Appendix A Heritage Additional Information & Photographs

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Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July 2014 153 Appendix A Heritage Additional Information & Photographs By 1892 it was reported in The Colonist 21 that construction of the

1 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Appendix A Heritage Additional Information & Photographs By 1892 it was reported in The Colonist 21 that construction of the road and seawall had commenced The Rocks Road. Work is now proceeding in connection with the construction of the road round the Rocks. On the further side of the Basin five men were yesterday breaking up, with the aid of explosives, the larger of the rocks piled up there, and moving the smaller ones and pieces to make a temporary road across the Basin, with a view to enabling the workmen and prisoners to have easy access to the rocks beyond. Another party of men was engaged in cleaning the spare piece of ground between Mr Franzen s store and the Custom House hotel, with a view to preparing for the making of the cement blocks at this place. It is possible that gravel will be taken to the spot by train, and if so the trucks can be unloaded on the site, while, if the material is water borne, small craft can lie almost alongside. Photograph 45: Workmen at Rocks Road, Nelson, circa 1890s. Source: Alexander Turnbull Library. At a meeting of the Rocks Road Committee in 1893 it was reported that another batch of prisoners had been engaged on the construction of the road bringing the total number of prisoners engaged in the work to twenty. 22 However, by 1894 it was suggested that the works might progress more quickly without the use of prison labour. The Colonist, Volume XXXVII, Issue 7882, 8 March 1894, Page 3 reads: The Chairman felt that the work should proceed quicker than it was by means of prison labor. He suggested that they should ask the Minister of Public Works to place grant on this year s Estimates, and deduct the amount from the prison labor. He felt sure that they would do better with the money than the prisoners. He had taken the Minister of Lands to see the work, and pointed out to him how slow the work was proceeding with prison labor. Mr McKenzie suggested more prisoners being obtained, but he (the Chairman) said that there was no room in the Nelson Gaol for more prisoners, and it would be cheaper for the Government instead of enlarging the Gaol to give them a money grant in lieu of prison labor. He also took the Railway Commissioners to see the work, and both they and the Minister were very pleased with it, and pronounced it to be an excellent piece of work. 21 The Colonist, Volume XXXV, Issue 7290, 7 April 1892, Page The Colonist, Volume XXXVI, Issue 7752 on 5 October 1893.

2 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Mr Everett had very great pleasure in moving that the Chairman request the Minister for Public Works to give a grant of 1000 in lieu of prison labor. It was apparent to all the extreme slowness of the prisoners. It was annoying to the Engineer and to all of them to see the work proceeding so slowly, besides it was not fair to the undertaking. The slowness of prison labor had also put them to considerable extra cost, as the wall was obliged to be backed up. [ ] Nelson City Council (NCC) NCC use a numerically scaled scoring system for determining significance value. This scale, which ranges between 0<20, can be interpreted as follows: 1 to 4 Minor 5 to 8 Moderate 9 to 12 Important 13 to 16 Major 17 to 20 Outstanding A maximum number of 140 points can be accumulated. The NCC Heritage Assessment Form (For Buildings/Places/Objects) provides a description of the significance values and associated point score attributed to Rocks Road and Wakefield Quay. The following significance values have been extracted in full. Historical and Social Value Late 19th century, unusual design seafront road. Associated with well-known early Nelson people. Tinline, Cawthron. Opened by P.M. R. Seddon. Score: 18 (Outstanding) Cultural and Spiritual Value Reminder of English seaside promenade from early days of Nelson. Score: 16 (Major) Architectural Value Unusual design in the use of chain instead of the more common railing in such situations. Score: 16 (Major) Group and Setting Value Important roadside barrier on main entrance to Nelson around the seaside Score: 18 (Outstanding) Landmark Significance Value No comment Score: 7 (Major)

3 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Archaeological Value No comment Score: 1 (Minor) Technological and Scientific Value Cast by local foundry. No longer in existence (Anchor foundry) Score: 4 (Major) Total score 80 points out of a maximum of 140 points.

4 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Appendix B Archaeological Check

5 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July

6 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Appendix C Cultural Research Report- Local Iwi History

Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July 2014 159 Initial Cultural Research Report For Ltd.

