2nd GLOBEFISH HIGHLIGHTS A QUARTERLY UPDATE ON WORLD SEAFOOD MARKETS. APRIL 2018 ISSUE, with Annual 2017 Statistics

Transcription

1 2nd iss 2 ue 18 GLOBEFISH HIGHLIGHTS A QUARTERLY UPDATE ON WORLD SEAFOOD MARKETS APRIL 218 ISSUE, with Annual 217 Statistics GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218 1

2 ABOUT GLOBEFISH GLOBEFISH forms part of the Products, Trade and Marketing Branch of the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department and is part of the FISH INFOnetwork. It collects information from the main market areas in developed countries for the benefit of the world s producers and exporters. Part of its services is an electronic databank and the distribution of information through the European Fish Price Report, the GLOBEFISH Highlights, the GLOBEFISH Research Programme and the Commodity Updates. The GLOBEFISH Highlights is based on information available in the databank, supplemented by market information from industry correspondents and from six regional services which form the FISH INFOnetwork: INFOFISH (Asia and the Pacific), INFOPESCA (Latin America and the Caribbean), INFOPECHE (Africa), INFOSAMAK (Arab countries), EUROFISH (Central and Eastern Europe) and INFOYU (China). The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN FAO, 218 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO s endorsement of users views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via contact-us/licence-request or addressed to copyright@fao.org. FAO information products are available on the FAO website ( org/publications) and can be purchased through publications-sales@fao.org. This publication has been printed using selected products and processes so as to ensure minimal environmental impact and to promote sustainable forest management Cover photography imjustintime - unsplash

3 GLOBEFISH HIGHLIGHTS A quarterly update on world seafood markets

4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Globefish highlights This issue of GLOBEFISH Highlights has been prepared by Silvio Alejandro R. Catalano Garcia, Helga Josupeit, Rita Monteiro Pierce, Shen Nianjun, Turan Rahimzadeh and Weiwei Wang with contributions by Shirlene M. Anthonysamy (Pangasius and Tilapia), Felix Dent (Salmon and Seabass/ bream), Fatima Ferdouse (Shrimp and Tuna), Erik Hempel (Cephalopods, Crab, Groundfish, Lobster and Small Pelagics), Thomas Jensen (Events, Eurofish contribution), Helga Josupeit (Bivalves), Giulia Loi (Food safety issues), Rodrigo Misa (Salmon, Shrimp and Tilapia regional contributions), Ferit Rad (Seabass/bream regional contributions), Turan Rahimzadeh (Events section), Katia Tribilustova (Seabass/ bream regional contributions) and Weiwei Wang (Fishmeal/ oil). Full bios on all contributors are available at in-action/globefish/background/publication-contributors. Weiwei Wang provided coordination, Rita Monteiro Pierce provided editing services, Silvio Alejandro R. Catalano Garcia directed the graphic design, Helga Josupeit and Shen Nianjun were responsible for quality content review, Turan Rahimzadeh was responsible for the layout, and Fatima Ferdouse and Weiwei Wang created statistical figures. The Norwegian Seafood Council provided data support for the FAO Fish Price Index. Illustrations were sourced from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Original Scientific Illustrations Archive.

5 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Globefish highlights APMDA ASEAN CFP CFR CIF DFO DOC EMS EWS FAO FTA GMRI HAPO IATTC ICES IEO MARD MOIT MSC NPFMC NSC RFC SFP SPRFMO TAC TiLV VASEP WTO YTL Agro Processing and Market Development Authority Association of Southeast Asian Nations Common Fisheries Policy Cost and Freight Cost, insurance and freight Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans US Department of Commerce Early Mortality Syndrome Ex warehouse Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Free Trade Agreement Gulf of Maine Research Institute Hellenic Aquaculture Producers Organization Inter American Tropical Tuna Commission International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Spanish Institute of Oceanography Viet Nam Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Viet Nam Ministry of Industry and Trade Marine Stewardship Council North Pacific Fisheries Management Council Norwegian Seafood Council Russian Fishery Company Sustainable Fisheries Partnership South Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Organisation Total Allowable Catch Tilapia Lake Virus Viet Nam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers World Trade Organization Turkish lira

6 CONTENTS Globefish highlights ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 4 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 5 GLOBAL FISH ECONOMY 14 Bumper year for global seafood in 217 gives way to a more uncertain outlook for 218 SHRIMP 17 Farmed shrimp output increased by about 6 percent in 217 TUNA 22 High-priced raw materials in 217 weakened demand for canned tuna GROUNDFISH 27 Lower quotas, prices rising CEPHALOPODS 31 Continued shortage of octopus, while the squid season looks good TILAPIA 34 Non-traditional markets lead the way PANGASIUS 37 Asia and Latin America lead the way, tight supplies keep prices up BASS & BREAM 39 Sector undergoing structural changes as production surplus continues to dampen prices SALMON 42 Steep price slide in the second half of 217 brings some stability back to the market 6 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

7 SMALL PELAGICS 47 Lower mackerel and herring prices FISH MEAL & FISH OIL 51 By the end of the second fishing season of 217, only 46 percent of the anchovy quota in Peru was fulfilled. LOBSTER 54 Tighter supplies and higher prices BIVALVES 57 Bivalves market very positive CRAB 61 Higher prices for king crab and snow crab FOOD SAFETY ISSUES 64 Detentions and Rejections of shrimp and prawns in Canada, European Union, Japan and United States of America EVENTS Global Fishery Forum and Seafood Expo APENDIX STATS GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218 7

8 TABLES, FIGURES AND NEWS Globefish highlights TABLES shrimp TUNA tilapia salmon small pelagics lobster bivalves World Production of Farmed Shrimp 17 World top exporters and Importers of shrimp 18 US imports of shrimp (by product) 19 Japanese imports of shrimp (by product) 19 EU28 imports/exports of shrimp 19 Shrimp imports in Asia-Pacific 2 Japanese tuna landings 22 World top 6 exporters and Importers of canned/processed tuna 24 Chinese exports of frozen tilapia 36 Norwegian exports of salmon 43 Chilean exports of salmon 43 US imports of salmon 45 Norwegian exports of small pelagics 49 World imports/exports of lobster 54 US imports/exports of lobster 55 World imports/exports of mussels 58 World imports/exports of oysters 59 World imports/exports of scallops 59 World imports/exports of clams, cockles, arkshells 6 8 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

9 Appendix stats Fish and fishery products statistics 68 World main squid and cuttlefish importers 69 World main squid and cuttlefish exporters 69 World main octopus importers 7 World main octopus exporters 7 World main tilapia importers 71 World main tilapia exporters 71 World main catfish importers 72 World main catfish exporters 72 World main salmon importers 73 World main salmon exporters 73 World main fish meal importers 74 World main fish meal exporters 74 World main fish oil importers 75 World main fish oil exporters 75 World main lobster importers 76 World main lobster exporters 76 World main crab importers 77 World main crab exporters 77 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218 9

10 GRAPHS global fish economy FAO Fish price index 15 shrimp TUNA groundfish cephalopods tilapia Shrimp production by species, both wild and farmed (216) 17 USA Imports Shrimp 18 India Exports Shrimp 2 Prices Shrimp: USA 21 Tuna production by species, both wild and farmed (216) 22 USA Imports Tuna Fresh 23 Japan Imports Tuna Frozen 23 Japan Imports Tuna Fresh/chilled 23 Thailand Exports Tuna Canned/processed 24 USA Imports Tuna Canned/prepared 25 Spain Imports Tuna Cooked loins 25 United Kingdom Imports Tuna Canned 25 Germany Imports Tuna Canned 25 Prices Skipjack: Thailand 26 Groundfish production by selected species, both wild and farmed (216) 27 China Imports Cod 28 China Imports Alaska pollock 28 Germany Imports Alaska pollock 28 Netherlands Imports Cod 28 China Exports Alaska pollock 29 Russian Federation Exports Alaska pollock 29 Norway Exports Cod 29 Export price Cod: Norway 3 Cephalopods production (216) 31 Republic of Korea Imports Octopus 31 USA Imports Squid and cuttlefish 32 Spain Imports Squid and cuttlefish 32 Prices Squid: Italy 33 USA Imports Tilapia 34 Prices Tilapia: USA 35 1 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

11 pangasius USA Imports Catfish 38 Spain Imports Catfish 38 bass & Bream salmon small pelagics Seabass and seabream production (216) 39 Turkey Exports Seabass Fresh 4 Turkey Exports Seabream Fresh 4 Greece Exports Seabass Fresh 4 Greece Exports Seabream Fresh 4 Italy Imports Seabass Fresh 41 Italy Imports Seabream Fresh 41 Salmon production by species, both wild and farmed (216) 42 Top three global producers of farmed Atlantic salmon 42 UK Exports Salmon 44 Germany Imports Salmon 45 Japan Imports Salmon 45 Prices Salmon: France 46 Prices Trout: Italy 46 Export prices Mackerel: Norway 48 China Exports Mackerel 48 Export prices Frozen herring: Norway 48 Germany Imports Herring 48 Russian Federation Exports Herring 49 fish meal & fish oil lobster Top global producers of fishmeal 51 Top global producers of fish oil 51 Denmark Exports Fish oil 52 Peru Exports Fishmeal 52 Peru Exports Fish oil 52 Norway Imports Fishmeal 53 Norway Imports Fish oil 53 China Imports Fishmeal 53 Prices fish oil and rape oil: Europe 53 Prices Fish oil and fish meal: Europe 53 Lobster production (216) 54 EU28 Imports Lobster 55 GLOBEFISH Highlights April

12 China Imports Lobster 55 Canada Exports Lobster 55 Prices Lobster tails: USA 56 Wholesale prices American lobster: USA 56 Prices European lobster: Europe 56 bivalves crab food safety issues Bivalve production by selected species, both wild and farmed (216) 57 EU28 Imports Mussels 57 Spain Imports Mussels 58 France Imports Mussels 58 Chile Exports Mussels 58 Prices Mussels: France 58 EU28 Imports Scallops 59 France Imports Scallops 6 Crab production (216) 61 Top three importers of crab 61 USA Imports Crab 62 China Exports Crab 62 Russian Federation Exports Crab 62 Prices Crab: USA, Japan 62 Shrimp rejected at Canadian borders in 217 by causes (number of cases) 64 Shrimp rejected at Canadian borders in 217 by hazard 64 Shrimp rejected at EU28 borders in 217 by causes (number of cases) 65 Shrimp rejected at EU28 borders in 217 by hazard 65 Shrimp rejected at Japanese borders in 217 by causes (number of cases) 65 Shrimp rejected at Japanese borders in 217 by hazard 65 Shrimp rejected at US borders in 217 by causes (number of cases) 66 Shrimp rejected at US borders in 217 by hazard 66

13 Fotolia - kerenby

14 GLOBAL FISH ECONOMY Globefish highlights Bumper year for global seafood in 217 gives way to a more uncertain outlook for 218 Fotolia - Olga Glebska Global fish production increased by an estimated 2.3 percent in 217, boosted by a recovery in catches in a number of important fisheries following the El Niño climatic event. Global aquaculture harvests continue to grow at a consistent rate of 4 5 percent a year, which will see the sector overtake capture fisheries as the leading means of fish production within the next 2 3 years. Aquaculture already supplies the major proportion of the fish we eat, accounting for 54 percent of the 2.4 kg per capita consumed in 217. Compared with the previous year, international seafood trade expanded at a faster rate in 217 in both volume and value terms, driven by better than expected economic growth globally and the weakening of the US dollar towards the end of the year. Prices for multiple commodity groups trended upwards even as total supply rose, backed by a general strengthening of demand in major seafood markets across the world. Over the course of 217, the FAO Fish Price Index rose by 9 points, primarily as a result of a 23-point rise in traded prices for wild caught species, including cod, cephalopods, tuna and small pelagic species. In fact, the capture fisheries price index reached its highest ever level, 169 points, in December 217, the peak of a strong upward trend that began in late 215. Meanwhile, the aquaculture price index fell 3 points from December 216 to December 217, due in large part to a steep 18-point drop in the salmon component of the index, as record harvest volumes hit markets in the second half of the year. Overall, however, average salmon prices in 217 still exceeded those achieved in 216. Production increases combined with high prices turned into substantial gains in export revenues for seafood exporting regions in 217, led in absolute and percentage terms by South America. Higher catches of Peruvian anchoveta, improved full-year prices for Chilean salmon and good farmed shrimp harvests in Ecuador were the main factors behind an estimated USD 3.6 billion increase in the South American seafood export revenues in 217. In Asia, a 36 percent increase in Indian export revenue in 217 followed a 14 percent increase the prior year. These figures reflect the effects of rapid growth in Indian farmed shrimp production, as well as the rising price trend for cephalopods. In Europe, the general improvement in economic conditions was a catalyst for increased seafood exports in the EU28, both external and internal. Meanwhile, Norway continued to record ever-higher export revenues on the back of good prices for groundfish and farmed salmon. The rebound of the Brazilian economy and accelerated growth in a number of key Asian countries in 217 helped developing countries regain their position as the leaders of global seafood trade expansion. Both exports and imports by developing countries grew an estimated 1 percent in 217. Emerging economies in East and Southeast Asia, mainly China but also smaller and rapidly growing economies such as the Republic of Korea and Thailand, continue to take an increasing large share of the global market as consumers, in addition to their historically more prominent roles as producers, processors, and exporters. In 217, 14 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

