BSO Plus ANNUAL SAFETY REFRESHER 2017

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Lucy George
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1 The BSO Plus Safety Refresher is an annual checkpoint designed from BSO Plus content. Completing this refresher is a requirement for the Basic Safety Recertification (BSR) course, so please ensure you submit this completed test to your employer for record retention. TEST ANSWERS: ANNUAL SAFETY REFRESHER 1. According to the Occupational Health and Safety Act, as a worker, you have 3 basic rights. Match the following rights to an example of how that right could be exercised. a) Right to Know c You notice that a scaffold is missing a tag. Before beginning to work you report the unsafe condition to your supervisor b) Right to Participate c) Right to Refuse b a You join your Joint Health and Safety Committee or become a Health and Safety Representative You attend regular staff meetings and safety talks in the workplace RATIONALE: The Occupational Health and Safety Act protects your right to know about health and safety hazards in the workplace; the right participate in keeping your workplace safe, which can best be done by becoming a Joint Health and Safety Committee member or a Health & Safety Rep; and the right to refuse unsafe work. 2. Every worker is responsible only for his/her own safety. RATIONALE: OHSA s.28 states that workers are responsible for their own safety and actions, as well as for others who may be affected by their actions. You should not endanger yourself or others. If you see something, say something. 3. During day-to-day work, it is the responsibility of the to make sure that workers are wearing and using the right equipment correctly. a) Employer b) Supervisor c) Worker RATIONALE: While it is your responsibility, as a worker, to always wear or use the protective equipment that your employer requires, it is the duty of your supervisor to ensure that you are given the correct equipment and that you know how to use it properly.

2 4. According to Ontario Regulation 297 (Occupational Health and Safety Awareness and Training), your employer must provide you with the following: a) Basic occupational health and safety awareness training b) A letter of reference c) Written proof of completion of health and safety training e) Both (a) and (c) RATIONALE: In addition to their responsibilities in the OHSA, under O. Reg 297 employers must provide you with, and ensure you complete, a basic occupational health and safety awareness training program as soon as reasonably possible. You may request written proof of completion of training for up to six months after ceasing to work for that employer. 5. An individual who is convicted of contraventions of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) can face fines of up to $25,000, but will not face any jail time. RATIONALE: The maximum penalties for a contravention of OHSA or its regulations are set out in the OHSA Section 66. A successful prosecution could, for each conviction, result in: A fine of up to $25,000 for an individual person and/or up to 12 months imprisonment; A fine of up to $500,000 for a corporation. 6. A controlled product is: a) Any product, material, or substance that is shipped by a supplier b) Any product, material or substance that falls into one or more of the six WHMIS classes c) All of the above d) None of the above RATIONALE: Under the WHMIS regulation, hazardous materials are referred to as "Controlled Products". WHMIS categorizes these controlled products into 6 classes, using 8 symbols.

7. Match the WHMIS hazard symbol with the correct category below: A B C D E F 1.1 CLASS A Compressed Gas C 1.2 CLASS B Flammable & Combustible Material F 1.3 CLASS C Oxidizing Materials B 1.

6 CLASS F Dangerously Reactive Material A RATIONALE: The Hazardous Products Act (HPA) states that a controlled product is any product, material or substance specified by the regulations made to be

WHMIS categorizes these controlled products into 6 classes, using 8 symbols. 8. WHMIS provides information to workers about hazardous materials through which of the following method(s)?

3 7. Match the WHMIS hazard symbol with the correct category below: A B C D E F 1.1 CLASS A Compressed Gas C 1.2 CLASS B Flammable & Combustible Material F 1.3 CLASS C Oxidizing Materials B 1.4 CLASS D-1, D-2, D-3 Poisonous & Infectious Materials D 1.5 CLASS E Corrosive Material E 1.6 CLASS F Dangerously Reactive Material A RATIONALE: The Hazardous Products Act (HPA) states that a controlled product is any product, material or substance specified by the regulations made to be included in any of the WHMIS classes. Under the WHMIS regulation, hazardous materials are referred to as "Controlled Products". WHMIS categorizes these controlled products into 6 classes, using 8 symbols. 8. WHMIS provides information to workers about hazardous materials through which of the following method(s)? a) Supplier & Workplace labels b) Material Safety Data Sheets c) Worker education & training RATIONALE: WHMIS is a Canada-wide system that provides workers with information about hazardous materials through supplier and workplace labels, MSDS (Safety Data Sheet or SDS under new WHMIS 2015), and worker education and training. 9. Each of the 11 designated substances identified in Ontario Regulation 490 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) will have its own individual written control program and safe handling procedures.

