Creston Road Complete and Sustainable Streets Corridor Plan

Transcription

1 Crestn Rad Cmplete and Sustainable Streets Crridr Plan Prepared fr the City f Pas Rbles Submitted by W-Trans TRAFFIC ENGINEERING TRANSPORTATION PLANNING Balancing Functinality and Livability since 1995 w-trans.cm

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3 Caltrans funded this $185,000 grant prject thrugh its Sustainable Cmmunities Transprtatin Planning Grant Prgram. The reprt is a planning level nly dcument. The feasibility and design standards will need t be studied further as this plan mves frward. As the prject mves twards implementatin, mre traffic and netwrk analysis may be necessary fr ptimal transprtatin mbility, peratins and efficiency and cnnectivity.

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5 Table f Cntents Executive Summary... 1 Intrductin and Setting... 7 Base Traffic Cnditins Cmmunity Engagement Best Practices and Ptential Imprvement Measures Alternatives Preferred Plan Recmmendatins Evaluatin f Preferred Plan Implementatin Issues Study Participants and References Figures 1. Study Area Study Intersectins Existing Traffic Vlumes Existing Intersectin Levels f Service Future Intersectin Levels f Service Existing Traffic and Safety Alterative A (3/5 Lanes) Alterative B (5 Lanes) Preferred Plan Tables 1. Crestn Rad Daily Traffic Vlumes Schl Transprtatin Cunts Signalized Intersectin Level f Service Definitins Existing Peak Hur Intersectin Levels f Service Future Peak Hur Intersectin Levels f Service Pedestrian Traffic Cntrl Device Warrants May 2017 Outreach Alternatives Preference Feedback September 2017 Reprt Card Summary Existing Peak Hur Intersectin Levels f Service AM Existing Travel Times, Delay, Average Speed PM Existing Travel Times, Delay, Average Speed Future (Year 2035) Peak Hur Intersectin Levels f Service AM Future Travel Times, Delay, Average Speed PM Future Travel Times, Delay, Average Speed i

6 Appendices A. Traffic Vlume Cunts B. Level f Service Calculatins C. Missing Sidewalk Inventry D. Pedestrian Crsswalk Warrants E. May 2017 Wrkshp F. Class IV Bikeways G. Travel Lane Widths H. Preliminary Cst Estimates I. Preferred Recmmendatin Plan Views J. September 2017 Wrkshp K. Travel Time Synchr Results L. Final Cst Estimates M. Caltrans Cmments n Draft Reprt ii

7 Executive Summary Backgrund The City f Pas Rbles received a Sustainable Cmmunities Transprtatin Planning Grant Prgram frm Caltrans in the amunt f $185,000 t cmplete a. The intent f the grant was t develp a plan and visin fr the Crestn Rad crridr, between Suth River Rad and Niblick Rad. The Crestn Rad Cmplete and Sustainable Streets Prject utilized a cmmunity-driven effrt t develp a plan fr creating a vibrant, pedestrian and bicycle-friendly, and green street envirnment fr residents, businesses and visitrs. The Plan was develped thrugh a rbust public prcess that engaged residents, prperty wners and ther cmmunity stakehlders t generate ideas fr bth immediate imprvements and future changes. The fcus was n design and strategies t imprve safety, access, and mbility fr all mdes f transprtatin including walking, bicycling, transit and mtr vehicles. Base Traffic Cnditins Daily traffic vlumes n the crridr average apprximately 15,000 t 17,000 vehicles per day. Traffic vlumes alng the crridr peak during the typical mrning cmmute t wrk and schl drp-ff perid, during the early afternn schl pick-up perid and during the typical evening cmmute hme. Between Ferr Lane west and Ferr Lane east, the 85 th percentile speed measured was 33 miles per hur. Between Glden Hills Rad and Lana Drive, the 85 th percentile speed measured was 38 miles per hur. Under existing cnditins, all study intersectins alng the crridr were fund t be perating at LOS D r better, verall, which is cnsidered acceptable under the applied standards. The traffic vlume grwth n the study segment f Crestn Rad was estimated at a six t eight percent increase by 2035 by the SLOCOG traffic mdel. A sensitivity analysis was perfrmed t determine the vehicle capacity needs f the crridr. The segment between River Rad and Rlling Hills Rad wuld have sufficient capacity t accmmdate daily traffic vlumes within a three-lane crss-sectin under existing (15,000 vehicles per day) and future (19,800 vehicles per day) cnditins. Between Rlling Hills Rad and Niblick Rad, existing vlumes (17,000 vehicles per day) wuld be accmmdated within a three-lane crss-sectin, while in the future, demand vlumes (25,200 vehicles per day) wuld rise slightly abve the theretical capacity f 22,000 vehicles per day fr a three-lane crss-sectin. Under Future cnditins with the existing lane gemetry and traffic cntrl, all the study intersectins are expected t cntinue perating acceptably at LOS D r better verall during the a.m. and p.m. peak hurs. There were 40 reprted cllisins alng the study segment fr the evaluated 5-year perid. The calculated segment cllisin rate f 2.90 cllisins per millin vehicles is higher than the statewide cllisin rate fr a similar facility (2.04 cllisins per millin vehicles). Alng the crridr f Crestn Rad, existing sidewalks are nt cntinuus. There are apprximately 1,300 feet f frntage withut sidewalks; apprximately 3,900 feet f frntage alng the Crestn Rad crridr have sidewalks. In the study area, there are fur crsswalks that are uncntrlled with vehicle free flw n the Crestn Rad appraches. Three f these lcatins include cntinuusly flashing verhead beacns n mast arm ples with schl pedestrian crssing signs (Trig Lane, Ivy Lane and Orchard Drive). The furth lcatin at Walnut Drive has a schl zne crssing with n additinal enhancements. Intersectin warrant evaluatins were cmpleted fr each uncntrlled study intersectin and uncntrlled pedestrian crsswalks. Currently there are mstly cntinuus Class II bike lanes thrughut the crridr n bth sides f the street. The primary sectin where there are n bike lane markings is n the east side f Crestn Rad, suth f Oak Meadw Lane alng the undevelped prperty frntage. In the eastern prtin f the 1

8 crridr where the bike lanes are wider and generally unmarked, the bike lanes are frequently perceived as parking spaces fr vehicles. Existing transit peratins include the Pas Express, which serves a large vlume f students at Lewis Middle Schl with stps at the intersectin with Ivy Lane. Althugh mst f the crridr has bike lanes, there are sme places where there is n-street parking fr vehicles in additin t bike lanes. Cmmunity Engagement A multi-day public design wrkshp anchred the cmmunity-based planning prcess. It tk place ver fur days in May 2017 t shape develpment f the plan. The purpse was t wrk with residents and stakehlders t establish a shared visin and cncepts fr a walkable, bicycle-friendly street that supprts mtrists and nnmtrists alike. Events cncluded Thursday, May 11 th at a wrkshp held at Lewis Middle Schl and attended by apprximately 50 peple. Participants weighed in n three alternatives fllwing a presentatin f the preliminary designs develped during the week. Based n plling indicated by placing clred dts n varius maps and graphs, preference was expressed fr a tw-lane radway between Elm Curt and Rlling Hills Rad with a center tw-way left turn lane, striped buffered bike lanes, median crssing islands and enhanced crsswalks at uncntrlled lcatins, cmpletin f sidewalks where gaps exist, and widened sidewalks in sme lcatins. There was als cnsiderable supprt fr the installatin f a rundabut at the intersectin with Rlling Hills Rad. On September 27, 2017, City staff and members f the cnsultant team presented the design alternative t the City Cuncil and cmmunity at the City Cuncil meeting. Apprximately 40 peple attended. After the presentatin, participants were given an pprtunity t prvide written cmments and vte n the features prpsed in the design. The results were tabulated and are summarized in the reprt. The cnsultant team made adjustments t the prpsed alternative based n feedback frm the City Cuncil, staff and the public and prepared the Preferred Alternative Plan, which was presented t the City Cuncil fr final apprval n February 6, Best Practices and Ptential Imprvement Measures The prcess utlined specific pedestrian, bicycle, and vehicle transprtatin best practices, r a tlbx f ptential imprvement measures fr the Crestn Rad crridr. These elements were presented at the pening wrkshp t gather feedback frm the public n these ptential mdificatins in advance f defining the alternatives. The tlbx included the fllwing elements: Crsswalk Warning Beacns Street Trees Wide Sidewalks Clred Cncrete Shulders Pedestrian Refuge Median Class IV Separated Bikeway Center Turn Lane Traffic Signal High Visibility Striping Schl Pick-up/Drp-ff Fixes High Visibility Pedestrian Features Curb Extensins Expansin t Five Lanes Safe Rutes t Schl HAWK (Pedestrian Hybrid Beacn) Class II Bike Lanes Sharrws Raised Median fr Traffic Calming Gateway Treatments Narrw Lanes Class I Bike Paths Green Infrastructure Buffered Bike Lanes Rundabut Intersectins 2

9 Alternatives The develpment f the alternatives evlved frm a) Analysis f Existing and Future Traffic Cnditins, b) Identified Safety Issues, c) Tlbx f Best Practices and d) Input received at the Crridr Study Wrkshps Alternative A 3/5 Lanes (Enhanced 3 Lanes): Alternative A prvides the apprpriate amunt f capacity needed fr the crridr. A three-lane sectin is prvided west f Rlling Hills Rad and the existing five lanes are maintained t the east. Alternative B High Capacity 5-Lane: Since there was desire by sme cmmunity members t explre an expanded five-lane cnfiguratin fr the entire crridr, Alternative B was created. The prpsed elements are described belw and are shwn in Figure 8. Alternative C Just Repave: Alternative C fcuses n repaving the crridr and maintaining the existing lanes. Sidewalks, pedestrian crssing imprvements and traffic cntrl measures were added. The prpsed elements are described belw. At the final wrkshp n May 11 th, participants weighed in n the three alternatives fllwing a presentatin f the preliminary designs develped ver the curse f the week. There was a strng supprt fr Alternative A with the rundabut at Rlling Hills Rad. Hwever, there was ppsitin t the prtected Class IV bike lanes which had been the subject f the pp-up demnstratin. Preferred Plan Recmmendatins Rad Segments Suth River Rad t Capitl Hill Drive Maintain existing 5 lanes Capitl Hill Drive t Walnut Drive Restripe and/r widen t 3 lanes Walnut Drive t Rlling Hills Rad Maintain existing 3 lanes Rlling Hills Rad t Lana Street-Oak Meadw Lane Maintain existing 5 lanes Lana Street-Oak Meadw Lane t Fd 4 Less Center widen n east side t create 5-lane sectin Fd 4 Less Center t Niblick Rad Maintain existing 5 lanes Intersectins Walnut Drive Install a traffic signal and tie in Blen Drive as part f the signal peratins. Trig Lane Install Rapid Rectangular Flashing Beacns and curb extensins n bth sides f Crestn Rad. Ivy Lane Install a raised island and Rapid Rectangular Flashing Beacns as shwn in cncept images. Orchard Drive Install Rapid Rectangular Flashing Beacns and median island n the east leg fr crsswalk refuge. Laura Way Cnvert t right-turn ut nly. Left-turn access t be prvided via rundabut at Rlling Hills Rad. Rlling Hills Rad Install a rundabut. Meldy Lane Install curb extensins fr crsswalks. Glden Hill Rad Install curb extensins fr crsswalks. Midblck between Lana Drive and Niblick Rad Install midblck crsswalk at lcatin t be determined. Prvide enhanced traffic signal timing at all traffic signals. 3

10 Pedestrian/Trail Access Create new pedestrian trail in utility right-f-way between Rlling Hills Rad intersectin and Centennial Trail. Bike Facilities Maintain existing bike lanes n entire crridr. Where width is available, prvide buffered bike lane striping. Prvide green cnflict zne markings thrugh high-vlume lcatins. Parking Recnfigure the three parking bays with channelized entrances and exits. Schl Frntage Widen sidewalks n all schl frntages. Prvide mre bus stp waiting areas near schls. Pedestrian Facilities Fill in all missing sidewalk sectins. Landscaping Add drught tlerant landscaping n existing median between Shpping center and Glden Hill Rad. Add raised median at existing striped medians. 4