15 WORLD BALANCE Production World Fish market at a glance Change: 217 over 216 estimate estimate million tonnes % Capture fisheries Aquaculture Trade value (exports USD) Trade volume (live weight) Total utlilization Food Feed Other uses SUPPLY AND DEMAND INDICATORS Per caput food consumption Food fish (kg/year) From capture fisheries (kg/year) From aquaculture (kg/year) Totals may not match due to rounding. FAO Fish Price Index (1=22-24) TOTAL AQUACULTURE CAPTURE Source: Norwegian Seafood Council GLOBEFISH Highlights April

16 however, exporters were able to take advantage of strong demand spread across multiple markets in different regions, including the large developed economies of the United States of America, the EU28 and Japan, where growth returned in 217 after relatively weak performance the previous year. Combined, these three markets imported 6.7 percent more seafood in 217 in value terms, equivalent to a total value of USD 6.15 billion. In 218, the supply outlook is mixed across the main commodity groups, and the threat of unexpected supply shocks due to increasingly frequent extreme weather events or disease is continually present. On the market side, the economic gains realized globally in 217 are widely expected to continue into 218, although the World Trade Organization (WTO) expects a slight slowdown in merchandise trade growth, which is generally broadly correlated with trends in international seafood trade. There has also been a number of developments that represent potential downside risks to the global economy, including rising geopolitical tensions, interest rate hikes by central banks and further escalation of the trade war between the United States of America and China. Both of these countries are major players in the global seafood market, and although fish products have not yet been subject to retaliatory measures by either government, their future inclusion could have a significant impact on trade flows. 16 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218 FAO/GLOBEFISH

17 SHRIMP Globefish highlights Farmed shrimp output increased by about 6 percent in 217 There was a change in market direction from West to East, where China played a strong role in 217. Local demand in many producing countries was also good and at strong prices. Shrimp production by species, both wild and farmed (216) Others 12% Akia paste shrimp 8% Giant tiger prawn 15% Source: FAO Whiteleg shrimp 65% Supply The global production of farmed shrimp in 217 was estimated between million tonnes. Nearly 75 to 8 percent of the production originated in Asia-Pacific. World Production of Farmed Shrimp, in 1 tonnes In its 217 annual review, Aqua Culture Asia Pacific magazine reported the production trend for Asia as expansion and conversion in India, Viet Nam, Indonesia and to a smaller extent the Philippines; recovery in Thailand was disrupted. Production also declined in Malaysia. China s production continued to decline. Vannamei is farmed now in most Asian countries, except Bangladesh. Some farmers in Viet Nam and Indonesia returned to black tiger farming because of higher financial return, whereas Malaysian farmers moved back to black tiger shrimp to address the early mortality syndrome (EMS) problem. In Latin America, the main producers were Ecuador, Mexico and Brazil, generating more than a total of 7 tonnes. International Trade (estimate) Country China India Viet Nam Indonesia Thailand 3 35 Philippines Bangladesh Malaysia Total Asia-Pacific* Total Latin America** World total Source: Aqua Culture Asia Pacific Magazine and industry sources Notes: *Myanmar, Brunei, Australia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and others; ** Brazil, Peru, Nicaragua, Colombia and others An estimated 2.3 million tonnes of shrimp and prawn were imported in the top seven global markets in 217, approximately 15 percent more than in 216. Demand in East Asia was stronger in 217, attracting large volumes of supplies worldwide. GLOBEFISH Highlights April

18 World top exporters and Importers of shrimp (all types, 1 tonnes) Export percent change Exporters /216 India Viet Nam Ecuador Indonesia China Argentina Thailand Importers percent change Importers /216 EU USA Viet Nam* China** Japan Republic of Korea Canada Source: National data. Note: * Imports from 21 countries; ** including imports through border trade Exports The positive export growth in India and Ecuador resulted directly from an increased domestic production of farmed shrimp, whereas nearly 5 percent of Vietnamese exports consisted of imported shrimp. In 217, reported shrimp exports from Vietnam to the top 2 destinations, including official exports to China, totalled 264 tonnes, representing only a 1.1 percent increase from 216. However, considering the large re-exports from Viet Nam to China (which comprises 6 7 percent of the imports in Viet Nam), the total shrimp exports from Viet Nam to the global market in 217 were nearly 25 percent higher, at 53 tonnes, compared with 216. Exports from Indonesia and China declined, due to lower domestic production. Thai exports declined to the major markets except to Japan. Shrimp catches in Argentina reached more than 2 tonnes in 217 and there was an increase of 14.7 percent in exports to tonnes, compared with 216. Exports to Japan increased by 4 percent at 18 tonnes and to Viet Nam by 8 percent at 11 4 tonnes. Exports of wild caught prawn from Canada declined by 4 percent in 217 compared to 216, due to lower catches. There were increased exports to Viet Nam. Imports In 217, shrimp demand was strong in East Asia and in North America, supported by good consumer acceptance of farmed shrimp and steady prices. However, in Europe the market was rather flat. Global imports to the top seven countries (EU28, United States of America, Viet Nam, China, Japan, Republic of Korea and Canada) totalled 2.6 million tonnes in 217, of which 43 percent (1.12 million tonnes) were imports to four Asian markets (China, Viet Nam, Japan and Republic of Korea). Industry reports indicated that 6 7 percent of Vietnamese imports were re-exported to China, indicating a double reporting in the international trade. United States of America Shrimp remained the most popular seafood in the United States of America. Supported by a strong stock market and higher disposable income, shrimp consumption in the United States of America increased in 217, compared with 216. Stable US import prices also kept wholesale prices fairly attractive during the review period. Sales increases in retail and catering trade drove 217 imports to record high levels at tonnes, worth USD 6.5 billion, 1 and 14 percent higher than 216, respectively. The decrease in the anti-dumping tariff on Indian shrimp and its increased market acceptance led to a significant increase in shrimp supply from India (+39 percent at tonnes), which was a key factor behind the overall rise in US shrimp imports in 217. The average wholesale price of Indian shellon vannamei was 6 1 percent higher than the Ecuadorian product. Noticeably, about 78 percent of the US imports of shrimp were tropical shell-on and peeled products (shell-on easy-peel, peeled tail-on, peeled deveined, butter-fly cut, among others). The share of prepared USA Imports Shrimp Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December India Thailand Total imports Source: US-NMFS Indonesia GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

19 products including breaded shrimp was only 22 percent. Imports for tropical shell-on and peeled products increased by 1 percent and for prepared products increased by 11 percent, compared with 216. Japan US imports of shrimp (by product) January - December (1 tonnes) Shell-on frozen Peeled frozen Breaded Other products Total Source: NMFS After more than 5 years of stagnation, Japanese imports recovered to a total of tonnes during 217 (+4.3 percent than in 216), supported by an improved economy and higher disposable income. Overall shrimp consumption improved during the review period, but it is, as normal, associated with high consumption periods in April/May, July/August and the end of December. Japanese imports of value-added shrimp amounted to 62 2 tonnes, representing 27 percent of the country s total shrimp imports in 217, compared with 22 percent in the United States of America and 19 percent in the EU28. In recent years, Japanese household demand for raw shrimp declined, but increased for ready to cook and ready to eat products. The year-end sales for these products were good in 217. Demand for raw head-on black tiger shrimp increased from high-end restaurants and for Argentinean shrimp from sushi shops and supermarkets during the review period. Viet Nam and Thailand were the main suppliers to the Japanese market, including value added shrimp. Other exporters included India (35 tonnes), Indonesia (3 5 tonnes) and Argentina (21 6 tonnes). Japanese imports of shrimp (by product) January - December (1 tonnes) Frozen, raw Cooked, frozen Prepared/preserved Sushi (with rice) Total* Source: Japan Customs/INFOFISH, *including others European Union (Member Organization) Shrimp demand in the EU28 market remained unchanged over the last 5 years. Imports of shrimp from outside the EU28 consisted in more than 75 percent of the total shrimp trade and persisted in the range of 57 to 58 tonnes per year, including 19 2 percent of value added shrimp. Total EU28 imports were almost the same in 216 and 217. Despite the stable market prices, imports from most suppliers increased only marginally, though there was a 25 percent increase in imports from Viet Nam (43 percent was value added shrimp). There was a weaker demand trend in the Community market, with some seasonal peaks. In the individual EU28 markets, imports increased marginally in Spain (+3 percent at tonnes) and Denmark (+ 5 percent at 79 4 tonnes), but declined in France (-2.2 percent at 18 tonnes), the United Kingdom (-2.2 percent at 79 4 tonnes), the Netherlands (-16. percent at 72 5 tonnes) and Italy (-5 percent at 69 tonnes). Demand for Argentinean shrimp was strong in Europe during the 217 Christmas season, compared with the demand for tropical shrimp. Switzerland, the high-end market in Europe, reported a 4 percent rise in shrimp imports at 8 2 tonnes in 217. In 217, Shrimp imports in the Russian Federation in 217 were the highest since 215, at 38 4 tonnes. Supplies of cold water shrimp from Greenland increased by 29 percent to 9 8 tonnes. Shipments from Argentina rose by 181 percent to 3 6 tonnes. Imports of tropical shrimp increased from India (+24 percent at 7 4 tonnes) and Ecuador (+38 percent at 4 5 tonnes). EU28 imports/exports of shrimp January - December (1 tonnes) Imports Ecuador Argentina India Others Total Exports Intra-EU Extra EU Total Source: EUROSTAT GLOBEFISH Highlights April

20 Asia/Pacific Demand for shrimp in the Asia/Pacific region was strong in producing and non-producing countries (Japan, Republic of Korea, China Hong Kong SAR, Singapore, New Zealand) during 217. Most of the regional imports entered local and neighbouring markets (Viet Nam to China, Viet Nam re-exported most of its imports with or without further processing). In Thailand, imported shrimp is generally reprocessed into value added products for exports. China remained the leading consumer of shrimp in Asia, including imported shrimp. An increasing volume (6-7 percent) of domestic production has been entering the local market. The trend is similar in Southeast Asian producing countries. SIn the Pacific region, imports declined marginally in Australia (-1 percent) to 32 3 tonnes, but increased in the smaller New Zealand market by 4 percent at 5 2 tonnes. Reportedly, 7 tonnes of vannamei were sold in India s domestic market in 217. Most of the freshwater prawn produced in Bangladesh, Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam also entered domestic urban markets at much higher prices than export. In the Asia/Pacific region, Viet Nam was the largest shrimp importer in 217, with increased shipments from the main suppliers Ecuador (+51 percent at tonnes) and India (+58 percent at tonnes). Imports also increased from Argentina at 11 3 tonnes (+79 percent). Viet Nam re-exported 6 7 percent of its imports to China without further processing. According to the Chinese Customs, shrimp imports in 217 increased by 4 percent to tonnes. The leading suppliers to the Chinese market were Canada, Argentina, Ecuador, India and Greenland. Imports increased from all except from Argentina. In addition, an estimated 265 to 27 tonnes of shrimp entered China from Viet Nam through unreported border trade, while the official volume of imports from Viet Nam to China was only 1 6 tonnes. Starting in 1 December 217, China lowered import tariffs on shrimp from 5 to 2 percent, which has induced more direct imports since then. The import shortfalls in the Republic of Korea and China Hong Kong SAR were due to declining supplies of fresh shrimp from China to these markets. However, imports from Viet Nam increased to these destinations. The weaker Malaysian Ringgit against the US dollar also affected imports, even though local demand was strong at good prices. Domestic prices of fresh shrimp in China, Taiwan Province of China, Malaysia, Thailand, Viet Nam and Singapore, were much higher compared with western import prices. At the retail trade in Malaysia, prices of fresh vannamei 5/6 pieces per kg price was high at USD 1 per kg. In India, 1 pieces per kg of vannamei was sold at USD 3.9 per kg in the fresh market. Shrimp imports in Asia-Pacific, in 1 tonnes Imports India Exports Shrimp Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December United States of America Japan Total Exports Viet Nam Source: Ministry of Commerce, India percent change 217/216 *Viet Nam *China Japan Republic of Korea Taiwan Province of China Hong Kong SAR Australia Singapore Malaysia Thailand New Zealand Total Source: National trade statistics Note: (*estimate) Prices Despite increased production of farmed shrimp, prices in the international trade remained stable throughout 217. GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

