Dynamic Journal Bearing Loading System
|
|
- Dora Foster
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Dynamic Journal Bearing Loading System Abstract A journal bearing is a supporting sleeve which allows the formation of a lubrication film, creating a low friction surface in which a shaft can freely rotate. Journal bearings are utilized in modern rotating equipment solutions, in the oil, gas, power and transportation industries worldwide. Additionally, journal bearings contribute to the longevity and efficiency of rotational systems. Therefore, it is important to understand failure modes. Currently, seed of fault testing is conducted on full scale equipment to gain an understanding of the effects of damage and contamination on the degradation of journal bearings. Data collected during the testing provides opportunities for fault detection and system design improvements. Institute of Technology ( ), supported by, researches performance and instrumentation of the reciprocating compressor. To conduct the seed of fault testing a deliberately damaged journal bearing must be perpetually replaced to identify various failure conditions. This replacement can take over six hours to accomplish. To reduce compressor down time a series of capstone projects have been commissioned by, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering at, to design a stand alone test rig capable of simulating compressor environments. The alpha prototype accomplished a working journal bearing similarity test rig capable of static loading conditions. The beta prototype, currently in development, will fit the the alpha prototype with dynamic loading capabilities using electromechanical actuators (EMA) donated by., to more accurately replicate compressor characteristics. The beta prototype will also focus implementation of sophisticated data acquisition equipment for the study of film thickness, flow conditions, fluid properties, and vibrations. Furthermore, the methodologies of design, testing and evaluation will be explored in this presentation.
2 Introduction designs, manufactures, and services a wide variety of products for use in the oil, gas, process, and power industries. In 2011, donated an reciprocating compressor to to be used for graduate and undergraduate research. Currently, much of the research is based in the areas of measurement, controls and extended life/fault testing. A journal bearing test rig was designed and fabricated by an Multidisciplinary Senior Design team during the academic year to simulate s reciprocating compressor. The prototype became the alpha version of the test rig. This project serves as a continuation of the project, improving the alpha version to the beta version. The reciprocating compressor test rig allows for rapid testing of the crank journal bearing found in the full scale compressor. Comparatively, disassembling the full scale compressor can take many hours while disassembling the test rig can take approximately a sixth of the time. The rapid disassembly allows for testing and monitoring of the crank journal bearing while reducing time between tests. The alpha version is fitted with static loading due to time and budgetary constraints. However, this does not accurately simulate the environment found in the compressor. The goal of this project is to successfully adapt the alpha version with dynamic loading while meeting bearing loads of approximately 1900 lb at 6 Hertz. Both the dynamic loading components and the base test rig will be fitted with data acquisition sensors for condition monitoring. The resulting design will add both dynamic loading as well as data acquisition without sacrificing ease of use or safety. Needs and Specifications In order to properly simulate the loading profile, there are many characteristics that needed to be met. To ensure the project provided an efficient and usable solution, we mapped the given customer requirements to engineering requirements. This identified a path to solution while focusing efforts to the most important aspects of the problem. Furthermore, the engineering requirements were measured against the customer requirements and judged for their assistance in meeting the final goal. That is, properly simulating the load profile of a reciprocating air compressor while not increasing the time required to change the bearing. The raw scores provided for each requirement were then analyzed and organized using the pareto analysis to prioritize requirements. Additionally, in order to document the testing and calibration procedures, the team created standard operating procedures. These procedures provide step by step instructions on how to perform the required calibration and testing procedures in simple terms and with detailed pictures.
3 Chart 1 Pareto Analysis Table 1 Requirements Concept Selection In efforts to find the most effective solution the team generated multiple concepts at each level of design. Starting at the systems level, a functional decomposition was developed to lay out all of the key functions the test rig. This allowed the team to focus on the subsystems that ranked highest on the Pareto chart while understanding their connections to the other parts of the system. The critical subsystems are shown in orange in figure 2
4 Figure 2 Functional Decomposition Further decomposing the subsystems into individual components followed similar brainstorming process. Morphological charts were used to visually display possible options that were then turned into potential unique solutions. This lead to the identification of the benefits and risks of each potential solution. Furthermore, minimizing risks and combining multiple ideas lead to concept selection. Concepts were then evaluated using a Pugh Chart, which is a comparative chart that displays each concept based on categories specific to the engineering requirements and design considerations. Furthermore, combining certain aspects of the concepts produced new concepts; these combinations were added to the Pugh Chart and analyzed. This became an iterative process allowing us to narrow our concepts down to four. One using piezoelectric actuators, the second using hydraulic actuation, the third using pneumatic actuation, and the final using an electromechanical actuator (EMA). Each concept was examined further until the EMA was chosen due to its accuracy and cost. While piezo had excellent micro motion abilities it was limited in its ability to displace large distances while also being very costly. Hydraulic was able meet force and speed actuation but required many additional components while also being very costly. Pneumatic actuation struggled to meet the required force without a large quantity of air on demand.
