Checklist of parasites of New Zealand fishes and of their hosts

Transcription

1 New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: Checklist of parasites of New Zealand fishes and of their hosts G. C. Hewitt & P. M. Hine To cite this article: G. C. Hewitt & P. M. Hine (1972) Checklist of parasites of New Zealand fishes and of their hosts, New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 6:1-2, , DOI: / To link to this article: Published online: 29 Mar Submit your article to this journal Article views: 1236 Citing articles: 64 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at

2 1972] 69 CHECKLIST OF PARASITES OF NEW ZEALAND FISHES AND OF THEIR HOSTS G. C. HEWITT Zoology Department, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand and P. M. HINE Fisheries Research Division, Marine Department, Wellington, New Zealand (Received for publication 2 July 1971) ABSTRACT Three hundred and fifty-six species of parasites (70 Protozoa, 1 Aspidogastra, 82 Digenea, 37 Monogenea, 2 Cestodaria, 36 Cestoda, 59 Nematoda, 4 Acanthocephala, 6 Hirudinea, 53 Copepoda, 1 Branchiura, 2 Isopoda) are listed from 140 species of fish from New Zealand and the Subantarctic Islands. The hosts are divided into Agnatha (1 species), Elasmobranchii (21 species), Holocephali (1 species) and Teleostei (117 species) and listed within these groups in alphabetical order of genus and then species; parasites are listed with the species on which they occur and the site of parasitism is specified if known. Indexes are provided to the parasites and to the families of the host genera. INTRODUCTION The parasites of New Zealand's fish are poorly known, even though 356 species of parasite have so far been described from 140 species of fish. Few of these host species have been thoroughly searched for parasites, and hence can be expected to harbour many more undescribed or unrecorded parasites. The known number of host species is only about one-quarter of the total fish species recorded from our waters. Despite the fact that much more remains to be discovered about the parasite fauna of New Zealand fish, it was felt that the provision of a check list of those recorded to date was worthwhile. Much of the literature is scattered, some published in New Zealand, some overseas and several contributions are in thesis or manuscript form. This makes it difficult for those without a specialist interest in parasitology to find the literature. The major aim of this account, then, is to provide the ichthyologist or the parasitologist with a list of parasites and hosts, and further references to assist in the identification of the parasites. N.Z. Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 6 {1 & 2) :

3 70 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE SUGGESTED USE OF THE LIST The occurrence of a parasite upon a particular host depends on the phenotype of that host and its ecology. Where hosts are physically and physiologically similar and/or share similar positions in space or in food webs, then they are likely to harbour similar parasite faunas. For this reason the list is arranged to allow ichthyologists to find out rapidly not only what parasites have been recorded from the species they are interested in, but also what parasites have been recorded from other species within the same genus and other genera within the same family. The list is not intended to provide identifications, but simply a first step in the identification process. When a species of parasite has been positively identified, ichthyologists may then be able to use the list to see what other hosts the parasite is known from. There have been a number of cases where a similarity in parasite fauna has thrown light on ecological and zoogeographical relationships which were not otherwise obvious, for example, Kabata (1970) on the origin of the host genus Merluccius, following the finding of the parasite Brachiella lageniformis (formerly known from the Atlantic coast of Argentina only) on this same host in the North Pacific. ARRANGEMENT OF THE LIST The major listing (pp ) is arranged in order of host fish, with the hosts divided into Agnatha, Elasmobranchii, Holocephali and Teleostei. Within these groups the hosts are listed according to alphabetical order of genus and then species within the genus. Against each host are listed the parasites of that host. If the site of parasitism has been recorded, or can be reasonably inferred, then this information is listed also. Following this are references that we believe are particularly useful in giving information about the parasite concerned. The second section (pp ) is a list of the families of known hosts arranged in alphabetical order, with the host genera, listed against their family. The purpose of this section is to facilitate comparison of parasite faunas from related hosts. The third section (pp ) is an index of parasites arranged phylogenetically according to their major taxa and then alphabetically according to genus and then species within the genus. The hosts on which they are found are referenced by the code numbers which precede each host listing in the first section. Each code number is preceded by one of the letters, A, E, H, or T, signifying Agnatha, Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, and Teleostei respectively. LIMITATIONS OF THE LIST Although the authors hope that all major works on parasites of New Zealand fishes have been recorded here, it is certain that some records will have been overlooked. In particular, where records occur in papers concerned primarily with ichthyology and have not been recorded in the parasite sections of the Zoological Record, and where the title of the

4 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 71 paper gives no clue to its parasitological content, then it may well have been missed. The authors would be grateful if other workers would draw omissions to their attention. The authors have used their own judgment in omitting some records which are too vague, or doubtful. An example is the omission from the lists of isopods of the genus Cirolana. Although these are sometimes found on live fish, they are usually only present when the fish has sustained injury that has broken the skin and allowed temporary access to members of this group. They have not been considered to be strictly parasitic, since they more typically attack dead fish. Similarly, only natural hosts are included. Hosts artificially infected in the course of experiments, e.g., those involved in the work of Howell (1966a) on Bucephalus longicornutus, are omitted. The authors have sought assistance in ensuring that the names given for hosts are recognisable, and that names are used consistently throughout the list, but no effort has been made to revise host names beyond that. CHECKLIST AGNATHA (Hagfish, lampreys) Al Eptatretus cirrhatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Hagfish, blind eel. PROTOZOA : MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma heptatreti Laird, 1949: blood Laird 1948, 1949, HIRUDINEA Bdellamaris eptatreti Richardson, 1953: site not recorded Richardson ELASMOBRANCHII (Sharks, skates and rays) El Alopias vulpinus (Bonaterre, 1788). Thresher shark. Nemesis robusta (van Beneden, 1851) : gills Hewitt 1969c. E2 Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus, 1758). White shark. Phyllobothrium lactuca van Beneden, 1850: spiral valve Robinson 1959a. Hepatoxylon megacephalum (Rudolphi, 1819) adult: spiral valve Robinson 1959a. Dinemoura latifolia Steenstrup & Liltken, 1861: buccal cavity, gills, body surface Hewitt 1967a. Dinemoura producta (Muller, 1785) : body surface, usually ventral Hewitt 1967a. Anthosoma crassum (Abildgaard, 1794) : buccal cavity Hewitt 1968c. Nemesis lamna lamna Risso, 1826: gills Hewitt 1969c.

