Lighting Up Her Way Home: Using Public Participation Techniques to Improve Urban Transport Project Design in China. Christopher R.

Transcription

1 Lighting Up Her Way Home: Using Public Participation Techniques to Improve Urban Transport Project Design in China Christopher R. Bennett EASTE

2 The Problem Urban transport in China traditionally driven by engineers and policy makers Focus of investments in capital works Little scope for substantive feedback by residents on their needs 2

3 Liaoning Province One of the most urbanized regions (56% urban population) Was nation s industry center Now a rust belt, with upwards of 60% unemployment, due to reliance on SOE One of China s regions of greatest social unrest (10 protests/day 00-02) Recognized inadequate political institutions to address citizen grievances 3

4 Public Participation Public Participation in China Bank funded PP: Wuhan Urban Project, 2004 Vulnerable often an afterthought Participatory process considered high value Liaoning PP: One of the first funded by the government in China Objectives Determine public s key concerns Priotize problems Incorporate public input into project design 4

5 Public Participation Process Three phases Phase I: project design & feasibility stage o Identify issues Phase II: post project design & pre-appraisal o Solutions to issues open for public comments Phase III: project implementation o Satisfaction level of the public Over 5 year period Estimated budget: $400k-500k 5

6 Phase I Participant Recruitment Recruitment plan Gender separated group to enhance female involvement Sorting Focus groups Gender Number of participants Note Mode-driven group Vulnerabilitydriven groups Walkers / bus users M / F Bicycle users M / F Bus drivers mixed 15 Three-wheeled vehicle drivers mixed 15 Poor people M / F Must Disables 6 mixed 5-10 Choose either one Choose either one Individual interview Migrants mixed 15 If necessary Seniors mixed 15 If necessary

7 Female Participants Dongxin Rd N., Liaoyang How Does She Get Around? (%) 步行 walk 60 其他 others 50 自行车 bicycle Hankou Rail Crossing, Jinzhou 三轮车 tricycle 10 公交车 public transport 0 Fushun Jinzhou 摩托车 motor bike 私家车 private car 出租车 taxi 通勤车 commuting bus Liaoyang Panjin Dengta Xueyuan Rd, Jinzhou 7 Panjin Urban Road

8 Female Participants Zhaolin Rail Underpass, Dengta What Does She Travel For? (%) 日常生计 Daily livihood 其他 Other 上学 School Wuwangzi Interchange, Liaoyang Guangming, Wenhua Intersection, Dengta 去医院看病 Hospital visit 探亲访友 Visit Friends 娱乐 Entertainment Fushun Jinzhou Liaoyang Panjin Dengta 8

9 Key Transport Issues Identified Poor secondary road pavement and drainage conditions Poor sidewalk conditions and road facilities Lack of separation between MV and NMV Lack of street lighting and signage Gender differences identified in needs associated with safety and security 9

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12 Dissatisfaction Level with the Current Transport System by Gender Fushun Jinzhou Panjin Liaoyang Dengta Female Dissatisfaction Level with the Current Transport System Trip from home to bus Transport Efficiency Transport Safety Urban Biking Condition Infrastructure Condition Urban Walking Conditions Transport Services Females: Higher level of dissatisfaction with most of the areas measured for most of the project cities 12

13 Assessment of Transport Problems by Gender Assessment of Transport Problems by Females Secondary Road Pavement Condition Lack of bike lane Sidew alk quality Major Aterial Quality Problem Congestion Fushun Jinzhou Panjin Liaoyang Dengta Street light Road safety problem caused by mixed traffic conflicts Intersection safety problem caused by mixed traffic conflicts Females: Intersection safety, sidewalk quality, street lights, pavement condition and lack of bike lanes are considered more problematic by females than for by males. 13

14 Key Issues Particularly Raised by Females Street Lights There are no lights on some streets. Robbery happens frequently there. I wouldn t dare to walk alone when it s turning dark My work keeps me late often. When I go home, I m very frightened by the darkness along some roads. Some lights are broken for very long time and nobody fixes them. Though my husband walks me home when he can, there are times I walk home alone and I feel terrified Poorly Designed Bus Services work at home on handmade products, daily grocery shopping via bus need to transfer to get to destination, very long and expensive bus services are not available at night (after 7 or latest 8:30), it s very inconvenient for me to get back home. Intersection Facilities..it s not very safe to cross the road because of lack of pedestrian crossing or lack of management at intersections. Long Wait At Bus Stops I used to take bus to work, which is not close by. It turned out it d take me longer to get to work then walking, because of the long waits for bus to come. I have ended up walking to work now 14

15 Public Participation: Impact Dramatic changes from the initial project proposals The original project proposals o facilitate new urban developments o road expansions Resulted in shift to o Secondary road improvements o Traffic management, especially the separation of MV/NMV traffic o Stronger attention to sidewalks and pedestrian s needs Latent issues were picked up to take care of the urban vulnerable Street lights Public transport 15

16 The Future Taiyuan Urban Transport Project is repeating the approach used in Liaoning Anticipate major refinements to the project design and better serving the city s needs 16

17 The End 17