7 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Initial Cultural Research Report For Ltd. Opus International Consultants For Rocks Road Shared Path. Prepared by: Cindy Batt(Te Ata) Cultural Researcher 13 January 2014

8 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July INTRODUCTION At the request of Opus International, I have carried out the initial cursory investigation into the significance of the area named as Rocks Road to the Māori of Wakatu and Te Tauihu o te waka-ā-maui. The following report is the result of a combination of, research, discussions, documented and verbal accounts and the initial consultation hui with local Iwi Māori on December 13, The report is intended as an independent opinion and is intended as a resource to assist with the understanding of the significance of acknowledging Iwi and their historical connections to the area known today as Rocks Road. It is intended as a predecessor to formal feedback and input from Iwi and further consultation with Opus International Consultants Ltd. 2. IWI INCLUDED IN CONSULTATION PROCESS Te Ātiawa, Ngāti Koata, Ngāti Kuia, Ngāti Tama, Ngāti Toa, Rangatira and Ngati Rarua Recommendation: Further hui with Iwi to allow for additional information and input to include within the context of the formal proposal. 3. Outcomes of Cultural Research There has been significant research carried out locally by various academics and Tangata Whenua pertaining to first arrival of Māori and the colonisation of Wakatū. Many of the elders that held the knowledge of our forefathers and their arrival in this area have since passed and their knowledge has become slowly diluted over the decades. It is reassuring to know that within some of the families of Mana Whenua and Tangata Whenua our history and stories live on amongst us. Within the whakatauki (proverbs) and waiata(laments) of local Iwi are gems of oral history which aid in unlocking and confirming the stories of our elders.

Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July 2014 161 Cultural Research to support the Redevelopment of Rock s Road.

9 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Cultural Research to support the Redevelopment of Rock s Road. Period 13 December 13 January 2014 GENERAL It s hard to imagine Nelson without a Rock s Road, but for the first fifty colonial years the only road to Tahuna or(tātahi) as it was originally known, ran through Bishopdale and down through Jenkins swamp. Walkers and hunters climbed up Toi Toi or Washington Valleys and wandered along the hillside. It was possible for those more energetic to get to Tahuna by scrambling over the rocks below the cliffs, but definitely only at low tide. Some young children used to travel this route to school from Nelson to Stoke. The first mention of a road around the rocks came from Councillor T. Harley who in 1876 moved in a council meeting that a half-tide road be formed round the rocks. This didn t work as it meant that the road and road surface would in time be washed away. Nelson s Mayor at the time asked the Government to grant money to commence the formation of Rock s Road. The Government refused. The town clerk at the time then wrote to the Waimea County Council asking them to appoint members to attend a committee which had already been chosen by the Nelson City Council. The subject of consideration being a road to the Waimea s, under the Road s and bridges construction Act. Only main roads of that time were eligible for a Government subsidy. April 1884 they received a letter from Parliament agreeing to their proposal, hence the building of the first road was begun. The first phase spread over the 1880 s and 1890 s. In 1895 the road became passable for traffic and was in use. Convict labour was used in the building of the road, and this was by no means a new thing for Nelson, even as early as Anecdotal evidence suggests prisoners from the land wars in Taranaki were also used in the construction of the Rocks road.

Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July 2014 162 Cultural Matters: Māori relationship and connection with these areas date back hundreds of years, arguably earlier than

10 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Cultural Matters: Māori relationship and connection with these areas date back hundreds of years, arguably earlier than documented accounts mentioning 1350AD and relinquishes many stories and legends of what would progressively become an industrious and well inhabited region. Wakatu and its coastal regions including the area now known as Rocks Road and the Haven would certainly have been a prime location when it was first come upon. Remembering that a strong characteristic of traditional Māori lifestyle was its mobility. Whole communities would move for harvests at certain times of the year for fishing and hunting seasons, for planting crops, whanau or political reasons and conflict or scarce resources. Water is a taonga for the well-being of Maori people. For in the days before Pakeha came to this land our people would often bathe in the sea to soothe away the aches of the body and soul, and in the rivers that were the life-blood of Papatuanuku we find the wai Maori or fresh water that could ease our distress and provide comfort when pain or unease afflicted us. If our Maunga gave us the bedrock of the identity we could recite in our pepeha, it was the water that carried us to them. Wakatu and its coastal regions including the area now known as Rocks Road and the Haven would certainly have been a prime location when it was first come upon. Not only for the abundant food that Tasman Bay supplied and trading opportunities but also for the bountiful resources which came from the land such as bird life, pakohe (argillite) and various plant life and flaxes. A recorded site at the foot of what is now Bisley Ave and on both sides, is one of the most revealing in the area between the traffic lights in Tahunanui and the Crop and Food building at the waterfront. This site revealed evidence of pre-colonial occupation. It was also discovered that there was an urupa in the area proposed for development (traditional burial site) near this area. The Bisley Ave site would have been at the mouth of what was the Waimea River. This is also the area that all the rubble and stone was amassed for the building of the first sea road around the rocks. The road fill itself came from the hills, cliffs and a majority from the beachfront at Tahunanui. A huge expanse of area cleared to obtain enough rubble for the new road was taken from sites which had previously been occupied and urupa were also violated. One of the more notable settlements in the area of the haven would have to be Matangi Awhio.

Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July 2014 163 Nelson from Matangi Awhio, late 1870's. Nelson Provincial Museum. Tyree Collection.

There were also seasonal kainga (homes) situated along the boulder bank, Manuka Island (Haulashore Island) and scattered around the surrounding formidable coastline.

11 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Nelson from Matangi Awhio, late 1870's. Nelson Provincial Museum. Tyree Collection. [The prominent building at the end of Haven Road housed various businesses, including the Custom House. Designed by John Rochfort it remained a feature of Nelson until There were also seasonal kainga (homes) situated along the boulder bank, Manuka Island (Haulashore Island) and scattered around the surrounding formidable coastline. Nelson s Tasman Bay and what is now the marina would have been bustling with voyaging, fishing and trading waka. Maori would be engaged in swimming and other water activities. Some of the men folk would be catching birds whilst women folk would be gathering or preparing kai from the gardens or resources for weaving, while children would play and entertain themselves with numerous varieties of games. This Pa would have hosted many a traveller from the southern, western, eastern and northern directions. Not only was it an anchor and mostly a respite for the Māori who visited here but it was also an integral trading station for the Māori who resided nearby. Te Puna Wai was a fishing camp that Ngati Koata inhabited at the base of Richardson Street and the small spring which trickled down and into the sea still exists today. The water that seeped from this spring is believed to have had therapeutic properties. Oral accounts also tell us of at least two fresh water springs that existed in the Haven directly out from where the spring at the base of Richardson Street is located. Because of the puna (springs) in the side of the hill above Rocks road and the frequent slips Māori used these sites as prime māra (gardening) areas. Because of the unstable nature of the land above Rocks road Māori would not build their kainga there. Within the hills above Rocks Road and the valley s behind a vast matrix of small streams used to flow. These would have been small treasure troves to the original inhabitants of the area.

Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July 2014 164 Not only would they have been another provider of food and water they were also their bathing and washing areas and supplied a

12 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Not only would they have been another provider of food and water they were also their bathing and washing areas and supplied a spiritual anointer for the Tohunga and healers of the time. Although Te Punawai, is one such spring that has been identified as being utilised in this manner, you can be sure that there would have been others whose names and specific locations have been lost over the course history, or through colonisation. Ngati Koata pūrakau (ancestral stories) tell of an urupa in what is now known as the Basin Reserve. The early legends of this region tell of Tutaeporoporo a taniwha shark who became the companion of Tu Ariki a chief of high ranking. Tutaeporoporo is believed to have been caught in Tasman Bay by Tu Ariki, a Ngāti Apa chief who was at the time residing in Wakatu for the fishing season. The well-known navigator Kupe is also said to have been returning to the north island after visiting Nelson when two of his men whom had taken a liking to the region wanted to return. They took his daughter and escaped in two different waka one heading towards Nelson. The legend recounts that when giving chase Kupe got close to the cliffs at MacKay s Bluff he chanted karakia in order to summon the boulders to roll towards Nelson forming a barrier that caused Pani (Kereopa s crewman) to turn towards Tahuna, disembark his waka and continue to flee inland on foot. From the days of Kupe up to present day it is obvious that Nelson s Rock s Road, Tasman Bay and Tahunanui have an extensive history. Present day Rock s Road continues to shelter us from the surging waves of Tasman Bay aided by the Boulder Bank which buffers a lot of the damaging pressure of the Tasman Sea. Many Nelsonians and visitors enjoy recreational fishing, swimming and other leisure sports on and around Rock s Road. Māori Aspirations for the Future Development of Rocks Road. For Māori of Whakatū the significance of Rocks Road and the role it plays in connecting areas of Nelson is and always has been inherently obvious. It is the view of mana whenua iwi that the rich Māori relationship to the area is not portrayed in a way that respectfully acknowledges the habitation of their Tipuna (ancestors) or Ahi Kaa (ancestral connection to the area). Ideally it would be wonderful to see the memorials, plaques; sculptures etc. which are located at various points along Rocks Road reflect accordingly the history of Māori habitation in balance with those of the first colonial settlers and migrants. Iwi have also expressed their concern over the denigrated condition of their mahinga kai (traditional kai gathering areas.) The depleted shellfish population and the loss of access to

