MASTER PLAN OF SOUTH KHAIRBARI RESCUE CENTRE, DIST -ALIPUR DUAR (WEST BENGAL)

Transcription

1 MASTER PLAN OF SOUTH KHAIRBARI RESCUE CENTRE, DIST -ALIPUR DUAR (WEST BENGAL) to Govt. of West Bengal Department of Forests West Bengal Zoo Authority KB-19, Salt Lake City 1

2 Sector-III, Kolkata

3 3

4 I N D E X PART-I Chapter -1 Page No Introduction History Vision Mission Strategy Objectives Physical features Flora and Fauna in zoo premises Climate Temperature Humidity Seasons Rainfall Approach Demography Legal status of the land Sources and Pollution 8 Chapter -2 Appraisal of present arrangements and constraints 2.1. Animal Sections Veterinary Section Store & feed supply Sanitation Section 13 4

5 2.5. Maintenance Security Section Water supply Section Disposal of solid & liquid water Sewerage Visitors amenities Gardens and Lawns Toilets Approach road Entry gate & Ticket counter Restaurant, Food stall and kiosk Parking area Store house Treatment room Post mortem room Animal collection plan General zoo administration section Research Conservation breeding Education & Awareness Accommodation of staff Administrative office Power supply 20 Chapter Future Objective Objectives Theme Mission statement Strategies Achieving the stated objectives 23 5

6 Chapter Future Action Plan Animal Section Master layout plan of the zoo Arrangement of Display Veterinary Section Store and feed supply facility Sanitation section Water arrangements Power supply section Security section Visitor amenities Education & awareness Research Rescue and Rehabilitation Administrative building Staff quarters 36 Chapter Personnel Planning Staff pattern in the Zoo Animal Section Veterinary Section Sanitation Section Security Section Lawns and garden Section 39 6

7 Chapter 6 6. Disaster Management Assessment of risk Training for disaster preparedness Fire control Flood control Law and order break down Feed supply in case of strike 43 Chapter 7 7. Contingency plan Animal rescued from wild Escape of animals from enclosures Monkey and dog menace Arrangement of food in case of strike (non -supply by contractor) Snake bite Visitors getting injured/ visitors falling inside enclosure Fighting among animals Epidemics Breakdown of power supply etc Free ranging animals / Feral animal menace 48 Chapter 8 8. Capacity building Keepers training Training of Zoo Management Training for Veterinary officers and staffs 50 7

8 Chapter 9 9. E-governance 51 Chapter Broad budget analysis for implementing the plan 52 Chapter Annexure to the Master plan: 53 Annexure I : Master Layout plan depicting the present set up. (in separate sheet) 54 (Map -1) (Map -2) (Map -3) (Map -4) (Map -5) 54 (a) 54 (b) 54 (c) 54 (d) 54 (e) Annexure II : Existing animal collection plan (inventory list as on ) 55 Annexure III : Naturally plant (Flora) species 57 Annexure IV : Free living animal (Fauna) 59 Annexure V : List of buildings other than animal enclosure 63 Annexure VI : Broad Budget Statement for the proposed work in the Plan 64 Annexure VII : Day to Day maintenance / Maintenance (for the year ) 65 8

9 Annexure VIII : Copy of recognition of the Central Zoo Authority 66 Part I Chapter Introduction The Central Zoo Authority, Ministry of Environment, forests and Climate Change, Govt. of India formed/established the South Khairbari Rescue Centre in 2005 through the Directorate of Forests, Govt. of West Bengal for rehabilitation of lions, tigers, leopards, bears and monkey rescued from circuses (due to ban on their display/performance in the ciscuses). North Bengal is very rich in wildlife. There are 5 National Parks, 5 Wildlife Sanctuaries, One Tiger Reserve and One Elephant Reserve in North Bengal. In spite of regular monitoring of the animals in the protected areas and outside, occasionally wild animals stray out of the forests and enter into the human habitations. The villagers try to drive out these animals from their surroundings. Sometimes the strayed animals are injured due to human animals conflicts. More over the large cats especially leopard are spending more and more of their time in tea gardens. During leaf plucking and other activities the animals have to leave the areas or driven out by the laborers. Sometimes mothers with very small babies have to run away leaving the babies on the spot. There are incidences of workers rescuing these babies and handing over the same to the forest personals for care. Laying of trap cages to capture leopards from tea gardens and other areas is regular feature in North Bengal. So for rescue and rehabilitation of these rescued, seized, orphaned, injured or old animals a proper facility is badly required in North Bengal. 9

10 Accordingly the facility presently is being used for housing the large cats particularly the leopards in an area of 5.30 Ha. in South Khairbari, forests of Alipur Duar District in West Bengal. As per the Recognition of Zoo Rules, 2009, it is a mandatory to prepare a long term Master Plan and Master (Lay out) Plan for its development. Accordingly, Master Plan and Master (Lay out) Plan have been prepared as per the format developed by the Central Zoo Authority. The development programme in this master plan is designed only by following the well defined steps as enunciated in the guidelines formulated by Central Zoo Authority (CZA) to crater the theme of coordinated development. The South Khairbari Rescue Centre has been recognized as a Rescue Centre as a Mini Category Zoo under section 38H of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 up to 30 th September, 2015 by the Central Zoo Authority vide letter no. F No /2004- CZA (462) (M) 3635 dt subject to fulfillment of some conditions (ANNEXURE-V). 1.2 History The area now under South Khairbari Rescue Centre was previously a highly degraded forest with a legal status of a Reserve Forest. Large tracts of once wooded land got cleared due to illicit felling, cattle grazing, forest fires and collection of other non-timber forest produce. Around the Forest Department thought of developing the site as an Eco-tourism spot. With the involvement of local people and the local political leadership, the ultimate outcome was the establishment of a Leopard Rescue & Rehabilitation facility (as transit facility) Centre which was opened on November, Simultaneously establishment of barrack, Construction 10

