STATE OF THE WALKING MOVEMENT IN CANADA:

Transcription

1 STATE OF THE WALKING MOVEMENT IN CANADA: Survey Summary Reprt Cmpleted fr: Canada Walks f Green Cmmunities Canada Cmpleted by: Jake Garland, Paul Grve, Nathan Jenkins, Sphia Kanavas, Michael Lee, Philip Liu, Adam Sweanr Ryersn University Studi Grup

2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Special Thanks: Thank yu t thse wh have prvided their cnstructive feedback as well as guidance thrughut this prject. Withut the prvided guidance and supprt thrughut The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada Survey prject, this reprt culd nt have been prduced. Thank yu t: Canada Walks f Green Cmmunities Canada Kate Hall, Prgram Manager, WALK Friendly, Canada Walks Jacky Kennedy, Directr, Canada Walks, Green Cmmunities Canada Dr. Raktim Mitra, Supervisr, Ryersn University In additin, we are immensely appreciative fr the exceeding amunt f survey respndents wh tk the time t participate in The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada Survey. Thank yu fr being a part f the walking mvement in Canada and wrking t better the health f Canadians. Authrs: Canada Walks f Green Cmmunities Canada has partnered with Ryersn University t prduce the State f the Walking Mvement in Canada: Survey Summary Reprt. This reprt has been prduced by a Ryersn University Graduate Studi Grup within the Schl f Urban and Reginal Planning. It has been cmpleted by: Jake Garland, Paul Grve, Nathan Jenkins, Sphia Kanavas, Michael Lee, Philip Liu, and Adam Sweanr. This reprt has been cmpleted with supervisin frm: Dr. Raktim Mitra, Ryersn University Fr mre infrmatin, cntact: Green Cmmunities Active & Safe Rutes t Schl 416 Chambers Street, 2nd Flr Peterbrugh, ON K9H 3V1 (416) inf@canadawalks.ca

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY There are many rganizatins, grups, agencies, and gvernments acrss Canada that prmte and advcate fr walking and/r plan fr walkability. Hwever, what practices these grups and rganizatins use, as well as the resurces available t them, is nt necessarily well knwn. Furthermre, there is little infrmatin n hw these grups and rganizatins view walking and walkability practices in Canada, as well as areas in which they need assistance within their wn practices. The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada: Survey Summary Reprt is the presentatin f findings cllected frm The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada Survey. The survey investigated the practices, resurces, and needs f grups and rganizatins acrss Canada that prmte walking and plan fr walkability. Acquiring this infrmatin is f timely imprtance due t the increasing reliance n the private autmbile, and increasing rates f chrnic illness thrughut the cuntry, t which walking can cmbat. Respndent Overview A ttal f 128 cmplete survey respnses were received frm a variety f rganizatins. The majrity f respndents represented cmmunity-based advcacy grups (23%), but a number f different rganizatinal types respnded including walking grups/clubs (18%), public health units/rganizatins (10%), nn-prfit rganizatins (10%), municipalities (7%), advisry cmmittees f municipal cuncils (6%), prfessinal assciatins (5%), and thers (20%). The majrity f rganizatins that respnded fcus their walking and/r walkability-related wrk at the city-wide r municipality-wide level. Current Practices Organizatins and grups thrughut Canada are engaged in a variety f different prmtinal and/r walking related activities. The majrity f respndents (78%) engage with the lcal media as a prmtinal activity. Furthermre, 71% f respndents ffer infrmatinal r educatinal sessins as a prmtinal activity. Accrding t the survey respndents, these prmtinal activities ccur n an ccasinal, annual, r mnthly basis. In terms f walking related activities, the mst cmmnly reprted activity is advcating fr walking infrastructure (82%), fllwed by advcating fr beautificatin f the pedestrian realm (70%), and advcating fr the implementatin f walking supprtive plicies r by-laws (69%). Organizatins als indicated the presence f Master Plans. Active Transprtatin Master Plans are present r are in develpment in 40% f municipalities in which respndents are lcated. This is cmpared t Pedestrian Master Plans being present r in develpment in 33% f municipalities in which respndents are lcated. Current Resurces A significant number f rganizatins indicated access t n funding (29%). Fr thse with funding, surces varied greatly between all levels f gvernment, partnerships, and membership fees. In terms f funds spent n walking, a cnsiderable number f respndents (30%) reprted n spending n walking in 2014, with 22% f rganizatins spending between $0 and $1,000. The median spending was fund t be $1,000. Mst rganizatins were als fund t nt have paid full-time staff (56%). This was, expectedly, mre cmmn f smaller, lcally based grups.

4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Nt surprisingly then, vlunteers were fund t be imprtant resurces, with nn-prfit rganizatins using vlunteers t the greatest extent (average number f vlunteers: 494). The average number f vlunteers fr all rganizatin types was 106. Time allcated t walking-related activities was fund t be varied. Mst rganizatins either devte a relatively small amunt f time (0-20% f time) r large amunt f time (81-100% f time) t walking. Thse wh devted a larger amunt f time t walking were lcally based grups with a walking-specific mandate. Challenges and Recmmendatins Backgrund research n walkability planning in Canada revealed six (6) primary challenges. They are: funding; data; the built envirnment; cllabratin and crdinatin; supprtive/enfrceable plicy; and knwledge. Each challenge has been identified within survey findings. In rder t advance the state f the walking mvement in Canada, it is imperative that these challenges be mitigated. A series f recmmendatins are prvided t address the challenges faced by walking rganizatins. They are: Natinal Cllabratin: A natinal cllabratin f walking rganizatins and grups acrss Canada wuld greatly increase the imprtance f walking and walkability planning. This wuld als prvide the pprtunity fr data and knwledge sharing, as well as allwing smaller grups t have an influence in the walking mvement. Funding: The explratin f funding pprtunities frm senir levels f gvernment, as well as funding allcatin t smaller grups wuld be beneficial. Other pprtunities frm partnerships and prfessinal assciatins wuld als be f benefit. Surveying: Walking needs t be recgnized and emphasized as a mde f transprtatin in transprtatin surveying. Typically, transprtatin surveying fcuses intensely n mtrized vehicles, with limited data n pedestrian travel. Public Awareness: Public knwledge is an imprtant aspect f walkability planning and walking prmtin. Increased public knwledge culd assist in gaining supprt frm partners r gvernmental bdies. Plicies/Plans: The develpment f Active Transprtatin Master Plans is effective in addressing walkability cncerns in a cmmunity. Greater emphasis shuld be placed n the develpment and existence f these plans. Encurage Walking: If the greater public is educated n the many benefits walking prvides, there will be a higher demand and need fr walkability planning. Certain rganizatins such as public health units and prfessinal assciatins are in a unique psitin t encurage the public t walk as a means f imprving persnal health. Further Research: There needs t be further research cnducted surrunding public perceptins tward walking in Canada. This wuld aid in understanding the current culture that exists in relatin t walking, as well as what the public feels is f imprtance when it cmes t the walkability planning prcess.

5 Cntents Backgrund... 1 Intrductin... 1 Purpse... 1 Prject Overview... 1 Scpe... 1 Imprtance f Walking... 2 Abut Canada Walks, Green Cmmunities Canada... 3 Green Cmmunities Canada... 3 Canada Walks... 3 Current Challenges Facing Walking and Walkability Planning in Canada... 3 Methdlgy... 5 Creatin and Organizatin f the Cntact List... 5 Creatin f the Online Survey... 5 Survey Distributin... 6 Respnse Dataset... 6 Respnse Summarizatin... 6 Respndent Overview... 8 Intrductin... 8 Respnder Psitins and Lcatin... 8 Organizatin Types... 9 Areas f Gegraphic Fcus... 9 Reasns fr Supprting Walking/Walkability Current Practices...13 Intrductin Prmtinal Activities Walking Related Activities Pedestrian, Bicycle, & Active Transprtatin Master Plans Plicy/Prject Accmplishments Current Resurces...19 Intrductin Funding Surces N Funding i

6 Natinal Funding Prvincial/Territrial Grants Lcal Grants In-Kind Cntributins Nn-Mnetary In-Kind Cntributins Funding Allcatin Staffing Vlunteers Time Allcatin t Walking/Walkability Challenges & Next Steps...27 Intrductin Challenges Funding Data Built Envirnment Supprtive and/r Enfrceable Plicy Cllabratin and Crdinatin Knwledge Recmmendatins Recmmendatin 1: Frmatin f a Natinal Cllabrative Recmmendatin 2: Explre and Advcate fr Funding Opprtunities Recmmendatin 3: Emphasize Active Transprtatin Surveying Recmmendatin 4: Increase Public Awareness Recmmendatin 5: Emphasize Plicies/Plans Recmmendatin 6: Encurage Walking as Part f a Healthy Lifestyle Recmmendatin 7: Further Research Appendices...39 Appendix A The State f Walking Mvement in Canada Survey Appendix B Survey Respndent List Appendix C Examples f Practices Example 1: Funding Manitba Small Cmmunities Transprtatin Fund (SCTF) Example 2: Data City f Kamlps Needs Assessment Example 3: Cllabratin and Knwledge England Change4Life Campaign ii

7 List f Figures Figure 1: Respndent Lcatins... 8 Figure 2: Organizatin Types... 9 Figure 3: Gegraphic Fcus...10 Figure 4: Reasns fr Supprting Walking/Walkability...10 Figure 5: Respndent Prmtinal Activities...13 Figure 6: Respndents Walking Related Activities...15 Figure 7: Status f Active Transprtatin Master Plans...16 Figure 8: Survey Respndent Funding Surces...19 Figure 9: Survey Respndents with N Funding...20 Figure 10: Amunt Spent n Walking in Figure 11: Average Amunt Spent n Walking in Figure 12: Staffing...23 Figure 13: Average Vlunteers...24 Figure 14: Time Allcatin n Walking/Walkability...25 Figure 15: Assistance Respndents Culd Benefit Frm Mst...28 Figure 16: Respndent Interest in a Natinal Cllabrative...31 Figure 17: City f Kamlps Pedestrian Safety Index Results...51 Figure 18: City f Kamlps Pedestrian Demand Rating Results...51 iii