11 Segment 2 frm Trig Lane t Meldy Drive Ivy Lane Crssing (WB) Prpsed A technical analysis including intersectin level f service and vehicle travel time is presented in the reprt fr the Preferred Plan under Existing and Future traffic vlume cnditins. Prject Funding The prject cst is estimated at $9,031,069 based n 2018 dllars. 5

12 A grant applicatin fr the preferred plan was submitted t Caltrans in July 2018 as part f the Active Transprtatin Prgram (ATP). This prgram is a cnslidatin f the Federal Transprtatin Alternatives Prgram (TAP), Califrnia s Bicycle Transprtatin Accunt (BTA), and Federal and Califrnia Safe Rutes t Schl prgrams. The ATP prgram gals include: Increase the prprtin f trips accmplished by biking and walking Increase safety and mbility fr nn-mtrized users Advance the active transprtatin effrts f reginal agencies t achieve greenhuse gas reductin gals Enhance public health Ensure that disadvantaged cmmunities fully share in the benefits f the prgram Prvide a brad spectrum f prjects t benefit many types f active transprtatin users 6

13 Intrductin and Setting Intrductin The City f Pas Rbles received a State Highway Accunt-Sustainable Transprtatin Planning Grant t develp a plan and visin fr the Crestn Rad Crridr between Suth River Rad and Niblick Rad in the City f El Pas de Rbles. The Crestn Rad Cmplete and Sustainable Streets Prject utilized a cmmunity-driven effrt t develp a plan fr creating a vibrant, pedestrian and bicycle-friendly, green street envirnment fr residents, businesses and visitrs. The Plan was develped thrugh a rbust public prcess that engaged residents, prperty wners and ther cmmunity stakehlders t generate ideas fr bth immediate imprvements and future changes. The fcus was n design tls and strategies t imprve safety, access, and mbility fr all mdes f transprtatin, including walking, bicycling, transit and mtr vehicles. Mst f the length f the crridr has tw travel lanes, but it widens t fur lanes tward the suthern end f the study area. Prtins f the radway in the study area carry vlumes as high as 18,000 vehicles per day. Several lng sectins f the radway d nt have sidewalk facilities, requiring pedestrians t walk alng the shulder. Sidewalks, where they exist, are narrw, have incnsistent alignments, gaps and barriers, lack ADA cmpliant curb ramps, and traverse wide driveways. Bike lanes are striped alng prtins f the radway, with significant gaps and interruptins due t widely varying shulder widths, street edge, slpe and adjacent prperty access cnditins. Pas Express prvides transit service n the crridr with apprximately ne-hur headways n weekdays between 7 a.m. and 6 p.m., and between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. n Saturdays. Bus shelters are prvided at sme lcatins, while ther stps are limited t signage nly. Overall Prject Objectives The prject aims t imprve mbility fr all users alng the Crestn Rad crridr, and the verall bjectives are as fllws: Identify crridr strengths and weaknesses that impact safety, access and mbility fr pedestrians and bicyclists f all ages and abilities, as well as transit riders and mtrists. Identify strengths and weaknesses that impact businesses and develpment pprtunity and perfrmance alng the crridr. Identify sidewalk imprvements needed alng the crridr, including fully accessible curb ramps at intersectins. Prduce design cncepts t supprt installatin f street trees and the preservatin and health f existing trees. Prduce design cncepts fr bicycle facilities and treatments alng the crridr such as standard and prtected bike lanes, bicycle racks and bicycle parking crrals. Prduce design cncepts fr pedestrian crssing imprvements, such as curb extensins and enhanced crsswalks. Recmmend engineering treatments fr radway traffic calming. Identify pprtunities and recmmendatins fr applicatin f green street cncepts, such as strm water planters, swales and ther bi-retentin areas, drught-tlerant landscaping, and permeable pavement where pssible. Engage residents in the planning prcess and civic life, especially thse members f the cmmunity that have therwise been left ut f the decisin-making prcess. Imprve cmmunicatin between residents, business wners, interest grups, the City, reginal agencies and Caltrans. 7

14 Cmplete Streets Cmplete Streets is a transprtatin plicy and design apprach that requires streets t be planned, designed, perated, and maintained t enable safe, cnvenient and cmfrtable travel and access fr users f all ages and abilities regardless f their mde f transprtatin. A safe, cnnected, and cnvenient crridr with Cmplete Streets features is ne f the best methds t encurage the use f alternative transprtatin mdes and active recreatin and prvide easy access t businesses and ther destinatins. Prviding transprtatin mde chices, as well as pprtunities fr recreatin, have becme pririties fr many cmmunities. An increase in the number f peple walking and biking fr transprtatin and recreatin has a range f benefits, including sme that can be measured, such as imprved traffic level f service, and reduced vehicle emissins, traffic, and parking cngestin. Other benefits may be harder t quantify but are n less imprtant, such as imprved public health, an enhanced sense f place and cmmunity, cnnectin with nature, and ecnmic develpment. Study Area The study area shwn in Figure 1 cnsists f a 1.9-mile, 24-intersectin crridr that spans between River Rad and Niblick Rad-Sherwd Rad. Crestn Rad prvides a crucial transprtatin link ver the Salinas River and t US 101, cnnecting the east side f Pas Rbles t the histric city cre and neighbrhds n the west side f the river and highway. Land uses alng the crridr include single-family residential, public and private schls, cmmercial centers, and vacant parcels. There are fur public and private schls lcated alng the crridr, and an additinal schl lcated nearby, resulting in heavy schl-related traffic activity peridically. The crridr varies in the number f vehicle travel lanes prvided, ranging frm tw- t five-lane crss-sectins. The western sectin cnsists f a tw-lane crss-sectin and has the shrtest blcks, with frequent intersectins with minr streets. The crridr cntains facilities that allw fr a variety f mbility chices, and mdes f travel include bus service, bicycle, walking, and vehicle. Apprximately 20 percent f the crridr des nt have sidewalks; bike lanes are generally prvided thrugh the entire length, thugh sme gaps exist. The crridr s existing sidewalks and bike lanes are narrw. Existing bus stp lcatins n the crridr include a wide variety f facilities frm signs nly t benches t a full shelter with benches and garbage cans. Crestn Rad (WB, west f Rlling Hills Rd) Crestn Rad (WB, east f Ivy Lane) 8

15 Rlling Hills Rd Oak Meadw Ln Sherwd Rd Cmmercial Niblick Rd Figure 1 Study Area pr029 figures.ai 4/18 Pifer Elementary Schl Lana St Glden Hill Rd Cmmercial Meldy Dr Church Pas Rbles High Schl Trinity Church and Schl Orchard Dr Centennial Park Lewis Middle Schl Ivy Ln Nickersn Dr Trig Ln Walnut Drive Church St. Rse Church and Schl N River Rd S River Rd 1 LEGEND Study Crridr Trail Schl and/r Church 1 Salinas River Parkway Trail Park 2 Water Tank Lp Cmmercial Lt 3 Centennial Park Trail Vacant r Undevelped Frntages 3 2 2

16 Crestn Rad (Suthbund at Pifer Elementary) Crestn Rad (Parking Bay) Existing Crridr Cnditins Segment 1 River Rad t Walnut Drive The segment f Crestn Rad fr the 350 feet east f River Rad cnsists f five travel lanes (tw thrugh lanes in each directin and a center turn lane). This wider five-lane segment prvides capacity fr the signalized intersectin with River Rad. East f Capitl Hill Drive, the alignment cnsists f tw lanes (ne thrugh lane in each directin) with sme n-street parking available. Bike lanes are prvided thrughut mst f the segment, thugh there are sme gaps. Segment 2 Walnut Drive t Rlling Hills Rad The segment frm Walnut Drive t Rlling Hills Rad has ne thrugh lane in each directin with a center twway left-turn lane. On-street parking is allwed n specific frntages where there is curb, gutter and sidewalk. Bike lanes are generally prvided, with sme gaps. Segment 3 Rlling Hills Rad t Niblick Rad-Sherwd Rad East f Rlling Hills Rad, the crridr transitins t a five-lane segment with tw travel lanes in each directin and a center turn lane. There are sme areas with raised medians r striped medians instead f turn lanes as direct access is nt allwed t the residential develpment that exists alng this sectin. Suth f Oak Meadw Lane- Lana Street, Crestn Rad transitins t a three-lane sectin (ne lane nrthbund and tw lanes suthbund) due t the undevelped east side f the rad, then back t the five-lane sectin serving the frnting cmmercial area at Niblick Rad-Sherwd Rad. Bike lanes are prvided thrughut the segment. Crss Sectin at Pifer Elementary Schl 10

17 Land Use and Trails As shwn in Figure 1, the Crestn Rad crridr primarily serves residential neighbrhds and cmmercial uses, but als several schls as well as parks and trails. Daniel Lewis Middle Schl, Winifred Pifer Elementary Schl, tw private schls, and six churches frnt n and are accessed frm Crestn Rad. Pas Rbles High Schl is lcated ne-half mile t the suth, s is walkable frm the crridr. There are tw majr shpping center areas, ne between Rlling Hills Rad and Glden Hill Rad and the ther near the Niblick Rad-Sherwd Rad intersectin alng with pckets f smaller cmmercial prperties thrughut the crridr. There are three trail systems that cnnect t Crestn Rad: Salinas River Parkway Trail, Water Tank Lp trail and Centennial Park Trail. Centennial Park is lcated between Lewis Middle Schl and Pas Rbles High Schl. There are tw sizable undevelped lts n Crestn Rad, ne west f Rlling Hills Rad and ne suth f Oak Meadw Lane. Bth these prperty s frntages are undevelped, r withut curb, gutter and sidewalks. Study Intersectins The study included a detailed evaluatin f the intersectins n the crridr: 1. Crestn Rd/River Rad 2. Crestn Rad/Capitl Hill Drive (west) 3. Crestn Rad/Capitl Hill Drive (east) 4. Crestn Rad/Elm Curt 5. Crestn Rad/Private 6. Crestn Rad/Ferr Lane 7. Crestn Rad/Shannn Hill Drive 8. Crestn Rad/Tanner Drive 9. Crestn Rad/Walnut Drive 10. Crestn Rad/Blen Drive 11. Crestn Rad/Trig Lane 12. Crestn Rad/Nickersn Drive 13. Crestn Rad/Ivy Lane 14. Crestn Rad/Orchard Drive 15. Crestn Rad/Laura Way 16. Crestn Rad/Rlling Hills Rad 17. Crestn Rad/Meldy Drive 18. Crestn Rad/Cmmercial access 19. Crestn Rad/Glden Hill Rad 20. Crestn Rad/Grand Canyn Drive 21. Crestn Rad/Hneysuckle Lane 22. Crestn Rad/Lana Street- Oak Meadw Lane 23. Crestn Rad/Niblick Rad The lcatins f the study intersectins are shwn in Figure 2. Fllwing is a discussin f the streets which intersect with Crestn Rad in the study area, listed frm west t east. Fr this study, Crestn Rad is cnsidered t run east-west. Nrth River Rad-Suth River Rad is a majr arterial that parallels US 101 and has a signalized intersectin at Crestn Rad. T the nrth, Nrth River Rad cnnects t Unin Rad and is a five-lane arterial with cnnectins t residential neighbrhds in the nrtheast area f Pas Rbles. T the suth, Suth River Rad is generally a tw-lane arterial that cnnects t residential and cmmercial areas. Capitl Hill Drive (west and east) is a lcal residential street with stp sign cntrl at its appraches t Crestn Rad. Capitl Hill Drive lps alng Crestn Rad and terminates again n Crestn Rad apprximately 300 feet t the east. A westbund left-turn lane is prvided n Crestn Rad at Capitl Hill Drive (west). Elm Curt is a lcal residential street with a stp cntrl at its apprach t Crestn Rad. Elm Curt is nt a thrugh street and has a skewed alignment t the nrth f Crestn Rad. 11

