Polychaeta (Annelida) of the Gulf of Mexico

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2 Fauchald, K., A. Granados-Barba, and V. Solís-Weiss Polychaeta (Annelida) of the Gulf of, Pp in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas. 37 Polychaeta (Annelida) of the Gulf of Kristian Fauchald, Alejandro Granados- Barba, and Vivianne Solís- Weiss The phylum Annelida, segmented worms, includes species from all sorts of environments. Apart from most of the leeches, the annelids have bristles, chaetae, usually ard so that there are two or four bundles of bristles per segment. The bristles consist usually of bundles of long, slender scleroprotein tubes or rods, glued together by chitin or other forms of scleroprotein. Most familiar are perhaps the earthworms, part of the Oligochaeta, which include numerous small species living in freshwater and the marine environments. Also well known are the leeches, especially the medicinal leech, but the group to which this leech belongs, Hirudinea, contains about 600 species, many of which are present in the marine environment and in freshwater; many leeches are not the famous blood- suckers, but live more like carnivores, grazing on the skin of fishes and other organisms. These two groups both contain exclusively hermaphroditic members and are considered closely related, the Clitellata. The other major group of annelids, Polychaeta, turns out to be more difficult to define. Most polychaetes are marine, and they are structurally more complex than the leeches and oligochaetes in that they usually have head appendages, antennae, and palps. The bristles are usually carried on paired parapodia on either side of the body, and the parapodia may be subdivided into an upper part, the notopodium, and a lower, ventral part, the neuropodium. The bristles are often complex, with hinges and hoods and marginal serration or dentition. Many species of polychaetes have several different kinds of bristles in Polychaeta. After Kritzler each parapodium, and the bristles may also change over time, as the worms grow. In contrast, the oligochaete bristles are usually much simpler. Polychaetes have turned out not to be a single monophyletic group; various analyses have demonstrated that the clitellates are nested among the polychaetes (e.g., Rouse and Pleijel 2001), and thus recognizing the polychaetes as a single group at the same level as the clitellates will not be correct. However, traditionally the families of polychaetes have been treated as a single taxon, and for many purposes, not least ecologically, it makes sense to handle the polychaetes as a group for practical reasons. The system used in this effort corresponds to the one used by Rouse and Pleijel (2001) (see also Rouse and Fauchald [1997]) with few exceptions. For practical reasons, we have retained family names even for families repre- 751

3 752 ~ Polychaeta (Annelida) sented only by a single genus (or single species) worldwide. Similarly, we have preferred to split the genera where such splits have been published (e.g., paraonids and spionids) and have been at least in some use. Some families are under very active study, such as the syllids, and the generic assignment of the species there follows the publications cited. Polychaetes are present in all environments, from intertidal pools to the greatest depths of the oceans. They are especially common in sandy and muddy substrates where they can make up as much as 90% of the standing crop of macro- organisms. More normally, they are present as 25% to 50% of the numbers of specimens. However, many polychaetes are small, and in terms of biomass, the group is less dominant than in numbers of specimens. The polychaetes are currently grouped in roughly 80 families. A few families are exclusively pelagic but most are benthic, and most are present in all ocean basins. Some families are usually very species rich; syllids, paraonids, cirratulids, sabellids, nereidids, and eunicids are often present with many species in any given ocean area, and the Gulf of shows this dominance very well. A survey of the known Gulf polychaete fauna was issued by Perkins and Savage (1975) in which the early literature can be found. A major advance in our knowledge came with the publication of Uebelacker and Johnson (1984). This publication is a series of seven ring- bound volumes containing the combined studies of several investigations from Florida to Texas undertaken for the Minerals Management Service in preparation for oil- lease activities in the Gulf of. Each of the 60 chapters, written by a total of 14 authors, is cited separately here. These volumes were carefully reviewed prior to publication and represented a major event for our understanding of the Gulf fauna. Several of the chapter authors have later issued important studies of various groups based on this material, and these papers are also cited below. The southwestern part of the Gulf of has been studied intensively by Mexican scientists, from City and from Chetumal; their records include more than 500 species from this relatively limited section of the Gulf. The following checklist includes polychaetes recorded from the Gulf of () and published in formal publications. We have omitted records given in theses and dissertations and various other forms of grey literature. Several of the records are reported as a genus name with species indet. These records are from Uebelacker and Johnson (1984), which frequently represented the only record of the genus from the Gulf of. If that is the case, they have been included here; if other species in that genus have been reported, however, they have been omitted. We have mainly included literature covering the species level; reviews and recent moves of a species from one genus to another are reflected in the list, but are not necessarily cited. Abbreviations Abbreviations used in the column of the checklist include: bur = burrower or borer; crr = corals; dps = deep sea; hsb = hard substrate; plg = pelagic; sft = soft substrates (muds, sands, clays); svg = submergent vegetation (algae); and tbi = tubicolous (tube formers). s are based on records strictly from the Gulf of. Abbreviations in column are for quadrants shown in chapter 1, fig. 1. Acknowledgments We are grateful for the assistance of Mr. William G. Keel in Washington, and Biol. Dalya Vera Hidalgo for her efforts with data transcription and bibliographic assistance in preparation of the Mexican input. KF is also grateful for the advice and help given him by Ms. Linda Ward and Dr. Leonard Hirsch in preparing the table. References 1. Blake, J. A Polychaeta from the vicinity of deep- sea geothermal vents in the eastern Pacific. I: Euphrosinidae, Phyllodocidae, Hesionidae, Nereididae, Glyceridae, Dorvilleidae, Orbiniidae and Maldanidae. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 6: Blake, J. A New genera and species of deep- sea polychaetes of the family Nautiliniellidae from the Gulf of and the eastern Pacific. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 106(1): Blake, J. A Family Cirratulidae Ryckholdt, Including a revision of the genera and species from the eastern North Pacific. Pp in J. A. Blake, B. Hilbig, and P. H. Scott, eds. omic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California. 4. Blake, J. A A new genus and species of polychaete worm (Family Orbiniidae) from methane seeps in the Gulf of, with a review of the systematics and phylogenetic interrelationships of the genera of Orbiniidae. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 41(4): Böggemann, M., and D. Fiege Description of seven