21 Prices Shrimp: USA USD/lb 9 count 21/25 (India) count 26/3 (India) count 36/4 (Ecuador) count 36/4 (India) 6 3 Headless, shell-on farmed vannamei, Ex-warehouse, New York, USA Source: INFOFISH Trade News Outlook The 218 farming season in Asia begins in April/May. Industry sources in Asia forecast a positive trend in 218 and a 1 percent production rise in India. Latin America entered the low production season starting in March. The likely El Niño in 218 may cause extreme weather such as draught and heavy rain, which are harmful to the aquaculture sector. The situation will be clearer by July. In early 218 the US shrimp inventory remained high, while imports in January were 2 percent higher than last year. In view of the recent weakening of the US stock market, importers are being cautious. If the Dow Jones keeps growing in 218, consumer confidence will stay positive. In Europe, buyers await lower prices with anticipated rise in production. In Japan shrimp consumption will increase during the Spring festivals in April/May, while imports were seasonally low during the first quarter of the year. Since late December 217, the Chinese authorities have started a crack down on illegal imports of seafood from Viet Nam including shrimp. During the first two months of 218, direct imports in China from Ecuador and India have doubled. Export from these two origins to Viet Nam also remained strong in January 218. The impact of these developments will be more visible by mid-218. GLOBEFISH Highlights April FAO/Marco Salustro

22 TUNA Globefish highlights High-priced raw materials in 217 weakened demand for canned tuna In the large traditional markets, conventional products are losing consumer appeal while high-value products including non-canned tuna are gaining bigger niches. Raw material supply Global supply of tuna canning material was lower in 217 compared with 216. Landings were disappointing in the Western and Central Pacific region during the first half of the year. This region accounts for two thirds of the world skipjack resources. Catches declined further during July October FAD fishing closure, when skipjack price shot up to USD per tonne CFR Bangkok, following some increase in demand from Thai Tuna production by species, both wild and farmed (216) longtail tuna 4% Frigate and bullet tunas 6% Bigeye tuna 7% Yellowfin tuna 27% Source: FAO Skipjack tuna 52% canneries. Catch improved starting in November 217 and prices started to soften reaching USD 1 7 per tonne by the end of the review period, matching the weaker demand for canned tuna in Europe and North America. Catch was moderate to good in the Eastern Pacific region, benefiting the canneries in Manta, Ecuador. In this region, two sets of 2-month IATTC Veda fishing closures were in place from November 216 to 18 January 217 and 29 July to 8 October 217, when 64 percent of the fishing fleet participated in the fishing ban. In the Indian Ocean, landings were moderate and without much fluctuation in 217, which allowed higher transshipment of frozen tuna to Thailand and Ecuador. Frozen tuna inventories in Thailand, which were mostly imported, were healthy in 217 due to lower demand for processed tuna from the global market. Compared with 216, total imports of frozen raw material for canning was 7 percent lower in 217 at tonnes. Imports of skipjack declined by 1.4 percent at tonnes, but yellowfin imports were marginally higher at tonnes (+1.5 percent). Following the increased demand for canned albacore in the US market, frozen albacore imports increased by a hefty 35 percent at 43 7 tonnes. In 217, Spain imported tonnes of frozen skipjack, yellowfin and albacore, and 84 5 tonnes of cooked tuna loins for reprocessing. Japanese tuna landings (1 tonnes) Bluefin Bigeye Yellowfin Skipjack Albacore Total* Source: MAFF, Japan/INFOFISH. *including distant water catches Fresh and frozen tuna market (non-canned) Global demand for non-canned tuna has been better than for canned tuna, in particular for frozen loins, fillets and steaks. Prices remained stable in 22 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

23 the international trade during 217 and there were increased imports to the United States of America, Japan and the EU28, compared with 216. United States of America The United States of America imported 2.6 percent more non-canned tuna from Asia and Latin America in 217 than in 216 (revised data: 57 9 tonnes), nearly 6 tonnes of fresh and frozen tuna (dressed fish and loins). More than 5 percent of these imports were frozen loins and steaks, highly preferred by traders and marketers due to their longer shelf life compared to fresh tuna. Supplies were mainly from Indonesia, Viet Nam, the Philippines, Thailand and China. Yellowfin tuna was the main species in the whole/ fresh tuna category, though US imports from leading sources declined by 1.6 percent in 217 compared with 216, specifically from Sri Lanka, the Philippines, Maldives and Trinidad and Tobago. US imports of bigeye tuna represented only a small share of the total imports of fresh tuna and were 8 percent lower in 217 than in 216, mainly from Brazil and the Western Pacific. High-value fresh bluefin tuna imports to the United States of America increased by 33 percent in 217 compared with 216, supplied by Canada, Japan, Spain and Turkey, with an average import price of USD 21 per kg. US imports of frozen Atlantic bluefin also increased from 5 tonnes in 216 to 44 tonnes in 217, most entering the US sashimi trade. USA Imports Tuna Fresh Top three species Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Source: US-NMFS (includes fresh loins/fillets) Japan Imports Tuna Frozen Top three species Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Bigeye Total imports Bigeye Skipjack Total imports Other species Other species The US market has emerged as the leading importer of air-flown tuna since 215, a position previously held by Japan. Japan Overall imports of seafood to Japan improved in 217, supported by economic recovery and rising disposable income, but that trend was not seen in the sashimi tuna trade. Japanese imports of fresh tuna in 217 were the lowest of recent years, decreasing by almost 5 percent compared to 213. Sashimi tuna has become a seasonal choice for Japanese consumers. Expensive tuna is facing strong competition from more affordable salmon imported from Norway and Chile. Even though Japanese imports of frozen tuna rose by 4.5 percent in 217 compared to 216, it was due to higher imports of frozen skipjack and albacore for reprocessing of bushi products (cooked, dried tuna) and canned tuna. Frozen loin imports to Japan, including the highpriced bluefin tuna from the Mediterranean, increased in recent years to supply the seasonal demand in the retail and catering trade. In 217, Japan imported 47 4 tonnes of frozen tuna loins, 2 Source: Japan Customs/INFOFISH Japan Imports Tuna Fresh/chilled Top three species Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Bigeye total imports Source: Japan Customs/INFOFISH Other species GLOBEFISH Highlights April

24 13 percent more than in 216, supplied primarily by China, the Republic of Korea, Malta, Spain, Turkey and Croatia. This total comprised 3 3 tonnes of redmeat quality loins (bigeye and yellowfin) and 17 2 tonnes of bluefin. Demand for the higher value bluefin increased during the festival months of April, May and December, but remained stable for the cheaper red meat quality (bigeye) loins throughout 217, at stable prices. European Union (Member Organization) Imports of frozen tuna fillets in the EU28 external trade increased in recent years, indicating good sectorial demand for high value marine fish, particularly from high-end restaurant business. Supplied by Viet Nam, the Republic of Korea, Mexico, Ecuador among the top, imports increased by 7 percent at 24 3 tonnes in 217 compared with 19 2 tonnes in 215 and 22 7 tonnes in 216. During the review period, imports of chilled and frozen swordfish fillet (which is a by-catch of tuna fishing) also increased by 33 percent at 4 5 tonnes mostly supplied by Viet Nam, Sri Lanka and Indonesia. Demand for marine fish fillet in the EU28 market has grown despite the high prices. However, demand for whole/dressed air-flown tuna dropped by 2 percent in 217 to 2 9 tonnes, shipped mainly from the Maldives, Sri Lanka, Suriname and Oman. Canned tuna trade The international trade of canned and processed tuna in 217 has been characterised by high raw material prices, increased demand for cooked tuna loins, decreased exports of conventional canned tuna in many traditional and emerging markets, and increased consumer interest for higher value products in developed markets. Exports The export trend for canned and processed tuna was mixed in 217. Thailand, the world s largest producer of processed and canned tuna, exported less to the world market in 217 compared with 216, mainly because of declining demand in some important emerging markets in the Middle East (Egypt, Libya and Saudi Arabia) and in Southeast Asia. The positive export trends in Ecuador and the Philippines could be attributed to higher sales of cooked loins as well as canned tuna to the EU28 markets, supported by the preferential tariffs. More than one third of Ecuadorian exports to the EU28 consisted of cooked loins. These exports increased by 34 percent from 216 to 217, while Ecuadorian exports of canned/processed tuna to the EU28 market increased by 25 percent. Thailand Exports Tuna Canned/processed Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Source: Thai Customs Strong demand for value-added tuna in the EU28 market helped Spanish canners to increase exports in 217, especially to Italy, France, Portugal, the Netherlands and Germany. China sustained positive export trend by selling more cooked loins for processing to its main markets, the United States of America and the EU28. World top 6 exporters and Importers of canned/ processed tuna, (in 1 tonnes) Export percent change Exporters /216 Thailand Ecuador Spain China Philippines (e) +24. Indonesia Import percent change Importers /216 USA EU Egypt Japan Australia Canada Source: National data. Imports United States of America Japan Total exports Australia The relatively low prices of frozen skipjack during , generated additional demand in many emerging markets in the Middle East. This was not the case in the large US and EU28 markets, where such boost was absent, particularly for conventional light meat tuna in brine (skipjack and yellowfin) even at lower prices. This is a strong indication that demand for this category of canned tuna has 24 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

25 levelled off in many western markets. However, demand for higher value canned/pouched albacore has improved in the United States of America and in Western Europe. North and South America The 217 US imports growth resulted from more imports of higher value albacore products (+14 percent at 28 1 tonnes), showing increasing consumer preference for superior quality products, whereas imports of light meat tuna (skipjack and yellowfin) declined by 12 percent (99 4 tonnes), compared with 216. The average import value of light meat tuna in brine was USD 3.27 per kg compared with USD 4.36 per kg of albacore in brine. The major share of canned light meat tuna (68 2 tonnes) consisted of lower value tuna in brine for which Thailand was the key supplier. Demand for canned tuna in the Canadian market remained soft since 216 and weakened further in 217 with falling supplies from Southeast Asian sources USA Imports Tuna Canned/prepared Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Albacore total imports Bigeye Other species Source: US-NMFS (includes cooked loins) Spain Imports Tuna Cooked loins Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Ecuador Papua New Guinea Total imports Source: Agencia Tributaria China United Kingdom Imports Tuna Canned Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Albacore total imports Bigeye Other species Source: Her Majesty s Customs & Excise European Union (Member Organization) The EU28 market imported more than 7 tonnes of canned tuna products, including 14 tonnes of precooked tuna. The top five markets were Italy (+12.7 percent at tonnes), Spain (+28.4 percent at tonnes), the United Kingdom (-6.7 percent at 16 9 tonnes), France (+7 percent at 98 3 tonnes) and Germany (+2.4 percent at 84 2 tonnes). Imports increased in these markets except in the United Kingdom. Imports also increased in the Netherlands (+16.3 percent at 6 9 tonnes), Belgium (+11.4 percent at 18 5 tonnes), Czechia (+12.8 percent at 6 3 tonnes), Romania (+27 percent at 5 1 tonnes) and Hungary (+5.6 percent t 2 7 tonnes), but declined in Poland (-2 percent at 7 8 tonnes). Notably, 7 percent (585 3 tonnes) of the EU28 imports of canned/processed tuna were sourced in non-member countries, namely Ecuador (142 3 Germany Imports Tuna Canned Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Albacore total imports Bigeye Other species Source: Eurostat/German Customs GLOBEFISH Highlights April