8 BACKGROUND

9 Backgrund Intrductin Canada Walks f Green Cmmunities Canada (GCC) has partnered with Ryersn University t cnduct imprtant research regarding the state f the walking mvement in Canada. This reprt is a summary f the findings cllected frm a Canada-wide survey f lcal, prvincial, and natinal walking rganizatins, agencies, and municipalities that are wrking n walking related initiatives and planning fr walkability. Findings frm the survey, alng with preliminary research in the frm f a series f challenges facing walkability planning in Canada, are presented. Purpse The primary purpse f the Canada-wide survey is t gain an understanding f what is being dne t plan fr and prmte walking, by whm, and within what capacity. The survey is t prvide Canada Walks and ther agencies, rganizatins, gvernments, and the public with valuable infrmatin regarding current walking practices in Canada, as well as t help stimulate prgress twards a mre walkable future. Prject Overview As utlined, the basis f this survey is t prvide Canada Walks and thers with valuable infrmatin regarding walking and walkability related planning and prmtin. T achieve this, the survey fllws a similar initiative undertaken by America Walks in the United States, whse bjective was t dcument existing rganizatins invlved in the U.S. walking mvement. 1 The results frm the U.S. initiative presented the pprtunity fr a natinal cllabratin n walking initiatives. Plicy and case study analyses were als cnducted t examine walking initiatives within different levels f gvernment, walking rganizatins, and nn-gvernmental rganizatins. This helps prvide a backgrund t infrm recmmendatins. Scpe The scpe f the survey was Canada-wide and included perspectives frm the fllwing types f rganizatins: Lcal and Prvincial Gvernments; Nn-Gvernmental Organizatins; Nn-Prfit and Fr-Prfit Crpratins; Registered Charities; and 1 America Walks (2014). Lcal Walking Advcacy Organizatins in the United States: 2014 Survey Reprt. America Walks. Retrieved frm: Survey.pdf 1

10 Clubs and Assciatins. A cmprehensive survey f a sufficiently large representative grup f rganizatins that advcate fr walking, r are invlved in walkability planning, was cnducted t prvide a thrugh understanding f the state f the walking mvement in Canada. An verview f the survey respndents is prvided in the Respndent Overview chapter. Imprtance f Walking Walking is the mst cmmn and mst accessible frm f transprtatin. Hwever, the pst- Wrld War II era has shifted the fcus f transprtatin planning in Nrth America twards the persnal autmbile. This has created envirnments where driving is the primary, and ften nly effective, means f persnal mbility. An urban landscape f lw-density suburban develpments, high-speed arterial rads, and highway systems, has assisted in the increased reliance n mtrized travel. Cnsequences f this mbility paradigm, which include reduced livability, rad cngestin, and envirnmental degradatin, have becme majr prblems facing sciety tday. This presents an pprtune time t prmte a return t walking as an effective frm f utilitarian and recreatinal transprtatin. The emergence f walking in Canada as a mre functinal and widely utilized frm f travel is still in its infancy, with many municipalities nly recently adding walkability t their land-use planning cnsideratins. As such, there exists large ptential t increase walking rates in Canada. The 2014 RBC-Pembina Hme Lcatin Preference Survey fund that 81% f hmebuyers prefer walkable, transit-friendly neighburhds cmpared with car-dependent lcatins. This research shws that there is a latent demand fr walk friendly cmmunities. 2 Encuraging walking and mre walkable envirnments may prduce the fllwing benefits t Canadian cmmunities: Health; Envirnment; Mbility; Scial well-being; and Safety. With much t gain thrugh prmting walking and walkable cmmunities, effrts shuld cntinue t be made t encurage the mvement s develpment and grwth. 2 Burda, C., & Haines, G. (2012). RBC-Pembina Hme Lcatin Study. Ryal Bank f Canada, The Pembina Fundatin, and the Pembina Institute. Retrieved frm: 2

11 Abut Canada Walks, Green Cmmunities Canada The findings presented within this reprt serve the purpse f assisting Canada Walks and Green Cmmunities Canada (GCC) with their initiatives t advance the walking mvement in Canada. Green Cmmunities Canada GCC is a natinal assciatin f cmmunity rganizatins that help Canadians g green thrugh their gals f imprving the health f cmmunities, cnserving resurces fr future generatins, and reducing pllutin. It was funded in in 1995 and by 1999 had expanded t ther prvinces, becming a natinal player in imprving the health f Canadians. 3 GCC s established mdel f independent cmmunity-based rganizatins, partnerships, and prgrams helps reflect the unique lcal needs and pprtunities within individual cmmunities. This has helped ensure the cntinued success twards achieving its gals and missin f a green and healthy future fr all Canadians. Tday, GCC has mre than tw dzen member rganizatins lcated in cities and twns in every regin f the cuntry, with cmbined annual revenues f $24 millin, 600 emplyees, and mre than 2000 vlunteers. 4 Canada Walks Canada Walks was launched in 2009 as a divisin f GCC that brings tgether a diverse grup f prjects fcused n prmting walking and walkable cmmunities. The idea fr Canada Walks was brn ut f the grwing demand fr knwledge, expertise, and netwrks frm rganizatins and cmmunities acrss Canada. Canada Walks aims t shwcase best practices in walkable cmmunities using inspiring examples frm Canada and arund the wrld. 5 Canada Walks seeks t create cmmunities in which active transprtatin is safe, practical, and inviting. Within this strategic visin, activities are rganized bth at the natinal level, and within. Canada Walks aims t be able t reach ut and engage multi-sectral partners wh share a cmmn gal f creating a culture f walking in Canada. Current Challenges Facing Walking and Walkability Planning in Canada There are a number f challenges assciated with the prcess f planning fr walkable cmmunities in Canada. Based n backgrund case study research, six (6) primary challenges were identified prir t cnducting the survey. Each f the identified challenges has als surfaced within findings frm the Canada-wide survey. They include: 3 Green Cmmunities Canada (2015). Our stry. Retrieved frm: 4 Green Cmmunities Canada (2015). Our missin: A green and healthy future fr all. Retrieved frm: 5 Canada Walks (2015). Abut us. Retrieved frm: 3

12 1. Funding; 2. Data; 3. Built Envirnment; 4. Supprtive and/r enfrceable plicy; 5. Cllabratin and crdinatin; and 6. Knwledge. A brief summary f each challenge and its ptential impact n the planning prcess is utlined belw: Funding If walking infrastructure r cmmunity imprvements are nt secured thrugh prpsed develpment, it becmes the respnsibility f the municipality, r a cmmunity partnership between varius rganizatins and agencies, t fund such infrastructure r imprvements. There are a number f grants and funding ptins available, with grants being prvided frm all levels f gvernment, in additin t funding ptins such as partnerships r membership fees. Hwever, btaining funding fr walking can be a challenge withut significant cmmunity and/r plitical mbilizatin. Furthermre, since many municipal matters ften take pririty ver walking infrastructure, walkability can ftentimes be neglected when it cmes t municipal funding. 6 Data Identifying prevalent trip patterns, as well as trip rigins and destinatins, is an imprtant aspect f planning fr walking imprvements. Unfrtunately, active transprtatin data is ften nt as rbust as mtrized traffic data, 7 which creates a significant challenge in explring and understanding walking needs in Canadian cmmunities. This data challenge als extends t the availability f successful and applicable walkability planning practices that may have ccurred elsewhere in Canada. This infrmatin can be hard t btain r apply acrss jurisdictins. This is due t the fragmented existence f successful practices acrss the cuntry. Built Envirnment The built envirnment cmmn acrss Canada includes relatively sprawled suburban cmmunities. 8 These cmmunities make walking a difficult and disadvantageus mde f travel fr means ther than recreatin when cmpared t the private autmbile. Challenges therefre exist in increasing rates f walking in areas where walking is nt a favured r effective mde f transprtatin. 6 Transprt Canada (2011). Active Transprtatin in Canada: a resurce and planning guide. Transprt Canada, EcPlan Internatinal. Retrieved frm: 7 Litman, Tdd (2015). Evaluating Active Transprt Benefits and Csts: Guide t Valuing Walking and Cycling Imprvements and Encuragement Prgrams. Victria Transprt Plicy Institute. Retrieved frm: 8 Transprt Canada (2011). Active Transprtatin in Canada: a resurce and planning guide. Transprt Canada, EcPlan Internatinal. Retrieved frm: 4

13 Supprtive and/r Enfrceable Plicy The presence f walking supprtive plicies can further emphasize the imprtance f planning fr walking and walkability. Whether these plicies are in the frm f municipal dcuments such as Active Transprtatin Master Plans, Pedestrian Masters Plans, r prvincial/territrial level dcuments, their presence adds the requirement that walking be a key cnsideratin in planning matters. The absence f these plicies creates a challenge in achieving the municipal r prvincial/territrial planning gal f creating a walk friendly cmmunity. Cllabratin and Crdinatin Planning fr walking and walkability is ften initiated at the cmmunity level, where access t funding, knwledge, and expertise may be limited. Cllabrating and crdinating with ther levels f gvernment r agencies and rganizatins that have the needed resurces may make the difference between successfully and unsuccessfully implemented walking initiatives. Active transprtatin planning requires multidisciplinary crdinatin. 9 Knwing where t g, and wh t talk t, can be a challenge facing cmmunities seeking t imprve walkability. Knwledge It is imprtant that the invlved parties are apprpriately knwledgeable when aiming t imprve walkability. This includes the imprtance f walking t maintain a healthy lifestyle, and the prcess t implement a plicy change, r an infrastructure change. This knwledge might be limited and pses a challenge t imprving the state f walking. Methdlgy The primary directive f GCC was t cnduct The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada Survey. This sectin will discuss the methdlgy used t cmplete the survey and present the findings. Creatin and Organizatin f the Cntact List T attain an apprpriate representative sample size, it was necessary t identify a range f rganizatins acrss Canada. This included different levels f gvernments, as well as nnprfit and fr-prfit rganizatins with a diverse gegraphic fcus. Tw waves f cntact lists were created frm research cnducted n well-knwn grups that advcate and plan fr walking. In sme instances, cntact infrmatin was cllected by persnally cntacting rganizatins by phne r . Organizatins were als asked if they culd identify ther similar rganizatins that wuld be apprpriate fr the survey. Creatin f the Online Survey Questins within the survey fcused n infrmatin abut rganizatins (e.g. type, resurces, fcus f activities) and walking/walkability-related interests f rganizatins (e.g. why they are interested, levels f interest in future ptential cllabrative initiatives), as well as what assistance wuld be mst beneficial t rganizatins. Fr ease and accessibility, the survey 9 Public Health Agency f Canada (2014). Mbilizing Knwledge n Active Transprtatin: Prject Briefing and Highlight Sheets. Ottawa: Public Health Agency f Canada. Retrieved frm: 5