4 Fauchald, Granados-Barba, and Solis-Weiss ~ 753 new species of the genus Glycera Savigny, 1818 (Annelida: Polychaeta: Glyceridae). Ophelia 54(1): Brown, B A new species of Aricidea (Polychaeta: Paraonidae) from Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 89(37): Carrera- Parra, L. F Recognition of Cenogenus Chamberlin, 1919 (Polychaeta: Lumbrineridae) based on type material. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 114(3): Carrera- Parra, L. F Lumbrineridae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Grand Caribbean region with the description of six new species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81(4): De Leon Gonzalez, J. A A new eunicid polychaete from the Caribbean Coast of. Revista de Biología Tropical 36(1): De Leon Gonzalez, J. A., and V. Solís Weiss A new species of Steninonereis (Polychaeta: Nereididae) from the Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110(2): De Leon Gonzalez, J. A., V. Solís- Weiss, and V. Valadez Rocha Two new species of Platynereis (Polychaeta: Nereididae) from eastern Mexican shores. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 114(2): Desbruyères, D., and A. Toulmond A new species of hesionid worm, Hesiocaeca methanicola sp. nov. (Polychaeta: Hesionidae), living in ice- like methane hydrates in the deep Gulf of. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 39(1): Ding, Z., F. Licher, and W. Westheide New and newly assigned species of the genus Dentatisyllis (Polychaeta, Syllidae, Syllinae), with comments on the reproduction, together with a key and a synoptic table of all species of the genus. Sarsia 83: Ewing, R. M A partial revision of the genus Notomastus (Polychaeta: Capitellidae) with a description of a new species from the Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 95(2): Ewing, R. M. 1984a. Family Cossuridae Day, Pp. 1 6, chapter 4 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 16. Ewing, R. M. 1984b. Family Capitellidae Grube, Pp. 1 47, chapter 14 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 17. Ewing, R. M. 1984c. Generic revision of Mastobranchus and Peresiella (Polychaeta: Capitellidae) with descriptions of two new species from the Gulf of and Atlantic Ocean. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 97(4): Ewing, R. M Review of the genus Cossurella (Polychaeta: Cossuridae) including descriptions of two new species and a key to the species of the world. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 7: Fitzhugh, K New species of Fabriciola and Fabricia (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) from Belize. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96(2): Fitzhugh, K Fabricinuda, a new genus of Fabriciinae (Polychaeta: Sabellidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 103(1): Fitzhugh, K New fanworm species (Polychaeta: Sabellidae: Fabriciinae) in the genus Pseudofabriciola Fitzhugh. Journal of Natural History 30: Frame, A. B The lumbrinerids (Annelida: Polychaeta) collected in two northwestern Atlantic surveys with descriptions of a new genus and two new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 105(2): Gaston, G. R Family Paraonidae Cerrutti, Pp. 1 53, chapter 2 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 24. Gaston, G. R., and J. A. McLelland Aricidea (Allia) bryani, a new species of polychaete (Polychaeta: Paraonidae) from the northern Gulf of. Gulf Research Reports 9(3): Gathof, J. M. 1984a. Family Apistobranchidae Mesnil and Caullery, Pp. 1 3, chapter 5 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 26. Gathof, J. M. 1984b. Family Hartmaniellidae Imajima, Pp. 1 3, chapter 57 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 27. Gathof, J. M. 1984c. Family Phyllodocidae Williams, Pp. 1 42, chapter 19 in J. M. Uebelacker and