5 Figure 5 Pugh Chart The EMA concept consists of three main components; the actuator, the power supply and the controller. EMA actuation is controlled with a displacement feedback loop from the pitch of a ball screw and it s rotational position. In order to control the actuator using force feedback a secondary control loop must be created to adjust position based on applied and required force to adequately replicate the desired load profile. Another design challenge is false brinelling which occurs from lubrication being pushed out of a loaded region during small oscillatory movements that occur with micro displacements. One way to mitigate this is to do periodic macro displacements with one or more full screw revolutions to to re distribute lubrication within the rolling elements. To ensure testing won t exceed manufacturer's recommended limits of micro cycles the following calculation was completed. Mounting Design When deciding how to mount the EMA s various design aspects were taken into consideration. These include both budget and structural features. Additionally to simulate a sinusoidal loading profile actuation has to occur in two directions x any y. Parallel to the test rig surface was determined to be the x direction while parallel to the test rig legs is the y direction. Mounting in the x direction simply required holding the EMA to the table while placing the shaft in the center of the bearing housing. The specifics of the x direction mounting can be seen below in Figure 6.
6 Figure 6 However, mounting in the y direction was more difficult because the EMA has to sit perpendicular to the surface. Thus the EMA had to either be mounted above the bearing block or hang from below the table surface. Mounting above the bearing block was quickly, eliminated because it would restrict access to the bearing housing. Thus we utilized the Pugh method of concept selection to determine which of our concepts would be the best design to attach to the bottom of the table surface. The analysis allows us to see concept B was the best option. Furthermore, concept B is the x direction mount flipped upside down. The ultimate considerations for the mounting design were stress and deflection. Because we were actuating at such low displacements the deflections had to be small enough to overcome with our control. Lastly, the total stress had to be low enough to ensure the endurance limit of our components allowed for infinite life of steel. Vibration Analysis
7 To analyze the vibrations of our test rig, the focus was directed towards the components which created a frequency: the motor and the shaft. While the shaft is known to spin at 360rpm (6Hz) the motor drive rpm was unknown. Using simple pulley ratios, the rpm and frequency of the motor drive was determined to be rpm and 21.43Hz respectfully. With the frequencies of both major components on the table, Leissa s vibrations of plates analysis can be performed to determine the vibration of the plate itself, using the Simply Supported of the four corners of the plate as the worst case scenario [4]. Table 4.89 is used to find ƛ, which gives values of the desired wavelengths determined by the length ratio. Frequency was found using the following relationship and input parameters Because our ratio is between two of the parameters found in Table 4.89, we know the frequencies found with these two values will be the limits of our actual vibration. Frequency Excerpt from Table 4.89 Length Ratio = 1.0 Length Ratio = rev/s rev/s Frequency 88.2 Hz Hz Typically, the frequencies will be considered safe to avoid resonance between them if they are outside their values multiplied by 4. The actual value will come out to approximately 100Hz, but cannot be directly interpolated since the relationship of the data isn t linear. Data Acquisition Although the primary focus of this project is the ability of dynamic actuation, data acquisition capabilities account for many of the secondary objectives. In terms of condition monitoring and seed of fault research, the ability to obtain accurate data at the time of failure is crucial. Knowing the applied load to the system, is important to both the actuation system, to provide feedback to the EMAs, and to the data acquisition system, to understand at what load the bearing fails. load cells capable of 2000 lbs of force will be implemented between the EMAs and the bearing housing. The load cells work with strain gauges that output millivolt
8 signals corresponding to the experienced load. These signals are then interpreted by signal conditioners that convert it to a zero to ten volt scale that is then interpreted using s programming methods. We are using load cells and signal conditioners donated by, for the first iteration which have limited sampling capabilities of 60 samples a second. Testing will determine if this is sufficient. Determining the position of journal in respect to the journal bearing allows the systems eccentricity and film thickness to be determined. The diametric clearance of 90 microns represents the total displacement the system can undergo, therefore linear variable differential transformers (LVDT) were chosen due to their ability to measure such small displacements. Similar to the load cell, the signals are converted using a signal conditioner and processed using a. The also interprets data from an pressure transducer located at the oil inlet of the bearing housing along with vibration, angular position and temperature data. The vibrations of the system are analyzed by a Kistler accelerometer and ( ) usb 4431 capable of 102.4kS/s. A quadrature encoder is used to analyze the angular position which is sent to the actuation