11 of bridge and connecting path and entrance gate were undertaken. In the year of 2005, a central facility for rescued tigers and lions from various circuses was opened. In 2008 the leopard centre was opened and rescue leopards were shifted from Madarihat to South Khairbari Rescue Centre. It is a mini category zoo as recognised by the Central Zoo Authority and is located in the district of Jalpaiguri (now Alipur duar) of West Bengal, Sub-Division: Alipure duar, Block: Falakata, Panchyat: Deogaon. It is situated at Lat N and Long E. at an elevation of 72m. 1.3 Vision: To provide life time care facility for captive/captured/seized/orphaned/old/diseased large cats. A rewildification unit shall also be made operation to prepare the rescued animal for releases in the wild. 1.4 Mission: To act as a center for receiving ill, injured, seized and orphaned animals from North Bengal for temporary shelter, treatment and release of the same in wild subject to availability of suitable habitat or otherwise scientific upkeep with strict adherence to the guidelines framed for the purpose. 1.5 Strategy To house the wounded and orphaned, aged large cats from the North Bengal. To provide treatment and upkeep of health care of the animals. 11

12 To ensure standard animal health care as an off display enclosure i.e. to keep the animals away from the visitors. On health recovery, to rehabilate those in a suitable habitat after carrying out feasibility study. To provide shelter and care of the rescued tiger from various circuses. 1.6 Objectives To provide a larger, near natural habitat for better living for rescued animals from circuses. To ensure high standard of animal health and hygiene and expert veterinary care. To take proper nursing of the litters of leopard / orphaned creatures. 1.7 Physical features Topography The topography of the land is more or less flat and the elevation varies between 70 to 75 m above mean-sea-level. The direction of flow of water is from north to south. There is a small river named as Buri Torsha running from northern to eastern boundary of the centre Geology The area is mainly represented by slit and clay without much gravel or boulder and constitutes the flat plains. Bhabar formation is represented by loose gravels, boulders and river 12

13 deposits that are highly variable in composition and texture. This is also known as older alluvium and demarcation of distinct clay bed cannot be made. Except during monsoon, the formation is apparently devoid of water and the streams carrying volume of water disappear in the porous structure of the formation and reappear towards south in the form of springs Rock and Soil The soil with medium texture is of alluvial in nature i.e. mainly represented by silt and clay without much gravel or boulder. The area where the centre is situated is almost flat. Elevation is approx. 72m above MSL. Sub-surface data indicate that clay is mixed in varying proportion. The direction of water flow is from north to east could be classified as Fine-silty, Mixed, Hypothermic, imperfectly drained with moderate permeability. No major rock is found in the area. Most of the area is covered with loose sand and gravel and there is immense potentiality for the development of g round water in the region. 1.8 Flora and Fauna in Zoo premises Flora (Existing):- Details are provided in ANNEXURE-III Fauna (free living):- Details are provided in ANNEXURE-IV Existing Fauna (in captivity) as on

14 Sl. No. Common name Scientific name Total no. Approved by CZA Remark Panthera pardus 30 nos. 1 Leopard (Linnaeus, 1758) 9, 4 2 Tiger Panthera tigris 3, 2 (Linnaeus, 1758) 1.9. Climate South- west monsoon is the main source of rainfall. Maximum rainfall occurs from mid June to September. July and August are wettest months. March receives maximum of winter rain. December is the driest month with minimum rainfall. Pre-monsoon showers or thundershowers accompanied by hail occur in the months of April and May. The average annual rainfall is recorded about 380 cm. Now the monsoons have been somewhat irregular. From November to February, nights are very cold with much frost and dew and in low lying areas often a dense fog persists till after 9.00 am. From March to the onset of monsoon, fog and frost are absent but dew is deposited until April. The wind blows pleasantly over the foothills during September to October, but hot wind blows up the foothills during April to June. The air becomes dry with dust frequently interrupted by the thunderstorms. Severe storms sometimes accompanied by hail occur almost every year especially in the months of April and May and sometimes in September and October. There is no record of severe drought in the adjoining areas. 14

15 1.10. Temperature The tract lies in the moist tropical zone. The average day temperature varies from 10 C to 21 C during November to February, 27 C to 37 C during May to September and rest of the year temperature varies from 24 C to 27 C. January is the coldest month with temperature dropping down to as low as 10 C. June is the hottest month with mean daily maximum temperature of 36.5 C and mean daily minimum temperature of 26.5 C Humidity The centre remains adequately humid throughout the year as it is located in the foothills of outer Himalaya. Maximum humidity varies between 80% to 95% during June to September and is seldom below 75% during December to February Seasons Summer season is observed during April to June. July to September is wettest period. October to mid-november is observed as post-monsoon season. Winter is observed during November to February. December is the driest month with minimum rainfall. March receives maximum of winter rain. Heavy rainfall is observed from June to beginning of October on the onset of south-west monsoon. 15

16 1.13. Rainfall The average annual rainfall is recorded about 382 cm. South- west monsoon is the main source of rainfall. Maximum rainfall occurs from mid June to September. March receives maximum of winter rain. Pre-monsoon showers or thundershowers accompanied by hall occur in the months of April and May. The rainfall generally increases from the south-west to northeast regions. Now the monsoons have been somewhat irregular Approach The South Khairbari Rescue Centre is located 13 km away from nearest township Madarihat, which is the nearest railway station also. It is well connected with Siliguri -125km, Jalpaiguri- 80km, Cooch Behar- 70km, Alipur duar- 60km and Falakata-15km by road which are the important cities around. The nearest Airport is Bagdogra at a distance of 150km Demography The South Khairbari is a rescue centre and no visitors are permitted to enter the centre Legal Status of the land The South Khairbari Rescue Centre comes under the jurisdiction of Alipur Duar District, Falakata Block under Deogaon Gram Panchayat. It is under the control of the Divisional Forest 16

17 Officer, Jaldapara Wildlife Division, Head Quar- coochbehar as per Notification of Govt. of West Bengal Sources of pollution There is no record of pollution in the centre. However, there are a few minor pollution sources in the surrounding South Khairbari Rescue Eco-park. Occasional dumping of solid wastes like plastic pouches, water pouches, pan masala pouches etc. by the visitors to in nearby Eco- Park is evident. However, stringent enforcement of the rules like restriction in taking food items, plastic bottles, polythene bags etc. is implied. No other pollution sources have been identified, however composting of leftover food particles stubs is proposed. 17

