Funsheet [WHAT IS PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE] Gu 2015

Transcription

1 Funsheet [WHAT IS PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE] Gu Convert the following pressures. a) 101 kpa =? atm b) 55 Torr =? psi c) 60. mmhg =? bar d) 45 Torr =? kpa e) 5 psi =? atm f) atm =? bar 2. Convert the following temperatures. a) 0 C =? K b) 100 C =? K c) 25 C =? K d) 300. K =? C e) 5 C =? K f) 0 K =? C g) 450 K =? C h) 20 C =? K

2 Funsheet 7.2 [IDEAL GAS LAW] Gu How many moles of gas are found in 1.25 L of a gas at 17.0 C and 95 kpa? 2. What is the volume of 4.5 moles of oxygen gas at 100 C and 740 mmhg? moles of a gas occupies a volume of 12.0 L at 0.75 atm. What is the temperature of this gas? 4. A liquid that evaporates easily produced g of vapour in a ml flask at 371 K and 746 Torr. What is the molar mass of the liquid?

3 Funsheet 7.2 [IDEAL GAS LAW] Gu Explain why throwing an old spray paint can into a fire would be dangerous using the ideal gas law. 6. What is the density of oxygen gas at atmospheric pressure and 10.0 C in grams per litre? 7. A gaseous sample has an empirical formula of CH grams of this gas at kpa and K occupy L of space. What is the molecular formula for this gas? 8. What mass of gaseous ethane, C 2 H 6, at 60.8 kpa and 25.0 C contains the same number of molecules as 9.02 grams of NO 2 at kpa and 0.00 C?

4 Funsheet 7.2 [IDEAL GAS LAW] Gu A balloon has a volume of L at sea level where the pressure is kpa and the temperature is 15 C. What would the volume of the balloon be at its cruising altitude of m where the temperature is 35 C and the pressure is 53.5 kpa? 10. A gas has a volume of 4.7 L at a temperature of 57 C and a pressure of mmhg. What would its volume be at STP? 11. A gas has a density of g/l at 56 kpa and 100 C. What is this gas? 12. Explain the following observation. A propane tank is used to heat a barbeque. As the BBQ runs for a while, condensation appears on the outside of the tank, and eventually turns to frost.

5 Funsheet 7.3 [BOYLE S LAW] Gu A gas of volume 200 ml has a pressure of 200 kpa. Calculate the volume this gas would occupy at standard pressure. 2. A sample of carbon dioxide gas of 500 ml has a pressure of 110 kpa. What volume would this gas occupy at 1000 kpa? 3. A gas occupies L and exerts a pressure of atm. What must its volume be in order for the pressure to be 1.20 atm? 4. A 500 ml sample of oxygen gas is collected at a pressure of 720 mmhg. The volume of the gas is decreased to 200 ml. Find the new pressure of the system. 5. A 233 ml sample of a gas exerts a pressure of 46 bar. What pressure will the gas exert when the volume is decreased to 133 ml?

6 Funsheet 7.4 [CHARLES S LAW] Gu A sample of gas is collected at 50 C. When the temperature is decreased to 20 C, the gas occupies 50.0 ml. Calculate the initial volume of this gas, assuming no change in pressure. 2. Hydrogen gas is collected at 25 C and kpa. The volume of the gas is 2.4 L. Calculate the volume of this gas at STP. 3. When 50.0 liters of oxygen at 20.0 C is compressed to 5.00 liters, what must the new temperature be in degrees Celsius to maintain constant pressure? 4. A ml sample of nitrogen is warmed from 77.0 C to 86.0 C. Find its new volume if the pressure remains constant.

7 Funsheet 7.4 [CHARLES S LAW] Gu A gas syringe contains 42.3 milliliters of a gas at C. Determine the volume that the gas will occupy if the temperature is decreased to C. 6. What volume change occurs to a ml gas sample as the temperature increases from 22.0 C to 30.0 C?

8 Funsheet 7.5 [COMBINED GAS LAW] Gu A gas occupies a volume of ml STP. If the volume remains constant, and the pressure increases to 120. kpa, what would the new temperature of the gas be? 2. A balloon has a volume of L at sea level where the pressure is 100 kpa and the temperature is 15 C. What would the volume of the balloon be at its cruising altitude of m where the temperature is 35 C and the pressure is 53.5 kpa? 3. You like to dive. The best corals are at a depth of approximately 10 m. You take a deep breath and dive. Your lung capacity is 2.4 L total. The air temperature is 32 C and the pressure is kpa. At 10 m the temperature is 21 C and the pressure kpa. What is the volume of your lungs? 4. Carbon dioxide occupies a 2.54 dm 3 container at STP. What will be the volume when the pressure is changed to 150 kpa and the temperature is 26 C?

9 Funsheet 7.5 [COMBINED GAS LAW] Gu A helium balloon is fully inflated at 1.2 L. When the clerk is filling the balloon, she stops to make sure it is not going to explode and checks the pressure. At 0.75L and 24 C, the pressure is 5.7 kpa. Seeing that the balloon is doing ok, the clerk continues to fill up the balloon until 1.2 L is reached. At this point, the pressure is 7.2 kpa. When the customer takes the balloon outside, it explodes. What was the temperature outdoors?