controller to apply the proper load profile and to the data acquisition system to give rotational velocity (RPM) data. Finally the thermocouples (TC) acquire temperature data from the journal bearing, oil outlet and oil reservoir and are imported to using an TC module. Oil Flow Problem Solving As part of our customer requirements we were tasked with acquiring the oil flow rate through the journal bearing. The system that was used in the alpha prototype was unsuccessful due to significantly smaller flow rates than anticipated. To understand the cause of this reduced flow we utilized our problem solving process. First we identified that the issue was perpetuating from the bearing housing by checking oil flow at each major component. We then analyzed the oil flow path through the bearing housing and identified potential restriction. With the assistance of Dr. we developed a theoretical model for the oil flow, Q p, under no load and no rotation using the equation given by Martin and Lee [6]. Where D is the bearing diameter, C is the radial clearance between the journal and bearing, P f is the groove supply pressure, μ is the dynamic viscosity, ε is the journal eccentricity ratio, L is the overall bearing length, and a is the groove width. From this equation we were able to identify the parameters with the most influence and check our assumed values with experimentation. Such as measuring the pressure drop induced by the journal bearing s orifice like feed hole which was 20 psi. The measured radial clearance between the journal and journal bearing was about 30 percent smaller than specified by the alpha team s design. After the analyses the theoretical flow rate were gpm when the journal eccentricity ratio is 1 and a value of gpm when the journal eccentricity ratio is 0. Our measured value of gpm correlates well. From these finding we are able to verify the low flow rate as adequate and that
9 the alpha prototypes flow meter was over sized. Next we plan to test flow rates with journal rotation and dynamic loading both analytically and experimentally. References [1] Budynas, Richard G., J. Keith. Nisbett, and Joseph Edward. Shigley. Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design [2] Fox, Robert W., Alan T. McDonald, and Philip J. Pritchard. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, Print. [3] Holzenkamp, Markus. Modeling and Condition Monitoring of Fully Floating Reciprocating Compressor Main Bearings Using Data Driven Classification. Rochester Institute of Technology, [4] Leissa, A. W., 1969, Vibration of Plates, NASA Report SP 160 [5] Manring, Noah. Hydraulic Control Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, Print. [6] Martin, F. A., and Lee, C.S., 1983, Feed Pressure Flow in Plain Journal Bearings, ASLE Transactions, 26, pp [7] Palm, William J. System Dynamics. Boston, MA: McGraw Hill, Print. [8] Parker Hannifin Corporation. Parker Pneumatic. Cataloug PDE2600PNUK, Print. [9] "Piezo Nano Positioning." Physik Instrumente (PI) Gmb H and Co. KG, Web. [10] Rippel, Harry C.,1960. Cast Bronze Bearing Design Manual, Cast Bronze Bearing Institute Inc.
Updated Performance and Operating Characteristics of a Novel Rotating Spool Compressor
Updated Performance and Operating Characteristics of a Novel Rotating Spool Compressor Joe Orosz Torad Engineering Cumming, Georgia Craig R. Bradshaw, PhD Torad Engineering LLC Cumming, Georgia Greg Kemp
More informationSecond Generation Bicycle Charging Station. Engineering Analysis
Second Generation Bicycle Charging Station By Jonathan Jerome, Michael Klinefelter, Connor Kroneberger, Kori Molever, and Robert Rosenberg Team 22B Engineering Analysis Document Submitted towards partial
More informationProject Number: P14474
Multidisciplinary Senior Design Conference Kate Gleason College of Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester, New York 14623 Project Number: P14474 HYDROSTATIC TEST APPARATUS Anushka Kalicharan
More informationProject Number: P17453
Multidisciplinary Senior Design Conference Kate Gleason College of Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester, New York 14623 Project Number: P17453 DRESSER-RAND RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR TEST
More informationDrilling Efficiency Utilizing Coriolis Flow Technology
Session 12: Drilling Efficiency Utilizing Coriolis Flow Technology Clement Cabanayan Emerson Process Management Abstract Continuous, accurate and reliable measurement of drilling fluid volumes and densities
More informationPEAPOD. Pneumatically Energized Auto-throttled Pump Operated for a Developmental Upperstage. Test Readiness Review
PEAPOD Pneumatically Energized Auto-throttled Pump Operated for a Developmental Upperstage Test Readiness Review Customer: Special Aerospace Services Chris Webber and Tim Bulk 1 Overview Project Overview
More informationExperimental Determination of Temperature and Pressure Profile of Oil Film of Elliptical Journal Bearing
International Journal of Advanced Mechanical Engineering. ISSN 2250-3234 Volume 4, Number 5 (2014), pp. 469-474 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com Experimental Determination of Temperature
More informationGerald D. Anderson. Education Technical Specialist
Gerald D. Anderson Education Technical Specialist The factors which influence selection of equipment for a liquid level control loop interact significantly. Analyses of these factors and their interactions
More informationApplication of Computational Fluid Dynamics to Compressor Efficiency Improvement
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 1994 Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics to Compressor Efficiency Improvement J.