26 tonnes, percent), Mauritius (55 7 tonnes, +3.2 percent), Seychelles (51 6 tonnes, -6.3 percent), the Philippines (5 1 tonnes, +4 percent) and Papua New Guinea (38 1 tonnes, percent). These countries enjoy tariff privileges in the EU28 market. Within the EU28 countries, trade of high-value processed tuna for direct consumption has been strong, primarily produced by Spain, Italy, France and Portugal. In 217, imports of cooked loins increased in all four counties (Spain 85 tonnes, Italy 37 7 tonnes, Portugal 7 9 tonnes, and France 7 5 tonnes). Spain is the largest producer of high value canned/pouched tuna in Europe and has been able to increase sales within Europe since 213. Asia/Pacific Canned tuna demand was mixed in the Asia/Pacific region. Imports weakened in many emerging markets in Central Asia and the Middle East. The imports increase seen in previous years in many medium-to-large markets in the Middle East has ceased due to the rising prices of raw material and to a declining local demand, associated with the geopolitical unrest in the region. In addition, some of the markets are reportedly holding unsold stocks, and this has stopped import growth in 217. There were significant drops in Thai exports to Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Yemen, Kuwait, among others. Unsold stocks and high prices also affected most of the markets in Southeast Asia. Even though imports declined in most Southeast Asian markets, the strong national currencies in Japan and Australia helped to sustain the positive import trends in 217. Imports of canned/processed tuna into Japan increased by 4.3 percent in 217 at 63 tonnes, including 5 6 tonnes of katsuobushi (boiled/dried tuna loins). Japan produces high-value canned tuna, mostly consumed in the domestic market. Imports also improved in Australia at 45 6 tonnes (+1.7 percent), after the weakening in 216. Prices Despite the worldwide dwindling demand for canned tuna in 217, the average prices of raw tuna material remained high through the first quarter of 218. The average CFR Bangkok price of frozen skipjack went up to USD per tonne in 217, compared with USD 1 43 per tonne in 216, due to lower catch in the main fishing regions. Skipjack prices started to drop in December 217 (USD 1 7 per tonne) and were down to USD 1 5 per tonne in late March 218. Prices Skipjack: Thailand USD/tonne Source: INFOFISH Trade News Outlook Tuna catches have dropped worldwide and demand for processed/canned tuna finally improved by the end of first quarter in 218, leading to increases in frozen skipjack and yellowfin tuna prices. As of April 218, fishing in the Western/Central Pacific and in the Indian Ocean remained moderate. However, catch in the Eastern Pacific was reported to be poor, the lowest level since 215. Frozen tuna inventories in Thailand are presently still high. Canneries were closed for a week in early April in celebration of the water festival Songkran. European prices for both skipjack and yellowfin tuna recovered, while the market price for cooked, double cleaned yellowfin loins remained stable. The impact of the rising raw material prices may weaken canned tuna demand again in 218. In Japan, demand for all types of sashimi tuna is expected to be abrupt during the Spring Festival months of April and May. In the West, an increase in demand for canned and non-canned tuna is likely to take place during the upcoming summer months. Therefore, import demand for frozen tuna fillets may increase soon. The present situation of low catches, low demand and fluctuating prices, is causing much concern among the global tuna industry. On May 218, industry leaders are scheduled to meet in Bangkok at the biennial INFOFISH Tuna Trade Conference, where they will discuss the key issues including sustainability, supply and markets. 26 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

27 GROUNDFISH Globefish highlights Lower quotas, prices rising Lower quotas have been set for most groundfish species like cod, haddock and Alaska pollock in 218. At the same time, demand for groundfish is good and growing. Demand for Alaska pollock is clearly increasing, especially in the United States of America, and consequently supplies will be tight and prices are set to go up. Resources The North Pacific Fisheries Management Council (NPFMC) sets total allowable catches (TAC) for more than 2 commercial species in the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands. The TAC for Alaska pollock in the Bering Sea was set at tonnes, up by 19 tonnes compared to 217. The TAC for Pacific cod was reduced by 15 percent to tonnes. Groundfish production by selected species, both wild and farmed (216) Alaska pollock 15% Atlantic cod 6% Others 65% Source: FAO Largerhead hairtail 6% Blue whiting 5% Croakers, drums 3% The A season for Pacific cod in the Bering Sea started on 2 January 218, but it may be a short season, due to the TAC reduction and to the allocation of 75 percent of the total TAC to the A season. In the Gulf of Alaska, the TAC for Pacific cod is down by 8 percent due to a sharp fall in the biomass. The Russian Federation is increasing its Pacific cod quota by 33 percent to 8 tonnes. The reason for the rise is that there has been a higher than expected migration of cod into Russian Federation waters. Pacific cod is the third most important species for the Russian Far East fishing fleet after Alaska pollock and herring. However, it is not expected that this increase in the Russian Federation Pacific cod quota will have an impact on cod prices. Canadian Atlantic cod fisheries are struggling. According to the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO), there has been a 29 percent decline in the spawning stock biomass of northern cod off the coasts of Newfoundland and Labrador. This reduction has occurred in the short period of one year. A year ago, the biomass was estimated at 44 tonnes, while this year the estimate is only 315 tonnes, and it is expected that there will be a further decline in 219. Processing The Russian Federation embargo on seafood from several western countries has led the Russian Fishery Company (RFC) to develop more value-added products for consumers in the Russian Federation. The company has converted processing lines on four trawlers in order to be able to produce more Alaska pollock fillets on board. The company plans to equip six more vessels with filleting lines in 218. The increased production capacity for frozen fillets will reduce the Russian Federation dependency on imported product. Trade Norwegian cod exports marginally declined from 27 8 to 26 tonnes in 217 (-.9 percent). The average export prices increased and so did the value of cod exports, which rose by 4.6 percent to NOK 9.1 billion (USD 1.2 billion). The largest markets were Portugal, which imported 44 tonnes of Norwegian cod products. Much of this was klipfish or salted and dried fish, which carry a very high per kg price. Average export price for klipfish of cod was NOK in 217, compared to NOK 3.76 for round frozen cod. Other large importers were Denmark and China. GLOBEFISH Highlights April

28 China Imports Cod Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Norway Total imports United States of America Netherlands Imports Cod Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Iceland Total imports Norway Source: China Customs Source: Eurostat China Imports Alaska pollock Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December China Total imports Source: China Customs United States of America Germany Imports Alaska pollock Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December China Total imports Source: Eurostat United States of America For several years, the Norwegian Seafood Council (NSC) has been promoting skrei, the springspawning cod caught in the Lofoten and Vesterålen regions in Northern Norway. The campaign has been a success and has increased exports of highquality cod to the EU28. But this year the sales of skrei have declined, while sales of ordinary cod have gone up. The NSC has not offered any good explanation for the change. Exports of Alaska pollock from the Russian Federation increased slightly from tonnes in 216 to tonnes in 217 (+1.95 percent). Major markets were China (61 1 tonnes, 72 percent of the total), and the Republic of Korea (233 2 tonnes, 28 percent of the total). China imported tonnes of Alaska pollock in 217, up 7.7 percent from 216. By far the largest share of this came from the Russian Federation at 61 1 tonnes (89 percent of the total), while the United States of America shipped 65 3 tonnes (9.6 percent). Most of this imported Alaska pollock is processed and then re-exported, and in 217, China exported 35 6 tonnes of pollock products, up from tonnes in 216 (+6 percent). The main destinations for Chinese processed Alaska pollock were Germany (83 2 tonnes, -11 percent compared to 216), the Republic of Korea (49 2 tonnes, +89 percent) and the United States of America (29 3 tonnes, -17 percent). Chinese imports of cod products also increased slightly, by 3.6 percent to 28 6 tonnes. The largest suppliers were the Russian Federation (97 tonnes), the United States of America (45 3 tonnes) and Norway (38 4 tonnes). US exports of Alaska pollock to the EU28 fell by 6.9 percent to tonnes during 217. The value decline was even greater (-7.5 percent) from USD 364 million in 216 to USD 337 million in 217. The largest single markets for US Alaska pollock in 217 were the Netherlands, Germany and France. 28 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

29 China Exports Alaska pollock Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Germany United States of America Total exports DPK Source: China Customs DPK refers to the Democratic People s Republic of Korea Russian Federation Exports Alaska pollock Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December 8 China Belarus Total exports Republic of Korea 86 Over the years, Namibia and South Africa have built a good stable market for Cape hake in Europe. The Namibian hake fishery is expected to achieve MSC certification later this year, and that will help maintaining a good position in the EU28 market. Most of this fish goes to Spain and Germany. Before Easter 218, there was growing demand for haddock and cod in the UK market, and prices were increasing. Good supplies from Iceland, supplemented by products from Norway, Scotland and Denmark, helped make the fish readily available in a whitefish-hungry market. At the retail level, there was also good demand for haddock and cod in the UK market. Over the 12-month period from February 217 through February 218, retail sales of haddock rose 4.3 percent by volume and 6.7 percent by value. Haddock prices in the United Kingdom increased 2.2 percent during the same period, while cod prices increased by 5.5 percent. Prices Norwegian export prices for cod have been on a rising trend since March 217, but it has been a rollercoaster ride. In January 218 fresh fillet prices as well as whole fresh prices dropped, while prices for both frozen cod fillets and whole frozen cod increased Source: Federal Customs Service of Russia Norway Exports Cod Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Portugal China Total exports Denmark Source: Norway Bureau of Statistics The cod season in Norway started well with high prices. In January, first-hand prices to the fishers for fresh cod were on average up from NOK (USD 3.2) per kg in 217 to NOK (USD 3.4) per kg in 218. Frozen cod prices climbed from NOK (USD 3.7) per kg in January 217 to NOK 3.96 (USD 4.) per kg in January 218. With the reduced quotas for Atlantic and Pacific cod, Alaska pollock and haddock, prices started to rise at the end of 217. The rising prices are also affecting Chinese processors. Prices for H&G Atlantic cod from the Russian Federation were quoted at USD per tonne, while prices for haddock were quoted at USD per tonne. In March 218, cod prices had moved up to USD 4 35 per tonne CIF China. Chinese processors fear that prices may continue to rise. Demand for Alaska pollock fillets is strong, and during the North Atlantic Seafood Forum in Bergen (Germany) in March 218, one of the speakers predicted that it would be even stronger in the months to come. One of the reasons for this is that Americans have caught on to the story of the wild Alaska pollock, an American fish that competes well with foreign products. But demand will be good in other markets, too. According to the speaker, demand for single and double frozen Alaska pollock would be about 54 tonnes in 218. This is 4 tonnes above the supply forecast. Consequently, supplies will be very tight, and prices will rise. GLOBEFISH Highlights April

30 + Export price Cod: Norway Fresh cod fillets Frozen cod fillets Source: Norwegian Seafood Council Outlook The outlook for 218 is for tighter supplies for practically all groundfish species. Alaska pollock will be in great demand but supplies will probably not be enough. Cod and haddock supplies will also be tight, and prices are bound to go up further, according to industry sources. Some markets may opt for farmed whitefish species like pangasius and tilapia, but these species will be substitutes for the lower end of the market. FAO/Marco Salustro 3 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218 Fotolia - Miguel Garcia Saaved

31 CEPHALOPODS Globefish highlights Continued shortage of octopus, while the squid season looks good Global octopus resources have been taxed heavily for years, and supplies are down, which is reflected in the reduced trade and higher prices. Chinese squid vessels have been very active in international waters off South America throughout 217. Squid landings look good this season; during the first two months of 218 in Argentina, landings were significantly up. Cephalopods production (216) Others Cuttlefish 1% Squid 11% 77% Octopus 11% Source: FAO Octopus Octopus fisheries are largely unsustainable, according to a report released by the Sustainable Fisheries Partnership (SFP). According to the report, less than 1 percent of the world s octopus fisheries are classified as sustainable. Among the fisheries that have received sustainability certification is the Asturias fishery in Spain and the giant Pacific octopus fishery in Alaska. SFP calls on consumers to put pressure on the industry to promote improvements and points to consumers and the industry in Japan, the Republic of Korea, Viet Nam and China to take action to improve. With global octopus resources being vulnerable, the updates from researchers working on octopus farming are encouraging to the growing market interest in octopus and related high prices. Scientists from the Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) in Tenerife and Vigo reported that their results for the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) larvae have improved the viability of octopus farming. Although IEO does not claim that they have closed the cycle in captivity, they claim that their trials achieved higher survival rates than those achieved in earlier experiments. However, it is undetermined how long it will take to see commercial outcomes from this research. Republic of Korea Imports Octopus Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Source: Korea Trade Statistics Promotion Institute Trade China Thailand Total imports Viet Nam Imports of octopus to Japan declined by almost 4 percent in 217 (54 3 tonnes) compared to 216 (56 5 tonnes). The largest octopus supplier was Mauritania accounting for 28.5 percent of the total Japanese imports, shipping 15 5 tonnes of octopus GLOBEFISH Highlights April

