Military and Naval Operations in South Carolina, : a Chronological List, with References to Sources of Further Information

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2 Military and Naval Operations in South Carolina, : a Chronological List, with References to Sources of Further Information Compiled by Nora M. Davis With a Foreword by W. Edwin Hemphill Published by the South Carolina Archives Department for the South Carolina Confederate War Centennial Comnission Columbia, South Carolina 1959 Copyright, 1959, by the South Carolina Archives Department Digitized for the Civil War Sesquicentennial 2010 South Carolina Archives Commission Calhoun A. Mays, Chairman Carl L. Epting, Vice Chairman Charles A. Anger Charles E. Cauthen B. Allston Moore Robert H. Wienefeld J. Harold Wolfe South Carolina Confederate War Centennial Commission John A. May, Chairman J. Harold Easterby, Vice Chairman Roddey LeHew Bell Walter J. Bristow, Jr. Wilbur C. Grant Daniel W. Hollis Mrs. W. A. King Julian Metz Governor Ernest F. Hollings, Ex Officio

3 Foreword This is a list of 227 military and naval operations by forces of the United States, on one side, and those of South Carolina and the Confederacy, on the other. It was compiled by Dr. Nora M. Davis while she was serving as secretary of the South Carolina Historical Markers Survey, Highly appropriate is it that her painstaking compilation should be published in connection with early planning for the Palmetto State s observance of the centennial of the war. In addition to its date or inclusive dates, each operation listed herein is accompanied by an abbreviated reference to one or more sources of information about it. These citations are given to volumes but not to specific pages. Roman numerals refer to The War of the Rebellion:... Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (128 vols. Washington, ), Series I. The word Atlas refers to the authoritative maps published as three volumes with the same set of documents (Washington, ). The initial J refers to John Johnson, The Defense of Charleston Harbor, Including Fort Sumter and the Adjacent Islands, (Charleston, S. C., 1890). Indexes in the individual volumes cited can enable you to retrace Dr. Davis s steps. Her references are a feature that makes her list of greater value than corresponding ones. Upon reflection, you will realize that Dr. Davis could have become much involved in moot problems of definition. What constitutes a battle, an engagement, a skirmish, an affair? Must any minimum number of men or ships be involved in each? Must shots be exchanged, or does a raiding or scouting party s reconnaissance qualify even if no enemy was seen? Should a flank movement by wing forces be considered a distinct operation? Is a unified campaign one entity, or should each of its parts be listed separately? Dr. Davis has shunned these pitfalls of semantics; she has drawn no original distinctions. The result records as separate operations those that were reported in her sources as being distinct operations. Her reliance upon these sources in questions of definition has the virtue that, in most instances, they were actual participants in the operations or were officers having responsibility over the operations. You will recognize inevitable inequalities of perspective in this list. It cannot distinguish between a minor, isolated, thirty-minutes skirmish and a major, coordinated, thirty-hours battle. Nonetheless, Dr. Davis s list is useful. If you fail to recall that the war in South Carolina consisted of more than the firing of heavy guns around Charleston in 1861 and the burning of Columbia in 1865, Dr. Davis has provided a corrective. She reminds us that South Carolinians fought not only on distant battlefields in Northern Virginia, in Eastern Tennessee, and along the lower Mississippi. The enemy was not merely at South Carolina s gates; throughout four long years he was actively moving and was actively opposed within the Palmetto State s own yard. W. Edwin Hemphill South Carolina Archives Department June 1, 1959

4 Operation Vol. 12/27 Castle Pinckney seized by state troops I 12/27 Fort Moultrie seized by state troops I 12/30 U. S. Arsenal at Charleston seized by state troops I 1/2 Fort Johnson seized by state troops I 1/9 Transport steamer Star of the West fired on by a small battery on Morris Island, manned by cadets of the South Carolina Military Academy, Charleston I 4/3 Schooner Rhoda H. Shannon fired on by Confederate batteries I 4/12-14 Bombardment of Fort Sumter LIII 11/7 Capture of Fort Walker, Hilton Head, Port Royal Harbor, by U.S. Navy VI 11/7 Capture of Fort Beauregard, Bay Point, Port Royal Harbor, by U.S. Navy VI 12/17 Skirmish on Chisolm s Island, Coosaw River VI 12/20 Sinking of first stone fleet at entrance to Charleston Harbor VI, LIII /1 Engagement at Page s Point, Port Royal Ferry, Coosaw River, between land and naval forces VI, LIII 1/20 Sinking of second stone fleet at entrance to Charleston Harbor VI 2/10 Skirmish on Barnwell s Island VI 3/20-24 Operations near Bluffton, including affairs at Buckingham Ferry and Hunting Island VI 3/29 Affair on Edisto Island VI 4/19 Skirmish on Edisto Island XIV 4/29 Engagement at Pineberry Battery XIV 4/29 Engagement at Willtown XIV 4/29 Engagement at White Point XIV 5/20 Bombardment of Cole s Island XIV 5/21 Affair near Battery Island XIV 5/25 Affair at bridge between James Island and Dixon s Island XIV 5/29 Skirmish at Pocotaligo XIV 6/2 Gunboat attack from Folly Island upon Legare s Point and Secessionville XIV 6/3 Skirmish at Sol. Legare s place below Secessionville, James Island XIV 6/6 Affair at Port Royal Ferry XIV 6/7 Skirmish at John s Island XIV 6/8 Skirmish at Secessionville, James Island XIV 6/10 Skirmish on Grimball s Plantation, James Island XIV 6/13 Affair at White House, near Hilton Head XIV 6/14-15 Skirmish on James Island continued XIV, J 6/16 Battle at Secessionville, James Island XIV, Atlas 1