4 RATIONALE: Each designated substance will present their own set of dangers and must be addressed with their own specific work procedures. At each site your permit will tell you if there is potential of exposure to these hazards and what precautions must be taken. People working in a building with designated substances must be aware of precautions to take to limit their exposure. 10. Observation Based Safety (OBS) is a process that allows trained observers to measure and track safety performance in a workplace. RATIONALE: OBS is a process that s integrated into the management system and relates to continuous improvement by measuring safety performance and tracking its progress. It is an effective process for improving safety awareness and creating a proactive safety culture. 11. Which communication tool would a worker use if they wanted to list each step involved in a task, along with the steps needed to mitigate any hazards associated with each step? a) Observation Based Safety (OBS) b) Task Analysis Safety Card (TASC) c) Last Minute Risk Assessment (LMRA) RATIONALE: The purpose of a TASC card is to list each step involved in the task; all the hazards associated with each step; and then the controls that will be used to mitigate those hazards. TASC cards are intended to be filled out in the field where the work is being done, and to include all workers involved in the task so that you are more likely to identify ALL of the potential hazards. Because a variety of factors can affect the work environment throughout the day, the TASC card should be reviewed when returning to the job site after breaks and any time something about the job changes. 12. Which communication tool would a worker use if they were feeling rushed and wanted to refocus their attention on a task without completing a lot of paperwork? a) Observation Based Safety (OBS) b) Task Analysis Safety Card (TASC) c) Last Minute Risk Assessment (LMRA) RATIONALE: A LMRA is a quick and easy verbal or mental check that can be done either with your crew or while working on your own for any type of job. Feeling rushed, frustrated or tired, or doing the job over and over again can lead to at-risk behaviour. A LMRA can help you work safely by refocusing on the task at hand.

5 13. Which should you NOT do to help protect yourself from heat-stress-related disorders? a) Get informed know your company s policies and procedures about working in hot environments b) Drink coffee to increase energy c) Take regular rest breaks d) Choose appropriate clothing e) Drink enough water and avoid eating large meals prior to working in hot environments RATIONALE: Avoid caffeinated beverages and alcohol because both make the body lose water, which can increase the risk of heat stress. The goal is to replenish fluids and keep your body properly hydrated. 14. Your body may be suffering from heat stress if you experience: a) A red bumpy, itching rash b) Painful cramps in your most worked muscles c) Heavy sweating, nausea or vomiting RATIONALE: The physical conditions caused by heat stress affect the body s ability to cool itself. These conditions can range from minor disorders to severe disorders, each with their own set of causes, symptoms and treatment. It is important to be aware of the symptoms of heat stress so that you can seek immediate treatment when necessary. 15. When your body shifts blood flow from your extremities (hands, feet, arms, and legs) and outer skin to your core (chest and abdomen) to protect your internal organs, your body is experiencing: a) Temperature Regulation b) Heat Stress c) Cold Stress d) Wind Chill RATIONALE: When the body reacts to cold environments it automatically protects your internal organs. Frostbite occurs when the skin tissue becomes damaged due to lack of blood flow. After prolonged exposure, your core loses heat faster than it can be generated, resulting in hypothermia. 16. Overexposure to cold environments can cause reduced mental alertness, putting a worker s safety at risk. RATIONALE: Prolonged exposure to cold can lead to hypothermia, which can lead to symptoms of confusion and disorientation. A person in this state is unable to recognize what is happening to them, and they won t be able to take steps to protect themselves.

6 17. Ergonomic hazards include the following elements: a) Work station and physical environment b) Repetition of work c) Work stations, tools and equipment, physical environments, and the organization of work d) Tools and equipment, physical environments, and the organization of work RATIONALE: Poor deign of any of these elements can put physical strain on your body. Documenting repetitive tasks, awkward postures and the forces required to perform jobs helps to assess the degree of ergonomic hazards. By being alert to problems, you can help identify injury causes and solutions 18. The three steps required to effectively manage ergonomic hazards are: a) Research, Assess, and Control b) Recognize, Administer, and Control c) Recognize, Assess, and Control d) Review, Assess, and Clarify RATIONALE: Hazards can only be managed if they are understood. In order to effectively manage hazards, first you must be able to recognize one when you see it; then you must assess the level of risk it poses; and finally, you must control it either by eliminating it completely or by reducing the risk to an acceptable level. 19. If you are exposed to asbestos, you may begin to experience symptoms of illness. a) Immediately b) Within 3 months of exposure c) 1 to 2 years after the first exposure d) 5 to 30 years (or more) after the first exposure RATIONALE: The risk of developing any illness or disease from exposure to asbestos depends on a variety of factors such as the level and duration of the exposure; the age of the person at the time of exposure; whether or not the person smokes or has smoked tobacco products; and the type and size of the asbestos fibers. Asbestos has a latency period of 5 to 30 years or more. 20. By cutting into a vinyl floor tile that contains non-friable asbestos, the asbestos can be released as friable asbestos and inhaled. RATIONALE: Friable asbestos can be crumbled, crushed, or pulverized by hand pressure and easily released into the environment. Non-friable asbestos fibres are locked or bound into the material itself but may be released through cutting or sanding activities.