32 (+6.3 percent). Morocco and China decreased their shipments to Japan, by 17.6 percent and 4.4 percent, respectively. The Republic of Korea decreased their octopus imports in 217 by almost 5 percent from 84 6 tonnes to 8 3 tonnes, and there were major changes among the suppliers. Imports from China fell to 39 tonnes (-17.2 percent), though China still accounts for almost half of the octopus imports to the Republic of Korea. Viet Nam increased shipments to the Republic of Korea to 29 tonnes (+18.4 percent). Other major suppliers were Thailand (6 7 tonnes, +9.8 percent), Mauritania (2 3 tonnes, -26 percent), and Indonesia (1 1 tonnes, -9.7 percent). Since December 217, Moroccan octopus prices have been increasing weekly. Through January 218, prices were higher than record prices in 217. It is mainly Spain that is buying at these higher prices, while Italian importers have shifted to smaller sizes that come at lower prices. But even Spanish importers are buying sizes T6, T7 and T8. Squid The SFP has also reported on the state of sustainability of global squid fisheries, and regrettably, the situation is just as serious for squid as it is for octopus. Less than 1 percent of the global squid production is recognized as sustainable or improving. There are four squid fisheries (Argentina shortfin and jumbo flying squid) from China and the Republic of Korea operating off the coast of South America that do not appear to be engaged in improvement efforts. These fisheries account for as much as 2 percent of the global production. The Alaska Board of Fisheries is currently considering a proposal to develop a new fishery for market squid (Doryteuthis opalescens) in Alaska. Normally, Alaskan waters have been too cold for squid to thrive there, but in recent years warm water has been pushed up from the south during strong El Niño years, and since 215 market squid have been found in these waters. The Argentine squid season was off to a good start this year, as landings of 22 tonnes of Illex argentinus were reported during the first three weeks of fishing. Both jiggers and trawlers reported good catches. The good fishery continued into the beginning of March. At the same time, larger sizes were being caught. While in January mostly size SS were landed, in February size S were caught and in March more squid of size M were landed. January landings in Argentina were significantly up in 218, totalling 17 7 tonnes, compared to just 1 tonnes in January 217, though the season started a later in 217. The Falkland Islands (Malvinas) are concerned about the large fleet of squid fishing vessels targeting the Illex squid resource about 4 miles north of the Islands. The authorities are apprehensive that higher catches in these international waters will affect catches in their waters. Since January 218, there has been a growing number of Asian jiggers fishing on these international waters. These vessels were active even before the official fishing season USA Imports Squid and cuttlefish Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December China India Total imports Source: US-NMFS Taiwan Province of China RECENT NEWS Business and scientific representatives from Peru, Chile and Ecuador have established a new giant squid management committee. The committee for the sustainable management of the South Pacific giant squid, Calamasur, will be working together with the South Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Organisation (SPRFMO), and will be designing and operating a fisheries/biological/ environmental monitoring programme as well as a stock assessment model. The committee was formed in response to the absence of regulation of the sustainable management of the giant squid resource. Spain Imports Squid and cuttlefish Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Falkland Islands (Malvinas) India Total imports Source: Agencia Tributaria Peru GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

33 in Argentina started on 1 January. In 217 Illex and Loligo catches in waters of the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) amounted to 67 tonnes and 64 5 tonnes, respectively. This represented an increase over 216 landings, but a decline compared to landings in 214 and 215. Chinese vessels have also been active near Peruvian waters. The season ended in the middle of November 217, and it was estimated that from June to November about 2 tonnes were caught. Prices of Peruvian giant squid on the Chinese market have been rising recently. There is a shortage of squid in the market of the Republic of Korea. A large Chinese fleet is fishing for squid in the Democratic People s Republic of Korea part of the East Sea, and this negatively affects fishing in the south. Chinese vessels started operating in the area in 24, starting with 14 ships. Currently, Chinese vessels are operating there. Trade Japanese imports of squid and cuttlefish increased by 14.4 percent last year, to a total of tonnes. The largest suppliers were China, Chile and Peru. China shipped 1 6 tonnes, accounting for an impressive 55 percent of the total. Chile shipped 14 8 tonnes (+3.3 percent), while Peru shipped 14 8 tonnes (+3.3 percent). The biggest increase in shipments was recorded by the United States of America, which shipped 8 9 tonnes (+214 percent). Viet Nam also significantly increased shipments of squid and cuttlefish to Japan to 9 2 tonnes (+38.6 percent). Imports of squid and cuttlefish to China in 217 were stable at tonnes, just.3 percent lower than in 216. The major suppliers registered increases. Imports from the Democratic People s Republic of Korea increased to 85 5 tonnes (+9.5 percent), accounting for 29 percent of the total. The second largest supplier was Indonesia with 5 7 tonnes (+1.4 percent), followed by Peru with 45 4 tonnes (+27 percent) and the United States of America with 27 3 tonnes (+37.6 percent). Taiwan Province of China registered the largest increase in shipments of squid and cuttlefish to China, totalling 22 3 tonnes (+ 18 percent), compared to ). The largest supplier was China accounting for almost 6 percent of the total US imports of squid and cuttlefish with 47 4 tonnes, (+3 percent). Other large suppliers were Taiwan Province of China with 7 7 tonnes (+14.3 percent) and India with 5 9 tonnes (+17 percent). In 217, Spain was the dominant importer in Europe, with squid and cuttlefish imports totalling tonnes, 6.2 percent more than in 216. The largest suppliers were the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) with 51 3 tonnes (+17.6 percent), Peru with 5 2 tonnes (+17.2 percent) and India with 41 tonnes (+14 percent). Prices Squid: Italy EUR/kg Source: GLOBEFISH European Price Report Whole, FAS, middle size, origin: South Africa Outlook It looks like octopus supplies will continue to be tight, and consequently prices may go up. Squid supplies, on the other hand, look good in 218, with good landings in South America so far. Trade should be increasing, with China clearly in the lead as both importer and exporter. Squid prices are expected to stay relatively stable or decline marginally. China is also an important exporter of squid and cuttlefish. A total of tonnes were exported in 217, 5.8 percent less than in 216. Major markets for China were Japan (13 3 tonnes, +1.8 percent), Thailand (54 tonnes, -2.7 percent), and the United States of America (51 tonnes, - 3 percent). In recent years the United States of America has become an important player in the cephalopods market. Squid and cuttlefish imports have been relatively stable at around 78 8 tonnes per year. In 217, total imports of these species amounted to 79 4 tonnes (-.2 percent than in GLOBEFISH Highlights April

34 TILAPIA Globefish highlights Non-traditional markets lead the way Global tilapia production is estimated to have remained firm in 217, with increases from producers other than China, where production is estimated to have continued to be steady. International tilapia trade in 217 grew due to demand from many non-traditional emerging markets namely Africa and Asia. In 217, global tilapia exports (fillet and whole frozen) were close to 33 tonnes, while global tilapia imports (fillet and whole frozen) reached approximately 36 tonnes. In the main markets of the United States of America, Mexico, Côte d Ivoire and the Islamic Republic of Iran, there were declines, while there was revival in the EU28 market. African countries continue to absorb more tilapia from imports, while domestic markets of producing countries in Asia absorb more tilapia from local production. Total tilapia exports from China experienced a marginal drop (-.7 percent) to approximately 383 tonnes in 217 compared to 216, due to harsh winter conditions last year. Frozen breaded tilapia fillet is the only category that showed positive growth in 217. Exports to African markets continued to increase, representing 28 percent of the total Chinese tilapia exports in 217, compared with the 19 percent share recorded in 212. African markets remain interesting for Chinese investment. Reportedly, a Chinese-owned company invested USD 1 million in production facilities in Angola. On the other hand, the share of the United States of America in total Chinese tilapia exports dropped from 48 percent in 212 to 33 percent in 217, totalling approximately 13 tonnes. Meanwhile, the rapid development of retail, cold chain and the transportation system in China encouraged increased domestic consumption of tilapia. This fish is being consumed in a variety of ways, including live, whole fresh, fillet, and used as a base for preparations such as fish balls and fish cakes. United States of America The US market weakened further in 217 despite lower average import prices indicating a decrease in consumer demand. Total tilapia imports fell to tonnes, a nearly 7 percent drop from 216. Imports declined from most major sources including China, the largest supplier (13 tonnes), during the review period. USA Imports Tilapia Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December China Honduras Total imports Taiwan Province of China 2 24 China In 216, tilapia production grew by 4.88 percent to reach 1.86 million tonnes, FAO Fishstat reports. Industry sources estimate that the total production of tilapia in China during 217 remained firm amidst the declining demand from the US market and the several typhoons, which hit China last year Source: US Census Bureau GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

35 Prices Tilapia: USA USD/lb, such as El Salvador, are aiming to promote this popular species. For example, the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock offers free technical assistance to Salvadoran fish farmers at all stages, from pond construction to harvest Chilled tilapia fillets: Primary wholesale, NY, USA, origin: Costa Rica; Frozen tilapia fillets: 3-5 oz/lb, EXW NY, USA, origin: China Source: INFOFISH Trade News Latin America Brazil is the fourth main tilapia producer worldwide behind China, Indonesia and Egypt, producing tonnes in 217, a 13 percent increase from the previous year, according to the Brazilian Farming Association. Tilapia accounted for 51.7 percent of Brazilian aquaculture fish production, surpassing native fish, carp and trout. The aquaculture industry in general registered an increase of 8 percent. Parana was the biggest state producer of tilapia (15 3 tonnes), followed by São Paulo (66 1 tonnes) and Santa Catarina (32 9 tonnes). Presently, this production is going almost exclusively to the domestic market. Honduras exports of seafood products was valued at USD 3 million in 217, according to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, with the boost of shrimp and then tilapia. Local producers reported that enough red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) stocks are available to supply the domestic market starting in early March 218, after a shortage and high prices (increases up to USD 1.56 per pound in the north and central part of Honduras) were registered due to low temperature and rain in the main farming areas. In Honduras, warmer temperatures are expected to accelerate sizes and reach commercialization weights to enter the market. Supply normalized to meet the demand during Easter. Tilapia production is one of the activities that contribute most to the national economy. CONAPESCA announced that Mexico is now generating 25 percent of the total Latin American production of tilapia due to their public policies and producers efforts. Authorities believe that training promotion and adoption of technology should continue, which in addition to the effort of the producers, will allow the country to be ranked as a productive power in a few years. European Union (Member Organization) Imports to the EU28 of total tilapia (whole and fillet) increased to 28 3 tonnes in 217, 5.3 percent more than in 216. Comparatively weaker average import prices stimulated this increase, particularly from China, which supplied 78 percent of the total EU28 imports. Average import price of frozen fillet from China was USD 2.65 per kg compared to USD 2.75 per kg in 216. Within the EU28, Poland surpassed Spain and became the largest market for tilapia, importing 4 7 tonnes in 217, compared with 3 2 tonnes the year before. Meanwhile, Brazilian producers are now targeting the EU28 market for tilapia and actively seeking partnerships, though official export figures are still unavailable. Asia RECENT NEWS The Peruvian National Fisheries Health Agency (SANIPES) confirmed the presence of TiLV in Piura and San Martin regions, but the government explained that it does not threaten or endanger public health. Since June 217, an Emergency Plan was implemented after FAO issued a special alert about the appearance of the disease. At that time, TiLV or unusual mortality was not detected. By the end of 217, unusual mortality was observed both in the farming and the wild sectors. People involved in tilapia production are being trained in preventive controls to reduce risks. Regional authorities were asked to restrict international and interregional border movement of live tilapia in all their life stages. The region continues to be the main producing region, as tilapia is popular and widely consumed in a variety of preparations. Nearly the entire Asian production from producers aside from China enters the domestic market. Regional production of tilapia increased to 4.25 million tonnes in 216 (+2 percent compared with 215), according to latest FAO statistics. Seven producers from Asia were among the GLOBEFISH Highlights April