5 72 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE E3 Cephaloscyllium shark. Leptomicrobothrium Hargis 1965a. Isabella (Bonnaterre, 1788). Carpet shark, cat longiphallus Dillon & Hargis, 1965: gills Dillon & Otodisrtomum veliporum Monticelli, 1889: stomach Mantel" Probolitrema roiundatum Johnston, 1934: site not recorded Manter Calyplrobothrium chalarosomum Alexander, 1963: spiral valve Alexander Anisakis sp. larva: stomach Brunsdon Terranova sp. c: stomach Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802): intestine, rare (ingested?) Brunsdon E4 Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765). Nemesis lamna vermi Scott, 1929: gills Hewitt 1969c. E5 Dalatias licha (Bonnaterre, 1788). Black shark. Otodistomum veliporum Monticelli, 1889: stomach Manter Hepatoxylon megacephalum (Rudolphi, 1819) postlarva: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Monorygma hyperapolytica (Obersteiner, 1914) : spiral valve Alexander Anisakis sp. larva: stomach Brunsdon Terranova sp. a: stomach Brunsdon E6 Dasyatis sp. Stingaree. Charopinus parkeri (Thomson, 1890) : attached to gills Thomson 1890, Kabata E7 Deania calcea (Lowe, 1839). Shovel-nosed spiny dogfish. Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten, 1802) postlarva: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Anisakis sp. larva: stomach Brunsdon E8 Galeorhinus australis (Macleay, 1881). School shark, southern tope. Hexabothrium akaroensis Dillon & Hargis, 1968: gills Dillon & Hargis Anthobothrium laciniatum var. longicolle Linton, 1891: spiral valve Alexander Hepatoxylon megacephalum (Rudolphi, 1819) postlarva: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Lacistorhynchus tenuis (van Beneden, 1858) adult: spiral valve Robinson 1959a.

6 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 73 Anisakis sp. larva: stomach Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: rare, stomach (ingested?) Brunsdon Dinemoura latifolia Steenstrup & Liitken, 1861: buccal cavky, gills, body surface Hewitt 1967a. Pandarus satyrus Dana, 1852: buccal cavity and body surface Hewitt 1967a, Cressey Pandarus bicolor Leach, 1816: body surface and fins Hewitt 1967a. Anthosoma crassum (Abildgaard, 1794) : buccal cavity Hewitt 1968c. E9 Isurus oxyrinchus (Rafinesque, 1810). Blue pointer, mako shark. Ceratobothrium xanthocephalum Monticelli, 1892: spiral valve Robinson 1892:spira l Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten, 1802) postlarva: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Gymnorhynchus Robinson, 1959: s {Gymnorhynchus) isuri Robinson, 1959: spiral valve Anisakis sp. larvae: stomach Brunsdon Nesippus borealis (Steenstrup & Liitken, 1861) : body surface Hewitt 1967a. Dinemoura latifolia Steenstrup & Liitken, 1861: buccal cavity, gills, body surface Hewitt 1967a. Phyllothyreus cornutus (Edwards, 1840) : site not recorded Hewitt 1967a. Pandarus satyrus Dana, 1852: buccal cavity, body surface Hewit1967a,Phylothyreuscomutus(Edwards,1840):sitenotrecorded Hewit 1967a. Cressey Anthosoma crassum (Abildgaard, 1794) : buccal cavity Hewitt, 1968c. Nemesis lamna lamna Risso, 1826: gills Hewitt 1969c. E10 Lamna nasus (Bonnaterre, 1788). Porbeagle shark. Echthrogaleus coleopfratus (Guerin, 1837) : body surface Hewitt 1967a. Anthosoma crassum (Abildgaard, 1794): buccal cavity Hewitt 1968c. Ell Mustelus antarcticus Giinther, Spotted smooth-hound. Ceratomyxa sp. e: gall bladder Meglitsch Chloromyxum obliquum: gall bladder Meglitscti Ceratomyxa sp. g: gall bladder Meglitsch Erpocotyle antarctica (Hughes, 1928) : gills Dillon & Hargis Ptychogonimus megastoma (Rudolphi, 1819) : stomach Yeh Phyllobothrium lactuca van Benedem, 1850: spiral valve Robinson 1959a, Alexander Calliobothrium eschrichtii van Beneden, 1850: spiral valve Alexander Calliobothrium tylotocephalum Alexander, 1963: spiral valve Alexander Calliobothrium verticellatum van Beneden, 1850: spiral valve Alexander Orygmatobothrium versatile (Diesing, 1854) : spiral valve Robinson 1959a. Echinobothrium coronatum Robinson, 1959: spiral valve Robinson 1959b, Alexander 1963.