7 21. Refractory Ceramic Fibres (RCFs) are man-made mineral fibres that will always appear in a blanket form. RATIONALE: In bulk form, RCFs are white or grey fibrous material, but they can also be manufactured into blanket form or even mixed into solid cast products. RCFs are commonly used in the steel, petrochemical, aerospace, and automotive industries. 22. Since there is no conclusive proof that RCFs can lead to cancer in humans, it is safe to handle without any additional personal protective equipment. RATIONALE: Although there is no conclusive proof that RCFs can lead to cancer in humans, both the Canadian Environmental Protection Agency and the American Conference for Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) list RCFs as probable and suspected human carcinogens respectively. The best course of action is to take reasonable precautions for your own safety. 23. Which of the following are reliable warning systems for H 2S? a) Signs b) Personal monitors c) Sense of smell d) Audible alarms e) (a), (b) and (d) RATIONALE: According to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS), H 2S takes only 100 ppm to overwhelm and deaden your sense of smell. You must never rely on you sense of smell to identify H 2S. Signs let you know the areas where H 2S is or may be present, and both personal and audible alarms warn you of a toxic vapour release. 24. If your work partner goes down in an H 2S area, you should go in and rescue him/her as quickly as possible. RATIONALE: High concentrations of H 2S, can kill you in seconds. Attempting to rescue your partner could be fatal to you. Contact the rescue team who is fully trained for such incidents and properly outfitted with personal protective equipment.

8 25. When working at heights, unless surrounded by a properly installed guardrail, you must be tied off to a secure anchor point at all times. RATIONALE: Sometimes, you may need to move from one location to another while working at height. You must maintain 100% tie off while working at height. When moving locations, always attach your second lanyard to the new location before unhooking the first. 26. Guardrails must be installed no further than from an edge. a) 300 mm (1 ft) b) 650 mm (2ft, 2in) c) 2 meters (6ft, 6in) d) 4 meters (13ft, 1in) RATIONALE: Guardrails are the best form of fall prevention because they prevent a fall from occurring. However, sometimes a section of a guardrail needs to be temporarily removed. The correct safe procedure is to don your fall protection equipment and tie off while you work in that area. Your fall protection gear will be your only means of protection when no guardrail is present. 27. For every 4 feet up, a ladder base should be placed out from the wall. a) 1 foot b) 2 feet c) 3 feet d) 4 feet RATIONALE: Placing the ladder 1 foot out for every 4 feet up will make the appropriate angle so that your ladder doesn t slide out from underneath you or fall backwards while you climb. For better access and egress to the work platform, allow 3 feet to extend above to the work platform. The extra length acts as a railing to hold onto while climbing on and off the ladder. Always maintain 3 points of contact while climbing up and down the ladder and also while working off it. If you are working off a ladder with both hands, then your 3 rd point of contact would be a tie off point to an adequate anchor point. 28. Ladders should always be inspected before each use. RATIONALE: Ladders must be inspected before each use. You should be looking for missing or loose parts, damage, corrosion/decay, sharp edges, and twisted or distorted rails.

9 29. Match the colour of the scaffold inspection tag to its appropriate meaning. a) Green Tag b Workers must read the tag and follow all listed precautions before using b) Yellow Tag a Scaffold is safe to use c) Red Tag d To be treated as a red tag, the scaffold is not safe to use d) No Tag c The scaffold is unsafe to use under any circumstances RATIONALE: It is important to understand the three tag system. A red inspection tag on a scaffold indicates that the scaffold is unsafe to use, and only the people who are qualified to erect and dismantle scaffolds may use a red-tagged scaffold. A yellow tag indicates the need for caution. Follow the precautions listed on the yellow tag prior to using the scaffold. The green tag means the scaffold is safe to use. If no tag is present, the scaffold must be treated as if it has a red tag. 30. The first worker onsite to verify that hazardous energy has been controlled is the only person who may apply a trade lock and information tag for that day. RATIONALE: Before the work can begin, a worker needs to verify that hazardous energy has been controlled. At least on qualified trade technician from each trade must apply a trade lock and information tag on the electrical isolation points. All workers have the right to apply a personal lock and confirm the effectiveness of the isolation points. All verification checks must be done in the presence of Operations. 31. A permit is a legal document which, by your signature, indicates that you have read, understood and agreed to abide by the conditions listed. The purpose of a safe work permit is to (Circle all the apply): a) Ensure safe working conditions are provided b) Provide formal authorization for work to proceed c) Provide workers with job specific training d) Communicate potential hazards and the protective measure required RATIONALE: There are many different types of permits. A permit is your license to work and needs to be understood prior to beginning work. By signing the permit, you are confirming that you have read, understood and agreed to abide by the listed conditions. If there is anything that you are unsure of check with your supervisor and/or Operations.

