Helium distribution and recovery on Meyrin & Prevessin sites

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2 Helium distribution and recovery on Meyrin & Prevessin sites 19/11/2018 CRG-TM Nicolas GUILLOTIN on behalf of TE-CRG-ML And contribution of : L. ALAUX, N. BONETTI, Th. DUPONT [CERN TE-CRG-ML] M. CUGNET & G. T JOENS [SERCAL] & Support sections : CRG-ME / CI / CE

3 OUTLOOK I) He DISTRIBUTION AND RECOVERY OVERVIEW : CURRENT STATUS FOR MEYRIN & PREVESSIN Helium HP circuits Helium recovery circuits II) DIFFICULTIES & POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT / MID / LONG TERM ON MEYRIN SITE 2019 upgrades (CRG-ME) : Jumbos, 20m3 Dewar, FRESCA II Purifiers area (bdgs 243/253) AD Hall (bdg 193) : GHe recovery circuit Central Liquefier (bdg 165) : LHe dewars production III) DIFFICULTIES & POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT / MID / LONG TERM ON PREVESSIN SITE GHe recovery circuits (bdgs 887 & 888 & 895)

4 HELIUM HP CIRCUITS NORTH AREA 895 PREVESSIN SPS BA4 Coldex SM18 P1 BA SH1 SM18 WAT 180 FT HIE ISOLDE 243/ 253 CENTRAL AREA Pure GHe Cylinders Pure GHe batteries PS MEYRIN

5 HELIUM RECOVERY CIRCUITS PREVESSIN 895 NORTH AREA (COMPASS) BA4-Coldex CAST SPS 3184 SH1 Pure Impure SM18 P FT013 FRESCA 1.9K pumping FT013 FT FRESCA FT012 FT010 Cryolab 253 FT072 FT014 FT WAT AD Hall PS MEYRIN

OUTLOOK I) He DISTRIBUTION AND RECOVERY OVERVIEW : CURRENT STATUS FOR MEYRIN & PREVESSIN Helium HP circuits Helium recovery circuits II) DIFFICULTIES & POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT / MID / LONG TERM ON

6 OUTLOOK I) He DISTRIBUTION AND RECOVERY OVERVIEW : CURRENT STATUS FOR MEYRIN & PREVESSIN Helium HP circuits Helium recovery circuits II) DIFFICULTIES & POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT / MID / LONG TERM ON MEYRIN SITE 2019 upgrades (CRG-ME) : Jumbos, 20m3 Dewar, FRESCA II Purifiers area (bdgs 243/253) AD Hall (bdg 193) : GHe recovery circuit Central Liquefier (bdg 165) : LHe dewars production III) DIFFICULTIES & POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT / MID / LONG TERM ON PREVESSIN SITE GHe recovery circuits (bdgs 887 & 888 & 895)

CENTRAL AREA : buildings location 279 W.A.T 180 2019 on-going upgrades (ME) : Jumbos, 20m3 Dewar, FRESCA II PURIFIERS AREA (bdgs 243/253) AD Hall : GHe RECOV.

7 CENTRAL AREA : buildings location 279 W.A.T on-going upgrades (ME) : Jumbos, 20m3 Dewar, FRESCA II PURIFIERS AREA (bdgs 243/253) AD Hall : GHe RECOV. Circuit (bdg 193) LHe DEWARS PRODUCTION : Central Lique. (bdg 165) AD Hall 193 HIE ISOLDE

CENTRAL AREA : 2019 UPGRADE (sum up) B163-B165 Upgrade -Status Meeting 08-05-2018, Andrew LEES,

transfer of LHe b163 165 ~5g/s ~5g/s ü Enable transfer of LHe from the 6m3 Dewar to the small cryostats

8 CENTRAL AREA : 2019 UPGRADE (sum up) B163-B165 Upgrade -Status Meeting , Andrew LEES, TE-CRG-ME ü 20m3 Dewar in b165 instead of the 5m3 ü Enable LHe surplus transfer b ü Possible transfer of LHe b ~5g/s ~5g/s ü Enable transfer of LHe from the 6m3 Dewar to the small cryostats of b163 ü Installation of FRESCA II in b163 ü Increase 1.9K pumping capacity for b163 ü New Jumbo cylinders b253 (72m3)