7 74 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE Acanthocheilus bicuspis (Wedl, 1855) : intestine Brunsdon Terranova antarctica Leiper & Atkinson, 1914: stomach Leiper & Atkinson HlRUDINEA Branchellion parked Richardson, 1949: site not recorded Richardson 1949a. Nesippus orientalis Heller, 1868: buccal cavity Hewitt, 1967a. Lernaeopoda galei Kroyer, 1837: gills and cloaca Thomson 1890, Bassett- Smith ISOPODA Livoneca raynaudii Edwards, 1840: stomach Hurley E12 Myliobatis ienuicaudatus Hector, Prochristianella aetobatis Robinson, 1959: site not given Robinson 1959b. E13 Notorhynchus cepedianus (Peron, 1807). Broadsnouted seven-gill shark. Phyllobolhrium dohrnii (Oerley, 1885) : spiral valve Robinson 1959a, Alexander Hepatqxylon megacephalum (Rudolphi, 1819) postlarva: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Grillatia heptanchi (Vaullegaard, 1899) : spiral valve Robinson 1959a. Anisakis sp. larva: stomach Brunsdon Nesippus orientalis Heller, 1868: buccal cavity Hewitt 1967a. Pandarus bicolor Leach, 1816: body surface and fins Hewitt 1967a. E14 Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758). Blue shark. Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten, 1802) postlarva: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Anthobothrium laciniatum var. brevicolle Linton, 1891: spiral valvei Alexander Anisakis sp. larva: stomach Brunsdon Echthrogaleus coleoptratus (Guerin, 1837) : on body surface Hewitt 1967a. E15 Raja sp. Skate. PROTOZOA: MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma gargantua Laird, 1951: blood Laird Otodistomum veliporum Monticelli, 1889: stomach Manter Ptychogonimus megastoma (Rudolphi 1819) : stomach Manter Distomum veliporum Dollfus, 1937: site not given Young Merizocotyle amplidiscata Dillon & Hargis, 1965: gills Dillon & Hargis 1965a. Empruthotrema raiae (MacCallum, 1916) : nasal chamber Robinson 1961.

8 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 75 Acanthobothrium wedli Robinson, 1959: spiral valve Robinson 1959b, Alexander Phormobothrium affine (Olsson, 1867) : spiral valve Alexander Clydonobothrium elegantissimum (Lonnberg, 1889): spiral valve Alexander Clydonobothrium leioformum Alexander, 1963: spiral valve Alexander Acanthobothrium filicolle var. benedeni Lonnberg, 1889: spiral valve Alexander Acanthobothrium filicolle var. paulum Linton, 1891: spiral valve Alexander Echinobothrium coenoformum Alexander, 1963: spiral valve Alexander Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802): intestine, rare (ingested?) Brunsdon Anisakis sp. larva: rare, stomach (ingested?) Brunsdon 1953, unpublished HlRUDINEA Branchellion parked Richardson, 1949: site not recorded Richardson 1949a. Pontobdella benhami Richardson, 1950: site not recorded Richardson Charopinus parkeri (Thomson, 1890): attached to gills Thomson 1890, Kabata E16 Scymnodon plunketi (Waite, 1910). Plunket's shark. Otodistomum plunketi Fyfe, 1953: body cavity and cardiac stomach Fyfe 1953, Garrick 1959, Manter Asthenocotyle kaikourensis Robinson, 1961: skin Robinson Terranova sp. b: stomach Brunsdon E17 Sphyrna zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758). Hammer-head shark. Perissopus dentatus Steenstrup & Liltken, 1861: site not recorded Hewitt 1967a. E18 Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, Spotted spiny dogfish. Probilotrema philippi Woolcock, 1935: body cavity Manter Erpocotyle squali (MacCallum 1931) : gills Dillon & Hargis Calicotyle ramsayi Robinson, 1961: cloaca Robinson Trilocularia acanthiaevulgaris (Olssen, 1867) : spiral valve Alexander Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten, 1802) postlarva: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Anisakis sp. larva: stomach Brunsdon Demoleus latus Shiino, 1954: site not recorded Hewitt 1967a.

9 76 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE E19 Squalus sp. Dogfish. Frobilotrema clelandi Johnston, 1934: body cavity Manter E20 Torpedo fairchildi Hutton, Electric ray. Distomum veliporum Dollfus, 1937: site not given Young Otodistomum veliporum Monticelli, 1889: stomach Manter Amphibdella cuticulovagina Dillon & Hargis, 1965: grooves between gill filaments Dillon & Hargis 1965a. Amphibdelloides maccallumi (Johnston & Tiegs, 1922) : gill filament between lamellae Dillon & Hargis 1965a. Calyptrobothrium riggii Monticelli, 1893: spiral valve Alexander Calyptrobothrium occidentale Linton, 1901: spiral valve Alexander Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten, 1802) postlarva: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Anisakis sp. larva: stomach Brunsdon Contracaecum (T hynnascaris) sp. larva: rare, stomach (ingested?) Brunsdon E21 Typhlonarke aysoni (Hamilton, 1902). Blind electric skate. Pentaloculum macrocephalum Alexander, 1963: spiral valve Alexander 1963 : E22 Unidentified shark. Echthrogaleus braccatus (Dana, 1853) : site not recorded, Napier Hewitt 1967a. Echthrogaleous denticulatus Smith, 1874: site not recorded Thomson 1890, Hewitt 1967b. HOLOCEPHALI (Elephant fish, ghost sharks) HI Callorhinchus milii Bory de St Vincent, Elephant fish. ASPIDOGASTREA Macraspis elegans Olsson, 1869: gall bladder Manter Callorhynchicola multitesticulatus Manter, 1955: gills Manter 1955a. Erpocotyle callorhynchi (Manter, 1955) : gills Dillon & Hargis RIA Gyrocotyle rugosa Diesing, 1850: spiral valve Manter 1951, Gyrocotyle urna (Griibe & Wagener, 1852) : spiral valve Manter 1951, (This is now thought to be G, maxima by us.) HIRUDINEA Branchellion parkeri Richardson, 1949: site not recorded Richardson 1953.