More informationInvestigation of failure in performance of linear compressor & its rectifications
Investigation of failure in performance of linear compressor & its rectifications #1 M.B.Nirali, #2 Dr.V.K.Bhojwani #1 mechanical Engineering, Jscoe, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune India #2 mechanical
More informationAIRMOUNT VIBRATION ISOLATION
MOUNT VIBRATION ISOLATION SELECTION AND ISOLATION FORMULA Refer to the selection guide on page 33 for Airmount load and isolation capabilities. Follow this procedure: 1. LOAD CAPACITY Select one or two
More informationInstrumentation & Data Acquisition Systems
Instrumentation & Data Acquisition Systems Section 4 - Pressure Robert W. Harrison, PE Bob@TheHarrisonHouse.com Made in USA 1 Definition of Pressure Pressure is the amount of force applied perpendicular
More informationCover Page for Lab Report Group Portion. Pump Performance
Cover Page for Lab Report Group Portion Pump Performance Prepared by Professor J. M. Cimbala, Penn State University Latest revision: 02 March 2012 Name 1: Name 2: Name 3: [Name 4: ] Date: Section number:
More informationVibration Analysis and Test of Backup Roll in Temper Mill
Sensors & Transducers 2013 by IFSA http://www.sensorsportal.com Vibration Analysis and Test of Backup Roll in Temper Mill Yuanmin Xie College of Machinery and Automation, Wuhan University of Science and
More informationThe Estimation Of Compressor Performance Using A Theoretical Analysis Of The Gas Flow Through the Muffler Combined With Valve Motion
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering The Estimation Of Compressor Performance Using A Theoretical Analysis Of The Gas Flow Through
More informationThe Ins and Outs of I/P Transducers
The Ins and Outs of I/P Transducers By Mark B. Levine, ControlAir Inc. General description I/P transducers are versatile instruments that use an electrical control signal to proportionally regulate gas
More informationExercise 2-3. Flow Rate and Velocity EXERCISE OBJECTIVE C C C
Exercise 2-3 EXERCISE OBJECTIVE C C C To describe the operation of a flow control valve; To establish the relationship between flow rate and velocity; To operate meter-in, meter-out, and bypass flow control
More informationDevelopment of a High Pressure, Oil Free, Rolling Piston Compressor
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 1994 Development of a High Pressure, Oil Free, Rolling Piston Compressor S. J. Delmotte
More informationGoulds 3296 EZMAG. Chemical Process Pump
Goulds 3296 EZMAG Chemical Process Pump 3296 EZMAG Chemical Process Pump Capacities to 700 gpm (160 m3/h) Heads to 620 ft (189 m) Temperatures to 535 F (280 C) Pressures to 275 PSIG Performance Features
More informationKAYDON RING & SEAL, INC.
KAYDON RING & SEAL, INC. K-DGS Series Dry Gas Seals KAYDON K-DGS Dry Gas Seals K-DGS Configurations Single Seal (K-DGS) Compact and economical, the single seal configuration is recommended for non-toxic
More informationAC : A LABORATORY EXERCISE TO DEMONSTRATE HOW TO EXPERIMENTALLY DETERMINE THE OPERATING POINT FOR A FAN
AC 2007-206: A LABORATORY EXERCISE TO DEMONSTRATE HOW TO EXPERIMENTALLY DETERMINE THE OPERATING POINT FOR A FAN Robert Edwards, Pennsylvania State University-Erie Robert Edwards is currently a Lecturer
More informationExperimental research on instability fault of high-speed aerostatic bearing-rotor system
Experimental research on instability fault of high-speed aerostatic bearing-rotor system Dongjiang Han 1, Changliang Tang 2, Jinfu Yang 3, Long Hao 4 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy
More informationCOMPARING PLUG & SEAT REGULATORS & CONTROL VALVES. Lamar Jones. Equipment Controls Company 4555 South Berkeley Lake Road Norcross, GA 30071
COMPARING PLUG & SEAT REGULATORS & CONTROL VALVES Lamar Jones Equipment Controls Company 4555 South Berkeley Lake Road Norcross, GA 30071 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper will be to compare a plug
More informationTECHNICAL DATA. Q = C v P S
Page 1 of 13 1. DESCRIPTION The Viking 6 Model G-6000 Dry Valve Riser Assembly consists of a small profile, light weight, pilot operated valve that is used to separate the water supply from the dry sprinkler
More informationWATER HYDRAULIC HIGH SPEED SOLENOID VALVE AND ITS APPLICATION
WATER HYDRAULIC HIGH SPEED SOLENOID VALVE AND ITS APPLICATION Akihito MITSUHATA *, Canghai LIU *, Ato KITAGAWA * and Masato KAWASHIMA ** * Department of Mechanical and Control Engineering, Graduate school
More informationLinear Compressor Suction Valve Optimization
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2016 Linear Compressor Suction Valve Optimization Rinaldo Puff Embraco, Brazil, rinaldo.puff@embraco.com
More informationAir Operated Hydraulic Pumping Systems to 50,000 psi
High Pressure Equipment Air Operated Hydraulic Pumping Systems to 50,000 psi PS-10: 10,000 psi PS-20: 20,000 psi PS-30: 30,000 psi PS-40: 40,000 psi PS-50: 50,000 psi PS-90: 90,000 psi High Pressure air
More informationFigure 1 Schematic of opposing air bearing concept
Theoretical Analysis of Opposing Air Bearing Concept This concept utilizes air bearings to constrain five degrees of freedom of the optic as shown in the figure below. Three pairs of inherently compensated