14 was upladed t Survey Mnkey, which is an nline survey distributin and cllectin website. This allwed fr efficient implementatin, and the results culd be cmpiled electrnically in ne lcatin. The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada Survey can be viewed in Appendix A The State f Walking Mvement in Canada Survey. Survey Distributin An was drafted and reviewed by Canada Walks befre being frwarded t all ptential participants. The purpse f this was t succinctly describe the prject, including wh it was fr, and the imprtance f the survey respnses. The survey cmmenced n February 9 th, 2015 and ended n February 27 th, The first wave f cntacts was reached n February 9 th, 2015 while the secnd wave was reached n February 12 th, Respnse Dataset Survey respnse data were screened t ensure that nly a single respnse was included fr each rganizatin where multiple respnses were received. Respnses that included the same rganizatin name (survey questin 1) and pstal-cdes (survey questin 3) were manually identified, and multiples were discarded based n psitin senirity f the survey respndent within the rganizatin (survey questin 4). This means the first survey respnse frm a duplicate rganizatin was the respnse included in the analysis. Respnses were cded t facilitate summarizatin and analysis. This invlved assigning numeric values t prvided respnse ptins, as well as assigning numeric values t recurring pen-ended respnses where applicable. In survey questin 2, fr example, ptins fr rganizatin types were assigned values (e.g. Cmmunity-based Advcacy Grup crrespnded with 1, Walking Grup/Club crrespnded with 2, etc.) as well as cmmn Other respnses filtered ut frm the Cmments sectin (e.g. Municipalities crrespnded with 6 and nn-prfit rganizatins crrespnded with 7 ). Respnse Summarizatin Data was then summarized int tables fr each questin, representing the entire dataset. This included abslute numbers f respnses fr each questin ptin in additin t the percentage f ttal respnses each ptin represented. Fr questins with pen-ended numeric respnses, minimums, maximums, and averages were used t summarize the data. Fr survey questins 12 and 13, where varius frequencies were prvided as ptins (ranging frm Daily t Never r Always t Never ), respnses were further summarized int binary respnses ( N crrespnding with Never and Yes crrespnding with all ther respnses). The data were further summarized int tw sets f tables that separated respnses by rganizatinal type (survey questin 2) r gegraphic fcus (survey questin 5) in rder t facilitate identificatin f trends and cmpare data assciated with these rganizatinal identifiers. Nn-numeric, pen-ended questin respnses that culd nt be cded were summarized by cmmn themes. 6

15 RESPONDENT OVERVIEW

16 Respndent Overview Intrductin This chapter will present an verview f wh respnded t The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada Survey. Included is an verview f the types f rganizatins that respnded, the gegraphic scales f fcus, as well as the primary reasns fr being invlved in walking advcacy r planning. A cmplete list f the survey respndents is shwn in Appendix B Survey Respndent List. Respnder Psitins and Lcatin A ttal f 128 cmplete survey respnses were received frm individuals f varius rles within rganizatins. This is brken dwn as fllws: 35% paid staff; 25% executive directrs; 18% ther; 15% vlunteers; and 7% bard members. While nt a cmprehensive list f all rganizatins relating t walking/walkability, the received respnses prvide a sufficiently large representative sample size and gegraphic spread frm nine (9) prvinces and tw (2) territries. The lcatins f the respndents within Canada are displayed in Figure 1. Figure 1: Respndent Lcatins 8

17 Organizatin Types One f the initial survey questins asked respndents t identify the type f rganizatin they represent. This questin aims t identify the varius types f rganizatins, as well as the mre prevalent types f rganizatins that are currently advcating fr and/r planning fr walking and walkability in Canada. Results are displayed in Figure 2. Figure 2: Organizatin Types Mst respndents identified their rganizatin type as a cmmunity-based advcacy grup (23%), hwever a wide range f ther rganizatinal types respnded, including walking grups/clubs (18%), nn-prfit rganizatins (10%) and municipalities (7%). Areas f Gegraphic Fcus The majrity f rganizatinal types identified their gegraphic fcus at the city-wide r municipal-wide level (45%), with the exceptin f prfessinal assciatins that primarily wrked at a prvincial-level (43%). The results are summarized in Figure 3. 9

18 Figure 3: Gegraphic Fcus Reasns fr Supprting Walking/Walkability Survey respndents were asked t identify the tp three reasns as t why they, alng with their respective rganizatin, supprt walking/walkability (survey questin 11). These results are displayed belw in Figure 4. Figure 4: Reasns fr Supprting Walking/Walkability 10

19 A majrity f rganizatins identified imprving the physical and emtinal health f the ppulatin as the primary reasn fr supprting walking/walkability. This was fllwed by imprving access and mbility fr residents. There was minimal variatin acrss rganizatinal types with regard t reasns identified fr supprting and/r advcating fr walking. 11

20 CURRENT PRACTICES

21 Current Practices Intrductin This chapter will present an verview f the types f activities and prmtinal practices respndents are engaged in. Findings are presented regarding plicy, infrastructure, r ther successfully implemented walking-related prjects. Prmtinal Activities Respndents were asked t identify the varius types f prmtinal activities they engage in n an ccasinal, annual, mnthly, weekly, r daily basis (survey questin 12). Results are displayed belw in Figure 5. The activities that culd be selected in survey questin 12 included: Walking Grups r Clubs; Incentives and rewards, such as walker discunts, special recgnitin, t-shirts, and water bttles; Events, such as pen streets, ciclvias, Mayr s Walks, r walking challenges; Prmtinal Campaigns, such as Park the car, it s nt that far ; Infrmatinal and educatinal sessins, meetings r events; Walking prescriptins; Supprt materials, such as pedmeters, walking ples, r apps; Organizing and implementing Safe Rutes t Schl prgrams; Prmte rganizatinal practices, such as walking meetings; and Engage with lcal media, e.g. newspaper articles, radi PSAs, etc. Figure 5: Respndent Prmtinal Activities 13

22 The practiced prmtinal activity mst reprted in the survey was engaging with lcal media. A ttal f 100 survey respndents (78%) engage with lcal media as part f their prmtinal effrts. This is widespread thrughut mst rganizatin types, with six (6) ut f seven (7) rganizatin types identifying engaging with the lcal media as the mst practiced prmtinal activity. Outreach thrugh infrmatinal and educatinal sessins and/r meetings were identified by 91 respndents (71%) as a ppular prmtinal activity. Other prmtinal activities cmmnly practiced by rganizatins included: ther events (such as pen streets, ciclvias, Mayr s Walks, r walking challenges) which represent 86 respndents (67%); and walking grups and/r clubs practiced by 87 respndents (68%). The majrity f respndents indicated practicing the activities n an ccasinal, annual, r mnthly basis. Example f Prmtinal Activity (Public Health Unit/Organizatin): We fcus n cmmunity level initiatives rather than individual level initiatives. We prvide pedmeters thrugh all libraries in Haltn. This has been in place since 2009 and runs itself nw. Example f Prmtinal Activity (Student Walking Club): We run hiking trips every mnth r s, and the hiking exec attends weekly exec meetings and reprts The types f prmtinal activities reprted by the respndents mstly matched with their respective rganizatin s purpse and scpe. Fr example, 87% f walking grups identified walking grups and/r clubs as a practiced activity. Bth prfessinal rganizatins and public health units/rganizatins indicated prviding infrmatinal r educatinal sessins (100% and 92% respectively); hwever, a wide variety f activities are practiced by Canadian rganizatins verall. Walking Related Activities Aside frm prmtinal activities, there are ther activities rganizatins can perfrm t advcate fr r supprt walking and/r walkability. Survey respndents were asked t identify what types f walking related activities in which they engage (survey questin 13). This invlved indicating the frequency the activities are practiced. The fllwing list f activities was prvided in survey questin 13 as ptins: Advcating fr pedestrian infrastructure, such as sidewalks, trails, pathways, safe crsswalks; Advcating fr active transprtatin funding; Advcating fr r implementing plicies and by-laws that supprt walking and walkability; Advcating fr r implementing beautificatin prjects t enhance the walking envirnment; Implementing safety prjects, such as Crime Preventin Thrugh Envirnmental Design (CPTED), traffic calming, speeds reductin initiatives; 14

23 Implementing scial marketing campaigns t prmte walking; Planning r implementing cnnectivity initiatives, such as bridges r alleyways; Planning r implementing trail related prjects; and Advcating fr Cmplete Streets plicies. The results are displayed belw in Figure 6. Figure 6: Respndent s Walking Related Activities Of the walking related activities in the survey, the mst prevalent is advcating fr walking infrastructure additins r imprvements. A ttal f 105 respndents (82%) indicated they engage in advcating fr infrastructure additins r imprvements. This was cmmn acrss mst f the rganizatin types. Other ppular walkability related activities f nte included advcating fr and/r implementing beautificatin prjects t enhance the walking envirnment, with 89 respndents (70%) engaging in this activity. Advcating fr and/r implementing plicies and by-laws that supprt walking and walkability was selected by 88 respndents (69%). Pedestrian, Bicycle, & Active Transprtatin Master Plans An indicatr f what is currently being accmplished in the realm f plicy is t inquire what plicies and/r strategic plans currently exist t guide and encurage increased walking and imprved walkability. These plicies and/r strategic plans can include: Pedestrian Master Plans; 15

24 Bicycle Master Plans; and Active Transprtatin Master Plans. The cntent f these plans can include strategies, guidelines, and/r recmmendatins that directly target travel patterns r infrastructure in a given jurisdictin. These types f Master Plans exist at the municipal level. Respndents were asked t identify which f the three types f Master Plans exist in their lcality (survey questin 6). They were given the ptin t select, individually, whether each f the Master Plans exist, are in develpment, d nt exist, are uncertain if they exist, r are nt applicable. Results can be seen in Figure 7. Figure 7: Status f Active Transprtatin Master Plans Findings indicate that while sme respndents did identify Pedestrian Master Plans either existing r in develpment in their respective lcality, Bicycle Master Plans were mre prevalent. A ttal f 64 respndents (50%) indicated that either a Bicycle Master Plan is in place r in develpment cmpared t 42 respndents (33%) reprting the same fr Pedestrian Master Plans. Plicy/Prject Accmplishments Respndents were asked t cmment n their rganizatin s mst successful plicy/prject accmplishment invlving a fcus n imprving walkability (survey questin 14). Cmments varied, but general themes were identified. These included: Trail prtectin and imprvements; Built envirnment and the cnnectivity f walking paths; 16