10 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 77 TELEOSTEI (Bony fish) Tl Acanthoclinm quadridactylus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Rockfish, taumaka. Haemogregarina (Hepatozoon?) acanthoclini Laird, 1953: blood Laird Myxidium incurvatum Thelohan, 1892: gall bladder Laird PROTOZOA: CILIATA Scyphidia (Gerda) acanthoclini Laird, 1953: firmly attached to gill lamellae Laird, 1953 : Trichodina (Trichodina) parabranchicola Laird, 1953: mostly on branchiae, a few outside operculum Laird Trichodina {Trichodina) multidentis Laird, 1953: gills Laird T2 Acanthoclinus trilineatus Griffin, PROTOZOA: CILIATA Trichodina (Trichodina) parabranchicola Laird, 1953: mostly on branchiae, a few outside operculum Laird T3 Aldrichetta forsteri (Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1836). "Herring", yellow-eyed mullet. Tergestia agnostomi Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Diplasiocotyle johnstoni Sandars, 1944: gills Hargis & Dillon Lacistorhynchus tenuis (van Beneden, 1858) pleurocercus: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Anisakis sp. larva: common, encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries and under peritoneum Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: body cavity and in stomach and intestine Brunsdon Hedruris spinigera Baylis, 1931: female attached to mucosa of stomach, male usually attached to female Baylis 1931, Stokell 1936, Brunsdon unpublished T4 Allomycterus jaculiferus (Cuvier, 1818). Porcupine fish. Anisakis sp. larva: encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries and under peritoneum Brunsdon Hatschekia quadrata Hewitt, 1969: gills Hewitt 1969b. Acanthochondria chilomycteri (Thomson, 1890) : mouth Thomson T5 Anguilla australis schmidtii Phillipps, Short-finned eel. Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Niooll, 1915) : stomach Yeh Telogaster opisthorchis Macfarlane, 1945 adult: posterior intestine Macfarlane 1945, Stegodexamene anguillae Macfarlane, 1951 adult: intestine Marfarlane 1951, 1952.

11 78 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE Phyllodistomum anguillae Macfariane, 1936: urinary bladder Macfarlane unpublished Tricotyledonia genypteri Fyfe, 1954: stomach Yeh 1955, Manter Eustrongylid.es sp. larva: free in stomach, coiled and/or encapsulated on mesenteries, stomach and intestine Brunsdon Cucullanus sp. b: intestine Brunsdon Hedruris spinigera Baylis, 1931: female attached to mucosa of stomach, male usually attached to female Brunsdon Paraquimperia sp.: intestine Brunsdon T6 Anguilla dieffenbachii Gray, Long-finned eel. Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Nicoll, 1915) : stomach Yeh, Stegodexamene anguillae Macfarlane, 1951 adult: intestine Macfarlane 1951, 1952, Manter Coitocaecum anaspidis Hickman, 1934: site not given Manter Telogaster opisthorchis Macfarlane, 1945 metacercaria: intestine Macfarlane 1952, Manter Phyllodistomum anguillae Macfarlane, 1936: urinary bladder Macfarlane unpublished Tricotyledonia genypteri Fyfe, 1954: stomach Yeh 1955, Manter Paraquimperia, sp.: intestine Brunsdon Philometra sp. a: body cavity Brunsdon Eustrongylides sp. larva: free in stomach, coiled and or encapsulated on stomach, intestine and mesenteries Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: rare, in stomach Brunsdon unpublished Paranisakis sp. larva: rare, encysted in stomach wall Brunsdon unpublished Hedruris spinigera Baylis, 1931: female attached to mucosa of stomach, male usually attached to female Stokell 1936, Brunsdon Cucullanus sp. a: intestine, Brunsdon Cucullanus sp. b: intestine Brunsdon Anguillicola australiensis Johnston & Mawson, 1940: swim bladder Brunsdon Spirocamallanus sp.: intestine Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. d: stomach Brunsdon T7 Anthias pulchellus Waite, Ceratomyxa arcuata Thelohan, 1895: gall bladder Meglitsch T8 Argentina elongata Hutton, Silverside. Anisakis sp. larva: encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries and under peritoneum Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris} sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon T9 Arnoglossus scapha (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Witch, megrim. PROTOZOA: MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma caulopsettae Laird, 1951: blood Laird Ceratomyxa sp. f: gall bladder Meglitsch Leptotheca pinguis Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Leptotheca sp. b: gall bladder Meglitsch Leptotheca sp. c: Urinary bladder Meglitsch 1960.

12 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 79 Sphaerospora undulans Meglitsch, 1970: urinary bladder, ureters, and oviducts Meglitsch Ceratomyxa uncinata Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa sp. b: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa hama Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa vepallida Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa renalis Meglitsch, 1960: urinary bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa faba Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa laxa Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa torquata Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Opegaster caulopsettae Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Derogenes varicus (Mliller, 1784) : stomach Manter, Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon T10 Arripis trutta (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Kahawai. Leptotheca minima Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Leptotheca annulata Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Anahemiurus sp.: site not recorded Baker Telorhynchus arripidis Crowcroft, 1947: intestine Manter Gonoplasius truttae Dillon & Hargis, 1965: gills Dillon & Hargis 1965b. Nybelinia sp. larva: stomach (ingested?) Baker Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) : intestine Brunsdon unpublished 1956, Baker Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon ISOPODA Codonophilus imbricatus (Fabricius, 1787) : mouth and throat Baker Nerocila orbignyi (Guerin) : body (?) Thomson Til Caesioperca lepidoptera (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Red perch, oia, butterfly perch. Ceratomyxa gemmaphora Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa sp. d: gall bladder Meglitsch Lecithocladium excisum (Rudolphi, 1819) : intestine Manter T12 Callogobius atratus Griffin, Goby. Leptotheca subelegans Laird, 1953: bile Laird T13 Cantherines scaber (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Leatherjacket. Pseudocreadium monacanthi Layman, 1930: intestine Manter 1954.