10 32. Prior to receiving a hot work permit, a gas test must be completed and recorded. RATIONALE: When using a tool that has the potential to be an ignition source or to cause a spark, a gas test needs to done prior to starting the work to protect the safety of the workers. The gas test will be performed by a competent person trained in performing this function. Make sure that the permit is filled out and signed off in the gas testing section. 33. It is safe to ride a bicycle on areas intended for pedestrians, such as a sidewalk. RATIONALE: You may come across these hazards while operating any type of vehicle on the job, whether on municipal/provincial roadways or roadways inside plant property. Pay particular attention when approaching these hazards. 34. Examples of Distracted Driving include: (Circle all that apply): a) Following too closely b) Texting while driving c) Excessive speeding d) Eating while driving e) Searching for something in the car RATIONALE: A driver s first responsibility is the safe operation of the vehicle. Engaging in any secondary activity which takes the operator s attention away from driving is deemed unsafe. 35. Falls at same level rarely cause serious injuries. RATIONALE: The first step in preventing falls is to be aware of your surroundings and identify all the potential slip, trip and fall hazards for every job you do. While paying close attention to the physical hazards that surround you is important, personal factors such as inappropriate footwear, not being aware of your surroundings, rushing, taking short cuts, and texting while walking can also lead to slips, trips, and falls. According to the WSIB, falls at the same level are the 3 rd leading cause of lost-time injuries in Ontario.

11 36. If you come across a housekeeping issue that you are unable to correct, you should: a) Cover the problem with some plywood b) Report the problem to your supervisor c) Avoid the area d) Leave the problem for somebody else to fix RATIONALE: Housekeeping is an ongoing task that needs to be done continuously throughout the day, not just at the day s end. Poor housekeeping frequently contributes to accidents by hiding hazards that cause injuries. Cleaning and organizing must be done regularly to prevent workplace hazards. Everyone is responsible for maintaining a clean work space. 37. According to the Occupational Health and Safety Act, who is responsible for housekeeping? a) Workers b) Supervisors c) Employers RATIONALE: Certain regulations under the Occupational Health and Safety Act describe the proper maintenance of floor conditions and aisle ways, lighting, machinery, equipment, and materials storage. Since maintaining a clean and safe workspace is a legal obligation under the Act, all workplace parties are subject to Ministry of Labour fines if they fail to ensure housekeeping practices are properly followed. 38. Employers and supervisors can help prevent slips, trips, and falls by: a) Developing a housekeeping plan b) Give safety talks on housekeeping c) Filling in low-lying areas with gravel to reduce the accumulation of water, ice, and mud RATIONALE: Under the Occupational Health and Safety Act, s.28.1(c) (d), any worker who is aware of a hazard has a responsibility to report it to his or her supervisor. Your supervisor can help keep the workplace safe by fixing any hazards and providing the proper equipment around the jobsite to make it easy for workers to keep the site clean and organized. 39. When communicating with workers inside a confined space, if the safety attendant does not get a response, he should: a) Follow the emergency rescue plan b) Send a co-worker in to check c) Stick his head into the entry to see what s happening d) Go find a supervisor

12 RATIONALE: Section 15(2) of the Confined Spaces regulation states that no attendant shall enter a confined space at any time. The attendant s role is to monitor the safety of the worker inside; to provide assistance to him or her from outside the confined space; and to summon an adequate rescue response if required. 40. For a fully or partially enclosed space to be designated as a confined space under the Occupational Health & Safety Act, it must meet BOTH of the following conditions: i. not designed and constructed for continuous human occupancy, and ii. in which atmospheric hazards may occur because of its construction, location or contents or because of work that is done in it RATIONALE: Section 1 of Regulation 632/05 for Confined Spaces states that both of these conditions must be met for a partially or fully enclosed space to be considered a confined space for most workplaces covered under that Occupational Health & Safety Act.

BSO Plus ANNUAL SAFETY REFRESHER 2015

BSO Plus ANNUAL SAFETY REFRESHER 2015 The BSO Plus Safety Refresher is an annual checkpoint designed from the content in BSO Plus. Completing this refresher is a requirement for the Basic Safety Recertification (BSR) course, so please ensure