Insect, Weed and Overseeding Management for Wendy Gelernter Ph.D.

Transcription

1 Insect, Weed and Overseeding Management for 2005 Wendy Gelernter Ph.D.

2 2005: A banner year for CDFA 5/3: Trimmit registered 5/11: Revolver registered 5/12: Velocity registered A new world of Poa management?

3 TRIMMIT 2 SC (paclobutrazole) Registered in CA 5/3/05 to Syngenta Signal word: Caution Labeled on: greens, tees, fairways, roughs and almost all turf types (not kikuyu) Turf safety: some reversible discoloration of bent and rye Temperature requirements: Best during moderately warm weather (spring and fall) when cool-season turf is actively growing

4 Trimmit 2 SC: What it Does Type II GA inhibitor (similar to Primo) Regulates growth on all turf types, but poa is most sensitive Effects seen 1-2 weeks after treatment; lasts 3 to 8 wks

5 Trimmit 2SC on bentgrass greens 6.4 oz 16 oz/a ( oz/a) 2-3 applications, spring and fall, 3-4 wks apart New greens with low Poa infestations optimal Multiple years required for control Best performance inland where bentgrass is more competitive Some discoloration of bentgrass may occur

6 Trimmit 2SC on bentgrass green Poppy Ridge GC, Livermore, CA Photo courtesy Mark Mahady and Syngenta

7 The Bridges at Rancho Santa Fe Mike Hathaway CGCS and Bill Ousterhout, superintendents Trimmit applied once to G6 collars to evaluate phytotoxicity: 3/7/05 68F air temp 61 soil temp Low rate 0.23 oz/1000 sq ft

8 The Bridges, 4 weeks after treatment Thinning and discoloration of turf

9 The Bridges, 4 weeks after treatment No treatment Trimmit

10 Trimmit on overseeded fairways for Poa control Begin applications at 85% rye cover (~December) 3 4 monthly applications at 8-10 oz/a Primo Maxx (13 22 oz/a) at first mow

11 Trimmit on overseeded turf Shady Canyon CC David Major CGCS, superintendent Trimmit applied twice to overseeded tee, fairway and rough plots and to A4 bentgrass greens and collars: 5/10/05 69F air temp 69 soil temp 5/30/05 77F air temp 82 soil temp 0.23 oz/1000 sq ft (10 oz/a)

12 Shady Canyon Fairway 14 Decreased turf quality after 2 applications No treatment Trimmit No treatment Trimmit Turf quality /30/05 6/20/05 Applied 5/10 and 5/30/05

13 Fairway 14 Trimmit 0.23 oz/ % Poa No treatment 35% Poa 5/10/05

14 Fairway 14 Trimmit 0.23 oz/ % Poa No treatment 35% Poa 5/30/05 (20 days after 1 st trt)

15 Fairway 14 No treatment 45% Poa Trimmit 0.23 oz/ % Poa 6/20/05 (41 days after 1 st trt)

16 Shady Canyon Tee 14 Decreased turf quality after 2 applications 320 No treatment No treatment Trimmit Trimmit Turf quality /30/05 6/20/05 Applied 5/10 and 5/30/05

17 Tee 6/20/05

18 Tee 14, 6/20/05

19 Tee 14, 6/20/05

20 Driving Range 6/20 after 1 application made 5/30/05

21 Where is the damage occurring: Poa or rye/bermudagrass? No treatment No treatment Trimmit Turf quality Trimmit 0 Poa Rye/Bermuda Shady Canyon driving range, 6/20/05. Applied 0.23 oz/1000 5/30/05

22 Turf quality considerations Decreased turf quality should be expected, especially if poa > 5% Due primarily to Poa injury Some discoloration and thinning also seen on bent and overseeded bermuda Can be partly mitigated with N and Fe and by treating only healthy, actively growing turf

23 Conclusions Start with lower rates (0.18 oz/1000 sq ft) and increase if necessary on monthly schedule Water in within 24 hours Will regulate other warm- and cool-season turf, though not as heavily Mixtures with other growth regulators: Primo: not recommended, esp on greens Embark: OK Proxy: separate applications by 7 days

24 VELOCITY (bispyribac( bispyribac) Registered: in CA 5/12/05 to Valent Signal word: Caution What it does: A sulfonylurea that controls Poa (annua and trivialis) but is safe for ryegrass Labeled on: bent, rye, dormant bermuda tees and fairways Not labeled on: greens Turf safety: Safe on dormant bermuda Kikuyu, paspalum unknown Temp. requirements: Best at 55F 80F (??!!**)

25 Velocity (bispyribac) Bent and rye can be temporarily injured Injury is chlorosis of leaf tissue Yellow Flash Appears within 4-7 days Dissipates within 7-14 days Currently no known way to mask injury

26 Turfgrass Tolerance to Velocity Ryegrass Bentgrass Fescue tall to fine Kentucky bluegrass Poa trivialis Poa annua Tolerant Less Tolerant

27 Poa control on overseeded fairways, 2004 Velocity rate oz/a Interval (days) Pelican Hill TPC Valencia Desert Princess % Avg Control bc 90 ab 70 a a 95 ab 63 a c 93 ab 66 a a 96 ab 74 a 89

28 Poa control on overseeded fairways, 2004 Velocity Rate oz/a Interval (days) Pelican Hill TPC Valencia Desert Princess % Avg Control bc 90 ab 70 a a 95 ab 63 a c 93 ab 66 a a 96 ab 74 a oz/a during winter