18 Rlling Hills Rd Oak Meadw Ln Cmmercial Sherwd Rd Niblick Rd Figure 2 Study Intersectins pr029 figures.ai 4/18 Glden Hill Rd Cmmercial Meldy Dr Church Lana St Pifer Elementary Schl Pas Rbles High Schl Trinity Church and Schl Orchard Dr Centennial Park Lewis Middle Schl Trig Ln Ivy Ln Walnut Drive Church N River Rd Nickersn Dr St. Rse Church and Schl S River Rd LEGEND Study Crridr Trail # Study Intersectin Schl and/r Church 1 Salinas River Parkway Trail Traffic Signal Park 2 Water Tank Lp Unsignalized Intersectin Cmmercial Lt 3 Centennial Park Trail Uncntrlled Schl Crssing Vacant r Undevelped Frntages

19 Private Drive is lcated t the east f Elm Curt and is a private driveway that prvides residential access t the suth f Crestn Rad with a stp cntrl n the nrthbund apprach. Ferr Lane (west and east) is a lcal residential street with stp sign cntrl at the Crestn Rad appraches. Ferr Lane lps alng Crestn Rad and terminates again n Crestn Rad apprximately 650 feet t the east. Shannn Hill Drive is stp-cntrlled n the suthbund apprach t its intersectin with Crestn Rad. The street prvides access t residential parcels and the Grace Baptist Church. Crss Sectin at Shannn Hill Drive Tanner Drive runs parallel t Shannn Hill Drive and is a lcal residential street with a stp cntrl n the suthbund apprach. It als prvides access t cmmercial buildings such as Kelly-Mre Paints and City Market. Walnut Drive is a residential street stp-cntrlled n the suthbund apprach at its intersectin with Crestn Rad, and has an eastbund left-turn lane n Crestn Rad. Walnut Drive als prvides access t cmmercial uses n the nrtheast crner f the intersectin. Blen Drive is ffset t the east f the Walnut Drive intersectin by apprximately 100 feet. The lcal residential street is stp-cntrlled n its nrthbund apprach at its intersectin with Crestn Rad. A center tw-way leftturn lane n Crestn Rad prvides left-turn access t the street. Trig Lane is a lcal residential street with stp cntrls n bth appraches at its intersectin with Crestn Rad. Left-turn lanes n Crestn Rad prvide left-turning vehicle access t the street. The St. Rse Church driveway access is lcated apprximately 180 feet east f the Crestn Rad/Trig Lane intersectin. Nickersn Drive is a tw-lane lcal street that is signalized at its intersectin with Crestn Rad, where a westbund left-turn lane is prvided. The street prvides access t Daniel E. Lewis Middle Schl, Centennial Park, and single-family residences. 13

20 Eastbund Crestn Rad at Nickersn Drive Westbund Crestn Rad at Nickersn Drive Ivy Lane is stp-cntrlled at its intersectin with Crestn Rad and is a lcal residential street. It is n the nrth side f Crestn Rad, ppsite ne f the driveways fr Daniel E. Lewis Middle Schl. Crestn Rad includes a center tw-way left-turn lane at this intersectin. Orchard Drive runs parallel t Ivy Lane and is a lcal residential street. Orchard Drive is stp-cntrlled at its intersectin with Crestn Rad, where a center tw-way left-turn lane prvides access t the side street. Laura Way is a minr residential curt that is stp-cntrlled at its intersectin with Crestn Rad. It is suth f the crridr and slightly ffset frm Rlling Hills Rad. There is a shrt westbund left-turn lane n Crestn Rad that prvides access t Laura Way. Rlling Hills Rad is a tw-lane arterial prviding access t Glden Hill Rad and nrtheast Pas Rbles. The apprach t Crestn Rad is stp-cntrlled and is lcated t the east f an undevelped parcel. There is a shrt eastbund left-turn lane fr access nt Rlling Hills Rad. Westbund Crestn Rad at Rlling Hills Rad Meldy Drive is a lcal residential street which is cntrlled by a traffic signal at its intersectin with Crestn Rad. Crestn Rad includes a westbund left-turn lane at the intersectin with Meldy Drive. 14

21 Eastbund Crestn Rad at Meldy Lane Westbund Crestn Rad at Meldy Lane Cmmercial Access is a majr access t the Smart & Final shpping center. The access is stp-cntrlled at Crestn Rad and is served by an eastbund left-turn lane. Glden Hill Rad is an arterial that prvides access t nrtheast Pas Rbles. The intersectin with Crestn Rad is cntrlled by a traffic signal and includes an eastbund left-turn lane. Glden Hill Rad prvides additinal access t the Smart & Final shpping center. Eastbund Crestn Rad at Glden Hill Rad Westbund Crestn Rad at Glden Hill Rad Grand Canyn Drive is stp-cntrlled at its intersectin with Crestn Rad and is a lcal resident street that extends t the nrth. Left-turn lanes are prvided n Crestn Rad. Hneysuckle Lane runs parallel t Grand Canyn Drive and serves as an entrance t a residential cmmunity. It is stp-cntrlled n its apprach at Crestn Rad, and there is a center tw-way left-turn lane n Crestn Rad. Lana Street-Oak Meadw Lane serves residential areas and a traffic signal was recently installed at the intersectin with Crestn Rad. The intersectin has left-turn lanes n the Crestn Rad appraches. Niblick Rad is a majr arterial and is signalized at its intersectin with Crestn Rad. Niblick Rad prvides access t Pas Rbles High Schl and US 101 t the west. 15

22 Base Traffic Cnditins Traffic Vlumes Daily Traffic Daily vehicle traffic vlumes were cllected fr the Crestn Rad crridr and are included in Appendix A. Traffic vlumes were cllected at tw lcatins alng crridr, between Rlling Hills Rad and Orchard Drive and between Nickersn Drive and Trig Lane. Daily traffic vlumes alng the crridr are summarized in Table 1. Table 1 Crestn Rad Daily Traffic Vlumes Lcatin alng Crestn Rad Eastbund Westbund Ttal Between Rlling Hills Rd and Orchard Dr. 7,511 7,715 15,226 Between Nickersn Dr. and Trig Lane 7,096 7,409 14,505 Peak Hur Traffic Vlumes As depicted belw, traffic vlumes alng the crridr peak during the typical mrning cmmute t wrk and schl drp-ff perid, during the early afternn schl pick-up perid (thugh this is less prnunced in sme directins and at sme lcatins), and during the typical evening cmmute hme. Vlume Graph fr Crestn Rad (between Ferr Lane and Tanner Drive) EB WB # f vehicles Time Perid 16

23 Vlume Graph fr Crestn Rad (between Rlling Hills Rad & Orchard Drive) EB WB # f Vehicles Time Perid Vlume Graph fr Crestn Rad (between Trig Lane and Nickersn Drive) EB WB # f Vehicles Time Perid 17

24 Vlume Graph fr Crestn Rad (Suth f Glden Hill Rad) SB NB # f Vehicles Time Perid 18

25 A summary f the daily traffic cunts by segment is shwn in Figure 3. Schl Cunts Schl transprtatin cunts were previusly cllected in December 2013 at Pifer Elementary, Lewis Middle Schl and Pas Rbles High Schl. Table 2 summarizes the mde f transprtatin fr each schl by time f day. (Since these cunts are five years ld, it is recmmended that future studies cnduct a re-cunt fr accuracy and decisin making.) Table 2 Schl Transprtatin Cunts Pifer Elementary Lewis Middle Schl Pas Rbles High Schl Students Enrlled AM by Car PM by Car AM by Bike PM by Bike AM by Scter PM by Scter AM by Ped PM by Ped Vehicle Travel Speed Due t varied access and land uses n Crestn Rad, speed limits differ thrughut the crridr. Near the schls, the schl zne speed 25 miles per hur (when children are present). Otherwise, the psted speed limit is 35 mph. Speeds were surveyed n January 31, 2017 at the fllwing lcatins n the crridr: Between Ferr Lane west and Ferr Lane east (2-lane sectin) Between Glden Hills Rad and Lana Drive (5-lane sectin) Between Ferr Lane west and Ferr Lane east, the 85 th percentile speed measured was 33 miles per hur. Between Glden Hills Rad and Lana Drive, the 85 th percentile speed measured was 38 miles per hur. Intersectin Levels f Service Level f Service (LOS) is used t rank traffic peratin n varius types f facilities based n traffic vlumes and radway capacity using a series f letter designatins ranging frm A t F. Generally, Level f Service A represents free flw cnditins and Level f Service F represents frced flw r breakdwn cnditins. A unit f measure that indicates a level f delay generally accmpanies the LOS designatin. The study intersectins were analyzed using methdlgies published in the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), Transprtatin Research Bard, This surce cntains methdlgies fr varius types f intersectin cntrl, all f which are related t a measurement f delay in average number f secnds per vehicle. The study intersectins were evaluated using the Synchr 8 sftware applicatin. The signalized methdlgy is based n factrs including traffic vlumes, green time fr each mvement, phasing, whether the signals are crdinated r 19

26 Rlling Hills Rd Oak Meadw Ln Sherwd Rd Cmmercial Niblick Rd Figure 3 Existing Traffic Vlumes pr029 figures.ai 4/18 Pifer Elementary Schl Lana St Glden Hill Rd Cmmercial Meldy Dr Orchard Dr Church Centennial Park Pas Rbles High Schl Trinity Church and Schl Lewis Middle Schl Trig Ln Ivy Ln Walnut Drive 15,200 ADT 14,500 ADT 14,900 ADT Church N River Rd Nickersn Dr St. Rse Church and Schl S River Rd 1 LEGEND Study Crridr Trail Traffic Signal Schl and/r Church 1 Salinas River Parkway Trail Uncntrlled Schl Crssing Park 2 Water Tank Lp ADT Average Daily Traffic Cmmercial Lt 3 Centennial Park Trail Vacant r Undevelped Frntages 15,200 ADT ,200 ADT 16,800 ADT 17,400 ADT 15,000 ADT

27 nt, truck traffic, and pedestrian activity. Average stpped delay per vehicle in secnds is used as the basis fr evaluatin in this LOS methdlgy. Signal timing sheets were btained frm the City f Pas Rbles fr the study intersectins n the crridr and input int Synchr fr the analysis. The Levels f Service fr the intersectins with side street stp cntrls, r thse which are unsignalized and have ne r tw appraches stp-cntrlled, were analyzed using the Tw-Way Stp-Cntrlled intersectin capacity methd frm the HCM. This methdlgy determines a level f service fr each minr turning mvement by estimating the level f average delay in secnds per vehicle. Results are presented fr individual mvements tgether with the weighted verall average delay fr the intersectin. The City f Pas Rbles standards f significance are established in the City s General Plan. Fr intersectin facilities, the City has established an acceptable threshld f LOS D r better. Caltrans acceptable LOS threshld is the cusp f LOS C/D. The ranges f delay assciated with the varius levels f service are indicated in Table 3. Existing Cnditins Table 3 Signalized Intersectin Level f Service Definitins LOS Tw-Way Stp-Cntrlled Signalized A Delay f 0 t 10 secnds Delay f 0 t 10 secnds B Delay f 10 t 20 secnds Delay f 10 t 15 secnds C Delay f 20 t 35 secnds Delay f 15 t 25 secnds D Delay f 35 t 55 secnds Delay f 25 t 35 secnds E Delay f 55 t 80 secnds Delay f 35 t 50 secnds F Delay greater than 80 secnds Delay greater than 50 secnds Reference: Highway Capacity Manual, Transprtatin Research Bard, 2000 Intersectin Level f Service Under existing cnditins, all study intersectins alng the crridr were fund t be perating at LOS D r better, verall, which is cnsidered acceptable under the applied standards. A summary f the intersectin level f service calculatins is cntained in the Table 4 and these results are als shwn in Figure 4. The calculatins are included in Appendix B. 21