18 Chapter 2 2. APPRAISAL OF PRESENT ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRAINTS 2.1 Animal section: At present the South Khairbari Rescue Centre has following enclosures in which animals are kept Large Cats rescue centre enclosure This enclosure has a total area of 1.3 ha circular area to house the rescued leopards and tigers. There are presently 5 tigers and 13 leopards in this enclosure. The entire area of 1.30 Ha. is fenced with chain link fencing of 5 mt height. There are 25 night shelters and 10 nos. of open paddock. Alternating to the night shelters there are 5 nos. of squeeze cages for the treating the sick animals. The enclosure/ rescue centre has two blocks i. e. Eastern and Western blocks. In front of each night shelter, there is open air enclosure for the rescued / wounded tigers or leopards in near natural habitat for their better living. One three storied tower is situated within the enclosure which serves the twin purpose of being a watch tower and an over-head tank Leopard Rewildification Centre: The Leopard rewildification centre is of around of 4 ha area. The centre is well constructed with the 4m height chain link fencing with steel plate (60 angle from vertical) on all 18

19 sides. At present there are 2 leopards released in this centre. The centre has one night shelter also for the leopards on the north eastern side of the safari. Interior of the centre is full of plants, weeds and grasses making a good habitat for the lesser cats. General appraisal of the facilities available in the Zoo 1) Uninterrupted water supply is available to rescued animals. One permanent water reservoirs exist within the centre. Water is stored from the tube well also. 2) Sanitary facilities well maintained 3) Sitting arrangement at rest sheds is available 4) Standard cages for the existing animals are available. 5) Veterinary facilities for the rescued / wounded / orphan animals are available through Veterinary Officer, Jaldapara National Park, Madarihat or from State Veterinary Deptt. Govt. of West Bengal as and when required 6) Zookeepers are there to take care of the animals. 7) Mobile network is available. No trained staff for tranquilization of animals and transponder based animal marking devices available at the centre. There are transportation cages for the animals for translocation in case of emergency. 19

20 2.1.3 Staff engaged: One full time zoo Supervisor assists the Director (DFO, Jaldapara Wildlife Division) in day to day management of the centre. Animal section has been looked after by the following staff: 1. Zoo Keeper : Two 2. Animal Attendant : Two Total: Four Manpower engaged in the South Khairbari Rescue Centre, Jalpaiguri (now Alipur Duar) is shown in details at Chapter- V. 2.2 Veterinary Section No dedicated veterinary section available in the centre. Veterinary Officer, Jaldapara Wildlife Division stationed at Madarihat has the responsibility of health and hygiene of the captive animals at this centre. At times of emergencies locally available veterinary doctors from ARDD departments are engaged to meet the requirements. Veterinary medicines may be available either at Madarihat or at Birpara towns. Some of the emergency medicines are also stored at the centre / enclosure. 20

21 2.3 Store and Feed Supply Section This is the important section as far as animal diet is concerned. The clean and safe diet goes a long way in maintaining the health and upkeep of animals. Food store-cum-kitchen has been established on the south western bridge. Outside agencies supply the feed requirements which are stored temporarily at the centre. Quality and quantity of food is regularly checked by zoo supervisor and occasionally by the Veterinary Officer, Jaldapara National Park. 2.4 Sanitation Section A good Rescue Centre / zoo is certainly one, which has also made provisions for good sanitation facilities. Regular drainage for regular discharge of effluent is a must. Hygiene of the enclosures and zoo surroundings is ensured throughout, to prevent diseases to the animals. Better sanitation takes care of the health of the animals. Well defined drainage system is provided in leopard and Tiger night shelters. Enclosure wise sanitary drainage has been put in place but there is no dedicated sanitation section. One bone collection unit has been set up near the rescue centre. This section is dealt with the sanitary attendant under the supervision of the Zoo Supervisor and other staff. 21

22 Staff has already obtained training recently from the Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological park (PNHZP), Darjeeling for ensuring hygiene of captive animals Staff engaged ; 1. Sanitation Attendant : One 2.5 Maintenance Section Various maintenance works are being looked after by the Zoo Supervisor along with other staff. If necessary, outside agency is engaged for specific purpose. The arrangement of water for staff and leopard enclosure is ensured by electric pumping system. 2.6 Security Section Boundary/wall/fencing has been constructed all around the Rescue Centre and rewildification unit. The animal enclosures are fenced by chain link from the bottom with barbed wire fencing on the top. Two numbers of watch towers have been added to augment the security of the centre. A night vigil is kept by security guards. Adjoining Forest Protection Committee Members are also being engaged for further security aspect. 22

23 2.6.1 Staff engaged in this section: 1. Security Personals : Four nos. Total : 4 nos. 2.7 Water Supply Section For staffs and leopard enclosure, an overhead tank has been set up which draws water from a ring well fitted with submersible pump for the rescue centre. Similarly one overhead tank fed by tube well takes care of leopard safari. 2.8 Disposal of Solid and Liquid Waste For food residues, bones and faecal material, there are separate places. One number of Bone Collection Unit and three numbers of ring wells have been provided for disposal of faecal matters. The bones so collected are disposed of by way of selling. 2.9 Visitors Amenities As it is a Rescue Centre, the animals are not to be displayed to the visitors, so there is no need of providing any amenities to the visitors Gardens and Lawns Around 0.4 ha of land just next to the entrance was developed as garden 23

24 Staff engaged: Garden Attendant : One Toilets One toilet already exists. Another toilet is required to be constructed at the entrance Approach Road One approach road from the entrance encircling the rescue enclosure is in place Entry gate & Ticket counter As it is a Rescue Centre, the animals are not to be displayed to the visitors, so there is no requirement of ticket counter in the centre. Only there is an entry gate at the eastern side of the centre just at the end of the bridge constructed over the river as depicted in the lay out plan Staff engaged : Staff of the Security section is monitoring the entry gate, as this gate is mainly used by the staff of the centre only. 24