13 80 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE T14 Capromimus abbreviatus (Hector) Rough dory. Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon T15 Caranx lutescens (Richardson, 1843). Trevally. Ceratomyxa inconstans Jameson, 1929: gall bladder Meglitsch Microcotyle longirostri Robinson, 1961: gills Robinson Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. i: stomach Brunsdon T16 Carassius sp. Goldfish. BRANCHIURA Argulus japonicus Th'iele, 1900: body surface Pilgrim T17 Centriscops humerosus (Richardson, 1846). Bellows fish. Ceratomyxa constricta Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Pseudopecoelus japonicus (Yamaguti, 1938). intestine Manter Coitocaecum tylogonium Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in body cavity, stomach and intestine Brunsdon unpublished T18 Cheilodactylus douglasii Hector, Porae. T19 Cheilodactylus macropterus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Tarakihi. Ceratomyxa insolita Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa aggregata Davis, 1917: gall bladder Meglitsch Plagioporus dactylopagri Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Genolinea dactylopagri Manter, 1954: stomach Manter Cardicola whitteni Manter, 1954: gills, probably from blood vessels Manter Microcotyle nemadactylus Dillon & Hargis, 1965: gills Dillon & Hargis 1965b. Anisakis sp. larva: encapsulated on visera, mesenteries and under peritoneum Brunsdon Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon

14 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 81 Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) : intestine Brunsdon Cucullanellus sp. c: larva in intestine Brunsdon Aethon garricki Hewitt, 1968: gills Hewitt 1968c. T20 Chelidonichthys kumu (Lesson & Garnot, 1829). Red gurnard. Stephanostomum australis Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Plagioporus preporatus Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Helicometra grandora Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Tubulovesiculu angusticauda (Nicoll, 1915): stomach Manter Derogenes various (Milller, 1784) : stomach Manter Anisakis sp. larva: encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries, and under peritoneum Brunsdon Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. f: stomach Brunsdon Capillaria sp. c: stomach Brunsdon T21 Chironemus spectabilis (Hutton, 1872). Red moki. Genolinea anura (Layman, 1930) : caeca Manter Encotyllable chironemi Robinson, 1961: gills Robinson T22 Chrysophrys auratus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Snapper. Lecithocladium magnacetabulum Yamaguti, 1934: site not given Manter Bivagina pagrosomi (Murray, 1931) : gills Dillon & Hargis 1965b. Cucullanellus cnidoglanis Johnston & Mawson, 1945: stomach and intestine Brunsdon unpublished 1953, unpublished 1953, Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon unpublished T23 Coelorhynchus australis (Richardson, 1839). Javelin-fish, rat-tail. PROTOZOA: MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma coelorhynchi Laird, 1951: blood Laird Auerbachia monstrosa Meglitsch, 1968: gall bladder Meglitsch Haemogregarina coelorhynchi Laird, 1951, 1952: blood Laird 1951, Ceratomyxa subtilis Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Lepidapedon australis Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Gonocerca phycidis Manter, 1925: stomach Manter Diclidophora coelorhynchi Robinson, 1961: gills Robinson 1961, Dillon & Hargis Sig 6

15 82 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) : intestine Brunsdon Paranisakiopsis australiensis Johnston & Mawson, 1945: alimentary canal Brunsdon Capillaria sp. b: intestine Brunsdon unpublished Ascarophis sp. j: intestine Brunsdon unpublished unpublished T24 Coelorhynchus jasciatus (Giinther, 1878). Rebelula laticervix (Hewitt, 1964) : head and neck buried in host, just behind the head Hewitt 1964b. T25 Conger verreauxi Kaup, Conger eel. Dolichoenterum longissimum Ozaki, 1924: intestine Manter Lepidapedon congeri Manter, 1954: intestine, Manter Podocotyle caithnessi Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Brevicreadium congeri Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Lecithochirium flexum Manter, 1954: stomach, Manter Lecithochirium canviva Liihe, 1901: stomach Manter Tricotylelonia genypteri Fyfe, 1954: stomach Manter 1954, Fyfe Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Niooll, 1915) : stomach Manter Derogenes various (Miiller, 1784) : stomach Manter Anisakis sp. larva: encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries, and under peritoneum Brunsdon Cucullanus robustus Yamaguti 1935: intestine Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. b: stomach Brunsdon Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) aduncum Rudolphi, 1802 larva: two types, from stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, from stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Congericola pallidus van Beneden, 1854: gills Hewitt 1969c. T26 Congiopodus leucopaecilus (Richardson, 1846). Pigfish. PROTOZOA: MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma congiopodi Laird, 1951: blood Laird Ceratomyxa castigata Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa gibba Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Leptotheca sp. a: gall bladder Meglitsch Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon T27 Contusus richei (Freminville, 1813). Globe-fish. TREMATODA: Diploproctodaeum plicitum (Linton, 1928): intestine Wilkinson unpublished T28 Coridodax pullus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Butterfish. Cardicola coridodacis Manter, 1954: gills and coelom probably from blood vessels Manter 1954.

16 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 83 (?)Lacistorhynchus tenuis (van Beneden, 1958) larva: body wall Ritchie unpublished (?) Gymnorhynchus sp.: around spine, behind skull Ritchie unpublished" Philometra sp. c: nasal capsule Ritchie Caligus brevis Shiino, 1954: body surface Ritchie ISOPODA Codonophilus lineatus (Miers, 1876) : throat Ritchie T29 Crapatalus novaezelandiae Giinther, Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon T30 Cyttus australis (Richardson, 1842). Boarfish. Ceratomyxa declivis Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Pseudopecoelus hemilobatus Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Plagioporus (Caudotestis) pachysomus Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Nicoll, 1915) : Stomach Manter Lecithocladium seriolellae Manter, 1954: stomach Manter Derogenes various (Muller, 1784) : stomach Manter T31 Cyttus novaezelandiae (Arthur, 1885). Silver dory. Ceratomyxa declivis Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Derogenes various (Muller, 1784) : stomach Manter Hepatoxylon 1959a. trichiuri (Holten, 1802) postlarva: body cavity Robinson Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon T32 Diplocrepis puniceus (Richardson, 1846). Clingfish. Davisia diplocrepis Laird, 1953: urinary bladder, bladder appearing slightly milky in very heavy infections Laird Leptotheca subelegans Laird, 1953: bile Laird Myxidium incurvatum Thelohan, 1892: gall bladder Laird PROTOZOA: CILIATA Trichodina {Trichodina) parabranchicola Laird, 1953: on branchiae, outside operculum and on ventral sucker Laird Trichodina (Trichodina) multidentis Laird, 1953: gills Laird 1953.

