to the feet. They are recommended for all tasks and shall be used for incident energy exposure levels 5 cal/cm 2, and higher (Hazard/Risk Category 2, and higher) Care and Maintenance of FR Clothing and FR Flash Suits Manufacturer s Instructions The garment manufacturer s instructions for care and maintenance of FR apparel shall be followed Clothing Material Characteristics Note: Flame-retardant treated cotton, metaaramid, para-aramid, and poly-benzimidazole (PBI) fibers provide thermal protection. Para-aramid adds strength to a fabric to prevent the fabric from breaking open due to the blast energy of the arc Melting Synthetic materials, such as polyester, nylon, and synthetic-cotton blends shall not be used. These materials will melt into the skin when exposed to high temperatures and aggravate the burn injury Flammability Cotton and polyester-cotton, silk, wool, and nylon fabrics are flammable. Flame-retardant treated cotton, meta-aramid, para-aramid, and PBI fabrics may ignite but will not continue to burn after the ignition source is removed. Clothing made from natural materials, such as cotton, wool, or silk shall be considered acceptable if it is determined by flash hazard analysis that the fabric will not ignite and continue to burn under the arc conditions to which it will be exposed. Note: The weight of the fabric is a factor in meeting this requirement Clothing Not Permitted Clothing made from synthetic materials such as acetate, nylon, polyester, rayon, either alone or in blends with cotton, shall not be worn Inspection FR apparel shall be inspected before each use. Work clothing of flash suites that are contaminated, greasy, worn, or damaged to the extent their protective qualities are impaired, shall be cleaned, repaired or replaced. Protective items that become soiled with grease or flammable liquids shall be removed from service and cleaned. 28