10 Funsheet 7.6 [PARTIAL PRESSURES] Gu A L tank contains g each of He, Ne, and Ar at 26.0 C. What is the partial pressure of each gas in the tank? 2. What is the total pressure of gaseous mixture containing 2.00 g each of H 2, O 2, and N 2 at 25 C in a 2.0 L flask? 3. A glass bulb contains a mixture of mol of He (g) and mol of Ar (g). If the pressure in the bulb is 60.0 kpa, what is the partial pressure of each gas?

11 Funsheet 7.6 [PARTIAL PRESSURES] Gu A tank contains g each of He, Ne, and Ar gas. The total pressure is kpa. What is the partial pressure of each gas? 5. A container has 4.00 x molecules of CO 2, 3.65 x molecules of CH 4, and 2.90 x molecules of NO 2. If the combined pressure is kpa, what is the partial pressure of each of the gases in the cylinder? 6. Calculate the partial pressure of H 2 as it is collected by the downward displacement of water at 25 C and kpa. The vapour pressure of water at 25 C is 23.8 Torr.

12 Funsheet 7.6 [PARTIAL PRESSURES] Gu An experiment was done to determine the molar mass of a gas by collecting the gas by the downward displacement of water. The data for the experiment is as follows: Volume of flask Temperature of gas Room pressure Mass of gas in flask 475 ml 16.7 C kpa 1.21 g If the vapour pressure of water at 16.7 C is Torr, find the molar mass of the gas. 8. A glass bulb contained mol of O 2, mol of N 2, and mol of CO 2. When all of the CO 2 was removed, the pressure of the system dropped by 42.0 kpa. What is the partial pressure of each gas and the total pressure?

13 Funsheet 7.7 [STOICHIOMETRY WITH GAS LAWS] Gu CaCO 3 is reacted with HCl to produce CO 2, H 2 O and CaCl 2. What volume of CO 2 can be produced at STP from 2.00 grams of CaCO 3? 2. What volume of ammonia gas can be produced when grams of nitrogen and 5.00 grams of hydrogen are reacted at a temperature of 17.3 o C and 150 kpa? 3. You use 5.0 kg of propane, C 3 H 8, to run a barbeque at a party. What volume of CO 2 was produced by the barbeque if on that day the weather was 27 C and kpa?

14 Funsheet 7.7 [STOICHIOMETRY WITH GAS LAWS] Gu To produce carbonic acid in pop, carbon dioxide is bubbled through water. The carbon dioxide dissolves in the water to produce carbonic acid. If L of CO 2 at 20 C and kpa is bubbled through water, how many grams of H 2 CO 3 will be produced? 5. Ms. Gu s Honda Civic holds about 40 L of gas. Gas is made of octane, C 8 H 18, which has a density of 1.45 g/ml. a) How many litres of CO 2 will a Honda Civic release into the environment per tank of gas, assuming 20 C and 101 kpa? b) If Ms. Gu fills her gas tank once a week driving to and from Collingwood, and works 39 weeks per year at Collingwood, what is her annual carbon footprint just from work?

15 Funsheet 7.7 [STOICHIOMETRY WITH GAS LAWS] Gu John buys a Hummer and fills it up with 120. L of gas. Gas is made of octane, C 8 H 18, which has a density of 1.45 g/ml. John goes cruising around the North Shore and runs out of gas. How many litres of CO 2 did his Hummer release into the atmosphere if the weather was 15 C and kpa that day?

16 Unit Refun [TEST PREP] Gu Convert the following pressures a) 35.0 kpa =? atm =? mmhg b) 500 mmhg =? kpa =? atm c) atm =? kpa =? mmhg 2. What would the pressure of a gas be at 5.0 L if that same gas at the same temperature was L at 50.0 kpa? 3. The volume of a gas at 27 C is L. What is its pressure if that same gas was found to be 35.0 atm at 567 C and 2.00 L?

17 Unit Refun [TEST PREP] Gu A gas at K and atm occupies 4.5 L. a) What would the volume of a gas be at STP? b) How many moles of this gas are there at STP? grams of a gas occupy 0.87 L at 0.35 atm and 40.0 o C. a) What is its molar mass? b) What is the gas? grams of helium are mixed with hydrogen gas. The partial pressure of He is 102 mm Hg, and the partial pressure of H 2 is 45.0 mm Hg. What is the mass of hydrogen in the flask?

18 Unit Refun [TEST PREP] Gu Equal masses of N 2 and O 2 are placed in two separate flasks which are the same volume. Both gases are at the same temperature. Determine if the following statements are true or false. If false, correct them so that they are true. a) There are more moles in the flask with N 2 than there are in the flask with O 2. b) The pressure in the flask with N 2 is less than in the flask with O 2. c) Since both volumes are the same, there must be the same number of particles in both flasks. 8. A sample of N 2(g) that occupies a volume of 533 ml at 715 mmhg is compressed, at a constant temperature, to 2.37 atm. What is the final gas volume? 9. A reaction is done with zinc metal and hydrochloric acid. What volume of gas can be collected at 2.00 atm, 20 C, and 95.0 atm if 15.0 g of zinc was used with excess hydrochloric acid?