5 754 ~ Polychaeta (Annelida) P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 28. Gathof, J. M. 1984d. Family Aphroditidae Malmgren, Pp. 1 8, chapter 20 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 29. Gathof, J. M. 1984e. Family Chrysopetalidae Ehlers, Pp. 1 10, chapter 26 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management service, contract Barry 30. Gathof, J. M. 1984f. Family Lacydoniidae Bergstroem, Pp. 1 5, chapter 34 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management service, contract Barry 31. Gathof, J. M. 1984g. Family Amphinomidae Savigny Pp. 1 12, chapter 37 in J. M. Uebelacker and Paul G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management service, contract Barry 32. Gathof, J. M. 1984h. Family Euphrosinidae Williams, Pp. 1 13, chapter 38 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 33. Gathof, J. M. 1984i. Family Onuphidae Kinberg, Pp. 1 35, chapter 39 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management service, contract Barry A. Vittor & 34. Gathof, J. M. 1984j. Family Eunicidae Savigny, Pp. 1 31, chapter 40 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 35. Gathof, J. M. 1984k. Family Arenicolidae Johnston, Pp. 1 2, chapter 58 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 36. Gilbert, K. M. 1984a. Family Trochochaetidae Pettibone, Pp. 1 4, chapter 8 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 37. Gilbert, K. M. 1984b. Family Chaetopteridae Malmgren, Pp. 1 13, chapter 11 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 38. Gilbert, K. M. 1984c. Family Glyceridae Grube, Pp. 1 26, chapter 32 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract Mobile: Barry 39. Gilbert, K. M. 1984d. Family Goniadidae Kinberg, Pp. 1 19, chapter 33 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 40. Gilbert, K. M. 1984e. Family Lysaretidae Kinberg, Pp. 1 7, chapter 43 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 41. Gilbert, K. M. 1984f. Family Sternaspidae Carus, Pp. 1 4, chapter 45 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 42. Glasby, C. J The Namanereidinae (Polychaeta: Nereididae). Part 1, omy and Phylogeny. Part 2, Cladistic Biogeography. Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement 25: Granados- Barba, A., and V. Solís- Weiss The polychaetous annelids from oil platforms areas in the southeastern Gulf of : Phyllodocidae, Glyceridae, Goniadidae, Hesionidae, and Pilargidae, with description of Ophioglycera lyra, a new species, and comments on Goniada distorta Moore and Scoloplos texana Maciolek &

6 Fauchald, Granados-Barba, and Solis-Weiss ~ 755 Holland. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110(3): Harper, D. E Nephtys cryptomma, new species (Polychaeta: Nephtyidae) from the northern Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99(1): Hernandez- Alcantara, P., and V. Solís- Weiss Magelonidae from the Mexican Pacific and northern Gulf of, with the description of a new genus (Meredithia) and four new species. Bulletin of Marine Science 67(1): Hilbig, B New polychaetous annelids of the families Nereididae, Hesionidae, and Nephtyidae from the Santa Maria Basin, California, with a redescription of Glycera nana Johnson, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 105(4): Holthe, T Evolution, systematics, and distribution of the Polychaeta Terebellomorpha, with a catalogue of the taxa and a bibliography. Gunneria 55: Johnson, P. G Family Spionidae Grube, Pp. 1 69, chapter 6 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 49. Kritzler, H. 1984a. Family Terebellidae Grube, Pp. 1 72, chapter 52 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 50. Kritzler, H. 1984b. Family Trichobranchidae Malmgren, Pp. 1 6, chapter 53 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 51. Kudenov, J. D Streptospinigera heteroseta, a new genus and species of Eusyllinae (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from the western shelf of Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96(1): Kudenov, J. D. 1984a. Family Scalibregmatidae Malmgren Pp. 1 14, chapter 18 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 53. Kudenov, J. D Family Sphaerodoridae Malmgren, Pp. 1 12, chapter 36 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management service, contract Barry 54. Kudenov, J. D Four new species of Scalibregmatidae (Polychaeta) from the Gulf of, with comments on the familial placement of Mucibregma Fauchald and Hancock, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 98(2): Kudenov, J. D Five new species of Sphaerodoridae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 100(4): Lu, H., and K. Fauchald Description of Eunice weintraubi and E. wui, two new species of eunicid polychaetes from northern Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 111(1): Lu, H., and K. Fauchald A phylogenetic and biogeographic study of Euniphysa (Eunicidae, Polychaeta). Journal of Natural History 34(7): Maciolek, N. J A revision of the genus Prionospio Malmgren, with special emphasis on species from the Atlantic Ocean, and new records of species belonging to the genera Apoprionospio Foster and Paraprionospio Caullery (Polychaeta, Annelida, Spionidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, London 84: McLelland, J. A., and G. R. Gaston Two new species of Cirrophorus (Polychaeta: Paraonidae) from the northern Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 107(3): Milligan, M. R. 1984a. Family Oweniidae Rioja, Pp. 1 12, chapter 46 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 61. Milligan, M. R. 1984b. Family Flabelligeridae Saint- Joseph, Pp. 1 20, chapter 47 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 62. Milligan, M. R., and K. M. Gilbert Family Poecilochaetidae Hannerz, Pp. 1 7, chapter 9 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract Mobile: Barry A. Vittor &