5 Operation Vol. 6/21 Engagement at Simmons Bluff XIV 6/25-27 Union gunboats in the South Santee; skirmish at Blake s place J 7/4 Affair at Port Royal Ferry XIV 7/9-10 Demonstration against Pocotaligo XIV 7/9 Affair on Dawhoo River XIV 7/9 Affair on Wadmalaw River XIV 8/13 Engagement on Black River XIV 8/21 Affair on Pinckney Island XIV 9/24 Affair on Skull Creek XIV 10/18 Affair at Kirk s Bluff XIV 10/22 Skirmish at Coosawhatchie XIV 10/22 Engagement at the Hutson (not Caston ) and the Frampton plantations near Pocotaligo XIV, LIII 10/24 Affair on St. Helena Island XIV /30 Capture of the USS Isaac Smith in the Stono River XIV 1/31 Attack on the U. S. blockading squadron off Charleston Harbor XIV 1/31 Affair on Bull s Island, Charleston District XIV 2/25 Affair at North Santee entrance J 3/12 Affair on Skull Creek, Broad River XIV, J 4/7 Attack on Fort Sumter, Charleston Harbor XIV, XVIII, LIII 4/9 Destruction of the steamer George Washington in the Coosaw River near Beaufort by the Beaufort Volunteer Artillery XIV, LIII 4/10 Skirmish on Folly Island XIV 4/12 Destruction of the steamer Stonewall Jackson XIV 4/27 Affair at Murray s Inlet XIV 5/4 Affair at Murray s Inlet XIV 5/18-21 Torpedo operations in Skull Creek XIV 5/19 Skirmish on Pope s Island XIV 5/31 Affair on James Island XIV 6/2 Union raid on Combahee River XIV 6/11-13 Operations on Little Folly Island XIV 6/18 Skirmish on Edisto Island XXVIII 7/10 Engagement at Willtown Bluff XXVIII 7/11 First assault on Battery Wagner, Morris Island XXVIII, Atlas 7/16 Engagement near Grimball s Landing, James Island XXVIII 2

6 Operation Vol. 7/18 Second assault on Battery Wagner, Morris Island XXVIII, Atlas 7/18-9/7 Siege of Battery Wagner, Morris Island XXVIII, Atlas 7/20 Bombardment of Legare s Point XXVIII 8/4 Affair at the mouth of Vincent s Creek XXVIII 8/17-23 First great bombardment of Fort Sumter, 1st Period J 8/20-21 Attempt to destroy the USS Ironsides, off Charleston Harbor XXVIII 8/21-12/31 Bombardment of Charleston XXVII, XXX, LIII 8/24-9/2 First great bombardment of Fort Sumter, 2nd Period J 8/31 Sinking of the Confederate transport Sumter by batteries on Sullivan s Island XXVIII 9/7 Seizure of Fort Wagner, termination of siege XXVIII, J 9/7 Seizure of Battery Gregg, termination of siege XXVIII, J 9/7 Affair on Battery Island XXVIII 9/7-8 Engagement in Charleston Harbor XXVIII 9/8-9 Boat attack on Fort Sumter XXVIII 9/13-14 Affair near Lowndes Mill, Combahee River XXVIII 9/28-10/23 First minor bombardment of Fort Sumter J 10/5 Attempt to blow up the USS New Ironsides, off Charleston Harbor XXVIII 10/19 Affair at Murrell s (Morrall s) Inlet XXVIII 10/26-12/5 Second great bombardment of Fort Sumter J 11/6-7 Confederate raid on Bull s Island, Port Royal J 11/15 Affair on John s Island XXVIII 11/16 Engagement between U. S. monitors and Sullivan s Island batteries XXVIII 11/19-20 Boat demonstration against Fort Sumter XXVIII 11/24 Skirmish near Cunningham s Bluff XXVIII 12/5 Affair at Murrell s (Morrall s) Inlet XXVIII 12/11 Second minor bombardment of Fort Sumter J 12/25 Attack on the USS Marblehead, in Stono River XXVIII 12/28 Affair on John s Island XXVIII /1-28 Desultory firing (8 days) on Fort Sumter J 1/7 Affair on Waccamaw Neck XXV 1/29-31 Third minor bombardment of Fort Sumter J 2/1-29 Desultory firing (16 days) on Fort Sumter J 2/2 Destruction of the blockade runner Presto by batteries on Morris Island XXXV 2/9-11 Skirmishes near Bugbee Bridge on John s Island XXXV 2/17 Destruction of the sloop of war USS Housatonic, off Morris Island XXXV 3

