INVESTIGATION EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT GUIDLINES

Transcription

1 INVESTIGATION EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT GUIDLINES 2 nd Edition 2017

2 INVESTIGATION EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES 2 nd Edition 2017 KOMITE NASIONAL KESELAMATAN TRANSPORTASI

3 Published in separate Bahasa Indonesia and English by: Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan Medan Merdeka Timur Nomor 5 Jakarta Indonesia

4 RECORD OF REVISION Revision No. Date of Revision Affected Pages Remarks/Purpose of Revisions Original 9 September 2014 All First Edition 1 14 September 2015 Foreword Person in charge changed 0 21 August 2017 All 2 nd Edition. Change KNKT Logo and revision to several chapters to refer ICAO Annex 13 amendment 15 Note: Each amended page of KNKT guideline shall show the appropriate amendment number and date. A vertical black line on the right margin adjacent to the item that has been changed will indicate all changes. However, in any circumstances, the vertical black line is not necessary when the amendment is more than 50 percent of total pages, therefore new edition will be issued.

5 FOREWORD Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi, KNKT (National Transportation Safety Committee, NTSC) is no blame, independent, multimode safety investigation body within the Republic of Indonesia responsible directly to the President of the Republic of Indonesia. KNKT has the main duty of conducts objective and independent transport safety investigation (investigation) for four modes of transportation which are; aviation, railway, road and marine transportation. KNKT investigation is intended to prevent similar occurrence in the future without implying blame or liability. KNKT investigation in aviation is to conduct objective and independent investigation of civil aircraft accident and serious incident under the provision of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annex 13. The purpose of this guideline is to encourage the uniform application of the Standards and Recommended Practices contained in Annex 13 and to provide information and guidance to KNKT investigators on the procedures, practices and techniques that can be used in aircraft accident investigations. Since accident investigations vary in complexity, this guideline cannot cover all eventualities. The more common techniques and processes, however, have been included. Because this guideline deal with both accident and serious incident investigations and, for reasons of brevity, the term accident, as used herein, applies equally to serious incident. Throughout this guideline, the use of the male gender should be understood to include male and female persons. Although this guideline will be of use by experienced and inexperienced investigators alike, it is not a substitute for investigation training and experience. This guideline will be amended periodically as new investigation techniques are developed and new information becomes available. Readers are invited to submit material for possible inclusion in subsequent editions of this guideline. This material should be addressed to: Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi; Gedung Kementerian Perhubungan lantai 3, Jalan Medan Merdeka Timur Nomor 5, Jakarta Indonesia or to knkt@dephub.go.id. Jakarta, 21 August 2017 Dr. Ir. Soerjanto Tjahjono Chairman

6 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS... i GLOSSARY... ii LISTOF ACRONYMS... iv 1 POLICIES INVESTIGATION EQUIPMENTS Standard Investigator Equipment On site Investigation Equipment Survey Equipment Marking Equipment Tools and Sampling Materials Miscellaneous Items Personal Protective Equipment Telephones and Communications Special Equipment Special Purpose Equipment Mountaineering and Jungle Equipment Under Water Equipment PROCUREMENT, STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION General Procurements Process Storage Distribution to Investigator APPENDICES List of Equipment and Tool Stock Form Equipment and Tool Request Form Equipment Distribution Form nd Edition Revision: 0 Page: - i -

7 GLOSSARY When the following terms are used in this guideline, they have the following meanings: Accident: An occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which, in the case of a manned aircraft, takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked, or in the case of an unmanned aircraft, takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down, in which: a. A person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of: 1) being in the aircraft, or 2) direct contact with any part of the aircraft, including parts which have become detached from the aircraft, or 3) direct exposure to jet blast, except when the injuries are from natural causes, self-inflicted or inflicted by other persons, or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew; or b. The aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which: 1) adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and 2) would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component, except for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to a single engine, (including its cowlings or accessories), to propellers, wing tips, antennas, probes, vanes, tires, brakes, wheels, fairings, panels, landing gear doors, windscreens, the aircraft skin (such as small dents or puncture holes), or for minor damages to main rotor blades, tail rotor blades, landing gear, and those resulting from hail or bird strike (including holes in the radome); or c. The aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible. Note 1 For statistical uniformity only, an injury resulting in death within thirty days of the date of the accident is classified as fatal injury. Note 2 An aircraft is considered to be missing when the official search has been terminated and the wreckage has not been located. Note 3 Guidance for the determination of aircraft damage can be found in the Investigation Guideline. Aircraft: Any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than the reactions of the air against the earth s surface. Directorate General of Civil Aviation: The Indonesia governmental entity that are directly responsible for the regulation of all aspects of civil air transport, technical (i.e. air navigation and aviation safety) and economic (i.e. the commercial aspects of air transport). Flight recorder: Any type of recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of complementing accident/incident investigation. The flight recorder includes Automatic Deployable Flight Recorder (ADFR), a combination flight recorder installed on the aircraft which is capable of automatically deploying from the aircraft. 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page: - ii -