25 2.14 Restaurant, food stall and kiosk As it is a Rescue Centre, so there is no need of providing any such amenities Parking Area As it is a Rescue Centre, the animals are not to be displayed to the visitors, so there is no need of providing any such facilities Store House : A store room is on the western side of the centre adjacent to the office Treatment Room : The treatment room is at the western side of the centre just adjacent to the store Post-mortem Room : There is a post-mortem room at the Northern- western side of the centre, but renovation of the room is required Animal Collection Plan: There is fixed collection plan of animals for the centre as per CZA s approval and accordingly collection plan is drawn. Rescued animals are kept temporarily in the centre as per 25

26 the advice of the higher authority General Zoo Administration Section: The Divisional Forest Officer, Jaldapara Wildlife Division is the Ex-Officio Director, South Khairbari Rescue Centre. The Director is looking after all the administration of the zoo and he is assisted by the 11 nos. of zoo staff. The present organizational structure is as follows:- Divisional Forest Officer, Jaldapara Wildlife Division & Ex-Officio Director, South Khairbari Rescue Centre Zoo Supervisor (1 no) Animal Section Security Section Sanitary Section Garden Section 1. Zoo Keeper : 2 2. Animal Attendant : 2 Sanitary Attendant: 1 Garden Attendant: 1 Security Personals: 4 26

27 2.21 Research: At present there is no research programme in the zoo. However, in future research programme may be undertaken in collaboration with the nearby colleges, if permitted. However, the zoo keepers are making notes on different aspects viz., health status, biological behaviour, social behaviour, reproductive behaviour of the rescued leopards and tigers in their diary, daily report, inventory registers etc. and submit the same to the higher authority for further analysis Conservation Breeding As it is a Rescue Centre, so there is no such programme conducted in the centre Education and Awareness: As it is a Rescue Centre, the animals are not to be displayed to the public, so there is no scope to conduct such programme in the centre Accommodation of Staff Two barracks for the field staffs of the centre s staff and one Zoo Supervisor quarters are at the western side of the centre as depicted in the master lay out plan. 27

28 2.25 Administrative Office An administrative building has been established to keep all the records viz., Keepers Dairy, Animal History Card, Inventory register and other documents related with the management of the rescued centre. An office room is at western side of the centre near to the Zoo supervisor quarter Power supply Power is provided through electric supply. 28

29 Part I Chapter 3 3. Future objective including vision, mission statement/ theme and strategy The South Khairbari Rescue Centre was established for taking care of rescued leopard and rescued tigers from different circus. The wounded / old or orphaned leopard are also are given shelter in this centre for treatment. On health recovery, they are supposed to be released in the wild subject to feasibility study. 3.1 Objectives To rehabilitate the rescued tigers/lions/leopards of different circus and subsequently exchange with other zoological Parks and rehabilitation of suitable endangered species in the wild with strict adherence to the guidelines framed for the purpose. Research and scientific study on animal behavior, diseases and control, feed and nutrition and reproductive biology. The knowledge so gained can be made use of in management of wildlife. To gather knowledge and experience on management of captive animals by the staff handling the animals including veterinary officer To rescue and rehabilitate of the large cats in North Bengal. 29

30 3.2 Theme It is a rescue centre and all the rescued animals are not displayed to the visitors. 3.3 Mission Statement To act as a centre for receiving ill, injured, seized and orphaned large cats of North Bengal and it s vicinity for temporary shelter, treatment and release the same in the wild subject to availability of suitable habitat or otherwise scientific upkeep with strict adherence to the guidelines framed for the purpose. 3.4 Achieving the stated objectives: The strategies to achieve the goals will be through housing the rescued /wounded / aged /orphaned animals for temporary shelter, treatment and release the same in the wild. The above objective can be achieved by:- Providing a larger, near natural habitat for better living for circus rescued old animals. Keeping the animals in a pleasant /aesthetic natural setting in conformity with their near natural habitat, behavior and biological needs. Ensuring high standard of animal health and hygiene and expert veterinary care. 30

31 Chapter 4 4. Future action plan The aim of the future action plan is to provide suggestion for development of the South Khairbari Rescue Centre, Dist. Jalpaiguri (now Alipur Duar) coming to with the provision to review the plan after every 10 years. Proposal is based on available resources and for convenience of the management. While formulating the proposal, recommendations and guide lines of the Central Zoo Authority have been taken into consideration. The development has been planned keeping in view the strategy to achieve the prescribed objectives. The South Khairbari Rescue Centre, Dist. Jalpaiguri (now Alipur Duar) was established for taking care of rescued leopard and rescued tigers from different circuses. The wounded / orphaned leopard are also are given shelter in this centre for treatment. On health recovery, they are supposed to be released in the wild subject to feasibility study. The plan has been prepared on the basis on the site requirements, availability of water and electricity, climate conditions and resources available with the management. 4.1 Animal section : Display theme It is a rescue centre and the rescued animals are not displayed to the visitors. 31

32 4.1.2 Proposed Animal collection Plan: Leopard / Tiger rescue centre: Keeping in view of the theme of the South Khairbari Rescue Centre, Dist. Jalpaiguri (now Alipur Duar) in the collection plan, main thrust would be given on rescued/ orphaned/ wounded leopard / tigers of North Bengal. Sl. Common name Scientific name Existing number No of animals 1 Leopard Panthera pardus 7:4 (Linnaeus, 1758) 2 Tiger Panthera tigris 3:2 (Linnaeus, 1758) The collection plan is provided as follows: Present area / area proposed 1.30 ha. N. B. Above animals will be released after proper health care in the natural habitat subject to the feasibility study to save them from extinction in the wild Leopard / Tiger Rewildfication Centre: The existing leopard safari was developed for the visitors to have glimpsed of the leopard in semi-wild condition in a battery operated vehicle. The vehicle used to ply on a predefined route carrying of visitors at a time. The leopard safari has been discontinued (as the area is small) and the centre is being used as rewildification units for leopards kept in the Rescue Centre. 32