25 Advcacy and engagement; and Cllabratin with gvernment fr plicy implementatin. In terms f built envirnment and/r plicy accmplishments, specific accmplishments included implementing Cmplete Street guidelines int lcal Transprtatin Master Plans, and engaging respective municipalities in ensuring new develpments cnnect trails and sidewalks. Organizatins cmmented n their success in participating in Active Transprtatin Master Plans, fcus grups t update Active Transprtatin Master Plans, and getting active transprtatin plicies int their lcal Municipal Plans. Fr advcacy and engagement, many grups indicated the successful implementatin f walking events. These events are suggested as helping t increase walking plicy supprt frm respective municipalities within Active Transprtatin Master Plans. Grups cmmented that their advcacy als targets specific grups, such as cmmuters, senirs, and schl children t encurage and educate them n the benefits f walking thrugh sustainable transprtatin, Nrdic ple walking, and schl walking buddies. Example f Successful Plicy/Prject Accmplishment (Walking Grup/Club): Getting the municipality n bard t change their plicy n sub-divisin develpment t ensure trail systems cnnect sidewalks. Having the municipality realize the imprtance f having trail/sidewalks that have cnnectivity thrughut the cmmunity. Example f Successful Plicy/Prject Accmplishment (Public Health Unit/Organizatin): The cmmunity develping a Cmplete Streets plicy and guidelines; incrpratin f active transprtatin items within a cmmunity's Official Cmmunity Plan (plicy bjectives, etc.) Additinally, 14% f respndents did nt answer r cmmented that they have n plicy/prject accmplishments. Fr thse wh respnded this way, they reprted that their rganizatins are newly established and have nt had time t rganize themselves t cmplete any plicy/prject cntributins t imprve walkability. Others nted that they d nt engage in plicy wrk r are nt allwed t. Finally, sme grups indicated that they have nt cmpleted any plicy/prject accmplishments r were unsure if their rganizatin has any ntable plicy/prject accmplishments. Reasns prvided included: their rganizatin is lsely based; has recently frmed; r is nt directed twards walking and walkability. 17

26 CURRENT RESOURCES

27 Current Resurces Intrductin While understanding the practices f varius agencies, rganizatins, and grups acrss Canada is imprtant in evaluating the state f the walking mvement, equally imprtant is understanding what resurces exist. Resurces can be in the frm f funding, time, as well as staffing and vlunteers. The availability f adequate resurces will allw thse invlved in walking related advcacy and/r planning t sufficiently deliver the previusly identified activities as effectively as pssible. This chapter summarises findings frm The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada Survey regarding funding, staffing, and time allcatin. Funding Surces Survey respndents were asked t cmment n surces f funding, and were nt limited in what surces culd be indicated (survey questin 8a). The findings presented in Figure 8, prvide a sense f available funding, where mnetary supprt fr walking initiatives riginates, and fr what specific purpse mney is being allcated. N Funding Figure 8: Survey Respndent Funding Surces A ttal f 37 respndents reprted having n funding t run their prgramming. This includes 39% f walking grups, 30% f cmmunity advcacy grups, and 38% f nn-prfit rganizatins. This is an imprtant finding since sme rganizatins lack funding surces, thus 19

28 rely n alternative means fr prmting walking prgrams and initiatives. The respndent rganizatins that indicated they have n access t funding are shwn in Figure 9. Figure 9: Survey Respndents with N Funding Natinal Funding Funding frm natinal surces was indicated as being either federally supprted r rganized by natin-wide rganizatins t imprve walking acrss Canada. A ttal f 13 natinal funding surces were referenced, with the majrity f these funds granted fr health prmtin r new walking infrastructure. Funding surces include the Federal Gas Tax Fund (GTF), Healthy Canada by Design Grant (CLASP), and the Federatin f Canadian Municipalities (FCM) Municipal Green Fund. Prvincial/Territrial Grants The majrity f respndents with funding (37) made reference t prvincial/territrial funding. The majrity f these funds were granted fr cmmunity health and wellbeing, r fr walkability and active transprtatin imprvements thrughut their respective prvince/territry. Identified surces include Alberta Chsewell Seed Grant, Alberta Ever Active, Alberta Turism Park Grant, Active Living Grant, Healthy Cmmunities Fund, Trillium Funds, Manitba Small Cmmunities Active Transprt Grant, Nva Sctia Mve Grant, Healthy Cmmunities Partnership Fund, Alberta Municipal Sustainability Initiative, and Nrth West Territry Sprt and Recreatin Cuncil Fund. Lcal Grants Funding frm lcal initiatives was indicated as being either municipal r crprate. Additinally, sme respndents indicated cmmunity supprt as a funding surce. A ttal f 14 lcal funding surces were referenced, including: business imprvement areas (BIAs); municipalities; municipal pht radar reserve funds; casins; and cmmunity wellness calitins. 20

29 In-Kind Cntributins In rder t better understand what kinds f nn-tangible supprt rganizatins are receiving, respndents were asked abut in-kind supprt (survey questin 8c). A ttal f 78 respndents either did nt answer the questin r indicated n in-kind supprt. Eight (8) respndents indicated receiving mnetary in-kind cntributins. These cntributins ranged frm annual dnatins, estate bequests, private fundatins, cntributins frm lcal businesses, BIAs, and casin cntributins. Nn-Mnetary In-Kind Cntributins Nn-mnetary cntributin respnses accunted fr 40 rganizatins. These respndents described cntributins fr which there was n transfer f currency between agencies and cntributrs (survey questin 8c). These cntributins included: free use f schls; building r rental space; utility csts; vlunteered time and labur; advertising; creative expertise fr lg creatin; graphic design wrk,; printing csts; event prize incentives; and bks; and maps. Example f Nn-Mnetary In-Kind Cntributin (Walking Grup/Club): We have n grants, hwever the lcal High Schl has waived rental fees fr this prgram. The prgram is free fr all participants Funding Allcatin Respndents were als asked t estimate the amunt f funds they directly allcated tward walking related initiatives in 2014 (survey questin 8b). Figure 10 shws the amunt spent n walking in 2014 by the number f respndents, while the average amunt spent by the varius rganizatin types is presented in Figure 11. Figure 10: Amunt Spent n Walking in

30 A majrity f respndents (66, r 52%) indicated that they spent less than $1,000 n walking related prjects in A ttal f 39 respndents (30%) answered n funding was spent directly n walking in The next mst-reprted funding allcatin categry was spending in the range f $1,001 t $10,000, with a ttal f 28 respndents (22%) indicating this level f spending. A ttal f 34 respndents (27%) indicated spending abve $10,000 n walking related prgramming in Figure 11: Average Amunt Spent n Walking in 2014 The average amunt spent n walking in 2014 by all rganizatin types was $61,871 (Figure 11). Hwever, this is inflated by utlier grups that spent larger amunts n walking than the identified average. Median spending was fund t be $1,000. The rganizatin types with the highest average f funds spent n walking initiatives were prfessinal assciatins and municipalities. Public health units/rganizatins, walking grups/clubs, cmmunity-based advcacy grups, and nn-prfit rganizatins had the lwest average f funding allwance. As expected, larger grups with larger areas f fcus and mre access t funding were fund t spend mre n walking related prgramming in Staffing T understand hw varius rganizatins structure their staffing, respndents were asked t indicate whether r nt their rganizatin r grup has bth paid full-time and/r part-time staff. Respndents were als asked t estimate the number f paid staff members within their 22

31 rganizatin (survey questin 7). Results regarding staffing in terms f paid full-time and paid part-time staff are displayed in Figure 12. Figure 12: Staffing The majrity (56%) f respndents indicated that their rganizatin r grup des nt have paid full-time staff in their emply. Cmmunity-based advcacy grups, walking clubs, and advisry cmmittees f municipal cuncils cmprised the majrity. Prfessinal assciatins, public health rganizatins, and municipalities have full-time paid staff in the majrity f their respective peratins. These rganizatins als reprted receiving high amunts f funding, which perhaps allws fr the supprt f full-time emplyees.. Cmmunity-based advcacy grups, walking clubs, and advisry cmmittees f municipal cuncils had the lwest part-time emplyment levels reprted. Surprisingly, there were a high prprtin f Nt-Applicable respnses fr part-time staff f prfessinal assciatins, public health rganizatins, and municipalities. Nn-prfit rganizatin respndents indicated that rughly half f their emplyees are in part-time service, with the majrity f the remaining staff representing nn-paid staff. Vlunteers Aside frm paid staff, seeking assistance frm vlunteers is an ptin available t many rganizatins and grups that advcate and/r plan fr walking and walkability. This prvides grups the pprtunity t increase staffing resurces when adequate funding is nt available. Survey respndents were asked t estimate the number f vlunteers their rganizatin has, in additin t the skills and knwledge vlunteers prvide (survey questins 9a, 9b, and 9c). 23

32 Figure 13: Average Vlunteers Respnses frm the survey (Figure 13) highlight the imprtant rle vlunteers play in the prmtin and advancement f walking initiatives. Vlunteers are a valuable resurce with a majrity (78%) f rganizatins utilizing their cntributins. This included event crdinatin, fundraising, and cmmunity engagement. Utilizing vlunteers ultimately allws rganizatins facing funding cnstraints t extend their impact n walking initiatives and prgrams beynd what wuld have therwise been pssible. Example f Vlunteer Activities (Cmmunity-based Advcacy Grup): Organizing walking n their trails, with maybe sme incrprated activities while walking. Example f Vlunteer Activities (Fitness Leader Certifier): They serve as champins in the cmmunity by being active and walking, prmting ur walking certificatin - active living facilitatrs. Example f Vlunteer Skills (Trail Assciatin): A great depth f knwledge and experience: prject management, lawyers, accuntants, marketing, cmmunicatin, finance, fundraising, engineering, prfessrs, GIS, etc. The average number f vlunteers fr all respndents was 106, which was abve the average numbers f paid staff in these rganizatins. It is evident that nn-prfit rganizatins utilize vlunteers t the largest extent. The average number f vlunteers utilized by nn-prfit rganizatins is 494. Other rganizatins, such as cmmunity-based advcacy grups and walking clubs/grups, appear t rely heavily n vlunteers as well. Hwever, smaller rganizatins r grups likely cannt effectively recruit r utilize vlunteers t the same extent as larger rganizatins; fr example, the Heart & Strke Fundatin indicated the use f 6000 vlunteers. Other rganizatins such as municipalities and public health units, as mentined 24