7 756 ~ Polychaeta (Annelida) 63. Perkins, T. H Lumbrineridae, Arabellidae, and Dorvilleidae (Polychaeta) from Florida, with descriptions of six new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 92(3): Perkins, T. H. 1980a. Review of the species previously referred to Ceratonereis mirabilis, and descriptions of new species of Ceratonereis, Nephtys, and Goniada (Polychaeta). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 93(1): Perkins, T. H. 1980b. Syllidae (Polychaeta), principally from Florida, with descriptions of a new genus and twenty- one new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 93(4): Perkins, T. H. 1984a. Revision of Demonax Kinberg, Hypsicomus Grube, and Notaulax Tauber, with a review of Megalomma Johansson from Florida (Polychaeta: Sabellidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 97(2): Perkins, T. H. 1984b. New species of Phyllodocidae and Hesionidae (Polychaeta), principally from Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 97(3): Perkins, T. H Chrysopetalum, Bhawania and two new genera of Chrysopetalidae (Polychaeta), principally from Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 98(4): Perkins, T. H Levidoridae (Polychaeta) new family, with descriptions of two new species of Levidorum from Florida. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 7: Perkins, T. H., and T. Savage A bibliography and checklist of polychaetous annelids of Florida, the Gulf of, and the Caribbean region. Florida Marine Research Publications 14: Pettibone, M. H North American genera of the family Orbiniidae (Annelida: Polychaeta), with descriptions of new species. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 47(5): Pettibone, M. H Revision of the aphroditoid polychaetes of the family Eulepethidae Chamberlin (=Eulepidinae Darboux; = Pareulepidae Hartman). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 41: Pettibone, M. H. 1986a. A new scale- worm commensal with deep- sea mussels in the seep- sites at the Florida escarpment in the eastern Gulf of (Polychaeta: Polynoidae: Branchipolynoinae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99(3): Pettibone, M. H. 1986b. Additions to the family Eulepethidae Chamberlin (Polychaeta: Aphroditacea). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 441: Pettibone, M. H Revision of the aphroditoid polychaetes of the family Acoetidae Kinberg (=Polyodontidae Augener) and reestablishment of Acoetes Audouin and Milne- Edwards, 1832, and Euarche Ehlers, Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 464: Pettibone, M. H Contribution to the polychaete family Pholoidae Kinberg. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 532: Pettibone, M. H Scaled polychaetes (Polynoidae) associated with ophiuroids and other invertebrates and review of species referred to Malmgrenia McIntosh and replaced by Malmgreniella Hartman, with descriptions of new taxa. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 538: Pettibone, M. H Revision of the sigalionid species (Polychaeta) referred to Psammolyce Kinberg, 1856, Pelogenia Schmarda, 1861, and belonging to the subfamily Pelogeniinae Chamberlin, Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 581: Pillai, T. G., and H. A. ten Hove On recent species of Spiraserpula Regenhardt, 1961, a serpulid polychaete genus hitherto known only from Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, London 60(1): Pleijel, F Gyptis crypta, a new hesionid species from the U.S.A. East Coast, with a redescription of G. vittata Webster & Benedict, 1887 (Annelida: Polychaeta). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 106(2): Rice, S. A., and L. A. Levin Streblospio gynobranchiata, a new spionid polychaete species (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Florida and the Gulf of with an analysis of phylogenetic relationships within the genus Streblospio. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 111(3): Rouse, G. W New species of Oriopsis Caullery and Mesnil from Florida, Belize and Aldabra Atoll (Seychelles), and a new species of Amphiglena Claparède from Seychelles (Polychaeta: Sabellidae: Sabellinae). Bulletin of Marine Science 54(1): Rouse, G. W., and K. Fauchald Cladistics and polychaetes. Zoologica Scripta 26(2): Rouse, G. W., and F. Pleijel Polychaetes. Oxford University Press, U.K. 354 pp. 85. Russell, D. E The omy and Distribution of Syllidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) Inhabiting Mangrove and

8 Fauchald, Granados-Barba, and Solis-Weiss ~ 757 Adjacent Shallow- Water Habitats of Twin Cays, Belize [PhD dissertation]. George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 86. Salazar- Vallejo, S. I Updated checklist of polychaetes (Polychaeta) from the Gulf of, the Carribean Sea and adjacent areas in the Western Atlantic Ocean. Pp in D. Navarro and E. Suárez- Moreles, eds. Diversidad Biológica en la Reserva de la Biosfera de Sian Ka an, Quintana Roo,. 87. Salazar- Vallejo, S. I Revision of Synelmis Chamberlin, 1919 (Annelida, Polychaeta, Pilargidae). Zoosystema 25(1): Salazar- Vallejo, S. I., and M. del Pilar Reyes- Barragán Parandalia vivianneae n. sp. and P. tricuspis (Müller), two estuarine polychaetes (Polychaeta: Pilargidae) from eastern. Revista de Biología Tropical 38(1): San Martin, G Eusyllinae (Syllidae, Polychaeta) from Cuba and Gulf of. Bulletin of Marine Science 46(3): San Martin, G. 1991a. Sphaerosyllis and Parapionosyllis (Polychaeta: Syllidae) from Cuba and Florida. Ophelia Supplement 5 (Systematics, and Morphology of World Polychaeta): San Martin, G. 1991b. Grubeosyllis and Exogone (Exogoninae, Syllidae, Polychaeta) from Cuba, the Gulf of, Florida and Puerto Rico, with a revision of Exogone. Bulletin of Marine Science 49(3): San Martin, G Syllis Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) from Cuba, the Gulf of, Florida and North Carolina, with a revision of several species described by Verrill. Bulletin of Marine Science 51(2): San Martín, G., E. López, and J. Núñez Two new species of the genus Pisione Grube, 1857 from Cuba and the Canary Islands (Polychaeta: Pisionidae). Ophelia 51(1): Solís- Weiss, V., K. Fauchald, and A. Blankensteyn Trichobranchidae (Polychaeta) from shallow warm water areas in the Western Atlantic Ocean. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 104(1): Solís- Weiss, V., and A. Granados- Barba. In prep. Atlas of the Polychaetous Annelids of the southern Gulf of. 96. Taylor, J. L A Pacific polychaete in southeastern United States. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences 29(1): Taylor, J. L. 1984a. Family Orbiniidae Hartman, Pp. 1 38, chapter 1 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 98. Taylor, J. L. 1984b. Family Nereidae Johnston, Pp. 1 42, chapter 31 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 99. Taylor, J, L. 1984c. Family Nephtyidae Grube, Pp. 1 20, chapter 35 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 100. Taylor, J. L, and J. M. Gathof Family Questidae Hartman, Pp. 1 7, chapter 3 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 101. ten Hove, H. A., and P. S. Wolf Family Serpulidae. Pp. 1 34, chapter 55 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 102. Tovar Hernandez, M. A Redescription of Chone americana Day, 1973 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) and description of five new species from the Grand Caribbean Region. Zootaxa 1070: Tovar Hernandez, M. A., and A. Granados- Barba Typosyllis papillosus, a new species (Annelida: Polychaeta: Syllidae) from the southwest Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 115(4): Uebelacker, J. M A new parasitic polychaetous annelid (Arabellidae) from the Bahamas. The Journal of Parasitology 64.1 (1978): Uebelacker, J. M Review of some little- known species of Syllids (Annelida: Polychaeta) described from the Gulf of and Caribbean by Hermann Augener in Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 95(3): Uebelacker, J. M. 1984a. Family Heterospionidae Hartman, Pp. 1 6, chapter 10 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Poly-