7 1864 Operation Vol. 2/26-27 Capture of a Union boat, off Fort Sumter J 3/1-31 Desultory firing (10 days) on Fort Sumter J 3/6 Attack on USS Memphis in North Edisto River J 3/14 Fourth minor bombardment of Fort Sumter J 3/25 Affair at McClellanville XXXV 3/31 Affair at Spring Island XXXV 4/1-20 Desultory firing on Fort Sumter J 4/28-5/4 Fifth minor bombardment of Fort Sumter J 5/10 Skirmish on Pine Island XXXV 5/13 Affair on James Island XXXV 5/13-16 Sixth minor bombardment (4 days) of Fort Sumter J 5/16 Skirmish on Ashepoo River XXXV 5/26 Destruction of the transport USS Boston at Chapman s Fort, Ashepoo River XXXV 5/30-6/5 Seventh minor bombardment (8 days) of Fort Sumter J 6/6-30 Desultory firing (17 days) on Fort Sumter J 6/7 Destruction of the transport steamer CSS Etiwan, off Fort Sumter, by enemy fire from Morris Island J 7/2 Skirmish at Johnson s Point, James Island XXXV 7/2 Skirmish near Secessionville, James Island XXXV 7/3 Assault on Fort Johnson and Battery Simkins XXXV 7/3 Skirmish at King s Creek XXXV 7/3 Skirmish on John s Island XXXV 7/3 Skirmish near White Point XXXV 7/4-9 Attack on Battery Pringle XXXV 7/7 Skirmish on John s Island XXXV 7/7-9/4 Third great bombardment (60 days) of Fort Sumter J 7/7-9 Skirmishes at Grimball s Waterloo Place J 7/9 Action at Bruden s Causeway, John s Island XXXV, J 7/10 Attack on Fort Johnson and Battery Simkins XXXV 7/16 Skirmish on James Island XXXV 8/4-23 Firing on Fort Sumter continued J 8/20 Burning of Legareville XXXV 9/6-18 Eighth minor bombardment (9 days) of Fort Sumter J 9/19-30 Desultory firing (16 days) on Fort Sumter J 10/1-31 Desultory firing (18 days) on Fort Sumter J 10/23 Destruction of the blockade runner Flamingo XXXV 11/1-30 Desultory firing (13 days) on Fort Sumter J 4

8 Operation Vol. 11/7 Attack on the blockading gunboat USS Pontiac J 11/29 Skirmish near Boyd s Landing XLIV 11/30 Battle of Honey Hill, near Grahamville XLIV 12/6 Skirmish at Coosawhatchie and Beaufort Turnpike in effort to break the Charleston and Savannah Railroad XLIV 12/7-9 Skirmishes at and near Tullifinny River in efforts to break the Charleston and Savannah Railroad XLIV 12/20 Skirmish near Pocotaligo Road XLIV 12/31 Capture of two naval launches by Confederates, off Fort Sumter J /1-31 Desultory firing on Fort Sumter J 1/3 Skirmish at Hardeeville XLVII 1/14 Skirmishes from Beaufort to Pocotaligo XLVII 1/15 Destruction of the monitor USS Patapsco, off Fort Sumter XLVII 1/20 Reconnaissance from Pocotaligo to the Salkehatchie River and skirmish XLVII 1/26 Skirmish near Pocotaligo XLVII 1/26 Destruction of the gunboat Dai-ching at Tar Bluff, Combahee River J 1/27 Skirmish at Ennis s Crossroads XLVII 1/28 Skirmish at Combahee River XLVII 1/29 Skirmish at Robertville XLVII 1/30 Skirmish near Lawtonville XLVII 2/1 Skirmish at Hickory Hill XLVII 2/1 Skirmish at Whippy Swamp Creek XLVII 2/2 Skirmish at Lawtonville XLVII 2/2 Skirmish at Baker s Mill, Whippy Swamp XLVII 2/2 Skirmish at Duck Branch, near Loper s Crossroads XLVII 2/2 Skirmish at Rivers Bridge, Salkehatchie River XLVII, Atlas 2/2 Skirmish at Broxton s Bridge, Salkehatchie River XLVII 2/3 Action at Rivers Bridge, Salkehatchie River XLVII, Atlas 2/3 Skirmish at Dillingham s Crossroads, or Duck Branch XLVII, Atlas 2/4 Skirmish at Angley s Post Office XLVII 2/4 Skirmish at Buford s Bridge XLVII 2/5 Skirmish at Duncanville XLVII 2/5 Skirmish at Combahee Ferry XLVII 2/5 Action at Fishburne s Plantation, near Lane s Bridge, Little Salkehatchie River XLVII 2/6 Skirmish at Cowpen Ford, Little Salkehatchie River XLVII 5