17 84 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE T33 Ellerkeldia semicincta (Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833). Half-banded sea perch. Ceratomyxa angusta Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch T34 Ericentrus ruber (Hutton, 1872). PROTOZOA: MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma tripterygium Laird, 1951: blood Laird Haemogregarina bigemina Laveran & Mesnil, 1901: blood Laird PROTOZOA: CILIATA Caliperia longipes Laird, 1953: attached to gills Laird Trichodina {Trichodina) parabranchicola Laird, 1953: on branchiae, a few outside opereulum Laird Trichodina {Trichodina) multidentis Laird, 1953: gills Laird T35 Forsterygion varium (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). PROTOZOA: MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma tripterygium Laird, 1951: blood Laird 1951, Haemogregarina bigemina Laveran & Mesnil, 1901: blood Laird Sphaeromyxa tripterygii Laird, 1953: gall bladder Laird Zschokkella sp.: urinary bladder Laird Myxosoma tripterygii Laird, 1953: subdermal connective tissue of caudal peduncle Laird PROTOZOA: CILIATA Trichodina {Trichodina) parabranchicola Laird, 1953: on branchiae, a few outside opereulum Laird Trichodina {Trichodina) multidentis Laird, 1953: gills Laird Microcotyle brevis Dillon & Hargis, 1965: gills Dillon & Hargis 1965b. T36 Galaxias brevipinnis Giinther, Telogaster opisthorchis Macfarlane, 1945: metacercaria, muscle (encysted) Macfarlane, 1945, Coitocaecum anaspidis Hickirian, 1934: intestine Macfarlane Stegodexamene anguillae Macfarlane, 1951 metacercaria: muscle (encysted) Macfarlane 1951, Phyllodistomum anguillae Macfarlane, 1936: urinary bladder Macfarlane unpublished T37 Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns, 1842). Whitebait, inanga, minnow. ACANTHOCEPHALA Acanthocephalus sp.: site not recorded Manter 1955b. Coitocaecum anaspidis Hickman, 1934: intestine Macfarlane Deretrema minutum Manler, 1954: intestine Manter 1954, McDowall Telogaster opisthorchis Macfarlane, 1945: metacercaria, muscle (encysted) Macfarlane 1945, Hedruris spinigera Baylis, 1931: female attached to mucosa of stomach, male usually attached to female Baylis 1932, Stokell 1936, Brunsdon unpublished 1956, McDowall 1968.

18 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 85 Eustrongylides sp. larvae: encapsulated in body cavity on organs, o>r in flesh Stokell 1936; McDowall Dorylaimus sp.: in stomach McDowall Aphelenchus sp.: in stomach McDowall T38 Genyagnus monopterygius (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Catfish, monkfish, stargazer. Neocreadium geniagni Howell, 1966: intestine, pyloric caeca and gall bladder Howell 1966b. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon unpublished 1953 T39 Genypterus blacodes (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Ling. Auerbachia anomala Meglitsch, 1968: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa recta Meglitsch, 1960: urinary bladder Meglitsch Sphaerospora sp.: bile Meglitsch Cerotomyxa inversa Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Lecithochirium genypteri Manter, 1954: stomach Manter Tricotyledonia genypteri Fyfe, 1954: stomach Manter 1954; Fyfe Derogenes various Muller, 1784: stomach Manter Hepatoxylon 1959a. trichiuri (Holten, 1802) postlarva: body cavity Robinson Anisakis sp. larva: encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries, and under peritoneum Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon unpublished Cucullanus sp. d: intestine Brunsdon Lepeophtheirus distinctus Hewitt, 1963: site not recorded Hewitt Chondracanthus genypteri Thomson, 1890: gills Thomson Sphyrion laevigatum Guerin, 1839: gills and body surface, head buried in the flesh Thomson 1890, Phillipps ISOPODA Livoneca raynaudii Edwards, 1840: site not recorded Hurley T40 Gnathophis habenatus (Richardson, 1848). Silver conger. Ascarophis sp. b: stomach Brunsdon T41 Gobiomorphus gobioides (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1837). Coitocaecum anaspidis Hickman, 1934: intestine Macfarlane Stegodexamene anguillae Macfarlane, 1951 metacercaria: muscle (encysted) Macfarlane Phyllodistomum anguillae Macfarlane, 1936: urinary bladder Macfarlane umanguillaemacfarlane, 1936 : Eustrongylides sp. larva: free in stomach, coiled and/or encapsulated on mesenteries, stomach and intestine Stokell 1936, Brunsdon

19 86 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE T42 Gobiomorphus spp. Telogaster opisthorchis Macfarlane, 1945 metacercaria: muscle (encysted) Macfarlane T43 Helcogramma medium (Giinther, 1861). PROTOZOA: MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma tripterygium Laird, 1951: blood Laird 1951, Haemogregarina bigemina Laveran & Mesnil, 1901: blood Laird Sphaeromyxa tripterygii Laird, 1953: gall bladder Laird PROTOZOA: CILIATA Trichodina (Trichodina) parabranchicola Laird, 1953: on branchiae, a few outside operculum Laird Trichodina (Trichodina) multidentis Laird, 1953: gills Laird PROTOZOA: SUCTORIA Endosphaera engelmanni Entz, 1896: hyperparasitic in Trichodina multidentis Laird, T44 Helicolenus papillosus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Sea perch. Ceratomyxa inconstans Jameson, 1929: gall bladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa angusta Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Pseudopecoelus vulgaris (Manter, 1934) : intestine and caeca Manter Helicometra grandora Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Ectenurus lepidus Looss, 1907: stomach Manter Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Nicoll, 1915) : stomach Manter Megalocotyle australis (Robinson, 1961) : gills Dillon & Hargis 1965a. Microcotyle neozealanicus Dillon & Hargis, 1965: gills Dillon & Hargis 1965b. Anisakis sp. larva: encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries, and under peritoneum Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva, two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Cucullanus sp. e: intestine Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. e: stomach Brunsdon Capillaria sp. d: site not recorded Brunsdon T45 Hemerocoetes monopterygius (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Opal fish. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Philometra sp. b: body cavity Brunsdon Cucullanus sp. larva b: stomach Brunsdon unpublished T46 Hemerocoetes waitei Regan, Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon T47 Hoplichthys haswelli McCulloch, Flathead. Haemogregarina hoplichthys Laird, 1952: blood Laird 1952.