28 Rlling Hills Rd Glden Hill Rd Cmmercial Oak Meadw Ln Orchard Dr Trig Ln Ivy Ln Walnut Drive Meldy Dr Church Lana St Trinity Church and Schl Lewis Middle Schl Church Pifer Elementary Schl N River Rd Nickersn Dr St. Rse Church and Schl Sherwd Rd Cmmercial Centennial Park Niblick Rd D/B C/C S River Rd 1 D/C D/D A/A D/D C/D C/D D/C C/C C/C D/D B/C D/D C/B 3 C/C 2 C/C A/A B/B B/B 2 B/B B/B C/C Pas Rbles High Schl LEGEND Study Crridr Trail Traffic Signal Schl and/r Church 1 Salinas River Parkway Trail Uncntrlled Schl Crssing Park 2 Water Tank Lp x/x AM/PM Level f Service fr Signalized Intersectin Cmmercial Lt 3 Centennial Park Trail x/x AM/PM Level f Service fr Wrst Minr Apprach at Unsignalized Intersectin Vacant r Undevelped Frntages pr029 figures.ai 4/18 Figure 4 Existing Intersectin Levels f Service

29 Table 4 Existing Peak Hur Intersectin Levels f Service Study Intersectin Apprach AM Peak Existing Cnditins PM Peak Delay LOS Delay LOS 1. Crestn Rd/Suth River Rd 39.2 D 18.1 B 2. Crestn Rd/Capitl Hill Dr W 0.4 A 0.6 A Nrthbund (Capitl Hill Dr W) Apprach 23.9 C 23.9 C Suthbund (Private Dwy) Apprach 21.6 C 24.1 C 3. Crestn Rd/Capitl Hill Dr E 0.3 A 0.8 A Nrthbund (Capitl Hill Dr E) Apprach 34.3 D 31.3 D 4. Crestn Rd/Elm Ct 0.2 A 0.2 A Suthbund (Elm Ct) Apprach 26.8 D 23.1 C 5. Crestn Rd/Private Rd 0.1 A 0.2 A Nrthbund (Private Rd) Apprach 0.0 A 24.3 C 6. Crestn Rd/Ferr Ln W 0.2 A 0.2 A Nrthbund (Ferr Ln W) Apprach 25.3 D 25.8 D 7. Crestn Rd/Shannn Hill Dr 0.4 A 0.2 A Suthbund (Shannn Hill Dr) Apprach 21.9 C 26.3 D 8. Crestn Rd/Ferr Ln E 0.2 A 0.2 A Nrthbund (Ferr Ln E) Apprach 23.9 C 28.2 D 9. Crestn Rd/Tanner Dr 0.6 A 0.4 A Suthbund (Tanner Dr) Apprach 27.3 D 24.1 C 10. Crestn Rd/Walnut Dr 2.0 A 1.7 A Suthbund (Walnut Dr) Apprach 22.1 C 20.6 C 11. Crestn Rd/Blen Dr 0.7 A 0.6 A Nrthbund (Blen Dr) Apprach 18.2 C 20.5 C 12. Crestn Rd/Trig Ln 0.7 A 0.5 A Nrthbund (Trig Ln) Apprach 25.9 D 29.3 D Suthbund (N Trig Ln) Apprach 19.7 C 18.7 C 13. Crestn Rd/Nickersn Dr 14.7 B 21.9 C 14. Crestn Rd/Ivy Ln 1.1 A 0.4 A Suthbund (Ivy Ln) Apprach 31.0 D 27.4 D 15. Crestn Rd/Orchard D 0.5 D 0.2 A Suthbund (Orchard Dr) Apprach 17.6 C 14.2 B 16. Crestn Rd/Laura Wy 0.2 A 0.2 A Nrthbund (Laura Wy) Apprach 17.6 C 17.1 C 17. Crestn Rd/Rlling Hills Rd 3.3 A 3.8 A Suthbund (Rlling Hills Rd) Apprach 20.8 C 20.8 C 18. Crestn Rd/Meldy Dr 7.6 A 5.5 A 19. Crestn Rd/Glden Hill Rd 18.4 B 17.2 B 20. Crestn Rd/Grand Canyn Dr 0.1 A 0.1 A Westbund (Grand Canyn Dr) Apprach 14.8 B 14.5 B 21. Crestn Rd/Hneysuckle Ln 0.2 A 0.2 A Westbund (Hneysuckle Ln) Apprach 14.8 B 14.4 B 22. Crestn Rd/Lana St-Oak Meadw Ln 17.0 B 10.8 B 23. Crestn Rd/Niblick Rd 32.0 C 29.1 C 23

30 Ntes: Delay is measured in average secnds per vehicle; LOS = Level f Service; Results fr minr appraches t tw-way stp-cntrlled intersectins are indicated in italics Future Cnditins Traffic Mdel Future traffic vlume prjectins were develped based n data frm the reginal travel demand mdel maintained by the San Luis Obisp Cuncil f Gvernments (SLOCOG). SLOCOG prvided the mst recent available mdeling data as f May The mdel includes traffic prjectins fr the weekday a.m. and p.m. peak hurs upn buildut f all develpment anticipated t take place by the year 2035 thrughut San Luis Obisp Cunty, including buildut f the Pas Rbles General Plan. Year 2035 intersectin turning mvements were develped using the Furness prcedure, which is a cmmnly accepted factring algrithm used within the traffic engineering field wherein the base year turning mvement cunts at the intersectin are factred until the ttal vlumes in and ut f each leg clsely match the adjusted link vlumes based n the base year and future scenari vlumes frm the SLOCOG traffic mdel. A cmputer applicatin f the Furness prcedure was used t prduce the future intersectin turning mvement vlumes. The traffic mdel includes Traffic Analysis Znes (TAZ) with values fr varius land use categries such as husing, cmmercial and industrial, etc. The mdel uses an iterative prcess t assign trips riginating in ne zne t a likely destinatin zne based upn hme-t-wrk r wrk-t-hme, shpping, schl and wrk-related trips. The accumulatin f trips frm each zne prvides anticipated traffic demand fr each link in the system. The traffic vlume grwth n the study segment f Crestn Rad was estimated at a six t eight percent increase by 2035 by the SLOCOG traffic mdel. Sensitivity Analysis A sensitivity analysis was perfrmed as the alternatives recmmendatins were develped t determine if remving radway capacity, specifically remving travel lanes alng the crridr, wuld result in excess increased delay at the intersectins. Based n this analysis, the intersectins wuld have a reserve capacity beynd the 2035 prjectins, which wuld accmmdate apprximately 18 t 20 percent f additinal traffic befre intersectins wuld reach the LOS D/E threshld. As depicted belw, the segment between River Rad and Rlling Hills Rad wuld have sufficient capacity t accmmdate daily traffic vlumes within a three-lane crss-sectin under existing (15,000 vehicles per day) and future (19,800 vehicles per day) cnditins. Between Rlling Hills Rad and Niblick Rad, existing vlumes (17,000 vehicles per day) wuld be accmmdated within a three-lane crss-sectin, while in the future, demand vlumes (25,200 vehicles per day) wuld rise slightly abve the theretical capacity f 22,000 vehicles per day fr a threelane crss-sectin. 24

31 Intersectin Level f Service Under Future cnditins, all the study intersectins are expected t cntinue perating acceptably at LOS D r better verall during the a.m. and p.m. peak hurs. As mentined previusly, LOS D is ften cnsidered acceptable in areas that are mre densely ppulated. Pending apprval f the City Cuncil, the significance criteria fr the intersectin culd allw fr a minimum f LOS D at this lcatin. Future Level f Service results are summarized in Table 5 and depicted in Figure 5 while cpies f the calculatins are included in Appendix B. 25

32 Rlling Hills Rd Oak Meadw Ln Sherwd Rd Cmmercial Niblick Rd Figure 5 Future Intersectin Levels f Service pr029 figures.ai 4/18 Glden Hill Rd Cmmercial Orchard Dr Trig Ln Ivy Ln Walnut Drive Meldy Dr Church Lana St Trinity Church and Schl Lewis Middle Schl Church Pifer Elementary Schl N River Rd Centennial Park Nickersn Dr D/C D/D D/D E/D A/D D/D C/D D/D D/D C/C C/C D/D St. Rse Church and Schl B/C F/E C/C 3 C/C 2 D/C A/A C/C D/C 2 B/B S River Rd 1 C/C D/D Pas Rbles High Schl LEGEND Study Crridr Trail Traffic Signal Schl and/r Church 1 Salinas River Parkway Trail Uncntrlled Schl Crssing Park 2 Water Tank Lp x/x AM/PM Level f Service fr Signalized Intersectin Cmmercial Lt 3 Centennial Park Trail x/x AM/PM Level f Service fr Wrst Minr Apprach at Unsignalized Intersectin Vacant r Undevelped Frntages

33 Table 5 Future Peak Hur Intersectin Levels f Service Study Intersectin Apprach AM Peak Future Cnditins PM Peak Delay LOS Delay LOS 1. Crestn Rd/Suth River Rd 47.7 D 24.0 C 2. Crestn Rd/Capitl Hill Dr W 0.5 A 0.8 A Nrthbund (Capitl Hill Dr W) Apprach 27.4 D 26.9 D Suthbund (Private Dwy) Apprach 23.0 C 26.2 D 3. Crestn Rd/Capitl Hill Dr E 0.3 A 0.8 A Nrthbund (Capitl Hill Dr E) Apprach 37.7 E 34.3 D 4. Crestn Rd/Elm Ct 0.2 A 0.2 A Suthbund (Elm Ct) Apprach 28.9 D 26.2 D 5. Crestn Rd/Private Rd 0.1 A 0.2 A Nrthbund (Private Rd) Apprach 0.0 A 26.2 D 6. Crestn Rd/Ferr Ln W 0.2 A 0.2 A Nrthbund (Ferr Ln W) Apprach 27.5 D 27.9 D 7. Crestn Rd/Shannn Hill Dr 0.4 A 0.3 A Suthbund (Shannn Hill Dr) Apprach 23.0 C 29.2 D 8. Crestn Rd/Ferr Ln E 0.2 A 0.2 A Nrthbund (Ferr Ln E) Apprach 25.7 D 30.7 D 9. Crestn Rd/Tanner Dr 0.7 A 0.4 A Suthbund (Tanner Dr) Apprach 30.5 D 25.4 D 10. Crestn Rd/Walnut Dr 2.1 A 1.8 A Suthbund (Walnut Dr) Apprach 24.0 C 22.1 C 11. Crestn Rd/Blen Dr 0.8 A 0.6 A Nrthbund (Blen Dr) Apprach 19.2 C 21.7 C 12. Crestn Rd/Trig Ln 0.8 A 0.5 A Nrthbund (Trig Ln) Apprach 27.7 D 32.5 D Suthbund (N Trig Ln) Apprach 20.7 C 19.7 C 13. Crestn Rd/Nickersn Dr 15.6 B 26.5 C 14. Crestn Rd/Ivy Ln 1.6 A 0.6 A Suthbund (Ivy Ln) Apprach 56.9 F 37.5 E 15. Crestn Rd/Orchard D 1.1 A 0.6 A Suthbund (Orchard Dr) Apprach 22.8 C 16.1 C 16. Crestn Rd/Laura Wy 0.2 A 0.2 A Nrthbund (Laura Wy) Apprach 18.4 C 17.7 C 17. Crestn Rd/Rlling Hills Rd 5.1 A 4.5 A Suthbund (Rlling Hills Rd) Apprach 33.9 D 24.6 C 18. Crestn Rd/Meldy Dr 7.9 A 5.6 A 19. Crestn Rd/Glden Hill Rd 47.4 D 25.4 C 20. Crestn Rd/Grand Canyn Dr 0.3 A 0.3 A Westbund (Grand Canyn Dr) Apprach 16.9 C 17.0 C 21. Crestn Rd/Hneysuckle Ln 0.2 A 0.1 A Westbund (Hneysuckle Ln) Apprach 18.0 C 16.5 C 22. Crestn Rd/Lana St-Oak Meadw Ln 39.2 D 14.0 B 23. Crestn Rd/Niblick Rd 41.8 D 46.3 D 27