33 The centre is of around of 4.00 ha area. The centre is well constructed with the 4m height chain link fencing with steel plate in the top on all four directions. The centre has one night shelter also for the leopards on the north eastern side of the safari. Total periphery of the safari is approx. 879 mt. Interior of the safari is enriched with dens, grass plantation, bushes and other structures to give almost natural feelings. The plant reported in the centre are provided below :- A. Trees : Odal, Chilaune, Dumur, Jagga Dumur,), Lathar, Pakasaj (Terminalia alata, Roth), Chikrase, Bamboo, Chepti, Dhadda, Karam etc. B. Herbs shrubs etc. Jungli Til, Mikania,Satamul, Akanda, Ramtulsi, Sarpagandha, Karipata, Durba etc. Within the Rewildification Center, a good number of Rodent species viz., Bandicoot Rat, Mice, Shrews, Field Rat etc. are found besides varieties of snake, Calotes and lizards. Small mammals like different species of Mongoose, three Striped Squirrel are also recorded in the center. Among Amphibian, Toad and Frog are also noted. Different varieties of bird viz., different varieties of Parakeets, Oriole, Green Pigeon, Dove are making nests on the plants of the safari. Among Annelid, Leech and Earthworm are also found in the safari area. Two species of Mollusc such as Achatina sp. and Pila sp. are also easily available. Various species of insects are playing a great role as primary consumers in the safari. Within the center, a pond measuring 33

34 about 20ft x 10ft x 8ft was also created. The pond has water throughout the year and different varieties of fishes like Singhi, Magur, Koi, Lata, Cheng etc., are also found in the pond. As a whole, the area is developed as a unique small forest ecosystem with all available components like Green Plant Producer, Animal community Consumer and microbes Decomposer. The facility is proposed to be utilized as re-wildfication centre for the Sub-adult or adult leopard rescued from different fringe areas of North Bengal Forests for making them wilder. They are being looked after at the rescue centre from their childhood and are adapted to take food supplied from outside. They do not know the art of hunting the prey. Initially four numbers of such leopards may be released in the safari and gradually their rations are supplemented by releasing live birds, goats or deer, if allowed, in the center. Gradually they will be accustomed to hunt these preys, if outside food supply is reduced slowly replacing live prey as mentioned above. They should be regularly monitored at least for 30 to 45 days. When it is observed that they are capable to manage their food by hunting the live preys, these leopards may be reintroduced in their original habitat following the guidelines of the CZA. In this way the West Bengal Zoo Authority through South Khairbari Rescue Centre will be able to augment the depleting populations of endangered species - Leopard in the wild. 34

35 4.1.4 Conversion Tiger conservation breeding Centre In spite all efforts Tiger population in North Bengal has collapsed miserably. South Khaibari Rescue Centre with very little modifications and inputs can be converted into a Tiger Conservation Breeding Centre for breeding, rearing, rewildification of capture born tiger and their ultimate releases in different protected areas (Buxa TR, Jaldapara NP, Gorumara NP, Neora Valley NP and Mahananda WLS ) in North Bengal. 4.2 Master Layout plan of the Zoo The lay out map of the South Khairbari Rescue Centre, Dist-Jalpaiguri (now Alipur Duar) has been drawn on a scale 1:1000, which is annexed as ANNEXURE-I. Existing features like water bodies, natural drainage, water channels for rescued / wounded / orphan animals, rescue enclosures, watch towers, entrance gate, post-mortem room, emergency / exit gate, store room, treatment room, night shelter, feeding shed, toilets, office, zoo supervisor quarter etc., have been depicted in it. Leopard Rehabilitation Centre, is also shown in this plan. Electricity supply lines, solid and liquid waste disposal, and approach road to the zoo and inside paths are all there in the centre area. Details of contour are not depicted in the lay out map as it is not required as the land is a flat one. 35

36 4.3. Arrangement of Display As this is a rescue centre, inmates of this centre is for off display only. No visitors are allowed Modifications, re-arrangements of enclosures and construction of new enclosures There is no need of construction, modification or re-arrangement of enclosures. But it requires the following items:- Fencing of rest of the boundary for better security purpose Leopard Safari is to be converted to leopard rewildification Centre for leopard Post mortem room requires minor renovation Electronic marking of major fauna Insertion of micro-chip and other marking materials for identification of individual animal is suggested in future 4.4 Veterinary Section To deal with sick animals, there should be veterinary hospital under the charge of specially qualified and experienced veterinarians and required trained supporting staff. 36

37 Though there is a treatment room in the centre, but this section will need the following infrastructures: Tranquilising gadgets for tranquilise the animals for treatment. Doctor s chamber with minimum facilities Facility for storage of medicines in refrigerators Minor renovation of post-mortem room situated at north- western corner of the rescue centre Post-mortem room: One post-mortem room is at the north-western side of the centre. 4.5 Store and Feed supply Facility The centre has one store room to keep different store items required for maintenance of the centre. Various medicines may be stored on emergency purpose. The food for the leopard/ tigers may be stored in the refrigerator in case of strike, bandh etc., 4.6 Sanitation Section Sanitation facility of the centre is quite good with the available resources. Daily cleaning, disposal of garbage and transportation to suitable location are being made by the sanitation 37

38 section. Composting of biodegradable waste is to be done and the resulting manure may be used for lawn gardens etc. Besides this, toilets for staffs are being cleaned regularly Water Arrangements Water arrangement is quite good. There is a small pond inside the leopard rewildification centre. 4.8 Power Supply Section A generator is required for supply of power during power off. 4.9 Security Section The following facilities are required to be augmented to make the security tighter, A RCC pillar-brick wall 400m length has already been completed. Another 700m length area may be made as boundary fencing with minimum 2.5 mt height covering the entire centre. 2 sets of DBBL guns, sticks and tranquilization guns are required All the security guards should be in proper uniform for both day and night duties with winter clothing and rain coats etc., for different seasons. Telephone connection for communication is needed 38