13 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July areas of significance to them. This report suggests that Māori would support any initiative that would allow the restoration of the shell fish beds and marine environment along this section of road. The road itself which is weighed down by tonnes of vehicles on a daily basis encapsulates remains of ancestors and many taonga, from when burial sites were decimated and destroyed to amass the rubble and foundations for what is now a state highway and Nelson s scenic seaside route to and from the city. As such this report further recommends that iwi monitors are on sight throughout any project initiated in this area. There is a definitive desire of Māori today to protect and enhance the area known as Rocks Road and the Nelson Haven. Tidal currents, erosion, natural disasters, heavy traffic and man have all taken their toll on Rocks Road. Conclusion: To be successful any project initiated in this area would have to take in all community views. It is suggested that what Māori require in terms of recognition of their taonga tuku iho (treasure of the ancestors) and the reinstatement of the marine environment is not dissimilar to the benefits required by the wider community of Whakatu (Nelson). Also this report seeks to point out that the cost, in dollar terms, would only be a very small percentage of the total budget. References; Historic Tahuna B.E. Dickinson. Old Tasman Bay NZETC Ngā Iwi o Te Tau Ihu Hilary and John Mitchell The Prow (website) A to J s Appendices and Journals of the House of Representatives. Oral Accounts; Ekauaterangi Te Kaho Paora Kerehoma. (Matua Kere Graham) Iwi Sources: Cris Hemi (Ngati Kuia), Mike Elkington (Ngati Koata), Harvey Ruru (Te Ati Awa), Pene Grieger (Ngati Koata). Environmental Advisors: Kura Stafford (Tiakina Te Taiao)

14 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Appendix D Landscape References

15 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Photograph 46: Focussing attention on existing landscape features Norway Photograph 47: Wellington waterfront sculpture trail

16 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Photograph 48: Wellington waterfront sculpture trail

17 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Nelson Yacht Club Site

18 Title Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July

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23 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Port Nelson Site

24 Title Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July

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26 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Fishing Platform Site

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28 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Plant and Food Site

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33 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Car park and Seafarers Site

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39 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Basin Reserve Site

40 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Title No title

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42 Photograph 49 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July

43 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Harbour Lights Site Title

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46 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Photo Street View

47 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Appendix I Geology Map

48 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July

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50 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Appendix J Parking Survey Sheet

51 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Parking Provision (as surveyed onsite on the 7th of January 2014) Aspect On Street Public Carpark (Capacity = 30) On Street (Parallel Unrestricted) On Street (Parallel Restricted) On Street (Angle) Number of Spaces Occupied by Parking Area Parking Area A Parking Area B Parking Area C Parking Area D Yacht Carpark (Capacity = 19 excl. boat) On Street (unrestricted) On Street (restricted) On Street (unrestricted) Basin Reserve (Capacity = 10) Parking Area E Parking Area F Parking Area G On Street (unrestricted) On Street (unrestricted) On Street (unrestricted) Measured 6 Allotted (LHS), 37m + 44m (RHS) 30 Allotted (RHS) 81m, 85m (LHS), 42m, 19.2m, 8.1m, 3.7m (RHS) 7.7m (LHS), 6m (RHS) 7 Allotted (RHS) 19 Allotted (RHS) 7.1m, 11.7m, 24m, 14.6m, 14.2m, 11.1m, 10.3m, 12.5m, 8.9m, 10.3m, 22.8m, 5.3m, 18m, 20.5m, 39.9m (LHS) 5.8m, 6.1m, 5.4m (LHS) 82m (RHS) 10 (LHS)(estimated could potentially be up to 17 with some minor works and marking) 62.6m (RHS) 32.6m, 9.6m (LHS), 149.8m, 187m (RHS) 166m (RHS) Restriction Unrestricted Unrestricted Unrestricted 5 min Limit (LHS), Unknown (RHS) Unrestricted Unrestricted Unrestricted Resident Only Unrestricted Unrestricted Unrestricted Unrestricted Unrestricted LHS Parking RHS Parking Total Spaces On Road Parking Area Markings A B C D 'X' LHS 5 Min Restriction 'X' RHS Unknown Restriction '8' LHS Resident Only E F G

52 Rocks Road Cycle and Walking Project Investigation Report July Appendix K Option Drawings

MANA MOANA, MANA WHENUA, MANA TANGATA!

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