More informationSINGLE VALVE WITH LOW-FLOW BYPASS
CONTROL VALVES Pressure Reducing Valve Sizing Guide Sizing pilot operated reducing valves is not a complicated process. It starts with determining requirements and following these guidelines in valve size
More informationFail Operational Controls for an Independent Metering Valve
Group 14 - System Intergration and Safety Paper 14-3 465 Fail Operational Controls for an Independent Metering Valve Michael Rannow Eaton Corporation, 7945 Wallace Rd., Eden Prairie, MN, 55347, email:
More informationAnalysis of Shear Lag in Steel Angle Connectors
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Honors Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Spring 2013 Analysis of Shear Lag in Steel Angle Connectors Benjamin Sawyer
More informationAC : MEASUREMENT OF HYDROGEN IN HELIUM FLOW
AC 2010-2145: MEASUREMENT OF HYDROGEN IN HELIUM FLOW Randy Buchanan, University of Southern Mississippi Christopher Winstead, University of Southern Mississippi Anton Netchaev, University of Southern Mississippi
More informationThe Usage of Propeller Tunnels For Higher Efficiency and Lower Vibration. M. Burak Şamşul
The Usage of Propeller Tunnels For Higher Efficiency and Lower Vibration M. Burak Şamşul ITU AYOC 2014 - Milper Pervane Teknolojileri Company Profile MILPER is established in 2011 as a Research and Development
More informationDesign Enhancements on Dry Gas Seals for Screw Compressor Applications
VDI-Berichte Nr. 1932, 2006 B 8 331 Design Enhancements on Dry Gas Seals for Screw Compressor Applications Dipl.-Ing C. Kirchner, Flowserve Dortmund GmbH & Co KG, Dortmund Introduction The development
More informationBulkhead Seals A Sealing Solution
Bulkhead Seals A Sealing Solution Brian P. Roche ABSTRACT Typical Marine bulkhead seals today utilize a non-metallic seal ring of some kind to seal between the shaft and the seal housing mounted to the
More informationTECHNICAL DATA 3 MODEL G-3000 DRY VALVE RISER ASSEMBLY
Page 1 of 13 1. DESCRIPTION The Viking 3 Model G-3000 Dry Valve Riser Assembly is equipped with a small profile, light weight, pilot operated valve that is used to separate the water supply from the dry
More informationMoyno ERT Power Sections. Operational Guidelines
Moyno ERT Power Sections Operational Guidelines Moyno ERT Power Section Operational Guidelines Index 1. Introduction... 3 2. ERT Performance Graph Interpretation... 3 3. Elastomer Compression (Fit) Recommendations...
More informationCover Page for Lab Report Group Portion. Head Losses in Pipes
Cover Page for Lab Report Group Portion Head Losses in Pipes Prepared by Professor J. M. Cimbala, Penn State University Latest revision: 02 February 2012 Name 1: Name 2: Name 3: [Name 4: ] Date: Section
More informationDesign Project 2 Sizing of a Bicycle Chain Ring Bolt Set ENGR 0135 Sangyeop Lee November 16, 2016 Jordan Gittleman Noah Sargent Seth Strayer Desmond
1 Design Project 2 Sizing of a Bicycle Chain Ring Bolt Set ENGR 0135 Sangyeop Lee November 16, 2016 Jordan Gittleman Noah Sargent Seth Strayer Desmond Zheng 2 Abstract This report will analyze our calculations,
More informationDesign and Analysis of Rotary Lawn Mower
Design and Analysis of Rotary Lawn Mower Vivek P Revi Vishnu N V Akhil K A Rohith P Kevin Rozario Abstract- KAMCO Industries, Athani, India is a reputed industry undertaken by Kerala state government producing
More informationHydronic Systems Balance
Hydronic Systems Balance Balancing Is Misunderstood Balancing is application of fundamental hydronic system math Balance Adjustment of friction loss location Adjustment of pump to requirements By definition:
More information6. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD. A primary result of the current research effort is the design of an experimental
6. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD 6.1 Introduction A primary result of the current research effort is the design of an experimental setup that can simulate the interaction of a windmill with a vortex wake and record
More informationInfluencing Factors Study of the Variable Speed Scroll Compressor with EVI Technology
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2016 Influencing Factors Study of the Variable Speed Scroll Compressor with EVI Technology
More information2600T Series Pressure Transmitters Plugged Impulse Line Detection Diagnostic. Pressure Measurement Engineered solutions for all applications
Application Description AG/266PILD-EN Rev. C 2600T Series Pressure Transmitters Plugged Impulse Line Detection Diagnostic Pressure Measurement Engineered solutions for all applications Increase plant productivity
More informationTECHNICAL DATA. Q= Cv S
Page 1 of 13 1. DESCRIPTION The Viking 4 inch Model G-4000 Dry Valve Riser Assembly consists of a small profile, light weight, pilot operated valve that is used to separate the water supply from the dry
More informationTradition & Technology
Gaterotor Support Gaterotor Single Screw Compressors Design & Operation Bearing Bearings Main Screw Parallex Slide System The VSM Single Screw Compressor has one main rotor and two gaterotors. All bearings
More informationZIN Technologies PHi Engineering Support. PHi-RPT CFD Analysis of Large Bubble Mixing. June 26, 2006