9 PURIFIERS AREA (bdgs 243 / 253) : CURRENT STATUS 3 GHe gasometers 2 Purifiers 2 operational recov. Compressors 400 & 100 Nm3/h Impure GHe batt. (20 bars) Pure GHe Cylinders (29.9 bars) Pure GHe batt. (19.6 bars) Batt. : 1, 2, 2-BIS, 3,10 + mobile batt. 19/11/2018 9

PURIFIERS AREA : POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT TERM To facilitate the GHe volume evaluation and track Helium leaks Problem / Weak point FT010

Missing FT on the recovery line from W.A.

at least cabling rework & calibration New FT installation Missing several FTs on the intersite HP lines (HIE ISOLDE, W.A.

line from HIE ISOLDE (independant from AD Hall ) Þ Could lead to GHe losses New recovery connection + FT installation (independant of AD

10 PURIFIERS AREA : POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT TERM To facilitate the GHe volume evaluation and track Helium leaks Problem / Weak point FT010 : Unstable signal due to obsolete FT and cabling Þ Pertubation of the TOTAL gazo volume Þ Perturbation of the automated CPs management Missing FT on the recovery line from W.A.T Þ Wrong evaluation of the TOTAL gazo volume Þ Perturbation of the automated CPs management Proposed solutions Replacement of the FT010 or at least cabling rework & calibration New FT installation Missing several FTs on the intersite HP lines (HIE ISOLDE, W.A.T, 163, 165) FTs installation to facilitate leak tests and evaluation of the GHe volume transfers Missing connection to the GHe recovery line from HIE ISOLDE (independant from AD Hall ) Þ Could lead to GHe losses New recovery connection + FT installation (independant of AD Hall) Missing PT on individual cylinders/batteries connections Þ Prevent from easy automated GHe volumes evaluation Install Pressure Transmitters on each individual line for Jumbos and Batteries (pure & impure) Þ To automate GHe volume evaluation 19/11/2018 S. Knoops 10

PURIFIERS AREA : POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT TERM To improve the reliability and flexibility Problem / Weak point Impure GHe pressure from the batteries can prevent from North Area gas transfers in

compressors was adapted for 3 CS and now need to be revised to avoid spurious starts/stops Missing instrumentation for the K1 Þ auto follow up of the K1 not possible Proposed solutions Replace the

filling by HP line from the NA Þ Need a process rework with adapted interlocks Control logic rework Installation of PT and TT to each stage with the adapted alarms and interlocks Not possible to use

11 PURIFIERS AREA : POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT TERM To improve the reliability and flexibility Problem / Weak point Impure GHe pressure from the batteries can prevent from North Area gas transfers in particular cases i.e : batterie pressure > 100 Bars and PV062 open Þ Process conflict for gas transfer from NA to Central Area The control logic of the recov. compressors was adapted for 3 CS and now need to be revised to avoid spurious starts/stops Missing instrumentation for the K1 Þ auto follow up of the K1 not possible Proposed solutions Replace the HV064 by a PV for an automated control Remove the non-return valve to enable impure batt. filling by HP line from the NA Þ Need a process rework with adapted interlocks Control logic rework Installation of PT and TT to each stage with the adapted alarms and interlocks Not possible to use purif1 with pre-purif2 neither purif2 with pre-purif1 Þ Would facilitate preventive & curative maintenances Þ More flexibility Add a bypass to enable purifiers switching Obsolete manual valves on the circuit dedicated to gas analysis by the Linde gas analyzer Þ unexpected pollution alarms GHe stock pressure limited to 160 bars Rework the gas analysis circuit including EV valves Adapt the piping and the safety valves to allow increase of the working pressure to 200 bars 19/11/2018 S. Knoops 11

