Fisheries are as defined by the Sea Around Us Project 2007 database on large marine ecosystems.

Transcription

1 Fisheries are as defined by the Sea Around Us Project 2007 database on large marine ecosystems. Globally, there are 148 fisheries that are managed under variations on a management scheme called Individual Transferable Quotas (ITQs). ITQs work by allocating a dedicated percentage of a fishery s total allowable catch to individual fishermen, communities, or cooperatives. The value of shares increases when a fishery is well-managed and the fish population is abundant. ITQs are common in New Zealand, Australia, and Iceland, where this form of catch shares dates back to the 1980s. Many fisheries in the Gulf of Alaska transitioned to ITQs in the 1990s with successful results. [Please note: Costello et al. only analyzed the 121 fisheries that transitioned before 2003]

2 Fisheries Managed by Individual Transferable Quotas (ITQs) Common Name Scientific Name ITQ since Africa There are currently no large* ITQ-managed fisheries in Africa Asia There are currently no large* ITQ-managed fisheries in Asia Australia & New Zealand West-Central Australian Shelf - 1 ITQ-managed fishery. abalone Haliotis spp Southwest Australian Shelf - 2 ITQ-managed fisheries. blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus 1996 southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii 1983 Southeast Australian Shelf - 20 ITQ-managed fisheries. blue eye Hyperoglyphe antarctica 1992 blue grenadier Macruronus novaezelandiae 1992 blue warehou Seriolella brama 1992 coral ocean perch Scorpaenidae spp elephant fish (ghost shark) Callorhinchus milii 2000 flathead Platycephalidae 1992 gemfish Rexea solandri 1992 green rock lobster Jasus verreauxi 1994 John dory Zeus faber 1992 mirror dory Zenopsis nebulosus 1992 morwong Nemadactylus macropterus 1992 nannygal (redfish) Centroberyx affinis 1992 orange roughy Hoplostethus atlanticus 1992 pink ling Genypterus blacodes 1992 red prawn Haliporoides spp rock lobster (Southern zone) Jasus edwardsii 1993 sawshark Pristiophorus spp spotted warehau Seriolella punctata 1992 white trevally Pseudocaranx dentex 1992 whiting Sillaginidae spp New Zealand Shelf - 68 fisheries. oreo (2 species) Oreosomatidae spp alfonsino (2 species) Beryx spp anchovy Engraulidae 2002 Snoek (aka barracouta) Thyrsites atun 1986 bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus 2004 blue cod Parapercis colias 1986 blue mackerel Scomber australasicus 2002 blue moki Latridae spp blue shark Prionace glauca 2004 blue warehau Seriolella brama 1986 bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii 2004 bluenose Hyperoglyphe antarctica 1986

3 New Zealand Shelf (continued)- 68 ITQ-managed fisheries. butterfish Stromateidae spp cardinalfish Epigonus telescopus 1998 dark ghost shark Hydrolagus novaezealandiae 1998 dredge oysters Ostrea lutaria 1996 elephant fish Callorhinchus milii 1986 flatfish Pleuronectiformes 1986 flatfish Rhombosolea spp frostfish Lepidopus caudatus 1998 gemfish Rexea solandri 1986 green-lipped mussel Perna canaliculus 2004 hapuku/wreckfish Polyprion oxygeneios 1986 hake Merluccius australis 1986 hoki Macruronus novaezelandiae 1986 jack mackerel Trachurus declivis 1987 jack mackerel Trachurus spp john dory Zeus faber 1986 kahawai Arripis trutta 2004 kingfish Seriola spp ling Genypterus blacodes 1986 lookdown dory Cyttus traversi 2004 mako shark Isurus oxyrinchus 2004 moonfish Lampris guttatus 2004 morwong Nemadactylus spp mullet Mugilidae spp orange roughy Hoplostethus atlanticus 1986 pale ghost shark Hydrolagus 1999 parore Girella tricuspidata 2004 paua Haliotis 1987 pilchard Sardinops sagax 2002 pipi Paphies australis 2004 porbeagle shark Lamna nasus 2004 queen scallop Zygochlamys delicatula 2002 ray's bream Brama brama 2004 red cod Pseudophycis bachus 1986 red gurnard Chelidonichthys kumu 1986 red rock lobster Jasus edwardsii 1990 red snapper Centroberyx affinis 2004 ribaldo Mora moro 1998 rig Mustelus lenticulatus 1986 rock lobster Jasus verreauxi 1990 scallop Pecten novaezelandiae 1992 scallops Pectinidae spp scampi Metanephrops challengeri 2004 shark Galeorhinus galeus 1986 silver warehou Seriolella punctata 1986 snapper Chrysophrys auratus 1986 trevally Pseudocaranx dentex 1986 white warehou Seriolella caerulea 1998 yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares 2004 snow crab Chionoecetes 2005

4 Europe There are currently no large* ITQ-managed fisheries in Europe Iceland Iceland Shelf - 23 ITQ-managed fisheries. Atlantic cod Gadus morhua 1991 capelin Mallotus villosus 1980 catfish Anarhichas lupus 1984 dab Limanda limanda 1990 deepwater redfish Sebastes mentella 1984 Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides 1984 haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus 1984 herring Clupea harengus 1975 lemon sole Microstomus kitt 1990 ling Molva molva 2001 lobster Nephrops norvegicus 1984 long rough dab Hippoglossoides platessoides 1990 monkfish Lophius piscatorius 2001 plaice Pleuronectes platessus 1984 redfish Sebastes marinus 1984 redfish Sebastes spp saithe Pollachius virens 1984 scallop Chlamys islandica 1990 shrimp Pandalus borealis 1988 tusk Brosme brosme 2001 whiting Merlangius merlangus 1990 whiting Micromesistius poutassou 1990 witch Glyptocephalus cynoglossus 1990 North America West Coast East Bering Sea - 4 ITQ-managed fisheries. blue king crab Paralithodes platypus 2005 golden king crab Lithodes aequispina 2005 red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus 2005 snow crab Chionoecetes spp Gulf of Alaska - 14 ITQ-managed fisheries. canary rockfish Sebastes pinniger 1997 dover sole Microstomus pacificus 1997 English Sole Parophrys vetula 1997 geoduck Panopea abrupta 1989 lingcod Ophiodon elongatus 1997 Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus 1997 Pacific halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis 1991 petrale sole Eopsetta jordani 1997 pollock Theragra chalcogramma 1999 red & green urchin Strongylocentrotus spp sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria 1990 shortspine thornyhead Sebastolobus alascanus 1997 widow rockfish Sebastes entomelas 1997 yellowtail rockfish Sebastes flavidus 1997

5 North America West Coast (continued) California Current - 1 ITQ-managed fishery. whiting Merluccius productus 1995 North America East Coast Scotian Shelf - 5 ITQ-managed fisheries. cod Gadus morhua 1991 flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus 1995 haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus 1991 pollock Pollachius virens 1991 redfish Sebastes 1991 Southeast U.S. Continental Shelf - 3 ITQ-managed fisheries. ocean quahog Arctica islandica 1990 sea clams Spisula solidissima 1990 wreckfish Polyprion americanus 1992 Gulf of Mexico - 1 ITQ-managed fishery. red snapper Lutjanus campechanus 2006 Central America There are currently no large* ITQ-managed fisheries in Central America South America Humboldt Current - 6 ITQ-managed fisheries. anchovy Engraulis ringens 2001 black hake Dissostichus eleginoides 1993 common sardine Clupea bentincki 2001 jack mackerel Trachurus symmetricus 2001 squat lobster Cervimunida johni 1992 yellow prawn Pleuroncodes monodon 1997