8 Incident: An occurrence, other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation. Investigation: A process conducted for the purpose of accident prevention which includes the gathering and analysis of information, the drawing of conclusions, including the determination of causes and/or contributing factors and, when appropriate, the making of safety recommendations. Investigator: A person on the basis of his or her qualification and competency to conduct transportation safety investigation. In this guideline, investigator is KNKT investigator unless otherwise specified. Investigator-in-Charge (IIC): A person charged, on the basis of his or her qualifications, with the responsibility for the organization, conduct and control of an investigation. Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi (KNKT): Indonesian accident investigation authority that is independent from State aviation authorities and other entities that could interfere with the conduct or objectivity of an investigation. Major Accident. An accident with potentially increases the complexity of investigation with regards to media interest or political issue, number institution involves, or status of occupants involves as crew or passengers. Operator: A person, organization or enterprise engaged in or offering to engage in an aircraft operation. Serious incident: An incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which, in the case of a manned aircraft, takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked, or in the case of an unmanned aircraft, takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down. Note 1 The difference between an accident and a serious incident lies only in the result. Note 2 Examples of serious incidents can be found in the Investigation Guideline. Serious Injury: An injury which is sustained by a person in an accident and which: a. requires hospitalization for more than 48 hours, commencing within seven days from the date the injury was received; or b. results in a fracture of any bone (except simple fractures of fingers, toes or nose); or c. involves lacerations which cause severe hemorrhage, nerve, muscle or tendon damage; or d. involves injury to any internal organ; or e. involves second or third degree burns, or any burns affecting more than 5 per cent of the body surface; or f. involves verified exposure to infectious substances or injurious radiation. Storage Officer: The KNKT personnel that responsible to manage the KNKT storage room. 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page: - iii -

9 LIST OF ACRONYMS The following abbreviations are used throughout this guidance: BCD : Buoyancy Control Device GPS : Global Position System ICAO : International Civil Aviation Organization IIC : Investigator-in-Charge KNKT : Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi (National Transportation Safety Committee) PPE : Personal Protective Equipment PVC : Polyvinyl Chloride ROV : Remotely Operated Vehicle 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page: - iv -

10 1 POLICIES The Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi (KNKT) has the policy to ensure investigations are conducted in safely and effective manner. It requires proper investigation equipment for the particular investigation consider the type of occurrence, type of aircraft, location of the accident and scale of the investigation activities. Aircraft accidents may occur anywhere: at airports, in mountains, swamps, deeply wooded areas, deserts, sea, etc. Hardships are often encountered in reaching accident sites in remote areas, and it is therefore important that assigned investigators be physically fit and that working gear be selected with due consideration to accident location and weather. Clothing should be comfortable and afford protection against the conditions or elements that may be encountered. Spare clothing may also be required. The most essential items of personal clothing are good footwear, a wind-proof and waterproof jacket and KNKT trousers, and appropriate headgear. The investigator should wear suitable boots which provide protection against the hazards at the accident site. Specifically, the boots should provide protection against crushing and piercing injuries and should be waterproof and oil and acid resistant. A paratroop type of boot with a heavy molded sole gives good service as general-purpose footwear in difficult terrain. Protective items, such as sun block, anti-glare spectacles and insect repellent, should also be required. The investigation field kit should contain sufficient equipment to enable examination of the wreckage, the plotting of impact points and wreckage patterns, parts identification and the recording of observations. The list of items in chapter 2 to this guideline provides list on the type of equipment which might be selected for the investigation field kit. Special equipment such as Under Water Locator Beacon may also be required. The operation of special equipment shall be performed by trained personnel. Maintenance of the equipment shall also be considered. Proper planning and preparedness are essential in facilitating the prompt arrival of investigators at an accident site and have considerable bearing on the efficiency of the investigation. In this regard, accident investigators should have their investigation field kits and essential personal items packed and ready so that they can proceed without delay to the accident site. Advance consideration should also be given to such details as inoculations, passport requirements and travel facilities. This Investigation Equipment Management Guidelines is intended to lay down the responsibilities of the KNKT polices dealing in facilitating the prompt arrival of investigators at an accident site and have considerable bearing on the efficiency of the investigation. In this regard, accident investigators should have their investigation field kits and essential personal items packed and ready so that they can proceed without delay to the accident site. Before proceeding to the accident site, investigators should have adequate supplies and equipment most appropriate to the territory to be covered (food, water, first-aid kit, camping gear, communication equipment, etc.) and should have a competent guide if it is necessary to enter wild or rugged terrain. 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