ZIN Technologies PHi Engineering Support PHi-RPT-0002 CFD Analysis of Large Bubble Mixing Proprietary ZIN Technologies, Inc. For nearly five decades, ZIN Technologies has provided integrated products and
More informationTECHNICAL DATA Q = C. v P S. 2 Model G-2000 Dry valve. Page 1 of 13
Page 1 of 13 1. Description The Viking 2 Model G-2000 Dry Valve Riser Assembly consists of a small profile, light weight, pilot operated valve that is used to separate the water supply from the dry sprinkler
More informationBEST PRACTICES Mike Johnson / Contributing Editor
BEST PRACTICES Mike Johnson / Contributing Editor GeAR drives: Key concepts: Selecting the correct lubricant There are several different gear tooth forms or designs, each with its own strengths and weaknesses
More informationDesign Review Agenda
Design Review Agenda 1) Introduction, Motivation, and Previous Work a. Previous Work and Accomplishments i. Platform Launches ii. Successful Test Firings 2) More In-Depth Design Overview of the Existing
More informationONSITE PROVING OF GAS METERS. Daniel J. Rudroff WFMS Inc West Bellfort Sugar Land, Texas. Introduction
ONSITE PROVING OF GAS METERS Daniel J. Rudroff WFMS Inc. 13901 West Bellfort Sugar Land, Texas Introduction With the increased use of Natural Gas as a fuel, and higher natural gas prices buyers and sellers
More informationCorrelation Between the Fluid Structure Interaction Method and Experimental Analysis of Bending Stress of a Variable Capacity Compressor Suction Valve
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 24 Correlation Between the Fluid Structure Interaction Method and Experimental Analysis
More informationImprove Reliability of Turbomachinery Lubrication and Sealing Systems
Improve Reliability of Turbomachinery Lubrication and Sealing Systems Fisher Pressure Control Solutions For Turbomachinery Applications Protect the integrity of your Turbomachinery support system Turbomachinery
More informationVibration Related Failures of Small-Bore Attachments
Vibration Related Failures of Small-Bore Attachments Brian C. Howes, M.Sc., P.Eng Chief Engineer bhowes@betamachinery.com Chris B. Harper, P.Eng Project Engineer charper@betamachinery.com Beta Machinery
More informationDescription. Chassis. Cabinet. Long chassis - Type: Dimensions (mm): 2700 x 1200 x 1678
1 ITV bench is equipped with a INJETVISION vision system whose purpose is to observe and study the jets from high pressure diesel injector in inert atmosphere (nitrogen or CO2) up to 50 bar (± 0.5 bar).
More informationEvaluation of a Prototype Rotating Spool Compressor in Liquid Flooded Operation
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2010 Evaluation of a Prototype Rotating Spool Compressor in Liquid Flooded Operation Gregory
More informationLevel MEASUREMENT 1/2016
Level MEASUREMENT 1/2016 AGENDA 2 A. Introduction B. Float method C. Displacer method D. Hydrostatic pressure method E. Capacitance method G. Ultrasonic method H. Radar method I. Laser method J. Level
More informationDesign of a double quadruped for the Tech United soccer robot
Design of a double quadruped for the Tech United soccer robot M.J. Naber (0571509) DCT report number: 2009.134 Master Open Space project Eindhoven, 21 December 2009 Supervisor dr.ir. P.C.J.N. Rosielle
More informationA Numerical Simulation of Fluid-Structure Interaction for Refrigerator Compressors Suction and Exhaust System Performance Analysis
1131, Page 1 A Numerical Simulation of Fluid-Structure Interaction for Refrigerator Compressors Suction and Exhaust System Performance Analysis Shoufei Wu*, Zonghuai Wang Jiaxipera Compressor Co., Ltd.,
More informationLab 1: Pressure and surface tension. Bubblers, gravity and the mighty paper clip.
Lab 1: Pressure and surface tension. Bubblers, gravity and the mighty paper clip. CEE 3310 - Summer 2012 SAFETY The major safety hazard in this laboratory is a shock hazard. Given that you will be working
More informationDesign, Static Structural & Model Analysis of Water Ring Vacuum Pump Impeller
IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development Vol. 6, Issue 03, 2018 ISSN (online): 2321-0613 Design, Static Structural & Model Analysis of Water Ring Vacuum Pump Impeller Ajay A.
More informationDeploying the TCM-1 Tilt Current Meter in an Inverted (Hanging) Orientation By: Nick Lowell, Founder & President
Lowell Instruments Application Note #TCMA Deploying the TCM-1 Tilt Current Meter in an Inverted (Hanging) Orientation By: Nick Lowell, Founder & President 1 Introduction The TCM-1 Tilt Current Meter (TCM)
More informationLab 4: Root Locus Based Control Design
Lab 4: Root Locus Based Control Design References: Franklin, Powell and Emami-Naeini. Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems, 3 rd ed. Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts: 1994. Ogata, Katsuhiko. Modern Control
More informationDESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF WORK ROLL CHOCK AND BACKUP ROLL CHOCK IN COLD ROLLING MILL
DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF WORK ROLL CHOCK AND BACKUP ROLL CHOCK IN COLD ROLLING MILL Tukesh Sahu 1, Prof. G.R.Kesheory 2 1M.Tech Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, VITS Indore, MP, India 2Assistant