PURIFIERS AREA : recovery compressor ü K1 : Burckhardt 400 Nm3/h; operational ü K2 : Bauer 100 Nm3/h; GHe leaks with no possibility to repair ü K3 : Burckhardt 70 Nm3/h; operational In case of major

12 PURIFIERS AREA : recovery compressor ü K1 : Burckhardt 400 Nm3/h; operational ü K2 : Bauer 100 Nm3/h; GHe leaks with no possibility to repair ü K3 : Burckhardt 70 Nm3/h; operational In case of major issue on K3, then no straightforward backup at bdg 253 Part of the impure gas could be redirected to the SM18, not the appropriated solution This aspect will become the weak point of the recov area on the long term after upgrades and consolidations Þ Replacement of the K2 and K3 by a new 200 m3/h recovery compressor?? Quotes of 2014 : 100 kchf for Bauer 200 kchf for Burckhardt!.

AD HALL : CURRENT STATUS 5 experiences are currently using LHe and return GHe :

5Mev down to 100kEV Upgrade of ALPHA and ASACUSA in 2016 (YETS) Relocation of

13 AD HALL : CURRENT STATUS 5 experiences are currently using LHe and return GHe : ALPHA, ASACUSA, ATRAP, BASE, AEGIS GBAR experience in validation phase LHe/GHe needs in a next future??? Synchrotron ELEnA : Extra Low Energy Antiproton, To decelerate antiprotons from 5Mev down to 100kEV Upgrade of ALPHA and ASACUSA in 2016 (YETS) Relocation of AEGIS and extension of BASE during LS2 (TBC) Proceedings of the 12 th International Conference on Low Energy Antiproton Physics (LEAP2016), Francois Butin

14 AD HALL : ON GOING UPGRADES P&ID needed an update as Helium connections evolve as a function of Users demands and experience requirements e.g : request from ALPHA in Sept for a new DN25 connection

15 AD HALL : ON GOING UPGRADES Update of the P&ID started in August 2018 : GHe recovery piping The last drawing / P&ID was established in 2015 ó MEYLSQLL0005 DN25 (tuyau) Aegis DN50 STOCK OF DEWARS Weak point : Currently, only one common flowmeter (FT072) to determine the global GHe flow returned to bdgs 243/253 dewar dewar dewar dewar BASE dewar dewar ASACUSA Tuyau cuivre (DN16) 1.8K PUMPING GROUP ASACUSA (EXHAUST) FT072 ALPHA Dewar 1000 litres Client DN25 CRYOLAB Alpha DN50 Gazomètre DN25 DN50 DN25 DN40 DN50 Tuyau plastique Atrap Aegis Atrap Atrap Tombac à travers mur en béton Aegis Aegis Tuyau à l air libre

16 AD HALL : POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT TERM Dewar storage area : Non-return valve OK on the gasometer line Pressure indicator on site OK ALPHA : 2 gasometer connections => Each line equipped with a non-return valve (OK) Need to create a single connection to the gasometers + flowmeter on this new line AEGIS : 3 gasometer connections => Each line equipped with a non-return valve (OK) Need to create a single connection to the gasometers + flowmeter on this new line ATRAP : 3 gasometer connections => Each line equipped with a non-return valve (OK) Need to create a single connection to the gasometers + flowmeter on this new line ASACUSA : 1 gasometer connection => The line is equipped with a non-return valve (OK) Need to create a single connection to the gasometers + flowmeter on this new line NO non-return valve on the line BASE : 1 gasometer connection NO non-return valve on the line Target / Return on investment Þ. Enable GHe/LHe consumption follow up for each Experience individually in addition to the common FT072 flowmeter. Enable He leaks tracking, then would save time and human ressources. Ease GHe volume measurement, then saves time and human ressources Gasometer return line : A GHe flowmeter independent from the HIE ISOLDE cryoplant is needed on the return line to gaso