34 Ntes: Delay is measured in average secnds per vehicle; LOS = Level f Service; Results fr minr appraches t tw-way stp-cntrlled intersectins are indicated in italics Cllisin Histry and Safety Cnditins SWITRS Data The cllisin histry fr the study area was reviewed t determine any trends r patterns that may indicate a safety issue. Cllisin recrds fr the study segment were btained frm the Califrnia Highway Patrl as published in their Statewide Integrated Traffic Recrds System (SWITRS) reprts. The mst current five-year perid available fr the study segment at the time f the analysis was January 1, 2012 thrugh December 31, Segment Cllisin Rates As shwn belw, the calculated cllisin rate fr the study segment was cmpared t average cllisin rates fr similar facilities statewide, as indicated in 2014 Cllisin Data n Califrnia State Highways, Caltrans. 1 There were 40 reprted cllisins alng the study segment fr the evaluated 5-year perid. The calculated segment cllisin rate f 2.90 cllisins per millin vehicles is higher than the statewide cllisin rate fr a similar facility (2.04 cllisins per millin vehicles). The fatal cllisin rate, at 0 percent, was lwer than the statewide average f 0.7 percent fr similar facilities. The injury cllisin rate, at 26.5 percent, was lwer than the statewide average f 41.2 percent. While the study segment had an abve-average cllisin rate verall, due t the belw-average injury and fatality rates there des nt appear t be a significant safety cncern. Cllisin Rate Fatality Rate Injury Rate Study Segment 2.90 c/mvm 0.0% 26.5% Statewide Average 2.04 c/mvm 0.7% 41.2% Pedestrian Cllisins The mst current 10-year perid available fr reprted pedestrian-related cllisins alng the study segment is frm January 1, 2007 t December 31, During this perid, there were 10 reprted cllisins invlving pedestrians n the Crestn Rad study segment. Nne f the cllisins resulted in a fatality, thugh eight cllisins resulted in an injury. The pedestrian cllisins that ccurred alng the study segment ccurred at the fllwing intersectins with Crestn Rad, and ccurred as pedestrians were crssing at the intersectins. Ferr Lane ne cllisin Blen Drive ne cllisin Laura Way tw cllisins Meldy Drive ne cllisin Glden Hill Rad tw cllisins Lana Street-Oak Meadw Lane three cllisins It shuld be nted that a traffic signal was installed at the intersectin f Crestn Rad/Lane Street-Oak Meadw Lane in 2017, after the reprted cllisins ccurred. 1 There is n published cllisin rates fr lcal rads in Califrnia, therefre, the Caltrans dcument is used fr cmparisn purpses. 28

35 Bicycle Cllisins Fr the 10-year study perid f January 1, 2007 t December 31, 2016 there were 12 reprted cllisins invlving bicycles n the Crestn Rad crridr. There were n fatal cllisins, while eight cllisins resulted in an injury. Five f the reprted 12 cllisins invlved bicycles travelling the wrng way. Other Cllisin Data The cllisin histry fr the study area was als examined based n recrds available frm the Califrnia Highway Patrl and published n UC Berkeley s Transprtatin Injury Mapping System (TIMS). These recrds nly include reprted cllisins invlving injuries, fatalities, bicycles, and pedestrians. Maps depicting the lcatin f these cllisins since January 1, 2012 are shwn belw. While injury and fatal cllisins ccurred thrughut the crridr, the highest cncentratin ccurred at Crestn Rad/Glden Hill Rad, which was recently signalized. The secnd highest cncentratin ccurred at Meldy Drive, while the third highest ccurred at Lana Street-Oak Meadw Lane (which was recently upgraded t include prtected left-turn phasing n the Lana Street and Oak Meadw Lane appraches). Several cllisins ccurred alng the frntage f Pifer Elementary Schl as well as at the crsswalk lcatins adjacent t Lewis Middle Schl. 29

36 As illustrated belw, pedestrian and bicycle cllisins ccurred thrughut the crridr, with cncentratins at the Crestn Rad/Glden Hill Rad and Lana Street-Oak Meadw Lane intersectins. Cllisins ccurred adjacent t Pifer Elementary Schl and Lewis Middle Schl and were therwise spread alng the narrw western sectin f the crridr. Pedestrian Netwrk Sidewalks Alng the crridr f Crestn Rad, existing sidewalks are nt cntinuus. Missing sidewalk sectins including the fllwing lcatins. Nrth side - Between Shannn Hill Drive and Tanner Drive Nrth side Between Tanner Drive and Walnut Drive Nrth side East f Trig Lane Nrth side between Nickersn Drive and Ivy Lane Nrth side between Ivy Lane and Orchard Drive Nrth side between Orchard Drive and Rlling Hills Rad East side between Oak Meadw Lane and Fd 4 Less center 30

37 There are apprximately 1,300 feet f frntage withut sidewalks; apprximately 3,900 feet f frntage alng the Crestn Rad crridr have sidewalks. A visual inventry f the missing sidewalk sectins is shwn in Appendix C. Pedestrian Crsswalks Between Nrth River Rad-Unin Rad and Niblick Rad there are eight (8) pedestrian crsswalk lcatins n Crestn Rad. Fllwing is a summary f these crsswalks: Signalized Crsswalks Fur f the crsswalk lcatins are served by a traffic signal with pedestrian crssing signals and push buttn activatin: Crestn Rad/Nickersn Drive East leg, schl zne crssing Crestn Rad/Meldy Drive West and east legs Crestn Rad/Glden Hill Rad West and east legs Crestn Rad/Lana Street-Oak Meadw Lane Suth leg, schl zne crssing Uncntrlled Crsswalks Fur f the crsswalks are uncntrlled with vehicle free flw n the Crestn Rad appraches. Three f these lcatins include cntinuusly flashing verhead beacns n mast arm ples with schl pedestrian crssing signs. Crestn Rad/Walnut Drive East leg, schl zne crssing Crestn Rad/Trig Lane West leg, schl zne crssing, verhead flashing beacn Crestn Rad/Ivy Lane West leg, schl zne crssing, verhead flashing beacn Crestn Rad/Orchard Drive - East leg, schl zne crssing, verhead flashing beacn Eastbund Crestn Rad at Walnut Drive Westbund Crestn Rad at Walnut Drive 31

38 Eastbund Crestn Rad at Trig Lane Westbund Crestn Rad at Trig Lane Eastbund Crestn Rad at Orchard Drive Westbund Crestn Rad at Orchard Drive Eastbund Crestn Rad at Ivy Lane Westbund Crestn Rad at Ivy Lane Crsswalk Warrants Intersectin warrant evaluatins were cmpleted fr each uncntrlled study intersectin and uncntrlled pedestrian crsswalk using the Califrnia Manual n Unifrm Traffic Cntrl Devices (CA MUTCD) 2014 r natinal pedestrian safety imprvement warrants published by the Natinal Cperative Highway Research Prgram (NCHRP Reprt 562, 2006) fr each f the fllwing imprvement alternatives using the surce referenced. 32

39 Traffic signal CA MUTCD Pedestrian hybrid beacn (HAWK) CA MUTCD and/r NCHRP In-Radway Warning Lights (IRWL) CA MUTCD and /r NCHRP Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacn (RRFB) CA MUTCD and/r NCHRP These warrants were cmpleted fr the fur uncntrlled schl crsswalks and the results are included in Appendix D. As shwn in the Table 6, the HAWK (Pedestrian Hybrid Beacn) is warranted at the intersectin f Crestn Rad/Ivy Lane using the MUTCD HAWK warrants. Using the NCHRP warrants, a traffic signal r HAWK is warranted at the intersectins with Ivy Lane, Trig Lane and Walnut Drive. Warning beacns r gemetric enhancements such as curb extensins r medians are warranted at the intersectin with Orchard Drive. Table 6 Pedestrian Traffic Cntrl Device Warrants Intersecting Street HAWK NCHRP Existing Future Existing Future Ivy Lane Yes Yes RED RED Orchard Drive N N TCD-Crsswalk TCD-Active r Enhanced Trig Lane N N TCD-RED TCD - RED Walnut Drive N N TCD-RED TCD - RED Nte: RED = Half Signal r HAWK, Active r Enhanced = Warning Beacns r Gemetric Enhancements Bicycle Netwrk The Highway Design Manual, Caltrans, 2017, classifies bikeways int fur categries: Class I Multi-Use Path a cmpletely separated right-f-way fr the exclusive use f bicycles and pedestrians with crss flws f mtrized traffic minimized. Class II Bike Lane a striped and signed lane fr ne-way bike travel n a street r highway. Class III Bike Rute signing nly fr shared use with mtr vehicles within the same travel lane n a street r highway. Class IV Bikeway als knwn as a separated bikeway, is a bikeway fr the exclusive use f bicycles and includes a separatin between the bikeway and the mtr vehicle traffic lane. The separatin (r, buffer ) may include, but is nt limited t, grade separatin, flexible psts, inflexible physical barriers, r n-street parking. (Nte: Caltrans Design Infrmatin Bulletin Number 89, Class IV Bikeway Guidance, December 2015, prvides detailed guidance n Class IV Bikeways.) Existing Bicycle Facilities Currently there are mstly cntinuus Class II bike lanes thrughut the crridr n bth sides f the street. The primary sectin where there are n bike lane markings is n the east side f Crestn Rad, suth f Oak Meadw Lane alng the undevelped prperty frntage. In the eastern prtin f the crridr where the bike lanes are wider and generally unmarked, the bike lanes are frequently perceived as parking spaces fr vehicles. The intent f the plan is t maintain bike lanes n the crridr and prvide imprvements t prvide bike facilities where there are gaps. These are discussed later in the reprt. 33

40 Transit Operatins Pas Express Existing transit peratins include the Pas Express, which is a public transprtatin system established in September f The Pas Express has many stp lcatins including Pine Street at 8 th Street, Spring Street at 34 th Street, Ysabel Street, Crestn Rad at Nickersn Drive, Crestn Rad at Sherwd Rad, Stney Creek Drive at Crestn Rad, and Niblick Rad at Bearcat Lane. This public transit system perates every hur at each stp and cnnects many neighbrhds within Pas Rbles. Pas Express is pen t the general public and prvides a lwcst transprtatin alternative. Rutes are shwn in image belw. Recently, Pas Express cnslidated with the San Luis Obisp Reginal Transit Authrity. 34

41 Dial-a-Ride Dial-A-Ride (DAR) is a demand-respnsive public transit service prviding curb-t-curb service anywhere within city limits. All vehicles are lw-flr and ramp-equipped t serve the mbility impaired. Service is available Mnday-Friday frm 7 a.m. t 1 p.m. Vehicle Parking Vehicular parking alng the Crestn Rad crridr is prvided via n-street parking and ff-street private parking lts. On-Street Parking Althugh mst f the crridr has bike lanes, there are sme places where there is n-street parking fr vehicles in additin t bike lanes. Bike lanes are nt indicated with marked bike legends between Glden Hill Rad and Niblick Rad and can appear t be n-street parking rather than bike lanes. Many vehicles park in the bike lane alng the Pifer Elementary Schl frntage, and further east alng Crestn Rad tward Niblick Rad. Off-Street Private Parking Off-street parking is prvided within shpping centers, churches, and schls alng the Crestn Rad crridr. Parking Pckets There are three parking pckets r parking cututs alng the crridr: West f Shannn Hill Drive n the suth side f Crestn Rad West f Walnut Drive n the suth side f Crestn Rad West f Trig Lane n the suth side f Crestn Rad These areas prvide rm fr perpendicular parking directly ff the travel way, resulting in a wide swath f paved area. The wide-pen nature f the street crss-sectin in these lcatins creates safety cncerns fr pedestrians, bicyclists, and vehicles. The cututs result in an abrupt end t the sidewalks and backing ut f these spaces may prve difficult when lking fr bicycles. Maneuvering int and ut f the pcket can present cnflicts with vehicles traveling alng Crestn Rad. The intent f the plan is t redesign these areas t eliminate the expanse f pavement and create a mre defined area f entry and exit fr vehicles and sidewalk facilities fr pedestrians. These are discussed later in the reprt. 35