20 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 87 Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon T48 Hyperoglyphe porosa (Richardson, 1845). Bream. Lepeophtheirus argentus Hewitt, 1963: on body surface Hewitt T49 Kathetostoma giganteum Haast, Stargazer, monk fish. Bucephalus longicornutus (Manter, 1954) : pyloric caeca and intestine Manter 1954, Hcwell 1966a. Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) sp. larva: rare, in stomach (ingested?) Brunsdon, T50 Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758). Bonito. Caligus productus Dana, 1852: under operculum Dana 1852, Hewitt T51 Lampris regius (Bonnaterre, 1788). Moonfish. unpublished T52 Latridopsis ciliaris (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Moki. Holorchis pulcher Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Proctoeces subtenue (Linton, 1907): posterior intestine Manter Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Nicoll, 1915) : stomach Manter Genolinea dactylopagri Manter, 1954: stomach Manter Cucullanellus sheardi Johnston & Mawson, 1944: intestine Brunsdon unpublished Lepeophtheirus erecsoni Thomson, 1891: on body surface Thomson 1891, Hewitt Aethon morelandi Hewitt, 1968: gills Hewitt 1968c. T53 Latris lineata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Trumpeter. Megalocotyle latridis Robinson, 1961: gills Robinson Megalocotyle johnstoni Robinson, 1961: gills Robinson Cucullanellus sp. d: intestine Brunsdon

21 88 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE T54 Lepidopus caudatus (Euphrasen, 1788). Frostfish, para. Ceratomyxa elongata Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Winkenthughesia australis Robinson, 1961: gills Robinson Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten, 1802) postlarva: body cavity, pericardium swim bladder, muscles Robinson 1959a. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Lepeophtheirus heegaardi Hewitt, 1963; site not recorded- Hewitt Hatschekia crenata Hewitt, 1969: gills Hewitt 1969b. T55 Lepidorhynchus denticulatus (Richardson, 1846). Deep-sea whiptail. Anisakis sp. larva: encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries, and under peritoneum Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thyrtnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. a: stomach Brunsdon T56 Lepidotrigla brachyoptera Hutton, Spotted gurnard. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. h: stomach Brunsdon T57 Leptoscopus macropygus (Richardson, 1846). Stargazer, monk fish. Haemogregarina leptoscopi Laird, 1952: blood Laird Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon unpublished 1956 Cucullanus sp. a: intestine Brunsdon Hedruris spinigera Baylis, 1931: female attached to mucosa of stomach, male usually attached to female Brunsdon Anisakis sp. larva: rare, encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries and under peritoneum Brunsdon unpublished HIRUDINEA Makarabdella manteri Richardson, 1959: branchial chamber (perhaps an incidental infection after capture of host) Richardson T58 Lotella rhacina (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Rock cod, southern hake. Neolepidapedon cablet Manter, 1954: intestine and caeca Manter Opecoelus lotellae Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Sterrhurus lotellae Mantef, 1954: stomach Manter Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon unpublished 1956

22 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 89 T59 Macruronus novaezelandiae (Hector, 1871). Whiptail. Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Nicoll, 1915) : stomach Manter Derogenes various (Muller, 1784) : stomach Manter Gonocerca phycidis Manter, 1925: stomach Manter Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holtem, 1802) postlarva: body cavity Robinson 1959a. Anisakis sp. larva: common encapsulated on viscera, mesenteries, and under peritoneum Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) : intestine Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. g: stomach Brunsdon Capillaria sp. a: intestine Brunsdon unpublished T60 Makaira mazara (Jordon & Snyder, 1801). Black marlin. Penella histiophori Thomson, 1890: head buried in flesh, trunk and egg strings protruding Thomson Gloiopotes huttoni (Thomson, 1890) : on body surface, especially near vent Thomson 1890, Hewitt 1964d. T61 Makaira mitsukurii (Jordon & Snyder, 1901). Striped marlin. Gloiopotes huttoni (Thomson, 1890) : body surface, especially near vent Thomson 1890, Hewitt 1964d. T62 Merluccius gayi (Guichenot, 1847). English hake, whiting. Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Nicoll, 1915): stomach Manter Gonocerca phycidis Manter, 1925: stomach Manter Contracaecum {Thyrtnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) : intestine Brunsdon Contracaecum {Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon unpublished 1956 T63 Mola mola (Linnaeus, 1758). Sunfish. Odhnerium calyptrocotyle (Monticelli, 1893) : intestine Manter 1954, Dihemistephanus lydiae (Stossich, 1896) : site not recorded Manter Accacladocoelium alveolatum Robinson, 1934: site not recorded Manter Rhynchopharynx paradoxica Odhner, 1928: site not recorded Manter Gymnorhynchus (Molicola) horridus (Goodsir, 1841). pleurocerus: liver Robinson 1959a. Anchistrocephalus microcephalus (Rudolphi, 1819) : intestine Robinson 1959a.

23 90 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE Lepeophtheirus nordmanni (Edwards, 1840) : body surface Hewitt 1964c, Lepeophtheirus hastatus Shiino, 1960: body surface Hewitt 1964c, Cecrops latreillii Leach, 1816: gills McCann 1961, Hewitt 1968a. T64 Mora pacifica Waite, Googly-eyed cod. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) : intestine Brunsdon Cucullanus sp. f: intestine Brunsdon Capillaria sp. e: stomach Brunsdon T65 Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, Grey mullet. Cucullanus sp. g: intestine Brunsdon Cucullanellus sp. b: intestine Brunsdon 166 Neophrynichthys latus (Hutton, 1876). Toadfish. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Cucullanus sp. h: intestine Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) : intestine Brunsdon T67 Notoclinus fenestratus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Top knot. Haemogregarina bigcmina Laveran & Misnil, 1901: blood Laird Myxidium incurvatum Thelohan, 1892: gall bladder Laird PROTOZOA: CILIATA Trichodina (Trichodina) parabranchicola Laird, 1953: on branchiae, a few outside operculum Laird Trichodina (Trichodina) multidentis Laird, 1953: gills Laird T68 Notopogon lilliei Regan, Bellows fish. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon unpublished 1956 T69 Notothenia colbeeki Boulenger, MONOOENEA Pseudobenedenia nototheniae Johnston 1931: on body surface, Subantarctic Is. Johnston 1931, Johnston & Mawson Porrocaecum decipiens (Krabbe) larva: flesh, Antipodes Is. Waite 1909, 1916, Johnston & Mawson, ISOPODA Livoneca raynaudii Edwards, 1840: gills, Antipodes Is. Waite Hurley 1961.