9 758 ~ Polychaeta (Annelida) chaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Mobile, Alabama Uebelacker, J. M. 1984b. Family Opheliidae Malmgren, Pp. 1 15, chapter 17 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 108. Uebelacker, J. M. 1984c. Family Pholoididae Fauchald, Pp. 1 4, chapter 23 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 109. Uebelacker, J. M. 1984d. Family Eulepethidae Chamberlin, Pp. 1 13, chapter 24 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 110. Uebelacker, J. M. 1984e. Family Hesionidae Sars, Pp. 1 39, chapter 28 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 111. Uebelacker, J. M. 1984f. Family Syllidae Grube, Pp , chapter 30 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 112. Uebelacker, J. M. 1984g. Family Lumbrineridae Malmgren, Pp. 1 45, chapter 41 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Mobile, Alabama Uebelacker, J. M. 1984h. Family Arabellidae Hartman, Pp. 1 29, chapter 42 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 114. Uebelacker, J. M. 1984i. Family Sabellariidae Johnston, Pp. 1 10, chapter 49 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 115. Uebelacker, J. M. 1984j. Family Ampharetidae Malmgren, Pp. 1 32, chapter 51 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 116. Uebelacker, J. M. 1984k. Family Sabellidae Malmgren, Pp. 1 43, chapter 54 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 117. Uebelacker, J. M., and P. G. Johnson omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract Barry M. Vittor & Associates, Mobile, Alabama Uebelacker, J. M., and M. L. Jones Family Magelonidae Cunningham and Ramage, Pp. 1 29, chapter 7 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Mobile, Alabama Watson Russell, C Description of a new species of Arichlidon (Chrysopetalidae: Polychaeta) from the West Atlantic and comparison with the East Atlantic species Arichlidon reyssi. Bulletin of Marine Science 67(1): Weston, D Family Polynoidae Malmgren, Pp. 1 30, chapter 21 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 121. Williams, S. J The status of Terebellides stroemi (Polychaeta: Trichobranchidae) as a cosmopolitan species, based on a worldwide morphological survey, including description of new species. Pp in P. A. Hutchings, ed. Proceedings of the First International Polychaete Conference, Sydney, Australia, The Linnean Society of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

10 Fauchald, Granados-Barba, and Solis-Weiss ~ Wolf, P. S A revision of the Bogueidae Hartman and Fauchald, 1971, and its reduction to Bogueinae, a subfamily of Maldanidae (Polychaeta). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96(2): Wolf, P. S. 1984a. Family Cirratulidae Carus, Pp. 1 30, chapter 12 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 124. Wolf, P. S. 1984b. Family Acrocirridae Banse, Pp. 1 7, chapter 13 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 125. Wolf, P. S. 1984c. Family Maldanidae Malmgren, Pp. 1 21, chapter 15 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 126. Wolf, P. S. 1984d. Family Bogueidae Hartman and Fauchald, Pp. 1 9, chapter 16 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Mobile, Alabama Wolf, P. S. 1984e. Family Polyodontidae Buchanan, Pp. 1 10, chapter 22 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 128. Wolf, P. S. 1984f. Family Sigalionidae Malmgren, Pp. 1 39, chapter 25 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 129. Wolf, P. S. 1984g. Family Pisionidae Southern, Pp. 1 7, chapter 27 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 130. Wolf, P. S. 1984h. Family Pilargidae Saint- Joseph, Pp. 1 41, chapter 29 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 131. Wolf, P. S. 1984i. Family Dorvilleidae Chamberlin, Pp. 1 37, chapter 44 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 132. Wolf, P. S. 1984j. Family Fauveliopsidae Hartman, Pp. 1 4, chapter 48 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 133. Wolf, P. S. 1984k. Family Pectinariidae Quatrefages, Pp. 1 10, chapter 50 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals 134. Wolf, P. S. 1984l. Family Saccocirridae Czerniavsky, Pp. 1 4, chapter 56 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management 135. Wolf, P. S. 1984m. Family A. Pp. 1 4, chapter 59 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Mobile, Alabama Wolf, P. S. 1984n. Family B. Pp. 1 3, chapter 60 in J. M. Uebelacker and P. G. Johnson, eds. omic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of. Final Report to the Minerals Management Service, contract Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Mobile, Alabama Wolf, P. S. 1986a. A new genus and species of interstitial Sigalionidae and a report on the presence of venom glands in some scale- worm families (Annelida: Polychaeta). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99(1): Wolf, P. S. 1986b. Three new species of Pilargidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the east coast of Florida,