17 CENTRAL LIQUE. : LHe DEWARS PRODUCTION CURRENT STATUS TCF50 cold box ~ 75 L/h without LN2 boost ~ 150 L/h with LN2 boost No phase separator Þ liquefaction directly in the 5 000L fix Dewar L soon!! ü Filling of LHe mobile Dewars ü Unloading of L Trailers - 13 Users of LHe Dewars - Shipments to 9 buildings v AD Hall [bdg 193] : ALPHA, ASACUSA, ATRAP, BASE, AEGIS v Cryolab [bdg 165] v Bdg 170 (ISOLDE & HIE ISOLDE), v Bdgs 30, 101, 113, 150, 157, Trailers of L were necessary in 2017 to supplement the production of the Central Liquefier 935 mobile Dewars delivered in 2017 ó ~ 49.5T of LHe 688 mobile Dewars delivered to AD Hall in 2017 ó 73.5% (~ 37T) of the LHe production from Central Lique.

18 CENTRAL LIQUE. : DIFFICULTIES & POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT TERM ü Superconducting gauges : v To control the Dewar fillings at the Central Lique. Return on investment Þ v To control the Dewar consumption on Users site (e.g AD Hall) and avoid waiting until mobile Dewars are warm!!!. Reduction of the He losses on User s site (estimation could be ~ -5%). Reduction of cool down time for the warm Dewars (currently ~10/month). Optimization of Human resources Efficient He stock evaluation Anticipation of Dewar production Cost estimation for gauges instrumentation : ~ 3.5 kchf/dewar ü Active RFID Tags : for Dewar traceability during life cycle from deliv. to recov. [Currently comments on blackboards] Return on investment Þ. To facilitate communication and organization with the Users ( conflicts) Cost estimation for active RFID Tags instrumentation per Dewar and data acquisition system: ~ 300 CHF/Dewar (Remark : 2 operators ~1h30/day for He delivery follow up) Possible collaboration with the NÉEL Institut of Grenoble is an option Þ use of RFID trackers for direct measurement of LHe level, pressures and temp.

deliveries to AD Hall from the Central Lique. With optimized prod.

transfer lines Þ Would reduce the pollution of returned GHe to the

Dedicated CB in AD Hall AEGIS ALPHA ASACUSA ATRAP BASE GBAR BP Valve Box

19 CENTRAL LIQUE. & LHe PRODUCTION : POSSIBLE CONSIDERATIONS ON LONG TERM Mobile Dewar deliveries to AD Hall from the Central Lique. With optimized prod. & logistics Fix Dewar in AD Hall Þ Implies development of DVB in b193 and transfer lines Þ Would reduce the pollution of returned GHe to the purifiers Mobile Dewar transported with a crane to the experience Dedicated CB in AD Hall AEGIS ALPHA ASACUSA ATRAP BASE GBAR BP Valve Box Gazo Þ Does NOT solve the problematics of mobile Dewar deliveries to other Users Þ Would reduce the pollution of returned GHe to the purifiers Dewar or Trailer

20 CENTRAL LIQUE. : improvement levers if mobile Dewars delivered from b165 In 2018 (and earlier) : mobile Dewars filled by means of the CB with a lique. capacity of : ~ 75 L/h without LN2 boost; ~ 150 L/h with LN2 boost 5 m3 storage Dewar was not sufficient Þ LN2 boost was not possible during WE Capacity and margin of the liquefiers in B163 and B165, based on 2015 operation data, Udo WAGNER 20 m3 Dewar will enable to stock additional ~ 5 m3 of LHe during the WE Additional problematics : LN2 boost is not possible while mobile Dewars are being filled ó Due to sub-cooling of the cold box

Filling of more than 2 mobile Dewars in // if : ü New distribution lines Þ allowing connection of up to 5 Dewars ü Increase the stock of 500L mobile Dewars (+5) ü Process rework ü

Human resources organization (flexibility) ü Possibility to return cold gas to intermediate piquage Remark : Filling of 5 to 6 Dewars in // at CNRS- Grenoble with a Helial-50 CB :