9 1865 Operation Vol. 2/6 Skirmish near Barnwell XLVII 2/7 Skirmish at Blackville XLVII 2/7 Skirmish at Edisto Railroad Bridge XLVII 2/7 Affair at Cannon s Bridge, South Edisto River XLVII 2/8 Skirmish at Williston XLVII 2/8 Skirmish at White Pond XLVII 2/8 Skirmish at Walker s or Valley Bridge, Edisto River XLVII 2/8 Skirmish at Cannon s Bridge, South Edisto River XLVII 2/9 Skirmish at Winnaker s Bridge, South Edisto River XLVII 2/9 Skirmish at Holman s Bridge, South Edisto River XLVII 2/10 Skirmish at James Island XLVII, J 2/10 Skirmish at Johnson s Station XLVII, LIII 2/11 Action at Aiken XLVII 2/11 Action at Johnson s Station XLVII, LIII 2/11 Attack on Battery Simkins XLVII 2/11 Skirmish at North Edisto River Bridge, Orangeburg XLVII 2/12 Skirmish at Glover s Mill, North Edisto River XLVII 2/12 Skirmish at Shilling s Bridge over North Edisto River XLVII 2/12 Skirmish at Jeffcoat s Bridge over North Edisto River XLVII 2/13 Skirmish at bridge across a mill stream three-fourths of a mile from North Edisto River XLVII 2/14 Skirmish at Wolfe s Plantation XLVII 2/14 Skirmish at Gunter s Bridge, North Edisto River XLVII 2/15 Skirmish at Savany Hunt XLVII 2/15 Skirmish at Congaree Creek, near Columbia XLVII 2/15 Skirmish at Bates s Ferry, Congaree River XLVII 2/15 Skirmish at Red Bank Creek XLVII 2/15 Skirmish at Two League Crossroads, near Lexington XLVII 2/16-17 Skirmishes about Columbia; town occupied by Federals XLVII, LIII 2/22 Skirmish near Camden XLVII 2/22 Skirmish near Wateree River XLVII 2/23 Skirmish near Camden XLVII 2/24 Skirmish at Camden XLVII 2/25 Skirmish at West s Crossroads XLVII 2/26 Skirmish at Lynch s Creek XLVII 2/26 Skirmish near Stroud s Mill XLVII 6

10 1865 Operation Vol. 2/27 Skirmish near Mount Elon XLVII 2/27 Skirmish at C1oud s House XLVII 2/28 Skirmish near Cheraw XLVII 2/28 Skirmish near Rocky Mount XLVII 3/1 Skirmish at Wilson s Store XLVII 3/2 Skirmish at Chesterfield XLVII 3/2 Skirmish at Thompson s Creek, near Chesterfield XLVII 3/3 Skirmish at Juniper Creek, near Cheraw XLVII 3/3 Skirmish at Thompson s Creek, near Cheraw XLVII 3/3 Affair near Big Black Creek XLVII 3/3 Skirmish near Blakeney s XLVII 3/3 Skirmish near Hornsborough XLVII 3/4-6 Skirmishes from near Cheraw to Florence XLVII 3/5 Skirmish near Cheraw XLVII 3/8 Skirmish at Love s or Blue s Bridge XLVII 3/10 Engagement at Monroe s Crossroads XLVII 4/9 Skirmish at Dingle s Mill, near Sumterville XLVII 4/15 Skirmish near Stateburgh XLVII 4/18 Skirmish at Bradford Springs XLVII 4/18 Skirmish at Boykin s Mill, on Swift Creek XLVII 4/19 Skirmish at Dinkins s Mill XLVII 4/19 Skirmish at Beech Creek, near Stateburgh XLVII 7