11 760 ~ Polychaeta (Annelida) Puerto Rico and the Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99(3): Wolf, P. S. 1986c. Four new genera of Dorvilleidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99(4): Wolf, P. S. 1986d. Three new species of Dorvilleidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Puerto Rico and Florida and a new genus for dorvilleids from Scandinavia and North America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 99(4): Wolf, P. S. 1987a. Aberrantidae: a new family of Polychaeta (Annelida). Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 7: Wolf, P. S. 1987b. Two new species of Pettiboneia (Polychaeta: Dorvilleidae) primarily from the Gulf of. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 100(1): Submitted: August 2006 Accepted: January 2007

12 Fauchald, Granados-Barba, and Solis-Weiss ~ 761 omic summary for polychaete annelids of the Gulf of. Family Number of species Endemics Potential invaders Aberrantidae Acoetidae Acrocirridae Ampharetidae Amphinomidae Aphroditidae Apistobranchidae Arenicolidae Capitellidae Chaetopteridae Chrysopetalidae Cirratulidae Cossuridae Dorvilleidae Eulepethidae Eunicidae Euphrosinidae Fauveliopsidae Flabelligeridae Glyceridae Goniadidae Hartmaniellidae Hesionidae Heterospionidae Iospilidae Lacydoniidae Lumbrineridae Magelonidae Maldanidae Nautiliniellidae Nephtyidae Nereididae Oenonidae Onuphidae Opheliidae Orbiniidae Oweniidae Paralacydoniidae Paraonidae Pectinariidae Pholoidae Phyllodocidae Pilargidae Pisionidae Poecilochaetidae Polynoidae Questidae Sabellariidae Sabellidae Saccocirridae Scalibregmatidae Serpulidae Sigalinoidae (continued)

13 762 ~ Polychaeta (Annelida) omic summary for polychaete annelids of the Gulf of. (continued) Family Number of species Endemics Potential invaders Sphaerodoridae Spionidae Sternaspidae Syllidae Terebellidae Trichobranchidae Trochochaetidae Typhloscolecidae Totals Checklist of polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Gulf of. Phylum: Annelida Class: Polychaeta Subclass: Scolecida Family: Arenicolidae Arenicola cristata Stimpson, 1856 sft, bur 0 2 Widely distributed ne 35 Family: Capitellidae Barantolla cf. lepte Hutchings, 1974 sft, bur 10 New South Wales, Gulf of ne 16 Capitella capitata (Fabricius, 1780) sft, bur 1 54 Widely distributed nw, ne, sw 16, 95 Dasybranchus lumbricoides Grube, 1878 sft, bur Philippine Islands, widespread in nw, ne, sw 16 tropical and subtropical waters Dasybranchus lunulatus Ehlers, 1887 sft, bur 0 4 North Carolina to Gulf of, ne, sw, se 16 Caribbean Sea Decamastus gracilis Hartman, 1963 sft, bur 43 Southern California, Gulf of ne (?), sw 16, 95 Heteromastus filiformis (Claparède, 1864) sft, bur 0 4 Widely distributed ne, sw 16, 95 Leiocapitella glabra Hartman, 1947 sft, bur 65 Southern California, Gulf of California, nw 16 Gulf of Leiochrides pallidior (Chamberlin, 1918) sft, bur 1 2 California, Gulf of ne 16 Mastobranchus variabilis Ewing, 1984 sft, bur Gulf of only ne, sw 17 Mediomastus ambiseta (Hartman, 1947) sft, bur 1 4 Southern California, Gulf of ne 16 Mediomastus californiensis Hartman, 1944 sft, bur 1 53 Widely distributed nw, ne, sw 16, 95 Notomastus americanus Day, 1973 sft, bur 5 82 North Carolina, Gulf of ne 16 Notomastus daueri Ewing, 1982 sft, bur 5 81 Gulf of only entire 14, 16, 95 Notomastus hemipodus Hartman, 1945 sft, bur California, North Carolina, Gulf entire 16, 95 of Notomastus latericeus Sars, 1851 sft 1 87 Widely distributed ne, se 16 Notomastus lineatus Claparède, 1870 sft, bur 43 Widely distributed ne, sw 16, 95 Notomastus lobatus Hartman, 1947 sft, bur 4 82 North Carolina, southern California and western, Gulf of nw, ne, sw 16, 95 Notomastus tenuis Moore, 1909 sft, bur 4 82 Canada to California, Gulf of nw (?), ne (?), sw Peresiella spathulata Ewing, 1984 sft, bur Gulf of only ne, sw 16, 17, 95 16, 95