42 Cmmunity Engagement Intrductin The purpse f the Cmmunity Engagement Prcess was t create an pen, inclusive prcess that engaged a representative crss-sectin f area residents and stakehlders. The prject team engaged residents and stakehlders in an intensive and highly participatry public prcess t assess and dcument cnditins fr all travel mdes (walking, bicycling, transit, and driving) and users (yuth, senirs, peple with disabilities, residents, diverse grups, visitrs, and businesses), identify shared values and cncerns, and identify and priritize enhancements. Multi-day Cmmunity Wrkshp (May 2017) A multi-day public design wrkshp anchred the cmmunity-based planning prcess. It tk place ver fur days in May 2017 t shape develpment f the plan. The purpse was t wrk with residents and stakehlders t establish a shared visin and cncepts fr a walkable, bicycle-friendly street that supprts mtrists and nnmtrists alike. Thrughut the wrkshp, the cnsultant team prcessed cmmunity input, held fcus grups and imprmptu meetings with church and schl representatives and ther stakehlders alng the crridr, and sketched ptential imprvements and design alternatives. Kickff Meeting Cmmunity events kicked ff Mnday, May 8th with a meeting with the Lewis Middle Schl students t discuss their input n walking, biking and taking transit t schl. Walking assessments were then held at 5:00 p.m. that began at the Middle Schl. Members f the cnsultant team led apprximately 20 participants in tw grups t view and discuss typical challenges in the field and cnsider ideas fr slutins. After the walks the participants returned t Lewis Middle Schl t jin thers fr the pening cmmunity wrkshp at 6:30 p.m., which was attended by mre than 40 peple. Input frm Lewis Middle Schl Students 36

43 Walking Audit (May 2018) Opening Wrkshp The evening wrkshp began with the questin: What is yur visin fr Crestn Rad twenty years frm nw? Participants spent a few mments writing their respnses n nte cards. Vlunteers were asked t read their visins ut lud. Example language included: Mre families walking and ding activities n Crestn, like taking walks dwntwn and t the river trail. Remve barriers like psts at schls, clearer crsswalks with flashing lights... N medians with plants. Rad desn t need t be shwcase. Just mve traffic safely. Part f larger cnnected bikeway, beautiful landscaping, traffic calming, encurages pedestrian use f all ages, and cntains art. Well paved, well-marked crsswalks, bike lanes and parking; sidewalks bth sides, well maintained yards; n center rad planting. A safe cmplete street that supprts healthy transprtatin ptins In particular, needs t safely accmmdate children. Crsswalks. Less garbage. Bike lanes, gardens, street lights, a park, plants, less traffic. Other cmmn themes frm the visin cards included: 37

44 Fresh pavement and striping Free/smth traffic flw with least number f barriers r bstacles pssible Enugh space t handle current and future traffic Safe crssings and signals fr pedestrians Cmplete sidewalks n bth sides Bike lanes n bth sides Mre trees Attendees were then asked t write their mst imprtant values fr Pas Rbles n sticky ntes. The ntes were arranged n a wall accrding t like values. Tp values included: Family-Oriented Sense f Cmmunity Wine and Weather Lcatin and Accessibility Small Rural Twn Character Amenities Histry Fllwing the visin and value exercises, the cnsultant team presented cncepts assciated with cmplete streets, data and bservatins abut existing cnditins, and examples f tls and strategies t fuel discussin abut ptential imprvements. Peple then brke int small grups arund large aerial maps t mark up and identify issues and imprvements fr the rad using the questins belw as a guide. Each grup then shared their ideas t everyne in attendance. What s wrking well n Crestn Rad? Where are challenges? Where is it difficult t walk, ride a bicycle r drive a car? Which intersectins are difficult t crss? 38

45 Pp-up Demnstratin Prject On Wednesday, May 10th, the prject team set up a temprary pp-up prtected bicycle lane and pedestrian crssing island n Crestn Rad in frnt f Lewis Middle schl in cnjunctin with the regin-wide Safe Rutes t Schl Bike t Schl Day. Cnes, hay bales, straw wattles, and white tape were used t create the pp up demnstratin t help students, parents, city and schl staff, cnsultant team members and thers visualize and test an enhanced bicycle lane and crsswalk n the crridr. Pp Up Demnstratin Open Studi Later that evening, the team held an pen studi in the Emergency Services Building at the plice statin. City Cuncil members, agency staff, plice and fire fficials, and apprximately 20 residents viewed the designs in prgress and shared bservatins, ideas, cncerns and cmments with members f the cnsultant team. 39

46 Alternatives Presentatin Events cncluded Thursday, May 11 th at a wrkshp held at Lewis Middle Schl and attended by apprximately 50 peple. Participants weighed in n three alternatives fllwing a presentatin f the preliminary designs develped during the week. (Alternatives presented in fllwing sectin.) Based n plling indicated by placing clred dts n varius maps and graphs, preference was expressed fr a tw-lane radway between Elm Curt and Rlling Hills Rad with a center tw-way left turn lane, striped buffered bike lanes, median crssing islands and enhanced crsswalks at uncntrlled lcatins, cmpletin f sidewalks where gaps exist, and widened sidewalks in sme lcatins. There was als cnsiderable supprt fr the installatin f a rundabut at the intersectin with Rlling Hills Rad. Detailed input frm the public is discussed later in the reprt. The wrkshp presentatin, which includes the Wrkshp Visining Exercise, Tlbx Element Preferences and Mapping Exercise, is included in Appendix E. Design Review Wrkshp (September 2017) In the mnths that fllwed, the cnsultant team studied and refined prpsed imprvements, cnducted traffic and cst analyses, and prepared the full design fr Crestn Rad. On September 27, 2017, City staff and members f the cnsultant team presented the design alternative t the City Cuncil and cmmunity at the City Cuncil meeting. Apprximately 40 peple attended. After the presentatin, participants were given an pprtunity t prvide written cmments and vte n the features prpsed in the design. The results were tabulated and are summarized later in the reprt. 40

47 September 2017 Cuncil Presentatin Presentatin t City Cuncil (February 2018) The cnsultant team made adjustments t the prpsed alternative based n feedback frm the City Cuncil, staff and the public and prepared the Preferred Alternative Plan, which was presented t the City Cuncil fr final apprval n February 6,

48 Best Practices and Ptential Imprvement Measures The prcess utlined specific pedestrian, bicycle, and vehicle transprtatin best practices, r a tlbx f ptential imprvement measures fr the Crestn Rad crridr. These elements were presented at the pening wrkshp t gather feedback frm the public n these ptential mdificatins in advance f defining the alternatives. The tlbx included the fllwing elements which are presented in the rder f their interest by the cmmunity. Crsswalk Warning Beacns Warning System Pedestrian Activated Culd utilize either Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacns (RRFB) r In-Radway Warning lights. Street Trees Prvide shade Visual interest Slws dwn traffic 42

49 Wide, Cntinuus Sidewalks Buffer creates mre cmfrtable the pedestrian facility Increases the number f trips made by walking Gives incentive fr peple t windw shp Clred Cncrete Shulders Fr Pedestrian walkways in rural areas High visibility Lwer cst Reduces visual width f street Pedestrian Refuge Median Reduces Crssing Distance Simplifies Crssing Prvides Refuge Allws pedestrians t crss ne directin f traffic at a time Slws and calms traffic 43

50 Class IV Separated Bikeway A Class IV Bikeway, als knwn as a separated bikeway, is a bikeway fr the exclusive use f bicycles and includes a separatin between the bikeway and vehicular traffic lane. The separatin (r, buffer ) may include, but is nt limited t, grade separatin, flexible psts, inflexible physical barriers, r n-street parking. Benefits f Class IV bikeways include the fllwing: Prvides greater shy distance between mtr vehicles and bicyclists Prvides space fr bicyclists t pass anther bicyclist withut encraching int the adjacent mtr vehicle travel lane Encurages bicyclists t ride utside f the dr zne when buffer is between parked cars and bike lane Prvides a greater space fr bicycling withut making the bike lane appear s wide that it might be mistaken fr a travel lane r a parking lane Appeals t a wider crss-sectin f bicycle users Encurages bicycling by cntributing t the perceptin f safety amng users f the bicycle netwrk The Highway Design Manual 2017 indicates that bike lanes/buffers are als designated as shulders Fr the Crestn Rad prcess, the Class IV bike facilities were utilized fr the pp-up demnstratin prject. Further discussin f Class IV bike facilities is included in Appendix F. 44

51 Center Turn Lane Left-turn Access Refuge t left-turns nt rad Traffic Signal Prtected Traffic Cntrl Pedestrian Traffic Cntrl High Visibility Striping Designates Bike Space Catches Drivers Attentin 45

52 Schl Pick-up/Drp-ff Fixes High Visibility Pedestrian Features Driver Warning and Attentin Curb Extensins Reduces crssing distance, allwing pedestrians t crss mre safely Prvides additinal visibility and prtectin fr pedestrians, especially children Slws and calms traffic, particularly fast traffic turning frm a majr t a minr rad 46

53 Expansin t Five Lanes Prvides mre capacity Safe Rutes t Schl Prgrams t encurage walking and biking Safety Imprvements t accmmdate peds and bikes. HAWK (Pedestrian Hybrid Beacn Pedestrian Cntrlled Crssing Unlit when nt in use 47

54 Class II Bike Lanes Imprves cnditins fr bicyclists by giving them exclusive right f way Increases visibility fr drivers, making it easier t see cyclists Prmtes cycling Sharrws Encurage drivers t leave space fr cyclists where there is nt enugh space fr a bike lane Advise cyclists when t "take the lane" where travel lanes are t narrw fr riding side by side with vehicles Reduce the incidences f wrng-way cycling Raised Medians fr Traffic Calming Slws traffic Creates space between vehicles n either side Reduces head n cllisins 48

55 Gateway Treatments Sense f Place Traffic calming ptential Driver ntificatin f arrival Narrw Lanes Prmtes slwer driving speeds Reduces the likelihd/severity f crashes Reduces crssing distance fr pedestrians Class I Bike Paths Prvides a cmpletely separated right f way fr the exclusive use f bicyclists and pedestrians 49

56 Green Infrastructure Cnvey drainage Lessen heat island effect Create visual interest Travel Lane Widths The Crestn Rad planning prcess generated a discussin f apprpriate travel lanes width by the City Cuncil and the public. The initial draft cncept plans included 11-ft travel lanes based n the latest Best Practices trending in the US. At the Cuncil meeting there were suggestins t incrprate 12-ft lane widths rather than the 11-ft lanes shwn in the plans. A summary f research n vehicle travel lane widths, input frm lcal staff, and ther factrs t cnsider are included in Appendix G. Buffered Bike Lanes Buffered Bike Lane Benefits Prvides greater shy distance between mtr vehicles and bicyclists. Prvides space fr bicyclists t pass anther bicyclist withut encraching int the adjacent mtr vehicle travel lane. Encurages bicyclists t ride utside f the dr zne when buffer is between parked cars and bike lane. Prvides a greater space fr bicycling withut making the bike lane appear s wide that it might be mistaken fr a travel lane r a parking lane. Appeals t a wider crss-sectin f bicycle users. Encurages bicycling by cntributing t the perceptin f safety amng users f the bicycle netwrk Typical Applicatins Anywhere a standard bike lane is being cnsidered. On streets with high travel speeds, high travel vlumes, and/r high amunts f truck traffic. On streets with extra lanes r extra lane width. Special cnsideratin shuld be given at transit stps t manage bicycle & pedestrian interactins. Surce: Natinal Assciatin f City Transprtatin Officials, Urban Bikeway Design Guide 50

57 Rundabut Intersectins General Definitin A rundabut is a type f circular intersectin which is equal in functin t a traffic signal. Rundabuts adapt size and shape based n cntext f the lcatin. Rundabuts can prvide a transitin area between high-speed rural and lw-speed urban envirnments. They can als be used t demarcate cmmercial areas frm residential areas. The fundamental and essential characteristics f all rundabuts include: Imprves the efficiency f the radway Statistically safer than a traffic signal Reduces nise and vehicle air emissins Equal in functin t a traffic signal Accmmdates all truck mvements with a muntable center truck aprn Successful rundabuts cme in all shapes and sizes. Examples are val-, teardrp-, peanut- and dgbneshaped. Sme have as few as three legs and thers as many as six. There are small, simple mini rundabuts, and larger, mre cmplex multilane rundabuts. It shuld be nted that all rundabuts shuld be designed s that design accmmdates all turns by the largest vehicle allwed n the rad. Operatins characteristics include: Cunterclckwise Flw - Traffic travels cunterclckwise arund a center island. Entry Yield Cntrl - Vehicles entering the rundabut yield t traffic already circulating. Lw Speed - Curvature that results in lwer vehicle speeds, generally MPH, thrughut the rundabut. 51