36 top ten global producers, namely China, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Philippines, Viet Nam, Thailand and Taiwan Province of China. Strong domestic demand in these countries likely led to a marginal increase in their tilapia production in 217. In 217, total exports from Asia amounted to nearly 31 tonnes, marginally declining from 216, as more production entered domestic markets. Taiwan Province of China, once the leading exporter of tilapia, exported close to 23 tonnes of tilapia in 217, nearly 8 percent of which was whole frozen tilapia shipped to the major markets of the United States of America and the Middle East. Chinese exports of frozen tilapia January - December (1 tonnes) Frozen fillets United States of America Mexico Iran (Islamic Republic of) Total Cote d'ivoire United States of America Burkina Faso Frozen whole Total Source: TDM Outlook Current high ex-farm prices in China mainly due to soaring demand during the Chinese New Year in February is expected to soften as production increases from May onwards. When production levels increase in the coming months, which will likely lead to lower prices, demand in the traditional major markets will rise. African markets continue to be poised for further growth. Asia will continue to be the main contributor of global production driven increasingly by a strong domestic demand. In Brazil, tilapia production is expected to grow up to 15 percent in 218, with more farmers focused on the species. As Brazilian producers now target the EU28 market for tilapia, there will be a future alternative source in the global market besides China and other Asian countries. 36 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218 Fotolia -yodaswaj

37 PANGASIUS Globefish highlights Asia and Latin America lead the way, tight supplies keep prices up Prices of pangasius fillet continue to soar with the strong demand from China coupled with shortage in supplies. In 217, average import prices in international markets ranged between USD per kg. Approximately 54 tonnes of pangasius (whole and fillet) entered the international market in 217. The US and EU28 markets remain weak, while positive growth persists in Asia, the Pacific and Latin America, the largest regional markets for pangasius. Viet Nam, the leading producer of pangasius targets to earn USD 2 billion from exports in 218, amidst facing higher anti-dumping duties by the US Department of Commerce (DOC). Viet Nam Total exports of pangasius from Viet Nam in 217 were valued at USD 1.78 billion, up 4.3 percent against 216, the Viet Nam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers announced. The United States of America remains the single largest market although exports declined by 11.1 percent in value. Among the markets that showed positive growth were China, Hong Kong SAR, Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) markets, Brazil, Mexico and Saudi Arabia. According to the Agro Processing and Market Development Authority (APMDA) under the Viet Nam Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD), the United States of America s recent antidumping ruling would affect the brand name, image and prestige of Vietnamese tra fish in the international market, as well as business and production strategies of local firms. The agency suggested domestic tra fish businesses proactively shift to other markets such as China, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia and ASEAN, while also upgrading production conditions to improve the quality and safety of products to meet regulations set by importers. In addition, those businesses should reduce prices, diversify products, and increase the volume of value-added products, to reduce unhealthy competition that affects the quality and price of Vietnamese tra fish in the global market. Meanwhile, a source from the industry said that pangasius producers are also now increasingly producing smaller size fillet to cater to its growing demand in the US market. RECENT NEWS Following the completion of an antidumping investigation on 15 March 218, the US DOC has decided to impose a higher tariff on Vietnamese pangasius. The new tariff stands at USD 7.74 per kg on products from the two companies that were subject to the investigation. Other exporters face a fee of USD 3.87 per kg, the highest tax the United States of America has ever imposed on Vietnamese pangasius. The Viet Nam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP) announced that Viet Nam will bring the matter to the US Court of International Trade as soon as possible and described DOC s decision as punitive, unfair, and unlawful. Viet Nam Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT) also called on the United States of America to review the decision to make sure it is fair for Vietnamese companies. The ministry said it is working with VASEP and other relevant agencies on measures to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of the local exporters. Viet Nam has also filled a complaint with the WTO to challenge US restrictions on imports of pangasius from Viet Nam. GLOBEFISH Highlights April

38 United States of America Higher prices and lower demand resulted in decreased imports of pangasius in the US market in 217. However, frozen catfish fillet imports increased from sources other than Viet Nam in 217, namely China, Myanmar, Indonesia, India and Bangladesh. In total these countries supplied the US market with close to 6 tonnes during 217, while total imports of frozen pangasius from Viet Nam dropped by about 19 percent to 16 tonnes. Vietnamese industry sources reported that there is a growing US demand for smaller size fillets, which is leading to its increased production. Higher anti-dumping duties imposed by US DOC on pangasius imports from Viet Nam will likely impact imports further. Average import prices of frozen pangasius strengthened from USD 2.93 per kg in 216 to USD 3.43 per kg in 217. Latin America The region continues to be among the largest markets for Vietnamese pangasius, with Mexico and Brazil taking 75 percent of the market share. Average lower import prices in 217 encouraged higher imports during this period. Mexico imported close to 6 tonnes (+4 percent than in 216) and Brazil imported approximately 45 tonnes (+28 percent). Average import prices ranged between USD per kg in comparison to USD per kg in 216. Asia and the Pacific New Zealand and Australia are important markets in the Asia Pacific region, where imports of pangasius have been increasing. Combined imports of both markets reached close to 7 tonnes in 217 with Australia taking 85 percent of the market share. Australian imports of pangasius overtook imports of hake fillets, stimulated primarily by affordable prices. Demand for pangasius in the Japanese market increased steadily. In spite of the higher average import prices (USD 3.3 per kg) in 217 compared with 216 (USD 3.15 per kg), imports grew by nearly 5 percent to 6 1 tonnes in 217. China has emerged as the fastest growing market for pangasius in the Asia Pacific region in the last two years, with imports almost doubling to reach 53 5 tonnes in 217. China became the largest market for pangasius (whole and fillets) in Asia, overtaking Thailand. Imports of pangasius frozen fillet into India have been steadily increasing, reaching 15 1 tonnes in 217 from 3 tonnes in 214. Pangasius fillet is predominantly consumed through the catering trade. Local production of pangasius is also increasing with an estimated 3 tonnes in 217. Demand for pangasius in most parts of Asia remains firm considering the affordability of the species. The introduction of pangasius to Asia by the Vietnamese has also made the consumption of this fillet popular in the region. USA Imports Catfish Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Source: US Census Bureau Outlook Viet Nam Myanmar Total imports China Spain Imports Catfish Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Viet Nam Germany Total imports Source: Agencia Tributaria Netherlands Demand from markets other than the US and EU28 markets (namely China, Asia and Latin America) will likely be drivers of demand and thus lead to production growth in Viet Nam. There will be also increased production of smaller size fillets for the US market. Nevertheless higher anti-dumping duties imposed by the DOC on pangasius imports from Viet Nam will possibly have an impact on imports into the US market. Industry sources expect prices to strengthen this year GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

39 BASS & BREAM Globefish highlights Sector undergoing structural changes as production surplus continues to dampen prices The Mediterranean seabass and seabream aquaculture industry, led by Greece and Turkey, is currently experiencing a rise in investment activity, horizontal consolidation and vertical integration. Such development is taking on new importance as the pace of supply growth threatens to overwhelm demand. Seabass and seabream production (216) Others 48% Source: FAO European seabass 19% Japanese seabass 15% Gilthead seabream 18% Exports of farmed bass and bream by major producing countries Greece and Turkey rose in 217, backed by historically high production following a multi-year restructuring of the Greek sector and rapid expansion of the Turkish industry. According to estimates published by Kontali, total harvests for all producers combined reached tonnes for seabass and 191 tonnes for seabream in 217, with Greece and Turkey accounting for 69 and 64 percent of these totals, respectively. These figures represent new peaks for both species, and the additional supply kept pressure on prices in all major markets throughout the year, particularly for seabream. A severe price decline has so far been avoided, due to a combination of mitigating factors. In Turkey, margins have been relatively good due to continued currency depreciation that has protected exporters from price declines and made Turkish fish much cheaper for the majority of buyers. Also of importance was the partial recovery of the Russian Federation market and the success that Turkish exporters have had in developing new markets in the Middle East, in countries such as Lebanon, the United Arab Emirates and Israel. A general improvement in economic conditions in the core European markets such as Italy, Spain, France and the United Kingdom has also played a part in increasing demand just enough to prevent extensive damage to producer margins. In Greece, the sale of two of the largest seabass and seabream aquaculture companies, Nireus and Selonda, is expected to be finished in the coming months. Although the details of the deal have not yet been finalized, the end result is expected to be the consolidation of the Greek sector, which should in turn lead to increased efficiency due to economies of scale and a greater degree of price control. This is the latest step towards increased strategic coordination by the Greek industry, which has come to recognize the need for large-scale co-operation between all stakeholders in order to maintain their competitiveness in a market that has an increasing number of newer players, mainly in Turkey, but also in other Mediterranean countries such as Croatia and Malta. Efforts to achieve this began in 216 with the establishment of the Hellenic Aquaculture Producers Organization (HAPO), whose members produce 8 percent of Greece s farmed bass and bream. Focus has now shifted towards marketing, specifically the creation of a national brand that differentiates Greek fish from cheaper alternatives, primarily by emphasising its quality and origin. Greek producers are simply unable to compete on price terms with major competitors such as Turkey and this is particularly problematic in emerging markets where price is often the primary concern. However, the development of a national brand and the continuing expansion of the organic and sustainability certified GLOBEFISH Highlights April

40 product line will help Greek marketers to protect and grow their own distinct market segment. Due to relatively favourable prices and profit margins, 217 was a good year for the Turkish seabass and seabream sector. Ex-farm prices for seabream were relatively better than those for seabass. Profit margins encouraged the sector to plan for capacity expansion through investment in new potential sites. Environmentalist groups opposed the allocation and operationalization of new sites in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean of Turkey. Site allocation in the Aegean region was resolved by the end of 217. New production sites (45 metric tonnes of licensed capacity) in the Aydin Province will be operative by the end of 218 or early 219. This has the potential to increase supply by 45 metric tonnes of seabass and seabream, which could be entering the market in 22 or 221. According to industry sources, in lack of an efficient market promotion and marketing strategy, this additional supply has the potential to put pressure on prices. Allocation of potential aquaculture sites in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey, namely Mersin, is still pending. During the first quarter of 218, seabass prices were in the range of USD per kg depending on size category. Starting in March, prices were higher due to a decline in stocks and availability and they expected to soon reach USD 5.5 per kg. Seabream prices continued to be satisfactory during the first quarter of 218, at about USD 5.1 per kg since January. The devaluation of Turkish Lira (YTL) continued during this period and it is likely that a weak YTL in 218 will favour exports rather than domestic sales. Markets Italy Italy was the largest European market for seabass and seabream, absorbing an estimated 77 1 tonnes of both species combined in 217. The majority of Turkey Exports Seabream Fresh Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Netherlands Total exports Italy Source: Turkey Statistical Institute Greece Exports Seabass Fresh Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Italy France Total exports Source: Eurostat Spain Turkey Exports Seabass Fresh Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Italy Netherlands Total exports Lebanon Greece Exports Seabream Fresh Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Italy France Total exports Spain Source: Turkey Statistical Institute Source: Eurostat 39 4 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