14 Fauchald, Granados-Barba, and Solis-Weiss ~ 763 Checklist of polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Gulf of. (continued) Scyphoproctus platyproctus Jones, 1961 sft, bur Gulf of only ne (?) 16 Family: Cossuridae Cossura delta Reish, 1958 sft, bur Widely distributed nw, ne, 15, 95 sw, se Cossura longocirrata Webster & Benedict, sft, bur 146 Widely distributed ne Cossura soyeri Laubier, 1963 sft, bur Mediterranean Sea, North Carolina, nw, ne, 15, 95 Gulf of sw, se Cossurella pseudakania Ewing, 1986 sft, bur Gulf of only nw 12, 18 Family: Maldanidae Asychis carolinae Day, 1973 sft, tbi 7 North Carolina, Gulf of ne 125 Axiothella mucosa (Andrews, 1891) sft, tbi 0 16 Northwestern Atlantic, Gulf of ne 125 Boguea enigmatica Hartman, 1945 sft, tbi 2 88 North Carolina, Gulf of ne 122, 126 Boguella, species indet. sft, tbi 5 88 Gulf of ne 122, 126 Clymenella torquata (Leidy, 1855) sft, tbi New England to Florida, west entire 95, 125 coast of Great Britain, Gulf of Euclymene, species indet. sft, tbi 2 43 Gulf of ne 125 Macroclymene zonalis (Verrill, 1874) sft, tbi 16 New England to Florida, Gulf of ne 125 Maldane glebifex Grube, 1860 sft, tbi 1 3 Widely distributed, warm water ne 125 Maldane sarsi Malmgren, 1865 sft, tbi 0 11 Widely distributed ne 125 Praxillella, species indet. sft, tbi 16 Gulf of ne 125 Sabacos elongatus (Verrill, 1873) sft, tbi Maine to Florida, Belize, California, entire 95, 125 Gulf of Family: Opheliidae Armandia agilis (Andrews, 1891) sft North Carolina, Bahamas, Gulf of entire 95, 107 Armandia maculata (Webster, 1884) sft Bermuda, North Carolina, Gulf of entire 95, 107 Ophelia denticulata Verrill, 1875 sft Coasts of England and France, ne, sw 95, 107 Maine to North Carolina, Gulf of Ophelina acuminata Örsted, 1842 sft Widely distributed ne, sw 95, 107 Ophelina cylindricaudata (Hansen, 1878) sft Atlantic and Pacific oceans from ne, se 107 Arctic to mid- latitudes, Gulf of Polyophthalmus pictus (Dujardin, 1839) sft 0 50 Widely distributed in warm waters sw 95 Tachytrypane jeffreysii McIntosh, 1879 sft? Arctic Ocean, Greenland, Gulf of sw 95 Travisia hobsonae Santos, 1977 sft 1 30 Gulf of only ne 51 Family: Orbiniidae Califia calida Hartman, 1957 sft, bur Southern California, Gulf of nw, ne, sw 95, 97 Leitoscoloplos foliosus (Hartman, 1951) sft, bur 1 19 Gulf of only nw, ne, sw 95, 97 Leitoscoloplos fragilis (Verrill, 1873) sft, bur 1 26 Western North Atlantic, southeastern nw, ne, sw 95, 97 Atlantic, Gulf of Leitoscoloplos robustus (Verrill, 1873) sft, bur 0 14 New England to south Florida, ne, sw, se 95, 97 Gulf of Methanoaricia dendrobranchiata Blake, 2000 dps, sft 650 Gulf of only nw 4 (continued)