11 The type and number of the equipment required during investigations are varied depend on the type of the activity, number of personal involves, location and condition and the length period of investigation. Investigators shall carry adequate equipment for the on-site investigation. However, on certain condition, local purchasing additional equipment is allowed to ensure the safe and effective manner of the investigation. 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

12 2 INVESTIGATION EQUIPMENTS 2.1 Standard Investigator Equipment Investigators should proper planning and preparedness in facilitating the prompt arrival at an accident site and should considerable bearing on the efficiency of the investigation. The investigation field kits and essential personal items packed and ready so that the Investigator can proceed without delay to the accident site. Advance consideration should to be given to such details as administrative document. The credential card and blood-borne pathogens training card that will be evidence of having completed the blood-borne pathogens training shall be carried, The investigator clothing should be comfortable and afford protection against the conditions or elements that may be encountered. Spare clothing may also be required. The most essential items of personal clothing are good footwear, a windproof and waterproof jacket and trousers, and appropriate headgear. The investigator should wear suitable boots which provide protection against the hazards at the accident site. Specifically, the boots should provide protection against crushing and piercing injuries, waterproof, and oil and acid resistant. Before proceeding to the accident site, the investigators should have adequate supplies and equipment most appropriate. Based on the information available, the Investigator shall determine the investigation tools to be carried. It is recommended that the Investigator shall prepare adequate equipment to be carried considering the estimated duration of the on-site investigation, location of the accident site and number of participant including person assisted investigation. They should anticipate the need for special equipment and have ready access to this type of equipment. To enable deployment of investigator without delay, each investigator will be equipped with standard investigator equipment. The equipment consists of: Equipment Boots hiking Boots steel toed work Hat wide brimmed Baseball cap Socks Day glow orange or green High-visibility safety vests Cargo pants cotton Shirts long sleeved cotton Jacket Number of item (each investigator) 1 pair 1 pair 1 pair 1 piece 3 pairs 1 pieces 2 piece 2 pieces 1 pieces 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

13 2.2 On site Investigation Equipment For the purpose of investigation, the investigation team will be provided with the proper equipment and tools that may be required. The equipment and tools is stored in KNKT storage room. When require this equipment or tools, the IIC or investigator shall determine the proper equipment or tools and request KNKT personnel responsible to the storage room Survey Equipment The survey equipment consists of: a. Maps of the accident area; b. Magnetic compass; c. Global positioning system receiver; d. Laser distance measurement; e. Clinometer; f. Measuring tape; g. Reel of cord Marking Equipment The marking equipment may consist but not limited as follow: a. Labels tie-on tags and adhesive tags; b. Writing material, graph paper, notebook or clipboard; c. Pen, pencil, and permanent marker; d. KNKT investigation line Tools and Sampling Materials a. Tool kit with wrenches, screw drivers; b. Flashlight; c. Multi-purpose tool; d. Magnifying glass; e. Assorted antistatic plastic bags (for electronic components with non-volatile memory); f. Sterile bottles (for aircraft fuel, oil and fluid samples); g. Masking tape and duct tape Miscellaneous Items a. Recording equipment, such as digital cameras, video camera, digital audio recorders, and spare batteries and digital memory or other devices required (thumb drive, external hard disk). b. Binoculars. c. Notebook computer contains the update related documents. 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