33 previusly, have cmparably higher budgets, and can accmmdate a larger prprtin f paid staff. Time Allcatin t Walking/Walkability In additin t staffing, respndents als prvided infrmatin abut the time spent n walking related initiatives in cmparisn t cycling related prgramming (survey questin 10). Cmmn time allcatin tward walking initiatives fr all rganizatin types fell n bth ends f the spectrum, with 54 respndents (42%) selecting 0-20% f time allcated tward walking, and 40 respndents (31%) selecting % f time allcatin tward walking. Additinally, 7 respndents (5%) selected Nt-Applicable. This suggests these rganizatins are nt in a psitin t directly allcate time t walking initiatives r walkability planning. Figure 14: Time Allcatin n Walking/Walkability Figure 14 prvides a greater understanding f time allcatin tward walking related prgramming by varius rganizatins in Canada. Walking grups/clubs and cmmunity-based advcacy grups have a mre walking-specific mandate, thus a majrity f their wrk includes the advancement f walking prgrams and initiatives. Walking grups are funded n a walkingspecific mandate, and while cmmunity-based advcacy grups can cver a wide spectrum f tpics, thse respnding t the survey, nt unexpectedly, had a fcus n walking. Nn-prfit rganizatins, municipal gvernments, prfessinal assciatins, public health units, and advisry cmmittees f municipal cuncil have brader mandates, and perhaps as a result, nly devte a prtin f time t walking initiatives and prgrams. 25

34 CHALLENGES & NEXT STEPS

35 Challenges & Next Steps Intrductin With the knwledge gained frm The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada Survey, it becmes bvius that there are a number f next steps that can be taken t cntinue advancing the state f the walking mvement. This chapter will begin by discussing the six (6) identified challenges facing walking and/r walkability planning in Canada in relatin t findings frm survey respndents. Subsequently, a series f next steps and recmmendatins will be ffered t assist thse invlved in the walking advcacy and planning prcess in vercming the identified challenges. Challenges As previusly utlined, there are six (6) primary challenges that face planning and advcating fr walkability in Canada. They are as fllws: 1. Funding; 2. Data; 3. Built Envirnment; 4. Supprtive and/r enfrceable plicy; 5. Cllabratin and crdinatin; and 6. Knwledge. Each challenge will be discussed in relatin t findings frm The State f the Walking Mvement in Canada Survey. Respndents were asked t select the tp three areas f assistance in which their respective rganizatin wuld benefit frm mst (survey questin 16). Findings are summarized in Figure

36 Figure 15: Assistance Respndents Culd Benefit Frm Mst Funding When asked abut areas f assistance a respndent s rganizatin culd benefit frm mst, 61 respndents (48%) selected grants r funding fr small lcal prjects. Additinally, 59 respndents (46%) selected infrmatin abut funding pprtunities. This results in a ttal f 120 surveyed rganizatins (94%) indicating funding as ne f their tp three areas f assistance in which they culd benefit frm mst. This suggests that funding is a challenge facing numerus walking rganizatins and/r grups in Canada. Referring t funding-related questins, a significant number f respndents indicated that they have n available surces f funding. As shwn in Figure 9, 37 respndents (29%) stated they have n available surces f funding related t walkability. Furthermre, a majrity f respndents (52%) als indicated spending n walking in 2014 in the range f $0 t $1000, with 39 respndents (30%) indicating n funds directly spent n walking in 2014 (Figure 10). Funding is therefre a significant challenge facing walking advcacy and planning in Canada. Data There are tw primary challenges invlving the presence f data in walkability planning. The first invlves transprtatin data, including trip patterns such as trip rigins and destinatins, while the secnd invlves data f successful practices and prjects acrss jurisdictins. Assistance with perfrming walkability audits was selected by 13 rganizatins (4%) as ne f the tp three areas f assistance they culd benefit mst frm (Figure 15). A further 37 respndents (29%) selected examples f successful campaigns in ther cmmunities as ne f the tp three areas in which they culd mst benefit. Finally, an additinal 26 respndents (20%) selected 28

37 cnnectins t cmmunities with successful prjects t share. This results in a ttal f 53% f rganizatins identifying data-related assistance as an area frm which they mst culd benefit. Built Envirnment Example f Data Related Challenged (Cmmunity-based Advcacy Grup): It is als a bit hard t find gd examples f prjects frm ther cmmunities, since there aren't a lt f walking rganizatins. It is imprtant when cnsidering new develpment that infrastructure is supprtive f walking. A number f survey respndents indicated that their rganizatin has a strng fcus f their respective rganizatins n the built envirnment and walking infrastructure. When asked what has been the mst successful plicy r prject accmplishment f a respndent s rganizatin, 24 respndents (19%) stated a prject r plicy initiative that lead t the implementatin r supprt fr built envirnment imprvements. Als, 120 respndents (82%) indicated that advcating fr infrastructure imprvements is a walking related activity that they practice (Figure 6). While many grups acrss the cuntry have a strng fcus n the built envirnment, it cntinues t be a challenge. Supprtive and/r Enfrceable Plicy When survey respndents were asked what areas f assistance their rganizatin culd benefit frm mst, a ttal f 7 respndents (2%) selected assistance in priritizing plicy initiatives. An additinal 11 respndents (3%) selected assistance with prpsal develpment as ne f the tp three reasns their rganizatin culd benefit frm mst. Other questins within the survey indicate the imprtance f plicy in walkability advcacy and/r planning. A ttal f 88 respndents (69%) selected that their rganizatin advcates fr r implements walking supprtive plicies/by-laws. A ttal f 35% f survey respndents selected that their rganizatin des this n an ften, r always, basis (Figure 6). Therefre, plicy is an imprtant cnsideratin which many grups acrss Canada already address. In terms f Master Plans, which are imprtant dcuments fr the implementatin f walkability planning, 33% f respndents indicated that the municipality in which their rganizatin is based has, r is in the prcess f develping, a Pedestrian Master Plan. Furthermre, 40% indicated that the municipality in which their rganizatin is based has, r is in the prcess f develping, an Active Transprtatin Master Plan. Cllabratin and Crdinatin A number f respndents indicated that their rganizatin culd benefit frm increased levels f cllabratin as well as crdinatin. This was demnstrated mstly frm cmments 29

38 Example f Cllabratin/Crdinatin Challenge (Walking Prgram): Making it easier t crdinate the prgram with City Hall requirements in a timely fashin. prvided in additin t structured survey respnses. Cmments indicated a desire fr easier cllabratin and/r crdinatin in a number f ways. Mst cmments were fund t indicate a desire fr easier cllabratin with a municipality frm the perspective f a cmmunity-based advcacy grup, r ther lcally fcused grups. Hwever, ne municipality did indicate a desire t cnnect with walking grups in the cmmunity. Other cmments included gaining prvincial/territrial plitical supprt r cllabratin. Knwledge A number f pssible areas f assistance related t knwledge were available fr respndents t chse frm (Figure 15). These included: assistance with rganizing cmmunity supprt, which 32 respndents (25%) selected; advcacy training, which 11 respndents (9%) selected; tls t increase public awareness, which 57 respndents (45%) selected; and individual cnsultatin n develping walking campaigns, which was selected by 11 respndents (9%). Cmbined, 111 respndents (87%) selected an area f assistance related t knwledge as ne f the tp three areas f ptential assistance that culd benefit their rganizatin. Example f the Challenge f Knwledge Related t Public Awareness (Cmmunity-based Advcacy Grup): Mre media campaigns utlining the benefits f walking especially their impact n yur future quality f life. Baycrest has started a campaign n brain fitness, this needs t be ut there mre s that everyne understands what chices they are making tday that will impact wh they are in later years. 30

39 Recmmendatins In respnse t the identified challenges, a series f recmmendatins are made t advance the state f the walking mvement in Canada. Recmmendatin 1: Frmatin f a Natinal Cllabrative Survey respndents were asked t indicate interest in a natinal cllabrative, and t cmment n the value such a cllabrative culd prvide (survey questin 17). With 67% f respndents highlighting an interest in a natinal cllabrative (Figure 16) there is a very real interest in the creatin f a natinal cllabratin f all rganizatins and grups that advcate and prmte walking and/r plan fr walkability t advance the walking mvement in Canada. Figure 16: Respndent Interest in a Natinal Cllabrative A natinal cllabrative wuld be the cllabratin f all rganizatins and grups in Canada that advcate and prmte walking and/r plan fr walkability. This wuld invlve the sharing f ideas and cncerns, practices as well as examples f practices, data, funding surces, and knwledge. A ptential frm f a natinal cllabrative culd be an nline discussin frum, with a series f webinars and/r virtual meetings. This wuld address cncerns ver needing t sacrifice time and/r funds t meet relatively cnstantly. A natinal cllabrative culd als invlve a natinal walking summit, ptentially ccurring n an annual r semi-annual basis. This wuld present the pprtunity fr in-persn discussins and presentatins invlving directives f the natinal cllabrative. Mst imprtantly, a natinal cllabrative wuld emphasize and add a greater sense f imprtance t walking and walkability in Canada. It wuld allw smaller cmmunity-based grups t be invlved in the prcess and share their lcal knwledge, while larger prfessinal assciatins and public health units culd cntribute thrugh their ability t gain larger plitical supprt, access a greater number f resurces, and prmte walking and walkability t the 31