15 764 ~ Polychaeta (Annelida) Checklist of polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Gulf of. (continued) Naineris bicornis Hartman, 1951 sft, bur Gulf of only nw, ne, sw 95, 97 Naineris dendritica (Kinberg, 1867) sft, bur 35 Pacific Ocean from Alaska to ne 97 southern California, Gulf of Naineris grubei (Gravier, 1909) sft, bur Pacific coast of South America, off ne 97 Australia, Gulf of Naineris laevigata (Grube, 1855) sft, bur 0 14 Worldwide in tropical and subtropical nw, ne, sw 95, 97 waters Naineris setosa (Verrill, 1900) sft, bur? Bermuda, Caribbean Sea, western ne, se, sw 95, 97, Gulf of Orbinia americana Day, 1973 sft, bur North Carolina, Gulf of nw, ne, sw 95, 97 Orbinia riseri (Pettibone, 1957) sft, bur 0 35 New England to North Carolina, ne, sw 71, 95, 97 Gulf of Phylo felix Kinberg, 1866 sft, bur Widely distributed ne, sw 95, 97 Phylo ornatus (Verrill, 1873) sft, bur 0 Northeastern Atlantic, Gulf of ne 97 Proscoloplos, species indet. sft, bur Gulf of ne 97 Protoaricia oerstedii Claparède, 1864 sft, bur? Widely distributed sw 95 Scoloplos acmeceps Chamberlin, 1919 sft, bur Pacific Ocean from Alaska to nw, ne, sw 95, 97, North Carolina, Gulf of Scoloplos capensis (Day, 1961) sft, bur 15 South Africa, North Carolina, Gulf ne, sw 95, 97 of Scoloplos latum (Chamberlin, 1919) sft, bur? Pacific Panama, Gulf of sw 95 Scoloplos rubra (Webster, 1879) sft, bur 0 75 Southeastern United States entire 95, 97 Scoloplos texana Maciolek & Holland, sft, bur 3 83 Gulf of only nw, ne, sw 43, 95, Scoloplos treadwelli Eisig, 1914 sft, bur? Caribbean Sea, Gulf of sw 95 Family: Paraonidae Acmira catherinae (Laubier, 1967) sft, bur Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic coast nw, ne, sw 23, 95 of North America, Gulf of Acmira cerrutii (Laubier, 1966) sft, bur North Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean ne, sw 23, 95 Sea, Red Sea, South Africa, Gulf of Acmira cf. finitima (Strelzov, 1973) sft, bur Southern Atlantic Ocean, southern nw, ne, sw 23, 95 California, Japan, Gulf of Acmira lopezi (Berkeley & Berkeley, 1956) sft, bur North Pacific Ocean, Mediterranean ne, sw 23, 95 Sea, South Africa, Gulf of Acmira philbinae (Brown, 1976) sft, bur East coast of Florida, Gulf of ne, sw, se 6, 23, 95 Acmira simplex (Day, 1963) sft, bur South Atlantic Ocean, Antarctic, ne 23 North and Central Pacific Oceans, Gulf of Acmira taylori (Pettibone, 1965) sft, bur Gulf of only nw, ne, sw 23, 95 Allia cf. alisdairi (Hasan, 1960) sft, bur Northern Indian Ocean, Gulf of nw, ne 23 Allia bryani (Gaston & McClelland, 1995) sft, bur 1 Gulf of only ne, sw 23, 24, 95 Allia quadrilobata (Webster & Benedict, sft, bur Widely distributed ne, sw 23, ) Allia suecia (Eliason, 1920) sft, bur Widely distributed ne, sw 23, 95

16 Fauchald, Granados-Barba, and Solis-Weiss ~ 765 Checklist of polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Gulf of. (continued) Allia cf. trilobata (Imajima, 1973) sft, bur Japan, Gulf of nw, ne 23, 95 Aricidea claudiae Laubier, 1967 sft, bur? Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of sw 95 Aricidea fragilis Webster, 1879 sft, bur 5 37 Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean entire 23, 95 Sea, western Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Aricidea longicirrata Hartmann- Schröder, sft, bur? Pacific Ocean, Chile, Gulf of sw Aricidea cf. pseudoarticulata Hobson, 1972 sft, bur Southern California, Gulf of ne 23 Aricidea cf. minima Strelzov, 1973 sft, bur 11 Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, Gulf ne 23 of Arcidea cf. minuta Southward, 1956 sft, bur Northeastern Atlantic Ocean, Gulf ne 23 of Aricidea mirifica Strelzov, 1973 sft, bur? Western Pacific, Gulf of sw 95 Aricidea nolani Webster & Benedict, 1887 sft, bur? New England, Gulf of sw 95 Aricidea wassi Pettibone, 1965 sft, bur Virginia, southern California, ne, sw, se 23, 95 Japan, Gulf of Cirrophorus americanus Strelzov, 1973 sft, bur Atlantic coast of North and South nw, ne 23 America Cirrophorus armatus (Glemarec, 1966) sft, bur? Northeastern Atlantic Ocean, Gulf sw 95 of Cirrophorus branchiatus Ehlers, 1908 sft, bur Widely distributed ne, sw 23, 95 Cirrophorus cf. forticirratus Strelzov, 1973 sft, bur Coastal Pacific Ocean from nw, ne 23 California to Vietnam, Gulf of Cirrophorus cf. furcatus (Hartman, 1957) sft, bur 48 Southern California, Gulf of ne, sw 23, 95 Cirrophorus lyra (Southern, 1914) sft, bur Widely distributed nw, ne, sw 23, 95 Cirrophorus perdidoensis McClelland & sft, bur 5 7 Gulf of only ne 59 Gaston, 1994 Cirrophorus perkinsi McClelland & Gaston, sft, bur 6 7 Gulf of only ne Levinsenia gracilis (Tauber, 1879) sft, bur Widely distributed nw, ne, sw 23, 95 Levinsenia cf. multibranchiata (Hartman, sft, bur 12 California, Gulf of ne ) Levinsenia reducta (Hartman, 1965) sft, bur Atlantic Ocean off South America, nw, ne, sw 23, 95 Gulf of Paraonis fulgens (Levinsen, 1884) sft, bur 2 20 Northern Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of ne 23 Paraonis pygoenigmatica Jones, 1968 sft, bur Cape Cod to Virginia, Gulf of ne 23 Family: Questidae Novaquesta trifurcate Hobson, 1970 sft 37 Massachusetts, Gulf of ne 100 Questa caudicirra Hartman, 1966 sft 6 23 British Columbia, southern California, ne 100 Gulf of Family: Scalibregmatidae Asclerocheilus beringianus Uschakov, 1955 sft Bering Sea to Washington, Northern ne 51 Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Asclerocheilus mexicanus Kudenov, 1985 sft Gulf of only ne 54 Hyboscolex longiseta Schmarda, 1861 sft 86 South Africa, Gulf of ne 51 Hyboscolex quadricincta Kudenov, 1985 sft 1 31 Gulf of only ne 54 (continued)