39 Two watch towers are available to augment the security of the park used by the security staff Visitor s Amenities In the rescue centre, visitors are not allowed Education and Awareness As it is a Rescue Centre, the animals are not to be displayed to the public, so there is no scope to conduct such programme in the centre Research In future research programme may be undertaken in collaboration with the nearby colleges, if permitted. However, the zoo keepers are making notes on different aspects viz., health status, biological behaviour, social behaviour, reproductive behaviour of the rescued leopards and tigers in their diary, daily report, inventory registers etc. and submit the same to the higher authority for further analysis Nature Interpretation Centre(NIC) No Interpretation Centre (NIC) is required in this rescue centre, no public are allowed to enter this centre. 39

40 4.14 Rescue and Rehabilitation The South Khairbari Rescue Centre is basically a rescue centre to provide shelter the rescued/ wounded/ orphan animals for treatment and re-introduction of these animals to the wild subject to the guidelines of the Central Zoo Authority Administrative building An administrative building at the western side of the centre near the Zoo Supervisor quarter is already existed for Zoo staff, to perform administrative and accounts works, to maintain different documents, to keep record of animal health, treatment provided, post mortem report and other miscellaneous works General Zoo administration The general administration is being looked out by the Divisional Forest Officer, Jaldapara Wildlife Division who is an Ex-officio Director. He is assisted by the Zoo Supervisor, Zoo Keepers and other supporting staff for smooth running of the centre. The Director is responsible to the State Government, and the West Bengal Zoo Authority Staff Quarters To cope up with more scientific management of the centre one for Zoo Supervisor, two barracks are already existed in the centre. 40

41 Chapter 5 5. Personnel Planning At present there are 11 staffs who form the work force of the South Khairbari Rescue Centre. Divisional Forest Officer, Jaldapara Wildlife Division is the Ex-Officio Director of the South Khairbari Rescue Centre. All the 11 different category of staff are engaged for carrying out housekeeping and centre related activities under the control of the Divisional Forest Officer, Jaldapara Wildlife Division and Ex-Officio Director. 5.1 Staff pattern in the Centre DFO, Jaldapara Wildlife Division is the Ex-Officio Director of the Centre. The present organizational structure is as follows:- Divisional Forest Officer, Jaldapara Wildlife Division & Ex-Officio Director, South Khairbari Rescue Centre Zoo Supervisor (1 no) Animal Section Security Section Sanitary Section Garden & Lawn 1. Zoo Keeper : 2 2. Animal Attendant : 2 Garden Attendant : 1 Security Personals: 4 Sanitary Attendant: 1 41

42 1 Zoo Supervisor One Rs.9,300-34,800 + Rs. 4,200 (GP) 5.2 ANIMAL SECTION Sl. No. Post No. of Post Pay Scale 1 Zoo Keeper Two Rs. 5,200-20,200 + Rs. 1,700 (GP) 2 Animal Attendant Two On contract 5.3 SANITATION SECTION Sl. No. Post No. of post Pay Scale 1 Sanitation Attendant one On contract 5.4 SECURITY SECTION Sl. No. Name of the post No. of the post Scale of pay 1 Security Personnel Four On contract 42

43 5.5 LAWNS AND GARDEN SECTION Sl. No. Post No. of post Pay Scale 1 Garden Attendant One On contract 43

44 Chapter 6 6. Disaster Management South Khairbari Rescue Centre houses rescued / wounded / orphan like leopards, Tigers. It is a necessity to have well documented and methodical emergency preparedness plans to deal with disasters and urgent situations. The major disasters are mostly of natural calamities, which are identified hereunder:- Earthquake Heavy rains causing water logging Floods Massive fire Epidemics Law and Order break down Others In such an event, the centre should be in a position to assess the damages through designated counter measures and chain of command. The counter measures should be compiled in a Manual and it should be communicated vertically as well as horizontally among personnel. 44

45 For disaster preparedness and planning following points should be taken care of. 6.1 Assessment of risk Damages: Disasters like falling of trees, flooding of enclosures, snapping of power lines, breaking of water supply, breaking of enclosures barriers and escape of animals, in most cases may directly affect animals and causes damage to property Security System failure Security system adopted may be violated and animals may escape the centre thus resulting in panic among nearly villagers. Security personnel are to be alerted and mobilized by wireless communication Epidemics: 1. To prevent spreading of epidemic after fire, flood scenarios and earthquakes, equipments are needed to speed up restoration measures. 2. Training to the staff to meet such exigencies and operation of such equipments are required to be provided. 45

46 6.1.4 Fire Management: Inventorization of potential fire hazard should be evaluated. Trapping cages should be kept ready Rescue Vehicle: 1. Suitable vehicles to be kept ready for assistance. 2. Tranquilizing equipments and chemicals to be kept ready 3. Ambulance van should be requisitioned 4. First Aid arrangements to be ensured 5. Volunteers, Police personnel and other helping hands to be utilized Training for Disaster Preparedness: 1. Periodic mock drills to stimulate preparedness among staff and to test the working conditions of equipments which shall be kept maintained at all times. 2. Doctors and Hospitals need to be informed and the phone, fax, mail to be kept in easily available positions. 3. Equipments required Water tankers and hose pipes Diesel Pumping sets First Aid kits Generator sets 46

47 Axes / Spades / Crowbars Ropes (Steel / Nylon) Saws Training equipments Torches and Batteries Barbed wire, chain-link fence, angular iron, poles, nut and bolts with tools for using them Hooters and whistle for alert and signaling 6.3 Fire Control Although fire outbreak has never been experienced in the centre, however during seasons the patch of grasses and shrub lands in and around the centre premises become dry and potential fire hazard. In such areas, as a precaution, fire tracing need to be done. Also the fire brigade force have been called for to demonstrate the fire fighting extinguishers, and to create awareness for the centre staff members and security staff. 6.4 Flood Control The centre is along the bank of rivulets like Bura Torsha River. As the Jalpaiguri District (now Alipur duar) experience heavy rainfall during monsoonal months, flood scenarios could not be ruled out. Water logging inside the centre premises, bank erosion and control of the run off 47