40 greater public. A natinal cllabrative culd als address the previusly identified challenges, the fllwing ways as utlined belw. Cllabratin Cllabratin has a direct impact in advancing the state f the walking mvement in Canada. Wrking synergistically will prvide an avenue fr the advancement f mre effective initiatives thrugh a pling f resurces. The benefits include: giving smaller rganizatins mre credibility thrugh a natinal strategy; sharing successful and unsuccessful initiatives with ther rganizatins; and building a natinal netwrk f walking rganizatins t mre effectively prmte the benefits f walking and walkable cmmunities. Example f Benefits frm a Natinal Cllabrative (Municipality): My perceptin is there are pckets f really gd wrk ging n acrss the cuntry. We knw we aren't well cnnected t what is ging n in ur wn prvince. A frmal cllabrative wuld be useful t cnnect and infrm the different grups wrking n enhancing walking. Example f Benefits frm a Natinal Cllabrative (Nn-Prfit Organizatin): It wuld give a sense f a larger rganized mvement that wuld give weight t lcal-level effrts if lcal grups were members. Example f Benefits frm a Natinal Cllabrative (Cmmunity-based Advcacy Grup): Walking needs t be recgnized as a legitimate frm f transprtatin, and I think a natinal cllabrative culd help with that. Knwledge and Data This theme is interrelated with the theme f cllabratin, since augmenting knwledge and data will be crrelated with enhanced cllabratin. Over 22% f thse surveyed mentined furthering their knwledge and data as a primary reasn f interest in a natinal cllabrative. Creating a mre effective and efficient flw f infrmatin between walking rganizatins in Canada can advance the state f walking, and will als allw fr a much larger pl f accessible data. The benefits mentined by survey respndents regarding enhancing the transfer f knwledge and data included: additinal awareness fr the benefits and implementatin f walking initiatives; access t larger pls f data; and t encurage and maintain the energy twards creating a healthier walkable envirnment. Example f Knwledge and Data Benefits frm a Natinal Cllabrative (Municipality): Any infrmatin is gd infrmatin! We wuld be appreciative t receive ideas n hw successful cmmunities implement their strategies and prgrams - and what makes them successful. Example f Knwledge and Data Benefit frm a Natin Cllabrative (Nn-Prfit Organizatin): It wuld be infrmatin t take t cmmunity stakehlders as evidence fr the need f such activities prmted here. I find rural Alberta less active as the urban centres. 32

41 Funding A natinal walking cllabrative wuld benefit certain rganizatinal initiatives thrugh increased access t funding. Organizatins that rely n funding wuld be able t make their funding needs apparent t a wider audience, which may increase their ability t access and/r raise funds. In additin, having access t additinal knwledge and data will create a mre extensive resurce library t aid rganizatins in justifying and reinfrcing their initiatives that require funding. Example f Funding Benefits frm a Natinal Cllabrative (Municipality): A cllabrative culd raise the prfile f the benefits f walking at the plitical level. This is extremely imprtant fr federal and prvincial levels t help fund walking initiatives/prjects as a means t manage health csts. Built Envirnment Ptential benefits listed by respndents when asked the value f a natinal cllabrative in relatin t the built envirnment included the imprtance f credibility in mving city planners and pliticians twards adpting walkability infrastructure prjects. The frmatin f a natinal walking cllabrative culd allw rganizatins t use an evidencebased apprach t further planning, plicy, and advcacy wrk as it pertains t enhancing the built envirnment. This culd invlve evidence demnstrating the crrelatin between the built envirnment and persnal health, as well as evidence frm successful practices demnstrating an increase in walking as a result f changes and/r additins t the built envirnment. Supprtive and/r Enfrceable Plicies A natinal walking cllabrative can further prmte and supprt plicies surrunding the feasibility and adptin f walkability. As mentined in the survey respnses, a natinal cllabrative can prvide supprt fr healthy cities plicies as well as natinal supprt fr further plicy initiatives. The plicy, planning, and advcacy benefits that can be taken frm a natinal strategy will be valuable in supprting plicies that relate t the walking mvement in Canada. Example f Plicy Benefit frm a Natinal Cllabrative (Prfessinal Assciatin): T help us infrm ur Healthy Cmmunities plicies and empwer ur members t cnsider walkability best practices within their practice. Recmmendatin 2: Explre and Advcate fr Funding Opprtunities Funding is a primary cncern fr almst all survey respndents, representing a significant barrier t prgress n advancing the state f the walking mvement in Canada. This is especially evident in rural and suburban areas where active transprtatin planning is ften cnsidered a luxury. 10 Furthermre, smaller municipal gvernments, r thse lcated in rural areas, may lack the ability t prvide and priritize the necessary funds t supprt walking 10 Transprt Canada (2011). Active Transprtatin in Canada: a resurce and planning guide. Transprt Canada, EcPlan Internatinal. Retrieved frm: 33

42 related prgrams and initiatives. Therefre, in rder t secure the additinal funding needed, it is pertinent t explre and advcate fr funding frm ther surces. One such surce f funding wuld be at the prvincial/territrial level. With the prvincial/territrial mandate fr grants including issues f health and transprtatin, there is an pprtunity t expand the existing funding fr active transprtatin. Securing prvincial/territrial grants wuld ensure that walking initiatives are advanced withut putting undue pressure n individual municipalities r rganizatins. An example f a prvincial/territrial grant prgram is the Manitba Small Cmmunities Transprtatin Fund (SCTF), which is discussed in Appendix C Examples f Practices. This prgram invlves direct funding, and is targeted tward smaller municipalities that d nt have the means t fund active transprtatin initiatives. It is recmmended that prvincial/territrial grants be advcated fr by walking rganizatins acrss Canada. Municipalities must ften rely n mnetary supprt frm senir levels f gvernment (prvincial/territrial, federal). This puts the prvince/territry in a better psitin t fund walking plans and prgrams. This wuld als create a mre even distributin f funding between ppulated urban centres and rural areas that have a lwer tax base. All rganizatins can play a rle in advcating fr additinal funding pprtunities. Creating a sense f awareness and demand fr walking prjects and initiatives is imprtant in gaining plitical supprt, particularly frm senir levels f gvernment. Anther avenue t explre regarding increasing funding pprtunities wuld be t allw fr a tp-dwn allcatin f funding t smaller, lcally based grups such as cmmunity-based advcacy grups, walking grups/clubs, and nn-prfit rganizatins. These grups were fund t have the lwest funding allcatin tward walking in 2014, while als having the fewest funding surces. Hwever, the wrk they prvide is valuable in reaching the cmmunity and increasing awareness. It is recmmended as part f municipal prgrams r plans, such as Active Transprtatin Master Plans, that funding strategies r prgrams be established t allcate funding t small cmmunity-based grups. These grups wuld nt require a large amunt f funding t achieve their gals, and are vital resurces in the walkability planning prcess. Recmmendatin 3: Emphasize Active Transprtatin Surveying The implementatin f effective walking infrastructure relies n an understanding f what types are apprpriate fr the respective prject. An imprtant first step in cmpleting walking prjects is t understand where the demand exists fr walking, and what cnnectins, trails, pathways, r radways are mst in need f imprvement. T ensure the effectiveness f such initiatives, it will require up-t-date and accurate data n travel behaviur and existing infrastructure. Unfrtunately, mst existing data fcuses n mtrized travel. Furthermre, transprtatin surveys rarely cnsider the imprtance f mde cnnectivity between walking and mtrized frms f travel, ver inflating the number f exclusive mtrized vehicle trips. It is recmmended that thse invlved in transprtatin data cllectin, r thse wh are able t perfrm transprtatin surveys, increase the fcus n walking. Municipalities will likely be 34

43 invlved in cnducting r retaining utside rganizatins t cnduct transprtatin surveys. This shuld include surveying methds that adequately capture walking as a mde f transprtatin. Furthermre, municipalities can encurage transprtatin impact studies cmpleted fr develpment prpsals t be mre inclusive f active transprtatin. One municipality that has practiced active transprtatin data cllectin is the City f Kamlps with the implementatin f their Needs Assessment. An verview f this data cllectin tl can be viewed in Appendix C Examples f Practices. The City f Kamlps devised a series f measurement tls t understand pedestrian safety, as well as trip demand thrughut the municipality. Recmmendatin 4: Increase Public Awareness Successful advancement f walking initiatives in Canada relies n btaining public and rganizatinal supprt. Since municipalities must first ntice a demand, r have a cncern regarding walkability in a cmmunity, the cmmunity must be aware and mbilized fr meaningful actin t be undertaken. Cherent ratinales fr plicies and prgrams, and utilizing apprpriate cmmunicatin mediums, will assist in raising the prfile fr walking. Tls t enhance public awareness can include cmmunity fundraisers, lcal media cnnectins, and partnerships with ther rganizatins r grups. These tls encmpass a variety f avenues that can be utilized n an individual basis t best drive public interest n advancing the state f walkability in Canada. Increasing public awareness thrugh the lcal media is utilized by 78% f survey respndents (Figure 5). Increasing crrespndence with the lcal media wuld be a cst-effective manner f infrming the public abut current and future walking related initiatives. Advertisements require funding, and given the cst barrier, wuld be difficult t implement. Therefre, t increase public awareness, rganizatins can create newswrthy initiatives t benefit frm free news cverage, r partner with gvernments r private crpratins with budgets better able t handle the csts assciated with advertisements. Of the rganizatin types that respnded prfessinal assciatins and public health units/rganizatins are in a mre persuasive psitin t raise awareness surrunding the imprtance f walking. Since a lack f physical activity is ften crrelated with chrnic illness, an imprtant avenue in raising public awareness wuld be t cntinue using media, campaigns, and general health advice pstings that emphasize the need t walk mre. Recmmendatin 5: Emphasize Plicies/Plans The presence f higher-level plicies, recgnizing walking as bth a transprtatin alternative and as part f a healthy and active lifestyle within a given jurisdictin, is an effective and imprtant means f achieving walkability imprvements. In research regarding Cmplete Streets prjects, ne f the tp three factrs identified by planners and ther prfessinals in implementing Cmplete Streets prgrams is the presence f supprtive, higher-rder plicy 35