21 Filling of more than 2 mobile Dewars in // if : ü New distribution lines Þ allowing connection of up to 5 Dewars ü Increase the stock of 500L mobile Dewars (+5) ü Process rework ü Installation of a bypass with atmospheric heater to return gas to LP Return on investment Þ. Improvement of the LHe distribution. Human resources organization (flexibility) ü Possibility to return cold gas to intermediate piquage Remark : Filling of 5 to 6 Dewars in // at CNRS- Grenoble with a Helial-50 CB : ~ 50 L/h without LN2 boost ~ 110 L/h with LN2 boost Visit of the Central Liquefier of the Louis NEEL Institut (CNRS) at Grenoble in April 2018 Visit of the INAC - Central Liquefier of the (CEA) at Grenoble in April 2018 Atmo. heater

22 ü Resources and logistics : CENTRAL LIQUE. : improvement levers if 10 m3 Trailer delivered to AD Hall 2 persons permanently dedicated to production & shipment of ~ 4 Dewars/day More than ¾ of these dewars each day are delivered to AD Hall ~ 9 000L/wk 10 m 3 Trailer at AD Hall would drastically reduce the shipment time and resources

23 OUTLOOK I) He DISTRIBUTION AND RECOVERY OVERVIEW : CURRENT STATUS FOR MEYRIN & PREVESSIN Helium HP circuits Helium recovery circuits II) DIFFICULTIES & POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT / MID / LONG TERM ON MEYRIN SITE 2019 upgrades (CRG-ME) : Jumbos, 20m3 Dewar, FRESCA II Purifiers area (bdgs 243/253) AD Hall (bdg 193) : GHe recovery circuit Central Liquefier (bdg 165) : LHe dewars production III) DIFFICULTIES & POSSIBLE UPGRADES ON SHORT / MID / LONG TERM ON PREVESSIN SITE GHe recovery circuits (bdgs 887 & 888 & 895)

24 NORTH AREA : buildings location GHe recovery circuits (bdgs 887 & 888 & 895) 918 (NA62) 888 VERTEX 1 & 2 CMS-RD5 ATLAS-H8 INFRA PREVESSIN COMPASS Affiliated Cryoplants : BA4-Coldex (871) CAST ( P8) 887 EHN1 895 NA62 (918) & NEUTRINO (887) : no Cold Box / CS 19/11/2018 S. Knoops 24

25 NORTH AREA : GHe recovery on Prevessin site (bdg 887) current status From NA61.1 &.2, CMS-RD5, ATLAS H8 Installed at 20m from the floor and maintained with hoops Single recovery compressor From COMPASS From BA4

NORTH AREA : GHe recovery EHN1 instrumentation proposals GHe measurements

(passing through pulleys) As a function of the GHe volume, balloons

chain) Weak points of the current status : - Deformations of balloons

Full/Empty Necessary to activate the recovery compressor, but not

reliable Þ incrementing step losses Þ recalibration often necessary -

incremental system by laser detectors (position of the counterweights) -

Try to find flowmeters with very low load losses and adapted to wide flow

26 NORTH AREA : GHe recovery EHN1 instrumentation proposals GHe measurements : Each Balloon is connected to counterweights with metallic cables (passing through pulleys) As a function of the GHe volume, balloons inflate or deflate, acting on an incremental system (while pulling a chain) Weak points of the current status : - Deformations of balloons while inflating/deflating enable only indication of the status : Full/Empty Necessary to activate the recovery compressor, but not sufficient for volume measurement - Incremental system with chain not reliable Þ incrementing step losses Þ recalibration often necessary - Several cables not connected due to mechanical ruptures Þ repairs needed Þ work at height!! Proposition of improvements - already on going : - Replace the incremental system by laser detectors (position of the counterweights) - Install relative pressure sensors on balloon s GHe line (+/- 50 mbar) - Try to find flowmeters with very low load losses and adapted to wide flow range m3/h (should be mounted on large piping sections from 140 mm to 220 mm) Flowmeter downstream the Burckardt (895) Characteristics : 0-300m3/h (15g/s) 200 Bars 19/11/

28 ANNEX Central Liquefier mobile LHe Dewars current status 500L Dewars in Operation L Dewars needed to be replaced 500L Dewars being manufactured by Wessington Cryo 120L Dewars in Operation Remark : 11 kchf/dewar (2018 quote)

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