48 as well as flood water should be controlled through construction of storm water drain, cemented embankments and plantation of riparian vegetation along the river boundary. 6.5 Law and order break down If there is break down due to law and order problem and strike by employees etc., alternative is to be planned for supply of feeding articles, as per the advice of the Police Commissioner. In order to evacuate the staff in case of emergencies, a second gate for exist has already been constructed at the western side of the centre. 6.6 Feed supply in case of strike The flesh for the leopard/ tigers may be stored in the refrigerator in case of strike, bandh etc. The adjacent towns and nearby villages could be approached for beef and chicken for leopards. 48

49 Chapter 7 7. Contingency Plan With the ultimate purpose of preventing and countering accidents like injuries, loss of life and in concern of safety to animals and staffs in the centre premises, a well defined and documented contingency plan is required. The animal keepers, most of the times are vulnerable to accidents as animals are unpredictable. As South Khairbari Rescue Centre houses Leopards and Tigers, top predators in their respective ecosystems, accidents may occur if precautionary measures are not taken. Safety equipments and even self-defending gears like sticks, bamboos etc. and presence of mind of the animal keepers could help them in preventing major mishaps. Regular inspection and thorough checking of all the enclosures in terms of safety with respect to animal escape, wear & tear of chain-link fences, condition of lock & bolt system, annual & periodic maintenance of enclosures and training of keepers, supervisors and other concerned should be taken up in a regular basis. The following precautionary measures must be prepared for meeting the contingencies in a better way. Round the clock security must be provided 49

50 Adequate numbers of cages are to be kept in handy for capturing animals A suitable vehicle in good condition for transportation of animals and injured to the Hospital must be available always. Tranquilizing equipment and chemicals along with the required drugs to be kept always ready. Non-supply of feed To plan alternative arrangement. Disruption of power supply and consequent water supply Alternative arrangement. Deep Freezer for Meat / Non Veg. food, as well as vegetables and fruits Fire Brigade / Police control room telephone numbers to be kept ready Hose pipe with pressure pump and water jets. Siren / Loud speaker Life saving medicines for animals Fire fighting equipments like fire extinguishers, buckets, sand, etc. 50

51 7.1 Animal rescued from wild The rescued wild animals should first be kept in quarantine facility for designated period and in no case should be allowed to mix with the existing stock. Regular checkups by veterinarian should be carried out and viability of the animal / bird should be checked before releasing into common enclosure or to the wild. In case of leopards, the animal should be kept in isolation for days. 7.2 Escape of animals from enclosures Animal Control Authorities use chemical immobilization for capture purposes if animals escape from enclosure, although it must be used as last resort. There should be other options of capturing animals. The Centre should have suitable tranquilization equipments and other logistics like net, cages, ramp, ropes etc. for recapturing of escaped animals. 7.3 Monkey and dog menace South Khairbari Rescue Centre though facing problems of monkey menace as they tend to enter the centre in search of foods, as the centre has a number of different varieties of plants. Besides they steal food items from the staff working there. But it is not a big problem and could be easily controlled. There are no stray dog problems within the Centre. 51

52 7.4 Arrangement of food in case of strike (non -supply by contractor) The flesh for the leopard/ tigers may be stored in the refrigerator in case of strike, bandh etc. The adjacent towns and nearby villages could be approached for beef and chicken for leopards. All the food materials should be checked for their quality, suitability and hygiene prior to feeding. Storage of food items in separate storage units with cold-storage facility should be made. Stock could be retained for emergency situations and food items should be utilized in a rotational basis. 7.5 Snake bite There are plenty of chances of animal keepers getting snake bite. In order to prevent any casualties on account of snake bites, anti-venom serum stock has to be stored in the centre hospital for any eventuality. To avoid the snake bite incidents dense undergrowths inside and outside enclosures and along the boundaries of centre premises should be cleaned once in three months. 7.6 Visitors getting injured/ visitors falling inside enclosure There is no such chance, as this is a rescue centre. 52

53 7.7 Fighting among animals In-fighting among leopards may happen sometimes. To avoid such incidents, they should be separated in separate enclosure. There should be special enclosure for the animals injured in fighting. The injured ones should be subjected to prompt veterinary care in isolation and rest and all possible measures should be taken for recovery. Euthanasia should be kept as last option is case of terminally injured animals. Is this case prior permission should be taken from the competent authority as per the Wildlife (Protection) Act, Epidemics There is a little chance, as it is rescue centre for the carnivores. 7.9 Breakdown of power supply etc. A generator is needed to install at a far corner of the centre area so that the sound created from that does not disturb the animals of the centre to meet up the necessity of power during the spell of massive power failure for a longer spell. It will help in smooth running of all the activities at the veterinary Unit. The generator will also be used, if needed, to supply power for the entrance complex, stores, office and exhibits. 53

54 7.10 Free ranging animals / Feral animal menace Feral cattle and dogs are rare in the centre as it is surrounded by permanent wall and chain link fencing. 54

55 Chapter 8 8. Capacity Building To maintain and up-keep a rescue centre, skilled and knowledgeable man-power is essential. As time changes the new challenges will emerge and the staff is required to upgrade their skills and potential to handle any situation. Capacity Building of different category of office staff and frontline personnel is very essential for better care of animals, providing better nature education and smooth function of the zoo. 8.1 Keepers Training The keepers and lower formation staffs who are engaged with day-to-day handling and management of the South Khairbari Rescue Centre should be sent for short term training with neighbouring zoos and Rescue Centres to get training on, Feed preparation and sanitation Hand rearing of orphaned wildlife Tranquilization techniques Any training program in PNHZP, Darjeeling and Zoological Gardens, Alipore can be easily attended by the staffs of this centre. At present, two of the keepers have attended training in the Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park, Darjeeling. 55