14 2.3 Personal Protective Equipment The accident is apt to occur anywhere: at airports, in mountains, swamps, deeply wooded areas, deserts, etc. Hardships are often encountered in reaching accident sites in remote areas, and it is therefore important that investigators be physically fit and that working gear be selected with due consideration to terrain and weather. Identifying the most suitable personal protective equipment (PPE) for accident investigation shall consider task requirements and varying weather conditions. The following provides general guidelines on the personal protective equipment to be used by accident investigators at the accident site. The protective equipment may also be required when performing off-site examinations and tests on wreckage parts. a. Disposable latex gloves. Latex gloves should be durable even though they are to be worn under work gloves. b. Work gloves. Work gloves should be as durable as practical and provide the hand, wrist and forearm with puncture and abrasion protection. Leather, nitrile and kevlar gloves are commonly used. c. Face masks. Face masks should cover the nose and mouth. Masks come in disposable and reusable configurations. d. Protective goggles. Protective goggles should enclose the eyes by sealing around the top, bottom and sides. Goggles should be fitted with one-way check valves or vents to prevent fogging. e. Disposable protective suits. Protective suits should be durable and liquidresistant and should fit properly. If possible, they should have elastic-type hoods and elastic pant cuffs. Duct tape can be used to alter the suits and to patch tears. f. Disposable shoe covers and protective boots. Disposable shoe covers made of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) or butyl rubbers are recommended. Leather, rubber or Gortex work boots are also acceptable. g. Biological hazard disposal bags. Biological hazard disposal bags must be used for disposal of contaminated personal protective equipment. The bags are red or orange and are labeled Biological Hazard. After use of the PPE shall put in this bag prior to dispose. For transport, the disposed material should be double bagged. If the biological hazard bag is not available, it may be substituted with plastic bag. Mark or label Biological Hazard shall be used. h. Disinfection chemicals. Two chemical types are commonly used to disinfect personal protective equipment. Rubbing alcohol of 70 percent strength is effective and is available in towelettes, as well as in large hand towels. The most effective disinfectant solution is a mixture of common household bleach and water, with one part bleach to ten parts of water. Never mix alcohol and bleach. Given the variable nature of aircraft accidents and the conditions in which investigators work, it is difficult to produce a definitive list of PPE. However, a generic list is described in this chapter for use as guidance. Advice may be sought from health and safety specialists to confirm the suitability of any changes or to help identify additional suitable equipment. 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

15 When setting control measures at the site, PPE should only be introduced after other controls have been considered. These could include the isolation, removal or covering of hazards, suppression of dust and fibers, and restriction of entry to hazardous areas. For detail refer to the Safety at the Accident Site Guideline. Wearing of PPE may pose health and safety hazards due, for example, to heat stress, restriction of visibility, and hampered respiration. Types and specifications of approved PPE vary internationally and personnel should confirm the equipment most appropriate to the tasks to be undertaken. Investigators should be properly trained in the use of this required PPE, and be closely monitored to ensure their safety during the use and disposal of this PPE. 2.4 Telephones and Communications On site investigation team will be provided with the mobile telephone and communication equipment. Portable means of on-site communication, such as cellular telephone, satellite phone and/or handy talkie. If the team expected to work on the area with limited coverage of mobile telephone network, satellite telephone shall be provided. The provided mobile telephone may be used other than on-site investigation if the communication relates to office duty. 2.5 Special Equipment The nature of the specialist examination and the type of components and systems to be tested will determine the facility to be chosen Special Purpose Equipment Special equipment is the equipment that can be used for special purposes and normally requires special training or expertise to operate. Special equipment available in KNKT such as: a. Under water locator beacon detector; b. Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver; c. Aerial Photographic Equipment; d. Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV). 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

16 2.5.2 Mountaineering and Jungle Equipment The mountaineering and jungle equipment is used for investigation in remote area (mountainous or jungle area). This equipment is stored in the KNKT storage room. The IIC shall determine the requirement of mountaineering equipment as necessary. Should the investigation require staying in the remote area (mountain or jungle), the IIC shall prepared equipment including camping equipment as necessary. In circumstance where the investigator deployed with limited equipment carried, therefore the investigator may coordinate with other agency to provide the required devices. The mountaineering equipment for three persons may contain but not limited to: Mountaineering and Jungle operation kit Team Equipment Description Quantity Remark Kernmantle rope 2 50 meters each Webbing 5 10 meters each Carabiner 10 D-shape screw locker Carabiner 10 Pear shape screw locker Carabiner 10 Quick draw set Repel device 10 Figure eight Ascender 3 Croll 3 Seat Harness 3 Belay glove 2 Machete 1 Fly sheet Weather prove tent 1 Capacity 3 person Prusik rope 5 Set of rope 10 meters each with diameter 3-5 mile meter Nesting and Camping Stove 1 Medium size Fuel bottle 1 Capacity 1 litter Equipment Preserve in Package Description Quantity Remark Sleeping bag 3 Rectangular type Mattress 3 Winter jacket 3 Winter hood 3 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