58 Benefits and Value f Rundabuts Safety They are ften safer, mre efficient, less cstly and mre aesthetically appealing than cnventinal intersectin designs. Furthermre, rundabuts are an excellent chice t cmplement ther transprtatin bjectives including Cmplete Streets, multimdal netwrks, and crridr access management withut cmprmising the ability t keep peple and freight mving. The FHWA Office f Safety identified rundabuts as a Prven Safety Cuntermeasure because f their ability t substantially reduce the types f crashes that result in injury r lss f life. Rundabuts are designed t imprve safety fr all users, including pedestrians and bicycles. Numerus studies have shwn significant safety imprvements at intersectins cnverted frm cnventinal frms t rundabuts. The physical shape f rundabuts eliminates crssing cnflicts that are present at cnventinal intersectins, thus reducing the ttal number f ptential cnflict pints and the mst severe f thse cnflict pints. At fur-way intersectins rundabuts have eight vehicle-t-vehicle cnflict pints versus 32 at a cnventinal intersectin, and eight vehicle-t-pedestrian cnflict pints in cmparisn t 16. Mst significantly, rundabuts reduce the types f crashes where peple are seriusly hurt r killed by 78-82% when cmpared t cnventinal stp-cntrlled and signalized intersectins, per the AASHTO Highway Safety Manual. Cllisins in rundabuts tend t be lw-speed incidents that ften result nly in prperty damage, and the mst severe types f accidents, head-n and bradside, d nt ccur at rundabuts. Speed Reductin Rundabuts are carefully designed t mderate traffic speeds thrugh maneuverability restrictins, with all traffic flwing thrugh the rundabut at design speeds f 15 t 20 miles per hur. This als results in mderated traffic speeds n the rundabut appraches and exits withut creating the stp-and-start cnditins assciated with stp signs and traffic signals. Pedestrian Safety Due t the reductin f vehicle speeds in and arund the intersectin, rundabuts can imprve pedestrian crssing pprtunities. Additinally, the splitter island refuge area prvides the ability fr pedestrians t fcus n ne traffic stream at a time while crssing. Hwever, pedestrians with visual impairments may nt receive the same level f infrmatin at a rundabut as at a typical signalized intersectin, and they may require additinal treatments, such as pedestrian signalizatin. Onging Operatins and Maintenance A rundabut typically has lwer perating and maintenance csts than a traffic signal due t the lack f technical hardware, signal timing equipment, and electricity needs. Rundabuts als prvide substantial cst savings t sciety due t the reductin in crashes, particularly fatal and injury crashes, ver their service life. As a result, the verall life cycle csts f a rundabut can be significantly less than that f a signalized intersectin. Rundabuts als use n electricity ther than street lighting, and have a lnger expected service life than signalized intersectins. Rad Width A rundabut may reduce the amunt f widening needed n the apprach radways in cmparisn t alternative intersectin frms. While signalized r stp-cntrlled intersectins can require adding lengthy leftturn and/r right-turn lanes, a rundabut may enable maintaining a narrwer crss sectin in advance f the intersectin. Hwever, rundabuts usually require mre space fr the circulatry radway, central island, and sidewalks than the typically rectangular space inside traditinal intersectins. Therefre, rundabuts ften have greater right-f-way needs at the intersectin quadrants cmpared with ther intersectin frms. 52

59 Operatinal Perfrmance The ability t make U-turns is relatively easy and safe at rundabut-cntrlled intersectins. This can facilitate parking circulatin, and can imprve access frm driveways alng adjacent street segments where left-turns are difficult r prhibited. Fr a given number f entering lanes, rundabuts are capable f handling a higher vlume f vehicles than ther types f intersectin cntrls. At many intersectins, and in particular thse that are allway stp-cntrlled, rundabuts will have lwer average vehicle delay and better Levels f Service. Hwever, as yield-cntrlled intersectins, rundabuts d nt prvide pririty t specific users such as trains, transit, r emergency vehicles. GHG Emissin Reductin Rundabuts ften prvide envirnmental benefits by reducing vehicle delay and the number and duratin f stps cmpared with signalized r all-way stp-cntrlled alternatives. Even when there are heavy vlumes, vehicles cntinue t advance slwly in mving queues rather than cming t a cmplete stp. By reducing the amunt f rapid acceleratin and deceleratin assciated with ther types f intersectin cntrls, rundabuts typically cause vehicles t cnsume less fuel and crrespndingly lead t lwer vehicle emissins. This als has an effect n reducing nise and air quality impacts frm the number f acceleratin/deceleratin cycles and the time spent idling. 53

60 Alternatives Transprtatin Issues t Cnsider The develpment f the alternatives evlved frm the fllwing: Analysis f Existing and Future Traffic Cnditins Identified Safety Issues Tlbx f Best Practices Input received at the Crridr Study Wrkshps Numerus transprtatin gals were cnsidered in develping elements f each alternative including: Cntain imprvements within the existing public right-f-way Prvide center turn lanes where missing t increase access Cnsider safe crridr imprvements fr schl children Achieve cntinuity f Bike Lanes Increase cmfrt and safety fr bicyclist Add pedestrian crssings where currently in demand Enhance existing uncntrlled crssings Accmmdate f truck traffic Cnnect existing trails Eliminate cnflicts at parking bays Calm traffic at the transitin between 3-lane and 5-lane sectins. These issues are summarized in Figure 6. Alternative Descriptins As a result f the public input during the wrkshp activities and design cnsideratins discussed abve, Alternatives were develped fr the Crestn Rad crridr. Alternative A 3/5 Lanes (Enhanced 3 Lanes) Alternative A prvides the apprpriate amunt f capacity needed fr the crridr. A three-lane sectin is prvided west f Rlling Hills Rad and the existing five lanes are maintained t the east. The prpsed elements are described belw and are shwn in Figure 7. Travel Lanes Primarily remain as they exist tday frm Walnut Drive t Niblick Rad Capitl Hill Drive t Walnut Restripe frm 2 t 3 lanes; this wuld require lss f parking Lana Drive suth t Fd 4 Less Center Expand t five Lanes Bike Lanes Optin A Prvide striped buffered bike lanes Optin B Prvide Class IV prtected bikeways everywhere Optin C Prvide Class IV prtected bikeways near schl znes 54

61 Rlling Hills Rd Sectin with lack f center turn lane Parking Bays Cnnectin t Centennial Park Trail Cnnectins t Salinas River Parkway Trail Figure 6 Existing Traffic and Safety Establish frntage imprvements Cnnectin t Water Tank lp trail Glden Hill Rd Cmmercial Cnnectins t Centennial Park Trail Pint f transitin frm 3 t 5 lanes, Evaluate traffic cntrl needs, Cnnectin t Water Tank lp trail N pedestrian crssing N pedestrian crssing between Oak Meadw Ln and Niblick Rd Establish frntage imprvements Oak Meadw Ln Meldy Dr Lana St Pifer Elementary Schl Sherwd Rd Cmmercial Niblick Rd pr029 figures.ai 4/18 Church Pas Rbles High Schl Trinity Church and Schl Orchard Dr Centennial Park Lewis Middle Schl Trig Ln Ivy Ln Walnut Drive Church N River Rd Nickersn Dr St. Rse Church and Schl S River Rd Lanes 5 Lanes 3 Lanes 5 Lanes 3 Lanes 3 Lanes xxxx xxxxxx xxxx 2 Lanes 5 Lanes LEGEND Study Crridr Trail Traffic Signal Schl and/r Church 1 Salinas River Parkway Trail Uncntrlled Schl Crssing Park 2 Water Tank Lp Issue Area Cmmercial Lt 3 Centennial Park Trail Vacant r Undevelped Frntages xx Cnnectin t Trails Parking Bays

62 Rlling Hills Rd Oak Meadw Ln 3* Lanes Pifer Elementary Schl Sherwd Rd Cmmercial 5 Lanes Niblick Rd Figure 7 Alternative A (5 Lanes) pr029 figures.ai 4/18 Glden Hill Rd 5 Lanes Lana St Cmmercial Meldy Dr Church Pas Rbles High Schl Trinity Church and Schl Orchard Dr Centennial Park Trig Ln Ivy Ln Walnut Drive Lewis Middle Schl Church N River Rd Nickersn Dr St. Rse Church and Schl S River Rd Lanes 3 Lanes 3 Lanes R R 3 Lanes 5 Lanes LEGEND Study Crridr Trail Traffic Signal Schl and/r Church 1 Salinas River Parkway Trail Park 2 Water Tank Lp Cmmercial Lt 3 Centennial Park Trail R RRFB Installatin Rundabut r Traffic Signal Vacant r Undevelped Frntages R

63 Parking Parking will be maintained where utilized Mdify three parking bays t increase safety Pavement Repave the crridr Sidewalks Fill in all existing gaps in sidewalks Maintain all existing sidewalks where needed. Widen schl frntage sidewalks frm 5 t 10 feet. Prvide missing ADA curb ramps. Traffic Cntrl Walnut Drive Install a traffic signal Rlling Hills Rad Install a traffic signal (Optin A) Rlling Hills Rad Install a rundabut (Optin B) Pedestrian Crsswalks Trig Lane Mve crsswalk t east leg, install curb extensins, install RRFB. Ivy Lane Install raised median and RRFB (Optin A) Ivy Lane Install HAWK Signal (Optin B) Orchard Drive Install curb extensins, median, install RRFB. Rlling Hills Rad Add pedestrian crssing Trail Enhancements Prvide a trail between Rlling Hills Rad and the Centennial Trail Cnnect Centennial Trail t Schls Utilities Assume existing utilities will be undergrunded. Landscaping Install landscaping n existing striped medians. Estimated Cnstructin Cst $9,811,690 Includes $375,000 fr prperty acquisitin 57

64 Alternative B High Capacity 5-Lane Since there was desire by sme cmmunity members t explre an expanded five-lane cnfiguratin fr the entire crridr, Alternative B was created. The prpsed elements are described belw and are shwn in Figure 8. Travel Lanes Capitl Hill Drive t Walnut Widen frm 2 lanes (50 feet) t 5 lanes (65 feet) Walnut t Rlling Hills Widen frm 3 lanes t 5 lanes. Lana Drive Suth t Fd 4 Less Center Widen t 5 lanes Bike Lanes Maintain existing striped bike lanes Parking N n-street parking is included Mdify three parking bays t increase safety Pavement Repave the crridr Sidewalks Fill in gaps in sidewalks alng entire crridr Maintain sidewalks as necessary Prvide ADA curb ramps where missing Traffic Cntrl Walnut Drive Install a traffic signal and realign with Blen Drive Rlling Hills Rad Install a traffic signal Pedestrian Crsswalks Trig Lane Install HAWK Signal Ivy Lane Install HAWK Signal Orchard Drive Install HAWK Signal Utilities Assume existing utilities will be undergrunded. Estimated Cnstructin Cst $23,872,392 Includes $10,156,650 fr prperty acquisitin 58

65 Rlling Hills Rd Oak Meadw Ln 5 Lanes Pifer Elementary Schl Sherwd Rd Cmmercial 5 Lanes Niblick Rd Figure 8 Alternative B (5 Lanes) pr029 figures.ai 4/18 Glden Hill Rd 5 Lanes Lana St Cmmercial Meldy Dr Church Pas Rbles High Schl Trinity Church and Schl Orchard Dr Centennial Park Ivy Ln Lewis Middle Schl Nickersn Dr Trig Ln Walnut Drive Church St. Rse Church and Schl N River Rd S River Rd Lanes 5 Lanes 5 Lanes H H H 5 Lanes 5 Lanes LEGEND Study Crridr Schl and/r Church Trail 1 Salinas River Parkway Trail Park 2 Water Tank Lp H Traffic Signal HAWK Signal Installatin Cmmercial Lt 3 Centennial Park Trail Vacant r Undevelped Frntages