44 dcuments. 11 Hwever, as indicated by survey respndents, Active Transprtatin Master Plans as well as Pedestrian Master Plans are nt as prevalent as wuld be hped fr. The creatin f plicies and plans fr a given jurisdictin wuld ultimately be perfrmed by a municipality. Hwever, cmmunity grups, health units, and prfessinal assciatins can all encurage the develpment f these plans thrugh raising awareness surrunding the needs fr higher-level plicies and plans. These grups can be invlved in the plicy and/r plan develpment prcess by ffering feedback n cmmunity needs, as well as strategies. Organizatins with access t additinal resurces can als partner with a municipality t assist in plicy/plan cmpletin. Cmmunity mbilizatin is critical in rder t highlight the need fr higher-level plicies and/r plans. Fr this reasn, the cmmunity-based grups, as well as public health units can play a large rle in the prcess. Recmmendatin 6: Encurage Walking as Part f a Healthy Lifestyle Walking prvides many health benefits which can be encuraged by the public health sectr. Ensuring the public is healthy with lw rates f chrnic diseases such as diabetes, depressin, cardivascular disease, and besity, means less stress is placed n public health care while the greater ppulatin experiences the benefits f a healthier lifestyle. Since walking is nt always an equally viable transprtatin ptin t the private autmbile, it is imperative that walking is encuraged as a wrthwhile activity that is part f a healthy and active lifestyle. Indeed, the mst ppular reasn fr supprting walking amng survey respndents is t imprve the physical and emtinal health f the ppulatin (Figure 4). Effrts invlving walking advcacy and walkability planning, shuld cmmunicate the benefits frm an increase in walking fr the individual. Innvative partnerships between nn-prfit rganizatins and public r private agencies, may further the imprtance f walking as a healthy activity. A successful example f encuraging walking as part f healthy lifestyle is the Change4Life campaign that tk place in England (discussed further in Appendix C Examples f Practices). This invlved the creatin f a Walk4Life tlkit that helped families walk mre fr bth leisure and cmmuting. 12 This has the ptential t be replicated in Canada thrugh public health units/rganizatins and prvincial/territrial gvernments. These bdies can reach the general public thrugh the creatin f marketing campaigns fcusing n the health benefits f walking. Recmmendatin 7: Further Research This research has targeted the rle f rganizatins that advcate fr walking and/r plan fr walkability in Canada. Furthermre, this research has been perfrmed t identify what 11 Clean Air Partnership (2013). Cmplete Streets Gap Analysis: Opprtunities and Barriers in. Trnt: Clean Air Partnership, Trnt Centre fr Active Transprtatin. 12 England Department fr Transprt & Department fr Health (2010). Active Travel Strategy. Department fr Transprt. Retrieved frm: 36

45 rganizatins invlved in the prcess are ding t further the state f the walking mvement in Canada, and hw they can be assisted in achieving their gals. Hwever, an imprtant aspect that remains unexplred in this study is public perceptins tward a walking mvement in Canada. This infrmatin wuld be valuable in establishing a cnnectin between public pinins and the practices f walking rganizatins thrughut the cuntry. Husehld-level research wuld be highly valuable t this discussin. This research culd aim t gain perspectives frm the public regarding the current culture surrunding walking in Canada. In ther wrds, whether r nt walking is viewed as wrthwhile recreatinal and functinal mde f travel, as well as why. This research culd als prvide a sense f cmmn travel patterns as well as recreatinal patterns and chices invlving walking. This infrmatin wuld augment the infrmatin prvided here and present a mre cherent directin fr future prgress. 37

46 APPENDICES

47 Appendices Appendix A The State f Walking Mvement in Canada Survey Intrductin We need yur help. The purpse f this survey is t begin t capture what rganizatins are ding t prmte and supprt walking and walkability acrss the cuntry. We are interested in learning abut prgrams and activities as well as ther initiatives that make walking safe, rutine and enjyable. Thank yu fr participating in this imprtant research t better understand the walking mvement in Canada. Questin 1 Please prvide the name f yur rganizatin r grup. If yu are nt part f a frmal rganizatin, we still want t hear frm yu. Please cmplete as much infrmatin as yu can and use the cmments areas t help us understand yur wrk. Thank yu. Name: Questin 2 Please indicate the type f rganizatin/grup yu are: Cmmunity-based Advcacy Grup Advisry Cmmittee f Municipal Cuncil Walking Grup/Club Public Health Prfessinal Assciatin Other Cmments: Questin 3 Please prvide the pstal cde where yur rganizatin/grup is lcated. Pstal Cde: Questin 4 What is yur primary rle in this rganizatin? Executive Directr r President Paid staff Bard Member Vlunteer Other Cmments: 39

48 Questin 5 Please select the primary gegraphic fcus f yur rganizatin s wrk n walking/walkability: Single Neighbrhd City-wide r Municipality-wide Cunty-wide Reginal Prvincial Natinal Other Cmments: Questin 6 6. Master plans have been shwn t increase the develpment f walk friendly cmmunities. Are yu aware f any f the fllwing plans in yur cmmunity? Master Plan Type Yes In Develpment Uncertain N/A Pedestrian Master Plan Bicycle Master Plan Active Transprtatin Master Plan Cmments: Questin 7 Hw many paid staff des yur rganizatin/grup currently emply that are wrking n walking/walkability? Put zer (0) if yu d nt have paid staff. Full-time: Part-time: Other: Cmments: Questin 8 We d like t get a sense f the financial resurces being used t supprt walking and walkability in Canada. a) Briefly describe the grants and ther types f funding surces that yu access t d yur walkability wrk. 40

49 Grants/Funding Surces: b) Estimate the amunt f funds that yur rganizatin/grup spent in 2014 t supprt walking and walkability. Funds Spent in 2014: c) Estimate the amunt f in-kind supprt yur rganizatin received in 2014 t further yur walkability wrk. Please describe the type f in-kind supprt yu received. In-kind Supprt Received: d) Are yu a member-based rganizatin? Yes N If yes, hw many dues paying members did yur rganizatin/grup have in 2014? If yu did nt have paid members, please put zer (0). Dues Paying Members: Questin 9 We d like t get a sense f the vlunteer cntributin t increase walking rates and imprve cmmunity walkability. a) Hw many peple vlunteered fr yur rganizatin/grup in 2014? If nne, please put zer (0). Vlunteers: b) What types f activities were vlunteers engaged in? Please describe. Vlunteer Activities: c) Briefly describe the skills and experience that yur vlunteers bring t yur walkability wrk. Vlunteer Skills: Questin 10 Many rganizatins wrk n bth walking and cycling. Apprximately what percentage f yur rganizatin s time is spent n walking and cycling initiatives? Initiative 0-10% 11-20% 21-30% 31-40% 41-50% 51-60% 61-70% 71-80% 81-90% % N/A Walking Initiatives º º º º º º º º º º º Cycling Initiatives º º º º º º º º º º º 41

50 Cmments: Questin 11 What are the tp three reasns why yur rganizatin/grup is interested in supprting walking and walkability? Please select nly three. Imprve the physical health f the ppulatin, including emtinal health Imprve the envirnmental health f the planet Imprve lcal ecnmic develpment in the cmmunity Imprve rad safety in the cmmunity Imprve access and mbility fr residents Imprve the scial capital/civic engagement f the cmmunity Other Cmments: Questin 12 Hw ften des yur rganizatin/grup engage in the fllwing activities t prmte walking? Prmtinal Activities Never Occasinally Annually Mnthly Weekly Daily Walking grups r clubs º º º º º º Incentives and rewards, such as walker discunts, special recgnitin, t-shirts and water bttles. Events, such as pen streets, ciclvias, Mayr s Walks, r walking challenges Prmtinal Campaigns, such as Park the car, it s nt that far º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º Infrmatinal and educatinal sessins, meetings r events º º º º º º Walking perscriptins º º º º º º Supprt materials, such as pedmeters, walking ples r apps Organizing and implementing Safe Rutes t Schl prgrams º º º º º º º º º º º º Prmte rganizatinal practices, such as walking meetings º º º º º º Engage with lcal media, e.g. newspaper articles, radi PSAs, etc. º º º º º º Cmments: Questin 13 Hw ften des yur rganizatin/grup engage in the fllwing walkability related activities? 42

51 Prmtinal Activities Never Smetimes Often Always Advcating fr pedestrian infrastructure, such as sidewalks, trails, pathways, safe crsswalks º º º º Advcating fr active transprtatin funding º º º º Advcating fr r implementing plicies and by-laws that supprt walking and walkability Advcating fr r implementing beautificatin prjects t enhance the walking envirnment Implementing safety prjects, such as Crime Preventin Thrugh Envirnmental Design (CPTED), traffic calming, speed reductin initiatives º º º º º º º º º º º º Implementing scial marketing campaigns t prmte walking º º º º Planning r implementing cnnectivity initiatives, such as bridges r alleyways º º º º Planning r implementing trail related prjects º º º º Advcating fr Cmplete Streets plicies º º º º Cmments: Questin 14 What has been yur rganizatin's mst successful plicy accmplishment fcused n imprving walkability? Plicy Accmplishment: Questin 15 If questins d nt adequately explain the nature f yur wrk t supprt and prmte walking and walkability, please prvide a brief descriptin here. Explain: Questin 16 What assistance culd yur rganizatin/grup r cmmunity mst benefit frm that wuld help increase walking rates and create mre safe and enjyable walking envirnments? Please select yur tp three ideas. Assistance with Organizing Cmmunity Supprt Advcacy Training Tls t increase public awareness Infrmatin abut funding pprtunities Assistance with prpsal develpment 43

52 Grants r funding fr small lcal prjects Examples f successful campaigns in ther cmmunities Cnnectins t cmmunities with successful prjects t share Assistance in priritizing plicy initiatives Individual cnsultatin n develping walking campaigns Walkability audits Other Cmments: Questin 17 Canada Walks wuld like t gauge interest in the fllwing: a) A Natinal Walking Summit t bring rganizatins and grups frm acrss the cuntry tgether t learn and share infrmatin abut walking and walkability in Canada. Please indicate whether r nt yu wuld be interested in attending such an event. Yes N Dn't Knw Cmments: b) The frmatin f a Natinal Cllabrative t raise the prfile f walking and walkability, and mve the agenda frward at a natinal level. What value culd a Natinal Cllabrative bring t the wrk that yu are ding in walking and walkability? Please describe. Describe: c) A Natinal Walking Strategy t guide prgress in increasing the rates f walking in the cuntry, and effrts t make walking safe, rutine and enjyable. What value culd a Natinal Walking Strategy bring t the wrk that yu are ding in walking and walkability? Please describe. Describe: Thank yu fr yur time. If yu wuld like t receive the summary reprt n the survey results, please prvide yur address here (ptinal). 44