17 Description Quantity Remark Snow goggle 3 Winter glove 3 Mountain back pack 3 Gaiter 3 Provide in pairs Under Water Equipment Should the accident occur in the water and the investigator requires doing the activity under water, the following equipment which preserve in package may be required. Description Quantity Remark Scuba suit 3 Buoyancy Control Device (BCD) 3 Regulator 3 Depth Pressure - Watch 3 Masker fins snorkel 3 Ballast 3 May be included in the BCD Scuba Bottle 3 Diving Knife 3 Diving torch 3 Regular diving glove 3 Heavy duty diving glove 2 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

18 3 PROCUREMENT, STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION 3.1 General Investigation equipment is developing and so as the technology. New equipment is invented. KNKT will try to equip the investigator with suitable equipment. Based on previous KNKT experience, other investigation agency or other institution, KNKT will procure necessary investigation equipment. Consumable equipment such as PPE and marking equipment will be maintained its adequacy. During on site investigation, this equipment may purchase locally. 3.2 Procurements Process Purchasing the investigation equipment is conducted by KNKT Secretariat in accordance with the procurement standard of the Ministry of Transportation. The routine purchasing investigation equipment depends on the needs and its availability. This includes PPE, standard investigation equipment, marking equipment, tools and sampling material. Additional investigation equipment consider to be required when the stock available only able to supply two investigator teams. The non-routine purchasing investigation equipment and special equipment are based on proposal of Head of Aviation Accident Investigation Sub Committee and it is for replacement or purchasing new equipment. Purchasing special equipment shall include the explanation for the necessity of the special equipment and may require approval from the Chairman. Purchasing special equipment shall consider the availability of equipment with similar function and can be rent in Indonesia and frequent use of the equipment. 3.3 Storage Electronic equipment such as digital camera, digital voice recorder, etc. shall be store in special storage cabinet with humidity control. The battery shall be removed to prevent damage and kept on high state of charge and the memory card shall be emptied. Other equipment shall be stored according to the instruction issued by the manufacturer. 3.4 Distribution to Investigator When investigator requires equipment from the storage room, the equipment storage officer may provide the required equipment. Disposable equipment such as Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) may be taken in the amount as necessary. Electronic equipment, investigation tools will be provided accordingly. All equipment distribution shall be recorded to maintain the list of equipment available in the storage room. Each investigator will be provided with Standard Investigator Equipment. Other equipment required for an investigation requires to be picked up from the storage room in the KNKT office or deliver by KNKT personnel to the investigator prior his departure. 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

19 No delay kit stored in several bags contain of standard PPE and equipment are available in storage room and it is responsibility of the storage officer to maintain equipment store in the bags. These bags are provided to minimize delay for a team to deploy. The investigator requires to ensure that contain of the bags are appropriate such as type of equipment, number and size. Additional investigation items may be provided when required. The no delay kit contains sufficient equipment appropriate to the estimated duration of work at a particular site. It may include but not limited to: a. Face masks; b. Disposable protective suits; c. Disposable latex gloves; d. Work gloves; e. Protective goggles; f. Ear muffs or ear plug; g. Hand and equipment wipes. Additional supplies and items for the no delay kit will be provided to the investigator. The additional supply may include: a. Half-face respirator completes with spare set of broad range chemical/dust cartridges (the set should be effective for organic vapor and acid gas). If required, a full-face piece respirator complete with spare set of cartridges should be included; b. Kevlar cut-resistant gloves with lined palm and fingers; c. Hard hat helmet; d. Masking tape or duct tape; e. Cleaning/disinfectant chemicals and supplies; f. First aid kit; g. Insect protective solutions and medication; h. Sun protective screen; i. Motion sickness medication. j. Biological hazard disposal bag; While deploying investigation team, the investigation equipment will be packed in two bags. One bag contains fragile equipment such as camera, notebook computer, various charging devices, spare battery and digital memory, administrative supplies, and required documents. The kits, or at least the electronic equipment, should be secured all the time. Another bag will contain PPE and other non-fragile equipment. During investigation, where additional supplies or equipment might be needed, the IIC or the investigator may purchase locally when available. The IIC or the investigator shall return the investigation equipment to the storage room after the on-site investigation has been completed. 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

20 4 APPENDICES 4.1 List of Equipment and Tool Stock Form 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

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22 4.2 Equipment and Tool Request Form 2 nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

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24 4.3 Equipment Distribution Form Form No. GUDANG-04 No Urut - DAFTAR PENERIMA EQUIPMENT AND TOOL No Nama Jenis Barang Tanggal Terima Paraf Keterangan nd Edition Revision: 0 Page:

25 Jl. Medan Merdeka Timur No.5 Jakarta INDONESIA Phone: / Fax: Call Center: Website: knkt.dephub.go.id/knkt knkt@dephub.go.id