66 Alternative C Just Repave Alternative C fcuses n repaving the crridr and maintaining the existing lanes. Sidewalks, pedestrian crssing imprvements and traffic cntrl measures were added. The prpsed elements are described belw. Travel Lanes Remain as they exist tday Bike Lanes Maintain existing bike lanes Parking Parking will be maintained where utilized Mdify three parking bays t increase safety Pavement Repave the crridr Sidewalks Fill in gaps in sidewalks t prvide a cntinuus facility Maintain existing sidewalks Prvide ADA curb ramps where missing Traffic Cntrl Walnut Drive Install a traffic signal Rlling Hills Rad Install a traffic signal Pedestrian Crsswalks Trig Lane Install RRFB Ivy Lane Install HAWK Signal Estimated Cnstructin Cst $4,631,027 60

67 3-Lane vs. 5 Lane Alternatives Prs & Cns 3-Lane Alternative Slwer speed traffic Prudent driver sets the speed Less delay at intersectins Shrter signal cycles Safer t crss the street Shrter distance t crss Fewer cnflicts N multiple threat crashes Easier t ride a bicycle Lwer speed, mre cmfrtable Less expensive t maintain 5-Lane Alternative Faster speed traffic Aggressive driver can weave between lanes Lnger delay at intersectins Lnger signal cycle Mre difficult t crss the street Lnger distance t crss Mre pints f cnflict Multiple threat crash Mre difficult t ride a bicycle High speed uncmfrtable fr cyclist Mre expensive t maintain The three cncept images belw shw the crsswalk n Crestn Rad at Ivy Lane under existing cnditins, Alternative A and Alternative B. WB near Ivy Lane Existing 61

68 WB near Ivy Lane Enhanced 3 Lane Alternative WB near Ivy Lane 5 Lane Alternative 62

69 Cst Estimates Fllwing is a summary f the cnstructin cst estimates fr the three alternatives. Alternative Descriptin Estimate ($) A 3/5 Lanes 9,811,690 B High Capacity 5 Lane 23,872,392 C Just Pave It 4,631,027 Cst estimates fr the three alternatives are included Appendix H. It shuld be nted that these preliminary cst estimates have limitatins due t the lack f details available at the time f their prductin. Mre refined cst estimates were created later in the prcess and are presented later in the reprt. May 2017 Wrkshp Feedback At the final wrkshp n May 11 th, participants weighed in n the three alternatives fllwing a presentatin f the preliminary designs develped ver the curse f the week. The results f the Preference Feedback are shwn in Table 7. There was a strng supprt fr Alternative A with the rundabut at Rlling Hills Rad. Hwever, there was ppsitin t the prtected Class IV bike lanes which had been the subject f the pp-up demnstratin. Reasns fr ppsitin t the Class IV were nt specifically verbalized by attendees, but were likely due t their unfamiliarity with the design and segment f the ppulatin which resisted any changes. 63

70 Table 7 May 2017 Outreach Alternatives Preference Feedback Feedback Supprt Against Net Ttal Alternative A 3/5 Lanes Restripe frm 2 Lanes t 3 Lanes Traffic Signal at Walnut Flashing Beacn and Curb Extensin at Trig A. Striped Buffered Bike lanes B. Prtected Bike Lanes A. Flashing Beacn and Median at Ivy B. HAWK Signal at Ivy Wider Sidewalk in Schl Areas Flashing Beacn and Median at Orchard Cnnect Centennial Trail t Schls Create Trail between Rlling Hills and Cen. Trail A. Traffic Signal at Rlling Hills B. Rundabut at Rlling Hills Landscaping n Existing Medians Expand t 5 Lanes suth f Lana Alt B 5/5 Lanes Widen Capitl Hill Area t 5 Lanes Maintain Existing Striped Bike Lanes Traffic Signal at Walnut and Realign with Blen HAWK at Trig HAWK at Ivy Widen Schl Zne Segment t 5 Lanes HAWK at Orchard Traffic Signal at Rlling Hills Widen sectin suth f Lana t 5 Lanes Alt C Just Pave (+) Keep Existing Lanes Maintain Existing Bike Lanes Traffic Signal at Walnut Flashing Beacn at Trig HAWK at Ivy Traffic Signal at Rlling Hills Others 28. Fill in Missing Sidewalks Repave Mdify 3 Parking Bays Enhanced Traffic Signal Timing

71 Preferred Plan Recmmendatins Descriptin f Recmmendatins In the mnths that fllwed the May 2017 wrkshp, the cnsultant team studied and refined prpsed imprvements and prepared the full design fr Crestn Rad. The resulting Preferred Plan elements are described in this sectin. A map summarizing the verall recmmendatins is shwn in Figure 9. Fllwing are descriptins f each f the segments. Plan views f the crridr alng with mre detailed images f sme f the intersectin imprvements are included in Appendix I. Rad Segments Suth River Rad t Capitl Hill Drive Maintain existing 5 lanes Capitl Hill Drive t Walnut Drive Restripe and/r widen t 3 lanes Walnut Drive t Rlling Hills Rad Maintain existing 3 lanes Rlling Hills Rad t Lana Street-Oak Meadw Lane Maintain existing 5 lanes Lana Street-Oak Meadw Lane t Fd 4 Less Center widen n east side t create 5-lane sectin Fd 4 Less Center t Niblick Rad Maintain existing 5 lanes Intersectins Walnut Drive Install a traffic signal with existing ffset gemetrics and tie in Blen Drive as part f the signal peratins. Trig Lane Install Rapid Rectangular Flashing Beacns and curb extensins n bth sides f Crestn Rad. Ivy Lane Install a raised island and Rapid Rectangular Flashing Beacns as shwn in cncept images. Orchard Drive Install Rapid Rectangular Flashing Beacns and median island n the east leg fr crsswalk refuge. Laura Way Cnvert t right-turn ut nly. Left-turn access t be prvided via rundabut at Rlling Hills Rad. Rlling Hills Rad Install a rundabut. Meldy Lane Install curb extensins fr crsswalks. Glden Hill Rad Install curb extensins fr crsswalks. Midblck between Lana Drive and Niblick Rad Install midblck crsswalk at lcatin t be determined, prbably n the suth side f the intersectin with the Fd 4 Less driveway r near Pifer Schl nce the prperty acrss the street develps. Prvide enhanced traffic signal timing at all traffic signals. 65

72 Rlling Hills Rd Oak Meadw Ln Lana St PED Pifer Elementary Schl OR Sherwd Rd Cmmercial PED 5 Lanes 5 Lanes Niblick Rd PED Figure 9 Preferred Plan PED PED RB pr029 figures.ai 4/18 Glden Hill Rd Cmmercial Meldy Dr Orchard Dr Ivy Ln Church Trinity Church and Schl Lewis Middle Schl Centennial Park Nickersn Dr Pas Rbles High Schl Trig Ln Walnut Drive Church St. Rse Church and Schl N River Rd S River Rd Lanes 3 Lanes 3 Lanes 3 Lanes 5 Lanes LEGEND Study Crridr Trail New Traffic Signal Schl and/r Church 1 Salinas River Parkway Trail # Lanes Mdified Lanes Park 2 Water Tank Lp RB New Rundabut Cmmercial Lt 3 Centennial Park Trail Vacant r Undevelped Frntages Existing Traffic Signal # Lanes Existing Lanes PED Pedestrian Activated Warning Beacn

73 Pedestrian/Trail Access Create new pedestrian trail in utility right-f-way between Rlling Hills Rad intersectin and Centennial Trail. Bike Facilities Maintain existing bike lanes n entire crridr. Where width is available, prvide buffered bike lane striping with a minimum buffer striped width f 2 t 3 feet. Prvide green cnflict zne markings thrugh the intersectin with River Rad-Unin Rad and ther highvlume lcatins. Parking Recnfigure the three parking bays with channelized entrances and exits. Schl Frntage Widen sidewalks n all schl frntages. Prvide mre bus stp waiting areas near schls. Pedestrian Facilities Fill in all missing sidewalk sectins. Landscaping Add drught tlerant landscaping n existing median between Shpping center and Glden Hill Rad. Add raised median with drught tlerant landscaping at existing striped medians between Rlling Hills Rad and Meldy Drive and sutheast f Glden Hill Rad. Prpsed Rundabut at Crestn Rad/Rlling Hills Rad The intersectin warrants the installatin f a traffic signal. With a traffic signal, westbund queuing will extend back int the Crestn Rad/Meldy Drive traffic signal. The rundabut will allw the intersectin t perate at a Level f Service A r B during peak hurs under existing and future vlumes, which is much better than the City standard f LOS D. Als, queues extending frm the rundabut wuld be shrter than with a traffic signal, s wuld have less ptential fr queue spillback t the Meldy Drive traffic signal. The rundabut has been designed t accmmdate Califrnia Legal sized semi-trucks n all maneuvers, plus WB-67 dubles n Crestn thrugh mvements. The interir raised truck island is intended t be muntable by trucks while mderating speed fr all vehicles. A majr benefit f the rundabut wuld be westbund vehicle speed regulatin and increased awareness as drivers enter the segment where there is schl traffic. 67

74 The rundabut will be particularly effective at the transitin between the 3- and 5-lane sectins. The rundabut will facilitate U-turn mvements. Therefre, utbund left-turn mvements frm Laura Way will turn right, then make a U-Turn at the rundabut. With a traffic signal at Rlling Hills, a raised median wuld be required which wuld blck Laura Way and may nt accmmdate U-turns. Similarly, fr future develpment n the nrthwest crner, U-turns thugh the rundabut will allw fr easier access t the prperty than a traffic signal. Plan View Images Segment #1 Mdificatins made frm Unin Rad t Ferr Lane Incrpratin f a tw-way center turn lane Retentin f access t existing driveways Incrpratin f prtected intersectin design treatments fr bicycle crssings at Unin Rad intersectin Installatin f cntinuus painted bike lanes Increased landscape barriers in-between sidewalks and rad. Mdificatins made frm Ferr Lane t Shannn Hill Rad; Additinal sidewalks made alng the plaza, which include Kelly Mre Paints and Nick s Barber and Hair Design The parking bays will include a landscape barrier separating the travel lanes frm the parking area with ne pint f access and exit. 68

75 Existing parking areas t remain, but parking spaces changed frm perpendicular spaces t diagnal parking Incrpratin f a tw-way center turn lane Mdificatins made frm Shannn Hill Rad t Blen Drive; Additin f traffic signals at the intersectins with Walnut Drive and Blen Drive Existing parking areas remain, changes t include landscape barriers and diagnal parking spaces Increased sidewalk space at the intersectin f Blen Drive and Crestn Rad Segment #2 Mdificatins made frm Trig Lane t Orchard Drive; Additin f RRFBs at the crsswalks at Trig Lane, Ivy Lane, and Orchard Drive Installatin f cntinuus painted bike lanes and crssing lanes Additinal and increased pedestrian sidewalk area, mainly arund intersectins Incrpratin f a tw-way center turn lane Allcatin f n-street parking between Ivy Lane and Orchard Drive Mdificatins made frm Orchard Drive t Meldy Drive; Additin f a rundabut at Rlling Hills Rad and Crestn Rad intersectin Increased sidewalk area arund rundabut New pedestrian crsswalks at Rlling Hills Rad 69

76 Segment #3 Mdificatins made frm Meldy Drive t Niblick Drive; Prvisin f striped buffers in between bike lanes and rad ways Incrpratin f a tw-way center turn lane Retentin f existing landscape barriers Eliminatin f existing n street parking; cnvert t buffered striped bike lanes Additinal sidewalk area alngside undevelped lt between Oak Meadw Lane and plaza entrance Befre and After Cncept Images Fllwing is a series f befre and after images fr fur lcatins n the crridr. 70

77 West f Shannn Hill Drive (EB) Existing West f Shannn Hill Drive (EB) Prpsed 71

78 Ivy Lane Crssing (WB) Existing Ivy Lane Crssing (WB) Prpsed 72

79 Rlling Hills Rad (WB) Existing Rlling Hills Rad (WB) Prpsed 73

80 NB at Pifer Schl Existing NB at Pifer Schl Prpsed 74