Entry Descent and Landing Tools
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1 Entry Descent and Landing Tools Steve Lingard Vorticity Ltd Oxfordshire,UK
2 Content Introduction Entry and Descent Dynamics Tools Airbag Design Environment LS-DYNA Applications Entry system dynamics Inflatable structures Parachute dynamics Airbag simulation
3 Vorticity Introduction Privately owned SME (est.2001) Specialising in space vehicle EDLS Recent experience: ESA/Alcatel - Huygens DCSS NASA - Hypercone ESA - Mercury Landing Technologies ESA/Alcatel - ExoMars Phase A ESA/SSTL Earth Return Vehicle Demonstrator ESA - Alternative Descent & Landing Technologies ESA - Venus Entry Probe Study
4 Simulation Aims Entry Trajectory and dispersions Aerothermal heating estimation Accelerations / loads / pressures Entry stability / dynamics Descent Trajectory and dispersions Sequencing / deployment Parachute loads / accelerations Stability / dynamics / wind effects
5 Simulation Aims Landing Airbags Terrain Impact dynamics / terrain clearance Landing success probabilities Detailed airbag pressures / loads / stresses Thermal performance Leakage effects Release dynamics Retraction
6 Entry Trajectory Trajectory3D Object oriented C++ code XML data driven 3D trajectories of entry vehicles Multiple atmospheres Earth: GRAM Mars: MarsGRAM or EMCD Venus: VIRA / Sieff Titan: TitanGRAM Monte-Carlo / sensitivity options dispersions
7 Entry Trajectory Trajectory3D Mass evolution throughout trajectory Initial aerothermal predictions Convective flux: Sutton-Graves correlations Radiative flux: Tauber-Sutton correlations Parachute / inflatable decelerators decelerator deployment / inflation simulated inflation load predictions Sequences Unlimited parachutes / released objects Flexible sequencing by acceleration, Mach, height and time
8 Entry Trajectory / Dynamics Trajectory6D Object oriented C++ code XML data driven Coupled multiple bodies 6DOF simulations - trajectory / stability of entry vehicles ndof simulations of descent systems Multiple atmospheres Monte Carlo Wind
9 Entry Trajectory / Dynamics Trajectory6D Complete modelling of parachute dynamics Modelling of bridles / attachments Retro-rockets / TIRS type systems
10 Parachute Performance Inflate Rapid prediction of parachute inflation loads / stresses Subsonic / supersonic Large range of parachute types Built into Trajectory3D and Trajectory6D Deploy Rapid simulation of parachute deployment dynamics and snatch loads Built into Trajectory3D and Trajectory6D
11 Airbag Design Environment Terrain generation Airbag parametrics Stiffness Stroke / load Monte Carlo Impact Success Predictions Statistical Terrain coupled Cooling / Leakage Failure metrics for ground impact of store, puncture, acceleration, rupture Allows rapid airbag sizing and pressure optimization
12 LS-DYNA Overview Capabilities: General purpose finite element code; Primarily explicit time integration, limited implicit also available; Ideal for highly dynamic/large deformation scenarios; Large number of material models and element formulations; Including some fully representative of airbag materials Specialized contact algorithms, airbag and fluid-structure interaction capabilities.
13 Entry Stability Determination of pitch damping Cmq Very difficult to determine by wind tunnel test Only ballistic range tests effective Good matches to Viking data obtained
14 Entry Inflatables Inflatable entry systems Inflation, structural loads
15 Entry Inflatables Inflatable entry systems Structural stability, aeroelastic / aerodynamic stability
16 Descent Complex parachute behaviour modelling FSI simulation has stated to explain many parachute dynamic phenomena
17 Landing Systems - Airbag Impact dynamics Mercury Landing Technologies airbag concepts Rapid trading of stroke, g, pressure for multiple configurations
18 Landing Systems Airbags Jettison
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