53 Appendix B Survey Respndent List Organizatin/Grup ACT Canada Active Transprtatin Calitin f Cape Bretn Active Transprtatin Prtage La Prairie Al Alberta Health Services Bayview Village Assciatin Bridgeland Riverside Cmmunity Assciatin and Bridgeland Walks Calgary Rural Primary Care Netwrk Calgary tur de nuit Sciety Canadian Institute f Planners Canadian Vlkssprt Federatin CARP, Brckville and Thusand Islands Chapter Castr & District FCSS Centre de santé cmmunautaire de l'estrie à Embrun et Crysler Chris Larsn Citizens 4 Active Transprtatin City f Prt Mdy City f Vernn Transprtatin Department City f Welland, Bike AT Welland, Reginal Niagara Bicycle Cmmittee, Greater Niagara Circle Rute Cmmittee, Niagara Active Transprtatin Netwrk City f Winkler Clean Nrth Calitin fr a Liveable Sudbury Cmmunities in Actin Cmmittee; HKPR District Health Unit Crdva Bay Hikers Crnatin ChseWell Cmmittee Cuncil n Aging f Ottawa - Age-Friendly Pedestrian Safety Cmmittee Crane Institute fr Sustainability CultureLink's Settlement Services f Trnt & NEAT Mentrship Prgram Department f Health and Wellness Dwntwn Ynge Business Imprvement Area (DYBIA) East Cast Trail Assciatin Inc. Eclgy Actin Centre Eclgy Ottawa EnvirCentre Envirnment Netwrk Esjan, Arbrg Club f the Icelandic Natinal League f Nrth America Frest Terrace Heights Cmmunity league Get With It! Walking in the Hallways Green Calgary Grey Bruce health Unit Halifax Nrth West Trails Hamiltn Public Health Services Haltn Regin Health Department HASTE BC Hazel Dean Cmmunity league Healthy Eating Active Living Our Future (HEAL) Healthy Living Calitin (Central Alberta) Heart and Strke Fundatin Heart and Strke Fundatin Prvince/Territry Nva Sctia Manitba Alberta Alberta Alberta Alberta Alberta BC BC BC Manitba BC Alberta Nva Sctia Nva Sctia Manitba Alberta Alberta Nva Sctia BC Alberta Alberta Alberta Nva Sctia 45

54 Heartland Recreatin Cmmissin High Cuntry Wellness Calitin Highland Primary Care Netwrk Hike Nva Sctia Humber Valley Heritage Trail Assciatin Individual wh invites friends ut walking Infrmal Nrdixx Ple Walking Grup Jane's Walk Jhn Frtier KFL&A Public Health Lugheed Chsewell Lunenburg Cunty Cmmunity Health Bard Lunenburg Cunty Cmmunity Health Bard Manitba Fitness Cuncil McGill Students Outdrs Club (MOC) McLed cmmunity league Munt Pearl Lins Club Municipal District f Bighrn - Cmmunity Services Municipality f Killarney-Turtle Muntain Municipality f the District f Lunenburg Niagara Regin Public Health Nrdic Ple Walking Nrdixx Ple Walking Canada Nrdixx Ple Walking Haltn Regin and Hamiltn Nrdic Walking Guelph Nrway Huse Cree Natin Parks & Recreatin NWT Recreatin and Parks Assciatin Old Ottawa East Cmmunity Assciatin Senir Games 55+ Open Streets TO Ottawa Public Health Ottawa River Institute Paul First Natin Schl Rcks Wellness Pelham Active Transprtatin Cmmittee Perks Recreatin and Cmmunity Relatins Department Riverview, NB Prairie Lakes Recreatin District Rbertsn-Mynarski Residents Assciatin Safe Cmmunities Humbldt & Area Safe, Healthy, Active Peple Everywhere (S.H.A.P.E.) Sandy Hill Cmmunity Health Centre Saskatn Health Regin, Public Health Sault Ste. Marie Regin Cnservatin Authrity Sault Trail Advcacy Cmmittee Saulteaux Vyageur Trail Club Sexsmith Walk/Run Club SHAPE Sherman Hub Traffic Cncerns Team Suthern Health-Sante Sud The Bruce Trail Cnservancy The Friendly Crner The Laneway Prject The Memrial Link Manitba Alberta Alberta Nva Sctia Alberta Alberta Nva Sctia Nva Sctia Manitba Quebec Alberta Newfundland Alberta Manitba Nva Sctia Manitba Alberta New Brunswick Manitba Manitba Saskatchewan Alberta Saskatchewan Alberta Alberta Manitba 46

55 Thrld Active Transprtatin Advisry Cmmittee Tls f Change Twn f Canmre Engineering Services Twn f Calhurst, Calhurst Elementary Schl Wellness Cmmittee, Calhurst Wellness Cmmittee Twn f Lakeshre Twn f Legal Twn f Stnewall Twn f Teuln Valley Recreatin District Vancuver 'Venturers Vlkssprt Club Vél Québec Victria Internatinal Walking Festival Sciety (aka Phenix Festival) Victria Y Vlkssprt Club Vlkssprt Assciatin f British Clumbia, (member f the Canadian Vlkssprt Federatin) Walk Edmntn Walk Halifax Walk Metr Vancuver Walk British Clumbia Walk On, Victria Walk Ottawa Walk Safe Cldstream Walk Trnt Walking & Vlkssprt Assciatin f Waterl 55+ Senirs' Hiking Club WECHU Wellness Calitin-Avaln East Whitehrse Walks Winnipeg Reginal Health Authrity Alberta Alberta Alberta Manitba Manitba Manitba BC Quebec BC BC BC Alberta Nva Sctia BC BC BC Newfundland Yukn Manitba 47

56 Appendix C Examples f Practices Example 1: Funding Manitba Small Cmmunities Transprtatin Fund (SCTF) Manitba s Small Cmmunities Transprtatin Fund (SCTF) is a prgram meant t help small cmmunities (ppulatin f 50,000 r less) that may lack funding, imprve active transprtatin cnditins. The prgram cntains a simple and straightfrward applicatin frm fr municipalities t cmplete t allw fr ease in the prcess. In ttal, the Prvince has set aside $1 millin in funds t cver the time perid f A maximum f $200,000 is t be distributed each year, with a maximum f $50,000 awarded per prject. Each municipality that receives funding can nly receive funding fr ne prject per year. 13 Manitba s funding prgram targets small cmmunities wh may nt require large infrastructure imprvements. It is cnsidered t be a gd example f direct active transprtatin funding frm a prvincial/territrial level. The types f prjects funded in relatin t walking include 14 : New sidewalks/pathways fr pedestrian use, including curb cut-uts r ramps t enhance accessibility; Lighting and signage n sidewalks, trails and bike paths; and Active transprtatin design/prject plans which lead t future active transprtatin infrastructure develpment (e.g., pathway design plans; update f a Transprtatin Plan t include an Active Transprtatin Plan, etc.). The prgram is available fr viewing at the fllwing: 13 Manitba Ministry f Municipal Gvernment (2014). Small Cmmunities Transprtatin Fund Prgram Guidelines. Manitba Municipal Gvernment. Retrieved frm: 14 Manitba Ministry f Municipal Gvernment (2014). Small Cmmunities Transprtatin Fund Prgram Guidelines. Manitba Municipal Gvernment. Retrieved frm: 48

57 Example 2: Data City f Kamlps Needs Assessment The City f Kamlps Needs Assessment was a methd practiced by the municipality fr the develpment f their previus Pedestrian Master Plan (2002). The Needs Assessment includes a series f measurements intended t accurately identify: Current safety issues; Pedestrian safety; Netwrk cntributin; Pedestrian demand, and; Average ratings and pririties. An verview f each measurement is prvided belw. Current Safety Issues This has been termed Safety Issues Rating by the City f Kamlps. This is a measurement f subjective qualitative indicatrs t prvide a current assessment f pedestrian safety n a rad netwrk. 15 It uses the fllwing indicatrs: Existing sidewalk n at least ne side Existing sidewalk r gravel/asphalt walkway adjacent the rad link but culd use imprvement N pedestrian facilities, and n identified prblems N pedestrian facilities, and ptential safety prblems N pedestrian facilities with a knwn safety prblem r within 100m f vulnerable pedestrian land use (i.e. schl r senirs facility) Pedestrian Safety This has been termed Pedestrian Safety Index (PSI) by the City f Kamlps. This is a LOS (level-f-service) analysis that calculates pedestrian safety quantitatively using a series f indicatrs. 16 They are: Width f buffer, ttal rad and sidewalk; Peak 15 minute traffic vlume; Buffer area, parking and sidewalk cefficients; Percent n-street parking; Average running speed f vehicles; and Ttal number f thrugh lanes. 15 City f Kamlps (2002). Kamlps Pedestrian Master Plan. ICBC, City f Kamlps. Retrieved frm: 16 City f Kamlps (2002). Kamlps Pedestrian Master Plan. ICBC, City f Kamlps. Retrieved frm: 49

58 This measuring technique has been designed by Sprinkle Cnsulting Inc. under spnsrship frm the Flrida Department f Transprtatin. 17 The visual results f the PSI can be viewed in Figure 17. Netwrk Cntributin Termed Netwrk Cntributin Rating, the City f Kamlps by using this methd has determined the general imprtance f certain paths r segments t the verall netwrk cnnectivity f the municipality. 18 This measurement used the fllwing set f indicatrs: Existing sidewalk n at least ne side; Existing shulder r walkway adjacent, in peripheral area; N sidewalk fr significant length (> 1000 m) r nt cnnected at either end; N sidewalk fr mderate length ( m); and N sidewalk fr shrt length (< 400 m). Pedestrian Demand The City f Kamlps has measured pedestrian demand within the municipality thrugh a measurement termed Pedestrian Demand Rating. The City f Kamlps has stated the imprtance f this rating due t its ability t determine whether there is need r desire fr certain paths and segments. 19 A demand rating is assigned t each segment. The demand rating is determined by surrunding land-uses, and a set f distances between generatrs. 20 The results f the Pedestrian Demand Rating are displayed in Figure City f Kamlps (2002). Kamlps Pedestrian Master Plan. ICBC, City f Kamlps. Retrieved frm: 18 City f Kamlps (2002). Kamlps Pedestrian Master Plan. ICBC, City f Kamlps. Retrieved frm: 19 City f Kamlps (2002). Kamlps Pedestrian Master Plan. ICBC, City f Kamlps. Retrieved frm: 20 City f Kamlps (2002). Kamlps Pedestrian Master Plan. ICBC, City f Kamlps. Retrieved frm: 50

59 Example 3: Cllabratin and Knwledge England Change4Life Campaign The Change4Life campaign was launched in England in It is still active tday invlving tw primary sub-brands and tlkits, ne fr walking, the ther fr cycling. Included is: Walk4Life An nline tlkit designed t help get individuals and families ut walking as part f their daily lifestyles. Walking is encuraged fr bth cmmuting and fr recreatin. 21 The tlkit includes a mbile app t allw an individual r family t find 21 England Department fr Transprt & Department fr Health (2010). Active Travel Strategy. Department fr Transprt. Retrieved frm: 51