29 Pelican Hill, Newport Coast CA March 23, 2004

30 Other weeds controlled by Velocity Chickweed Clover (large hop, white) Dandelion (seedling) Henbit Lawn burweed Plantain Swinecress Yellow nutsedge (seedling) Also does a good job of suppressing dollar spot

31 REVOLVER (foramsulfuron( foramsulfuron) Registered: in CA 5/11/05 to Bayer Signal word: Caution Labeled on: greens, tees, fairways, roughs Turf safety: Safe on dormant and non-dormant bermuda Mild yellowing of paspalum Dramatic yellowing of kikuyugrass Temperature requirements: Non-overseeded bermuda: any time Overseeded bermuda: a more complicated story

32 Morgan Run GC, 2003 Kevin Kienast, superintendent A sulfonylurea herbicide transition accelerator that removes rye and poa from bermudagrass

33 The fly in the ointment: timing 6/5/02: 15 DAT (applied at 25% bermuda cover)

34 6/21/02: 31 DAT

35 7/19/02: 45 DAT

36 Maximizing the benefits while minimizing the risks: 1. OPTIMAL APPLICATION TIMING When >50% growth potential for warmseason turf is reached (avg air temps>73 for prolonged period) When bermuda cover is >80% When the 100 day guideline is met (100 days between rye removal and overseeding date)

37 Optimal application timing for transition accelerators based on temperatures, warm-season growth potential and time until overseeding Predicted in Average year Desert Inland Coast April 15-May 15 June 1-15 July 1 Aug 1* * some yellowing and bare spots should be expected

38 Cathedral City, CA (desert) CIMIS 188 Accumulated warm season growth % bermuda 4/28/ /1 3/29 4/26 5/24 6/21

39 Riverside, CA (inland) CIMIS 44 Accumulated warm season growth % bermuda cover 6/12/ /1 3/15 3/29 4/12 4/26 5/10 5/24 6/7

40 Santa Monica, CA (Coast) CIMIS Accumulated warm season growth % bermuda cover 0 3/1 3/15 3/29 4/12 4/26 5/10 5/24 6/7

41 Optimal application timing for transition accelerators Desert Inland Coast Predicted in Average year April 15-May 15 June 1-15 July 1 Aug 1* 2005 April 28 June 12 Not there yet * some yellowing and bare spots should be expected on the Coast, in shady or stressed areas

42 Decreased risk of yellowing and bare spots 1. Optimal timing 2. Lower (half) rates: 0.2 oz/1000 for Revolver 3. Multi year program 4. Baby the bermuda Gentler renovations, lower seeding rates Gradually decrease mowing heights in spring to kick start bermuda growth Push N (1/2 lb N/1000 sq ft/14 days) starting 4 wks before application Don t withhold water

43 Putting it all together: sample Poa management programs Bentgrass greens Product oz/1000 sq f Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Trimmit bensulide 4.7 (a.i.) Proxy/Primo* 5.0 / *only if Poa populations are high enough Limit soil P to 20 ppm Assumes a San Diego climate; application timings will vary in other locations

44 Putting it all together: sample Poa management programs Non-overseeded bermudagrass fairways Product rate/a Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Dimension EC 2 qts Barricade 65 WG 0.75 lb Revolver 17.4 oz as needed for rye, poa, goosegrass control; 3 apps/yr max Assumes a San Diego climate; application timings will vary in other locations

45 Putting it all together: sample Poa management programs Overseeded bermudagrass fairways Product rate/a Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Dimension EC 2 qts Barricade 65 WG 0.75 lb Trimmit 8-10 oz Primo Maxx oz Proxy* 1.7 ga Revolver oz for rye, poa spring transition; for timing see table above 1.3 oz or 0.5 use as needed for post-emergent control of "escapes"; bermuda must Velocity or Prograss ga be dormant *only if Poa populations are high enough assumes an overseeding date of Oct. 1 Assumes a San Diego climate; application timings will vary in other locations

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47 Grub watch Black turfgrass ataenius Masked chafers 1 generation/year eggs laid July 3-4 generations/year eggs laid May - November

48 Timing of Merit applications for 2005 Coast Inland Desert* BTA 6/15-7/15 6/15-6/30 5/1 6/1; 7/1 8/1 Chafers 6/15-8/1 6/15-7/15 5/1 7/1 *split applications may be necessary

49 For problem BTA locations Talstar (bifenthrin) applied when BTA adults first appear in large numbers (May June): controls adults and limits egg laying Merit application late June/early July for 3 months of control of newly hatched grubs

50 ALLECTUS Pre-mix insecticide of imidacloprid (Merit) plus bifenthrin (Talstar) Marketed by Bayer Not yet registered in CA Signal word: Caution (restricted use; sale and use only to Certified Applicators or people under their supervision) Controls above-ground and below-ground insects

51 ARENA Arena Active ingredient: clothiandin In the same chemical family as imidacloprid (Merit), but some caterpillar acitvity Federal registration in January, 2005; not registered in CA Marketed by Arvesta Signal word: Caution White grubs, billbugs, sod webworms

52 Allectus controls above- and belowground insects Caterpillars Billbug adults Black turfgrass ataenius adults

53 Allectus controls above- and belowground insects Caterpillars Billbug adults Black turfgrass ataenius adults Billbugs larvae White grubs

54 Allectus Fit in California depends on your situation: Billbugs: late April/early May application will kill adults aboveground and larvae in plant and soil Black turfgrass ataenius: late spring application for adults will provide 3 months of control of grubs Perennial cutworm and grub problems

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