41 this volume consisted of Greek fish, supplemented by Turkish supply in the lower priced segment and by domestic production for the higher end product range. Smaller producers such as Malta and Croatia are also supplying rising volumes to the Italian market. Italian imports rose in 217 as improving economic fundamentals boosted demand, with Italy the top destination for both Turkish and Greek exports. For seabream, 217 prices remained well below those observed in 216 for the majority of the year, reflecting the effect of higher harvests in both Greece and Turkey as well as domestically. Bass prices were also lower and declined steeply in the second half of 217. Spain Italy Imports Seabass Fresh Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Source: ISTAT - National Institute of Statistics Italy Imports Seabream Fresh Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Greece Total imports Greece Malta Total imports Turkey Turkey Source: ISTAT - National Institute of Statistics Consumption of bass and bream was relatively high in Spain in 217 as strong economic growth saw consumer spending rise and lower prices increased the relative attractiveness of bass and bream compared with alternative seafood items. Higher domestic production, driven by continuing investment into the sector, offset a slight drop in bream imports. Prices for both seabass and seabream were lower at Spanish wholesale markets in Barcelona and Madrid, particularly for smaller sizes, with the drop relatively more pronounced for bream than for bass. France French imports of seabass and seabream rose by 9 and 12 percent, respectively, in 217, with Greece supplying the majority of this volume and Spain the second placed supplier. Less expensive fish from Turkey is becoming more popular with French buyers, although the Turkish share of the French market was smaller than in other large European markets. Economic expansion was the primary reason behind strong French demand and relatively firm prices. Other markets The Portuguese market for bream has expanded rapidly in recent years, outgrowing the small domestic sector to the point where 14 tonnes of imports were required to meet demand in 217. Approximately 4 percent of this volume was supplied by Greece, with Spain and Turkey supplying 34 and 21 percent respectively. Bass imports have also risen, although not to the same extent. Meanwhile, the Russian Federation market has shown some signs of recovery, a welcome development for Turkish exporters. In the United Kingdom and the United States of America, demand for bass, particularly Turkish seabass, continued to grow, while seabream import volumes stagnated. Outlook Typically, the annual upturn in seabass and seabream prices is kickstarted by the arrival of Easter and associated demand. In 218, however, reports from the European market suggest that prices are still sluggish and fish are plentiful. Merger and acquisition activity is expected to continue across the sector, including in Turkey, with large investment funds and multinational corporations playing an increasingly important role in driving consolidation. Ongoing vertical integration, whereby aquaculture companies acquire feed and juvenile production facilities, is also contributing to the changing structure of the industry. Broadly speaking, the seabass and seabream sector is following a similar path to that of the farmed salmon sector, which has grown into a large, profitable, global industry. The shift towards a more coordinated international marketing campaign is also comparable to the salmon sector, although on a significantly smaller scale. In the shorter term, however, the continuing firmness of demand, and the relative stability of prices, will be more dependent on good economic conditions in core markets. GLOBEFISH Highlights April

42 SALMON Globefish highlights Steep price slide in the second half of 217 brings some stability back to the market A general shortage of farmed Atlantic salmon persisted throughout the first six months of 217 and prices remained high after the record heights reached at the end 216. From midsummer onwards, however, the release of large quantities of backed up supply volumes onto the market brought prices down to levels not seen since late 215, restoring some degree of balance to a still booming sector. Salmon production by species, both wild and farmed (216) Sockeye salmon 6% Chum salmon 9% Pink salmon 1% Coho salmon 5% Others 1% Source: FAO Atlantic salmon 69% Top three global producers of farmed Atlantic salmon Unit: 1 tonnes Source: FAO (until 215), *estimate Norway Norway United Kingdom Chile * 217* After a 5 percent drop in 216, Norwegian farmed Atlantic salmon production rebounded in 217, driven by improved biological performance and good water temperatures over the summer months. The total harvest of 35 million fish was 3 percent higher than the previous year, although these volumes were heavily concentrated towards the latter half of 217. Although a spike in harvest volumes in the third quarter is typical in Norway, this was an abnormally large quantity of fish for the market to absorb over such a short period of time and prices inevitably suffered. Starting at their highest point of almost NOK 8 per kg at the start of 217, Norwegian salmon export prices fell steeply from June onwards, bottoming out at around NOK 45 per kg in early December. Despite the rapid price decline later in 217, relatively higher prices earlier in the year translated into a higher average export price of NOK 56 per kg compared with NOK 54.5 per kg in 216. Norwegian total salmon export revenues of NOK 64.7 billion for the year set a new record, supported by slowly accelerating economic growth in a number of important markets and a diversification of its export destinations. The EU28 remains by far the largest market for farmed Norwegian salmon, but its share of total value dropped to 71 percent in 217, compared with 74 percent in 216. Demand in the EU28 has increased due to improving economic conditions, but exceptionally high prices have driven some consumers away from salmon. In contrast, Asian markets increased their share, as did the US market. China and Norway resumed Free Trade 42 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

43 Agreement (FTA) negotiations in 217, and Norway s access to this key market has improved after being restricted as a result of political disputes. Norwegian fresh salmon exports to China are currently subject to a 1 percent tariff. China and the United States of America are being actively targeted by the Norwegian industry due to the size and future growth potential of these two markets. Norway is also diversifying into new markets for its farmed salmon such as Viet Nam, the Republic of Korea and Thailand. Forecasts for Norwegian farmed Atlantic salmon production growth in 218 were optimistic earlier in the year, with some analysts anticipating an increase of as much as 1 percent. However, colder than expected water temperatures and related mortalities led to a relative scarcity of fish towards the end of March 218 and prompted downward revisions of those forecasts. At the same time, the response of prices to Easter demand demonstrated the continuing strength of consumer demand for farmed salmon, pushing the Fish Pool Index for fresh whole salmon back up to NOK 71 per kg by week 1. Fish Pool forward prices for the second quarter have risen to NOK 7 per kg, although in the latter half of 218 supply is expected to be sufficient to keep prices down around NOK per kg. Although the supply of farmed Norwegian trout received a boost from the same positive environmental and biological conditions affecting salmon growth in the second half of 217, biomasses remained at low levels relative to historical norms and total exports were down 41 percent in volume and 27 percent in value in 217. Fresh farmed trout prices peaked at near NOK 8 per kg in the second quarter of 217, but had fallen back to around NOK 55 per kg by early 218. Chile Chilean salmon industry is showing positive progress in environmental, health, productive and economic terms due to the measures implemented by the Government. Around 58 percent of the farming centres presented excellent health performance, with less than 1 percent losses in their productive cycle. In the midst of this growth, there were mergers and acquisitions, investments and expansion plans in the business sector. At the end of 217 Chilean production of farmed salmon had recovered to the events of 216. Around 582 tonnes of Atlantic salmon were harvested in 217, 15.2 percent more than in 216, and representing 73.6 percent of the overall Chilean fish harvest. Roughly 75 tonnes of rainbow trout were produced, 4.1 percent higher than in 216, and 9.5 percent of the total fish harvest. Pacific salmon harvest levels reached 134 tonnes during 217, representing a remarkable 35 percent growth compared to 216, and 16.9 percent of the total fish harvest. The Central Bank of Chile reported salmon exports worth USD million during 217, 19 percent higher than the USD million in 216. Norwegian exports of salmon January-December 1 tonnes Fresh Poland France Denmark Total Frozen Sweden United States of America Israel Total Prepared Australia United States of America Italy Total Source: TDM Chilean exports of salmon January-December 1 tonnes Fresh United States of America Brazil China Total Frozen Japan Russian Federation United States of America Total Prepared United States of America Japan.1..3 Canada Total Source: TDM GLOBEFISH Highlights April

44 Regarding disease problems, an intense growth in the flowering of harmful algae set off the alarms in the region of Aysén and south of Los Lagos. This abundance increased in rates that were not seen for the past nine years. Other areas have witnessed this issue and the event is comparable to the one occurred in 29. This has worn the salmon farming industry although no significant mortalities have been recorded yet. Some analysts forecast that the industry will grow about 6 percent during the next two years, compared with the previous productive period, taking into account all measures applied. The observed harvests growth and the price improvement offer an encouraging outlook, and is ideal for new mergers and/or acquisitions. United Kingdom The Scottish salmon farming industry has established a firm foothold in Europe, particularly in France, in the United States of America and in China. Exports to all three countries rose in 217. This diversification of core markets combined with high prices, booming demand and a weaker currency has created ideal conditions for rapid export revenue growth and good profits. However, sea lice and environmental issues remain a concern for the industry and a focus for negative media coverage. In the second quarter of 218, UK exporters have reported the same price spike as their Norwegian counterparts on the back of strong Easter demand. The first market for Scottish salmon continues to be the United Kingdom. For UK consumers, salmon remains the number one seafood choice, although prices at retail level rose 16.6 percent in 217, according to Nielsen. Total volume sold dropped by 1 percent to 51 6 tonnes but total value was up by 4.6 percent to GBP 916 million. Wild salmon Russian Federation harvests of wild salmon reached 353 tonnes in 217, a decrease of 6 percent compared with 215, the last comparable year. Meanwhile, reports from Alaska put the 217 total at 473 tonnes, 3 percent less than in 215. The projected total harvest for the coming season in Alaska is 34 percent lower, although this is mainly due to the typical drop in pink salmon harvests in even-numbered years. In the Russian Federation, however, a record-breaking pink salmon harvest has been forecasted, pushing the total to 492 tonnes, with pink salmon catches contributing 69 percent of this total. Markets Global demand for seafood was raised in 217 by strengthening economic fundamentals in both developed and developing markets, and the salmon industry has benefitted, despite higher prices for both farmed and wild. In particular, the EU28, the United States of America and Japan all increased their imports in 217, while China, Viet Nam, Thailand, the Republic of Korea and the Philippines led the expansion in Asia. The economic recoveries in Brazil and in the Russian Federation are evident in their import statistics, each importing 12 percent more salmon imports in 217 in US dollar terms. The combined capacity of these markets to absorb the exceptionally large quantities of farmed salmon produced in the second half of 217 without a severe price crash is evidence of the continuing and increasing popularity of salmon in a geographically diverse range of countries. Salmon s versatility and nutritional qualities allow marketers to align themselves with the broader consumer trends of health and convenience, and to ensure that salmon s popularity grows together with cuisine styles such as poke and sushi that are becoming more widespread, particularly amongst the younger demographic. UK Exports Salmon Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes France China Total exports United States of America France France is the largest single European market for salmon, with Norway and the United Kingdom its leading suppliers. In recent years, Norway has become a less important supplier, and these volumes have been replaced by Scottish salmon. Originsensitive French consumers increasingly prefer Scottish farmed Atlantic salmon, some of which bears the French Label Rouge quality mark. In 217, surplus volumes late in the year and the resulting price decline brought some relief to processors that have suffered from high raw material costs. Reports from the industry indicate better than expected end-of-year smoked salmon sales and improved consumer confidence Source: Eurostat GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

45 Germany German consumers generally favour smoked salmon, which represented 37 percent of the total value of German salmon imports in 217 in US dollar terms. However, a rise in imports of fresh whole Atlantic salmon from Norway reflects the growing popularity of fresh salmon products, helped by concentrated marketing efforts by discount retail chains and demand from sushi and poke food service establishments. High prices have affected sales volumes across all products in the German market, but total revenue continues to increase. Germany, along with multiple other EU28 markets, is expected to benefit from accelerating economic growth in 218, and the outlook for salmon demand remains positive. Germany Imports Salmon Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes Norway Denmark Total imports Poland Source: Eurostat United States of America Although revitalized economic growth resulted in higher salmon imports in many important markets in 217, it is the United States of America where the effect of improving economic fundamentals on salmon demand has been particularly evident. Despite its growing popularity, there is still significant potential for higher consumption of salmon among the US population, estimated most recently at around 62 g per capita per year (source: USDA). Import volumes have continued to rise even as prices have soared and competition for supply has intensified globally. The total value of US salmon imports in 217 was 16.5 percent higher than the previous year, and 38.1 percent higher than in 215. Although Chile remains the top supplier, a number of other farmed salmon producers, including Norway and the United Kingdom, have been directing a higher proportion of their production to the booming US market. The development of a salmon aquaculture sector in the United States of America was set back in early 218, however, after a bill was passed to ban Atlantic salmon farming in Washington state waters. Japan Although seafood demand is generally on a longterm declining trend in Japan, demand for salmon has remained relatively strong. Japan imports farmed coho salmon from Chile, farmed Atlantic salmon mainly from Norway and wild sockeye salmon from the Russian Federation and the United States of America. Prices rose for all these species in 217, but Japanese import volumes were largely unaffected, indicating a firm underlying demand. In 218, Japanese importers are being helped by a recovering yen and demand should remain Japan Imports Salmon Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Chile Norway Total imports US imports of salmon January-December 1 tonnes Fresh Chile Canada Norway Total Frozen China Chile Norway Total Prepared Thailand Chile China Total Source:TDM Source: Ministry of Finance and the Customs GLOBEFISH Highlights April