24 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 91 T70 Notothenia macrocephala Giinther, Maori Chief. Choanomyzus tasmaniae Manter & Crowcroft, 1950: intestine Manter Proenenterum isocotylum Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Proenenterum ericotylum Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Derogenes nototheniae Manter, 1954: gills and stomach Manter Mitrostoma nototheniae Manter, 1954: caeca and intestine Manter Pseudobenedenia nototheniae Johnston, 1931: on body surface Subantarctic Is. Johnston 1931, Johnston & Mawson, Porrocaecum decipiens (Krabbe) 1916, Johnston & Mawson larva: flesh, Antipodes Is. Waite T71 Notothenia microlepidota Hutton, Black cod. Porrocaecum decipiens (Krabbe) larva: flesh, Snares Auckland Is. Waite 1916, Johnston & Mawson HIRUDINEA Notobdella nototheniae Bemham, 1909: body surface, Snares Is. Benham 1909, Richardson 1949b. T72 Oncorhynchus tschawytscha (Walbaum, 1792). Quinnat salmon. Hedruris spinigera Baylis, 1931: stomach StokeH Paeonodes nemaformis Hewitt, 1969: gills, operculum and bases of pectoral fins Hewitt 1969d. T73 Parapercis colias (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Blue cod. PROTOZOA : MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma parapercis Laird, 1951: blood Laird Pancreadium otagoensis Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Plagioporus (Caudotestis) pachysomus Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Steringotrema rotundum Manter, 1954: gall bladder and stomach Manter Lecitocladium excisum (Rudolphi, 1819) : stomach Manter, Gonocerca phyddis Manter, 1925: stomach Manter, Microcotyle constricta Robinson, 1961: gills Robinson 1961, Dillon & Hargis 1965b. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Aethon percis (Thomson, 1890): gills Thomson 1890, Hewitt 1968c.

25 92 N.Z. JOURNAL OF MARINE & FRESHWATER RESEARCH [JUNE T74 Paratrachichthys trailli (Hutton, 1875). Roughy. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon T75 Paristiopterus labiosus (Giinther, 1871). Giant boarfish. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) : intestine Brunsdon T76 Pelotretis flavilatus Waite, Lemon sole. Ceratomyxa uncinata Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Benthotrema richardsoni Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Neobivagina pelotretis Dillon & Hargis, 1965: gills Dillon & Hargis 1965b. T77 Peltorhamphus novaezeelandiae (Gunther, 1862). Sole. Ceratomyxa nitida Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Leptotheca pinguis Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Sphaerospora undulans Meglitsch, 1970: urinary bladder and ureters Meglitsch Neobivagina pelotretis Dillon & Hargis, 1965: gills Dillon & Hargis 1965b. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) : intestine Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Cucullanellus sp. a: intestine Brunsdon ACANTHOCEPHALA Heteracanthocephalus peltorhampi (Baylis, 1944) : site not recorded Bayliss 1944, Petrotschenko T78 Philypnodon spp. Bully. Telogaster opisthorchis Macfarlane, 1945 metacercaria: muscle (encysted) Macfarlane Stegodexamene anguillae Macfarlane, 1951 metacercaria: muscle (encysted) Macfarlane T79 Physiculus bachus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Red cod. PROTOZOA: MASTIGOPHORA Trypanosoma coelorhynchi Laird, 1951: blood Laird Ceratomyxa polymorpha Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Stephanostomum pristis (Deslongchamps, 1824): intestine Manter Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Nicoll, 1915) : stomach Manter Derogenes varicus (Miiller,'1784) : stomach Manter 1954.

26 1972] HEWITT & HINE CHECKLIST OF N.Z. FISH PARASITES 93 Bothriocephalus scorpii (Miiller, 1776) : intestine Robinson 1959a. Ascarophis sp. k: stomach Brunsdon unpublished Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon unpublished Trifur lotellae (Thomson, 1890) : gills, head buried in flesh Thomson Chondracanthus lotellae Thomson, 1890; gills and abdominal wall Thomson ISOPODA Livoneca raynaudii Edwards, 1840: (on?) stomach Hurley T80 Plagiogenion rubiginosus (Hutton, 1875). Ceratomyxa flexa Meglitsch, 1960: gallbladder Meglitsch Ceratomyxa intexua Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Bivesiculoides otagoensis Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. c: stomach Brunsdon T81 Polyprion moene Phillipps, Bass, moene. Ceratomyxa moenei Meglitsch, 1960: gall bladder Meglitsch Lepeophtheirus polyprioni Hewitt, 1963: on body surface Hewitt 1963, 1964a. T82 Polyprion oxygeneios (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Groper, hapuku. Neolepidapedon polyprioni Manter, 1954: intestine Manter Tubulovesicula angusticauda (Nicoll, 1915) : stomach Manter Allocotylophora polyprionum Dillon & Hargis, 1965: gills Dillon & Hargis 1965b. Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. larva: two types, in stomach, intestine and body cavity Brunsdon Contracaecum (Thynnascaris) sp. cf. legendrei (Dollfuss, 1933) : stomach Brunsdon Cucullanus sp. c: intestine Brunsdon Ascarophis sp. i: stomach, Brunsdon Lepeophtheirus polyprioni Hewitt, 1963: on body surface Hewitt 1963, 1964a.