56 8.2 Training of Zoo Management The Wildlife Institute of India and the Central Zoo Authority regularly conduct special and focused training and workshops on different aspects of wild life management and policy. Participation of top level management of centre is must and essential to upgrade their knowledge and bring changes and adopt newer techniques as enunciated in national zoo policies and rules. Regular interaction and opportunity to visit other zoos/ rescue centre would help to acquire suitable animals, enrichment of enclosure and other aspects. It also provides an opportunity to interact with many experts in the field, who shall participate as faculty in the training programme. The centre should take the benefit of the training to have trained officers in the management for better results. 8.3 Training for Veterinary officers and staffs The works of the Zoo / rescue veterinary officer and veterinary staff are very important from the point of view of the healthcare management of zoo rescued animals. As the Zoo / Rescue centre houses valuable animals, failure to diagnose and able to provide treatment in time may lead to lose the animals. 56

57 Chapter 9 9. E-governance A complete system of hardware & software is felt needed to record all the data generated by veterinary and other related biological information. The office of the in-charge of the Centre is provided with internet connection and connected with all other zoos/ rescue centres as well as the zoo authority for exchange of information through this facility. Necessary software to maintain the Zoo/ rescue centre database and inventory suitable in Indian context should be availed and kept electronically as well as copies of the same should be circulated. Close Circuit Cameras with TV monitors for important enclosures should be kept for continuous monitoring. 57

58 Chapter Broad budget analysis for implementing the plan No new construction will be undertaken in the centre. Maintenance ( for the year ) - ANNEXURE - V 58

59 Annexure to the Master plan : ANNEXURE I : Layout plan depicting the present set up ANNEXURE II : List of Buildings other than animal enclosures. ANNEXURE III : Flora available in the centre ANNEXURE IV : Fauna freely available in the centre ANNEXURE V : Maintenance (for the year ) ANNEXURE VI : Recognition of centre by the Central Zoo Authority 59

60 Annexure I MASTER LAYOUT PLAN 60

61 61

62 62

63 63

64 64

65 65

66 Annexure II List of existing Building other than Animal Enclosures : 1. Entry gate - 1 no. 2. Toilet - 1 no. 3. Store House - 1 no 4. Night shelter Treatment room - 1 no 6. Post-mortem room - 1 no 7. Zoo Supervisor Quarter - 1 no 8. Zoo office - 1 no 9. Watch Tower - 2 nos. 10. Exit / emergency gate - 1 no. 66

67 Annexure III Naturally plant (Flora) species occurring in the South Khairbari Rescue Centre Area LIST OF MAJOR PLANTS Common Name Scientific Name Chilaune Schima wallichil Champ Michelia champaca Jarul Lagerstroemia speciosa Kadam Anthocephalus chinensis Karam Haldina cordifolia Pakasaj Terminalia chitrina Chikrase Chukrasis tabularis Lathar Artocarpus chaplasha Dumur Ficus racemosa Chilaune Schima wallichii Sissoo Dalbergia sissoo Odal Sterculia villosa Simul Bombax ceiba Siris Albizia procera 67

68 Teak Tectona grandis Tun Cadrela toona Chepti Themeda arundinacea Dhadda Saccharum longisetosum Khair Acacia catechu Assamlata Mikania micrantha Durba Cynodon dactylon 68

69 Annexure IV Free living animal (Fauna) species available in the South Khairbari Rescue Centre Common Name Scientific Name MAMMALS Common Langour Semnopithecus entellus Small Indian Civet Viverricula indica Indian Fox Vulpes bengalensis Common Flying Fox Pteropus giganteus Common Mongoose Herpestes auropunctatus Small Indian Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii Common Five Striped Squirrel Funambulus pennatti Common Bandicoot Bandicota bengalensis Common Indian Hare Lepus reticaudatus Mice Mus s pp. Shrews Suncus murinus Field Rat Rattus rattus Barking Deer Muntiacus muntjak BIRDS 69

70 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis Asian Pied Starling Sturnus contra House crow Corvus splendens Pond Heron Ardeola grayii Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger Little grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis Red vented Bulbul Pycnotus cafer Jungle Babbler Turdoides striatus Blossom Headed Parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala Brown Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus collybita tristis Blue Whistling Thrush Myiophonus carulous temmincki Blue Throated Barbet Megalima asiatiea Brahminy Kite Haliastur Indus Blue Rock Pigeon Columba livia Blue Eared Kingfisher Alcedo meninting Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos Common Wood Shrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus Chestnut Headed Bee eater Merops leschenaultia Coppersmith Megalima ha emacephala Cuckoo Cuculus canorus 70

71 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis House Sparrow Passer domesticus Indian Ring Dove Streptopelia decaocta Lesser Whistling Teal Dendrocygna javanica Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis Purple Moorhen Porphyrio porphyrio Rose Ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri Spotted Munia Lonchua puctulata Tailor Bird Orthotomus sutorius Alexandrine Parakeet Psittacula eupatria Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis Lesser pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis Open -bill Stork Anastomus oscitans Spotted Owlet Athene brama Indian Tree pie Dendrocilla vagabunda White wagtail Motacilla alba White breasted Kingfisher Halcyn smyrensis Yellow wagtail Motacilla flava Baya Ploceus philippinus Pied Horn Bil 71

72 Cormonent Green Pegion REPTILES Indian Soft Shelled Turtle Lissemys punctata punctata Bengal monitor Lizard Varanus bengalensis Spectacled Cobra Naja naja Monocled Cobra Naja kaoutia Common Krait Bungarus caeruleus Banded Krait Bungarus fasciatus Russell s Viper Daboia resselii Rat Snake Ptyas mucosus Checkered Keelback Xenochrophis piscator Green Keelback Macropisthodon plumbicolor water monitor varanus salvator AMPHIBIANS Indian Bull Frog Rana tigrina Common Indian Toad Bufo melanostictus 72

73 Annexure V Maintenance ( for the year ) : (i) Travelling Expenses Rs lakhs (ii) Wages and Honorarium Rs lakhs. (iii) Nutrition and health care Rs lakhs (iv) Office Expenses/ Computer Rs 2.00 lakhs. (v) Publicity & Extension / Advert Rs Lakhs (vi) Maintenance Rs lakhs (vii) Other Charges/ Miscellaneous Rs Lakhs Total : Rs Lakhs (Rupees Seventy two lakhs and fifty thousand only) 73

74 Annexure-VI Recognition of Centre by the Central Zoo Authority 74

75 75