More informationApplied Fluid Mechanics
Applied Fluid Mechanics 1. The Nature of Fluid and the Study of Fluid Mechanics 2. Viscosity of Fluid 3. Pressure Measurement 4. Forces Due to Static Fluid 5. Buoyancy and Stability 6. Flow of Fluid and
More informationChapter 7. SCIIB Pressure Sensor Performance Evaluations: Experiments, Results and Discussions
: Experiments, Results and Discussions This chapter will summarize the experiments and results associated with the development of the single-mode fiber-based SCIIB pressure sensor system. We will start
More informationInvestigation of Suction Process of Scroll Compressors
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2006 Investigation of Suction Process of Scroll Compressors Michael M. Cui Trane Jack Sauls
More informationInstructions for SMV 3000 Multivariable Configuration (MC) Data Sheets
Instructions for SMV 3000 Multivariable Configuration (MC) Data Sheets Similar to the TC option for ST 3000 transmitters, the MC option for the SMV 3000 provides a service to our customers which results
More informationPressure on Demand. Air Pressure Amplifiers
Pressure on Demand Air Pressure Amplifiers Introduction Haskel air pressure amplifiers offer the most comprehensive range in the industry combining simple principles of operation with rugged construction
More informationAnalysis of Pressure Rise During Internal Arc Faults in Switchgear
Analysis of Pressure Rise During Internal Arc Faults in Switchgear ASANUMA, Gaku ONCHI, Toshiyuki TOYAMA, Kentaro ABSTRACT Switchgear include devices that play an important role in operations such as electric
More informationThe Discussion of this exercise covers the following points:
Exercise 3-2 Orifice Plates EXERCISE OBJECTIVE In this exercise, you will study how differential pressure flowmeters operate. You will describe the relationship between the flow rate and the pressure drop
More informationAcoustical Modeling of Reciprocating Compressors With Stepless Valve Unloaders
Acoustical Modeling of Reciprocating Compressors With Stepless Valve Unloaders Kelly Eberle, P.Eng. Principal Engineer keberle@betamachinery.com Brian C. Howes, M.Sc., P.Eng. Chief Engineer bhowes@betamachinery.com
More informationPressure Measurement
Pressure Measurement Manometers Sensors, Transducers Ashish J. Modi Lecturer, Dept. of Mech.Engg., Shri S.V.M. inst. Of Technology, Bharuch Pressure Pressure is a force per unit area exerted by a fluid
More informationThe Effect of Refrigerant Dissolved in Oil on Journal Bearings Reliability
Purdue University Purdue e-pubs nternational Compressor Engineering Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 1986 The Effect of Refrigerant Dissolved in Oil on Journal Bearings Reliability H. Kobayashi
More informationCrossed Roller Bearings Series Crossed Roller Bearings Series:
Crossed Roller Bearings Series Crossed Roller Bearings Series: Proprietary 2V Grinding Technology 102 Crossed Roller Bearing Series: Overview High Precision Bearing Sets Proprietary 2V Grinding Technology
More informationApplication Worksheet
Application Worksheet All dimensions are nominal. Dimensions in [ ] are in millimeters. Service Conditions Medium Through Valve: Required C v : Temperature Maximum: Minimum: Normal: Flow Maximum: Minimum:
More informationSmart Water Application Technologies (SWAT)
Smart Water Application Technologies (SWAT) Turf and Landscape Irrigation Equipment PRESSURE REGULATING SPRAY HEAD SPRINKLERS Equipment Functionality Test Testing Protocol Version 3.0 (May 2012) Developed
More informationA New Piston Gauge to Improve the Definition of High Gas Pressure and to Facilitate the Gas to Oil Transition in a Pressure Calibration Chain
A New iston Gauge to Improve the Definition of High Gas ressure and to Facilitate the Gas to Oil Transition in a ressure Calibration Chain ierre Delajoud, Martin Girard DH Instruments, Inc. 4765 East Beautiful
More informationLab #1 Pressure: Bubblers and Water Balloons CEE 331 Fall 2003
CEE 331 Lab 1 Page 1 of 9 SAFETY Lab #1 Pressure: Bubblers and Water Balloons CEE 331 Fall 2003 Laboratory exercise based on an exercise developed by Dr. Monroe Weber-Shirk The major safety hazard in this
More informationComputer Aided Drafting, Design and Manufacturing Volume 26, Number 2, June 2016, Page 53. The design of exoskeleton lower limbs rehabilitation robot
Computer Aided Drafting, Design and Manufacturing Volume 26, Number 2, June 2016, Page 53 CADDM The design of exoskeleton lower limbs rehabilitation robot Zhao Xiayun 1, Wang Zhengxing 2, Liu Zhengyu 1,3,
More informationSTUDY OF UNDERWATER THRUSTER (UT) FRONT COVER OF MSI300 AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLE (AUV) USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS (FEA)
STUDY OF UNDERWATER THRUSTER (UT) FRONT COVER OF MSI300 AUTONOMOUS UNDERWATER VEHICLE (AUV) USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS (FEA) M. Sabri 1, 2, T. Ahmad 1, M. F. M. A. Majid 1 and A. B. Muhamad Husaini
More informationLiquid Level Measurement
Technical Article Liquid Level Measurement A pressure transmitter can be used to determine the liquid level in a tank, well, river or other body of liquid. The pressure at the bottom of a liquid filled
More informationGP1 & GP2. Electropneumatic Regulators FOR PRESSURE CONTROL TO 1,000 PSI
GP1 & GP2 Electropneumatic Regulators FOR PRESSURE CONTROL TO 1, PSI GP1 & GP2 Functional Description The GP series control valve is an electronic pressure regulator designed to precisely control the pressure
More informationMECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS: COMPRESSORS, PUMPS, SEALS, SPEED DRIVES, CONTROL VALVES & ACTUATORS & SAFETY RELIEF VALVES
Training Title MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS: COMPRESSORS, PUMPS, SEALS, SPEED DRIVES, CONTROL VALVES & ACTUATORS & SAFETY RELIEF VALVES Training Duration 5 days Training Venue and Dates REF Mechanical Equipments:
More informationExercise 8. Closed-Loop Pressure Control, Proportional-Plus-Integral Mode EXERCISE OBJECTIVE
Exercise 8 Closed-Loop Pressure Control, EXERCISE OBJECTIVE To understand open and closed-loop pressure control; To learn how to sense the pressure in a pneumatic circuit; To control the pressure in a
More informationGEA FOR ADVANCED STRUCTURAL DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
SMART SOLUTIONS FOR VIBRATION MONITORING GEA FOR ADVANCED STRUCTURAL DYNAMIC ANALYSIS ANALYSIS OF CIVIL STRUCTURES - EXPO MERLATA PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE ABSTRACT Civil structures and in particular bridges and
More informationHYDRAULICS. H89.8D - Hydraulic Bench
HYDRAULICS H89.8D - Hydraulic Bench 1. General The H89.8D and ancillary equipment have been developed to provide a comprehensive range of experiments in fluid mechanics. The bench is of robust construction
More informationTi-Pure TITANIUM DIOXIDE DETERMINATION OF SLURRY RHEOLOGY METHOD: T WP
Ti-Pure TITANIUM DIOXIDE DETERMINATION OF SLURRY RHEOLOGY METHOD: T4400.308.01.WP 1 TITANIUM DIOXIDE (Ti-Pure ) Rheology of Titanium Dioxide Slurries I. Principle Rheology is a measurement of the fluid
More informationResearch and optimization of intake restrictor for Formula SAE car engine
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2014 1 Research and optimization of intake restrictor for Formula SAE car engine Pranav Anil Shinde Mechanical Engineering,
More information2005 CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE (Part 1 of 3) MECH-1-A
2005 CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE (Part 1 of 3) MECH-1-A PROJECT ADDRESS TESTING AUTHORITY TELEPHONE Checked by/date Enforcement Agency Use GENERAL INFORMATION OF BLDG. PERMIT PERMIT # BLDG. CONDITIONED FLOOR
More informationHTHP Viscometer. Features DRILLING FLUIDS EQUIPMENT
DRILLING FLUIDS EQUIPMENT For over 30 years OFI Testing Equipment (OFITE) has provided instruments and reagents for testing drilling fluids, well cements, completion fluids, and wastewater. In addition
More informationCFD Simulation and Experimental Validation of a Diaphragm Pressure Wave Generator
CFD Simulation and Experimental Validation of a Diaphragm Pressure Wave Generator T. Huang 1, A. Caughley 2, R. Young 2 and V. Chamritski 1 1 HTS-110 Ltd Lower Hutt, New Zealand 2 Industrial Research Ltd
More informationNext Generation Quartz Pressure Gauges
Next Generation Quartz Pressure Gauges Rick Puccio, Ph.D. Senior Scientist Quartzdyne Houston, TX March 2, 2016 Outline Quartz Pressure Gauge Introduction Gauge Size Reduction Long Term Pressure Drift
More informationEN00 Pre-Instructional Survey
EN00 Pre-Instructional Survey Name: Date: 1. At 433 degrees F, a type J thermocouple with a 3 degree F reference junction will produce an output in millivolts that is most nearly to: a. 9.04 b. 10.51 c.
More informationDesign of a Microcontroller-Based Pitch Angle Controller for a Wind Powered Generator
Journal of Engineering and Science Research 1 (2): 133-138, e-issn RMP Publications, DOI: Design of a Microcontroller-Based Pitch Angle Controller for a Wind Powered Generator Glenn V. Magwili, Michael
More informationUnderstanding Centrifugal Compressor Capacity Controls:
Understanding Centrifugal Compressor Capacity Controls: Richard Stasyshan, CAGI Technical Consultant and the Centrifugal Compressor Section of the Compressed Air & Gas Institiute (CAGI). CAGI and our centrifugal
More informationPump Selection and Sizing (ENGINEERING DESIGN GUIDELINE)
Guidelines for Processing Plant Page : 1 of 64 Feb 2007 (ENGINEERING DESIGN GUIDELINE) Author: A L Ling Checked by: Karl Kolmetz TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION Scope 5 General Design Consideration Type
More informationAIR-OPERATED DOUBLE DIAPHRAGM PUMP USER S MANUAL
00, 0, 000 00, 000, 00 A. TECHNICAL INFORMATION Model 00 Inlet/Outlet " Air Inlet /" 0 / 000 /" /" 00 /" /" 000 /" /" 00 /" /" Flow Rate GPM/ 0LPM GPM/ 0LPM GPM/ LPM GPM/ LPM GPM/ 0LPM GPM/ 0LPM Maximum
More informationLecture 18. Aerostatic Bearings
Lecture 18 Aerostatic Bearings 18-1 Aerostatic Bearings Aerostatic bearings utilize a thin film of high-pressure air to support a load. Since air has a very low viscosity, bearings gaps need to be small,
More informationNANO-LAUNCH REACTION CONTROL SYSTEM 25% Report
EML 4905 Senior Design Project A B.S. THESIS PREPARED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING NANO-LAUNCH REACTION CONTROL SYSTEM 25% Report
More information