46 strong in a stable economic environment. However, competition for volumes is strong, and even the Japanese staple, farmed coho salmon from Chile, is now increasingly wanted by buyers in a number of other countries such as the Russian Federation and various East and Southeast Asian markets. Prices Salmon: France EUR/kg 8 6 systems such as closed-containment are not yet viable on a large scale. Given the trajectory and geographic extent of market expansion, aggregate demand should continue to be more than sufficient to absorb current volumes at profitable prices for producers, so long as relatively stable economic conditions persist in core markets, including in large emerging markets such as Brazil, the Russian Federation and China. However, ongoing efforts to address consumer concerns regarding the environmental impact of salmon farming will be necessary to ensure the continued popularity of salmon products, particularly amongst the younger demographic in developed markets. 4 2 Fresh, gutted, HO, 3-6 kg/pc, origin: Norway Source: GLOBEFISH European Price Report Prices Trout: Italy EUR/kg 6 4 Trout: Salmos pp. 2 Rainbow Trout: Oncorhynchus mykiss Ex-farm price from Norway Source: GLOBEFISH European Price Report 46 Outlook Previous forecasts for some 8 percent growth in global farmed Atlantic salmon production volume in 218 now look to have been somewhat optimistic. Colder water temperatures and higher than anticipated losses are expected to negatively affect total harvests in European waters, while algal blooms in Chile may have the same effect. Meanwhile, a jump in wild salmon catches in the Russian Federation should be offset at the global level by a reduction in Alaskan catches in 218. In the longer term, investment into new aquaculture sites, for example in Iceland and Eastern Canada, should not have a significant impact on total supply for some years to come, and alternative farming GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

47 SMALL PELAGICS Globefish highlights Lower mackerel and herring prices Mackerel and herring prices declined in 217, and no change seems to be in sight. A substantial increase in supplies of anchovies is expected, while herring and mackerel supplies are likely to decline slightly. Prices have been on a downward trend for some time and are not expected to improve much in the short term. In February 218, Iceland and the Faroe Islands agreed on Faroese fishing rights in Icelandic waters. The parties agreed on mutual access to blue whiting and Norwegian-Icelandic herring. Icelandic vessels may fish for bluefin tuna in Faroese waters, while the Faroese can catch 5 percent of the Icelandic capelin quota, limited to 25 tonnes. Brexit is in the back of everybody s minds as the negotiation between the United Kingdom and the European Union (Member Organization) for fishing quotas is underway. The European Union wants the United Kingdom to respect the CFP until 221. This gives European Union countries access to British waters between 12 and 2 nautical miles. However, the British have suggested to abandon the CFP when the country leaves the EU28, and negotiations have started to reach an agreement on this and other issues. Mackerel In January 218, the Peruvian Ministry of Production established catch quotas for horse mackerel (Trachurus murphy) at 75 tonnes and mackerel (Scomber japonicus) at 11 tonnes. However, these quotas can be modified depending on biological and/or environmental factors. In 217, supplies of frozen mackerel to the European market increased slightly to about 15 tonnes. Shipments from Norway declined marginally, while arrivals from Iceland increased significantly. Supplies to the Asian markets increased even more, with Norway clearly in the lead as the main provider accounting for more than 8 percent of supplies to these markets. The two largest importers of mackerel in Asia were China and Japan and both increased the import volumes in 217, to 87 8 tonnes and 7 6 tonnes, respectively. In 218, landings of Atlantic mackerel are expected to decline a bit. Norway, which is a major producer, is expected to land about 277 tonnes, substantially lower than the 348 tonnes in 217. The mackerel inventory declined from last year, and one would therefore expect prices to go up. First-hand prices did indeed go up a little in the first weeks of 218. RECENT NEWS Climate change and global warming is benefitting the Greenland fisheries industry, at least in the short term. Species that thrive in warmer waters than those around the coasts of Greenland, like mackerel and bluefin tuna, are finding their way north and being caught by Greenland vessels. Significantly increased landings helped the economy to grow by 4.6 percent in 216. African imports of mackerel declined significantly in 217. Both of the main suppliers, the EU28 and Norway, suffered declined volumes, while Iceland increased shipments of mackerel to Africa. An active buyer in the mackerel market was the Russian Federation. Imports to the Russian Federation increased for the second year in a row, and again, the Faroe Islands was the leading supplier, accounting for about two thirds of the total. Other western countries such as Norway and the EU28 cannot export to the Russian Federation because of the import ban for these countries. Greenland and China were also active suppliers to the Russian Federation, but with smaller quantities than the Faroe Islands. GLOBEFISH Highlights April

48 Export prices Mackerel: Norway NOK/kg fresh whole frozen whole shoals. The average size of the herring landed was 348 g, with fat content within the market demands. Demand for single fillets without skin was good in Germany, and this product typically requires about 12 percent fat. Herring prices declined in 217. EU28 market prices in EUR were down by about percent. The price drop was more pronounced for Norwegian exporters with export prices in NOK down by over 26 percent. The NSC blames the price decline on larger quotas and increased volumes on the market, on increased competition, and on the fact that Norway and most western countries are being blocked from selling to the most important market, the Russian Federation. Source: Norwegian Seafood Council China Exports Mackerel Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December 25 2 Indonesia Thailand Total exports Philippines 5 4 Export prices Frozen herring: Norway NOK/kg Frozen fillets Whole frozen Source: China Customs Source: Norwegian Seafood Council 48 Herring Atlantic herring quotas are set to be somewhat reduced in 218 compared to 217, based on the recommendations by the ICES. Landings are expected to come down a bit. Norway is expected to land about 484 tonnes of Atlantic herring, down from about 56 tonnes in 217. The outlook for Alaska herring seems brighter in 218 than last year. The Togiak, the main fishing area for herring in Alaska, TAC for 218 has been increased by 49 percent to tonnes. Purse seiners get 7 percent of this, while gillnetters get the remaining 3 percent. The fleet only caught 95 percent of the quota in 217, landing 16 tonnes of herring. The Norwegian pelagic fishery started slowly in January 218. Vessels reported a lot of herring, but it was swimming deep and therefore difficult to catch with purse seines. Fishing improved in February 218 as good weather made it easier to access the herring GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218 Germany Imports Herring Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Denmark Netherlands Total imports Source: Eurostat Poland

49 Russian Federation Exports Herring Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December China Nigeria Total exports Republic of Korea Source: Federal Customs Service of Russia Anchovy/Sardines/Capelin The current La Niña, which has impacted the waters of South America since October 217, is not expected to have a negative effect on the Chilean pelagic fishery. The climatic phenomenon is expected to last until April 218 and has been characterized as a rather weak event. In early February 218, the Ministry of Production in Peru reported that 46 percent of the anchovy quota had been landed during the second fishing season of 217, which ran from 23 November 217 to 26 January 218. Expectations for the 218 fishery are that anchovy landings will be significantly increased. Kontali Analyse estimates an increase of up to 1.8 million tonnes in Peru alone. Most of this catch goes for fishmeal production. It is expected that there will be a small increase in horse mackerel because of the more extensive presence of cold water in the coastal zone of southern-central Chile. Mackerel fishing is expected to be favourable until July/August, with a good chance of filling the quota. Iceland registered a 1 percent increase in fish landings in 217. Landings were particularly strong for capelin and blue whiting. Capelin catches increased by 95 percent compared to 216, to tonnes, while blue whiting catches increased by 22 percent to tonnes. Capelin quotas are expected to be cut for 218, from 299 tonnes previously proposed to 28 tonnes. At the end of March 218, it was reported that the Norwegian capelin quota of 421 tonnes was almost filled, except for about 3 tonnes. The capelin fishery came to an early close in 218. Most of this catch goes to reduction purposes (fishmeal and fish oil), but about 17 tonnes goes to human consumption, mostly used for roe production. In 218, total capelin landings are expected to increase by some 2 tonnes. 5 Trade Norwegian exports of mackerel increased by 9.4 percent in 217, to 338 tonnes. Most of this increase was accounted for by higher exports to China, Turkey, Viet Nam, Taiwan Province of China and the United Kingdom. Norway s market share in some of the major importing countries rose or remained quite high, with 21.2 percent in China, 18.5 percent in Japan, and 11.2 percent in the Republic of Korea. Norwegian mackerel exports to China went up by an impressive 38.9 percent (71 5 tonnes), while exports to Japan fell slightly to 62 4 tonnes (-3.1 percent) and to the Republic of Korea fell to 38 tonnes (-2.1 percent). China also exported more mackerel to the world in 217 than in 216. Total mackerel exports (including jack mackerel and horse mackerel) increased from 344 tonnes to 47 tonnes (+18.3 percent). The largest markets were Indonesia with 83 tonnes, the Philippines with 76 tonnes, and Thailand with 36 tonnes. Norwegian herring exports also increased significantly, from tonnes in 216 to tonnes in 217 (+36 percent). Main markets included Denmark (36 5 tonnes, 16.2 percent of total), Egypt (32 4 tonnes, 14.4 percent of total) and Ukraine (31 3 tonnes, 13.9 percent of total). German imports of herring declined by 1.5 percent in 217 compared to 216. Total imports amounted to 12 tonnes. The main suppliers were Denmark (5 tonnes), Poland (34 tonnes) and the Netherlands (4 tonnes). Exports of herring from the Russian Federation almost doubled in 217 compared to 216, from 12 tonnes in 216 to 23 tonnes in 217. Almost all of this increase was accounted for by a massive increase in shipments to China, up from 77 tonnes in 216 to 162 tonnes in 217. Exports to the Republic of Korea and Nigeria were also increased, but the volumes were much smaller, 18 tonnes and 8 tonnes, respectively. Norwegian exports of small pelagics January-December 1 tonnes Mackerel China Japan Republic of Korea Total Herring Denmark Egypt Ukraine Total Source: TDM GLOBEFISH Highlights April

50 Outlook It is expected that there will be a decline in landings of Atlantic herring but a significant increase in landings of South American anchovy. There will be an overall decline in landings for human consumption. Prices are expected to continue to weaken for herring and mackerel in the beginning of the year but may recover in the second half of 218. Norway will continue to dominate the Asian market for mackerel. Larger volumes are expected to go for reduction purposes. The Russian Federation embargo on supplies from the western countries will continue. 5 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218 Fotolia - Shulevsky Vladimir

51 FISH MEAL & FISH OIL Globefish highlights By the end of the second fishing season of 217, only 46 percent of the anchovy quota in Peru was fulfilled This was below market expectation and drove the prices up. In 218, the market is reasonably optimistic on the first fishing season in Peru, on preserved biomass and on favourable fishing conditions. Top global producers of fishmeal Unit: 1 tonnes Peru Thailand/Viet Nam Source: IFFO, Oil world Top global producers of fish oil Unit: 1 tonnes China Peru Denmark/Norway United States of America Production The first anchovy fishing season of 217 in Peru, which started in April, reached 85 percent of the total allowable quota, with catch totalling 2.4 million tonnes. This outcome was interpreted as a positive indication of the end of the El Niño and of a recovered anchovy biomass in Peru. The quota for the second fishing season of 217 in the centrenorth area was set at 1.49 million tonnes. Exploratory fishing started on November 217, but due to the high presence of juveniles, the second anchovy season was not resumed until January 218. Merely tonnes of anchovy were landed until the end of the second season (26 28 January 218) equivalent to 46 percent of the assigned quota. In total, the Peruvian government reported 735 tonnes of fishmeal output in 217, 16.2 percent more than in 216. Nordic countries also registered higher production due to an abundant supply of small pelagics. Sand eel harvest in Denmark and Norway, capelin from Iceland and herring from Norway, jointly raised the market supply. Overall, Nordic countries reported a combined production of approximately 6 tonnes of fishmeal in 217 (+3 percent over 216) and 15 tonnes of fish oil (+18 percent) Source: IFFO, Oil world Exports The successful first fishing season translated into a 51 percent growth in Peruvian exports in 217, compared to 216. Peru exported a total of 977 tonnes of fishmeal in 217, representing more than 35 percent of the aggregated world exports. Nearly 8 percent of the Peruvian exports were destined for China. Viet Nam and Japan absorbed 5 and 4 percent, respectively. Denmark, Chile, the United States of America, Morocco and Iceland exported more than 1 tonnes of fishmeal in 217, above the export volumes of 216. GLOBEFISH Highlights April

52 Fish oil exports from Peru reached 165 tonnes, 73 percent more than in 216, and surpassed Danish exports. Denmark exported 147 tonnes of fish oil, mostly to Norway and the United Kingdom. Markets Since the stricter environmental protection regulations and standards have been in effect, farmers feeding ponds with raw forage fishes and domestic reduction plants of fishmeal and fish oil have had to come up with new operative solutions to handle the inspections. The increased regulatory awareness has stimulated the Chinese market to press for a shift in the feeding structure. More companies and farmers resort to compound feed to provide sufficient protein rather than to raw forage fish to feed carnivorous species. Many producing plants moved to trade business instead of producing fishmeal and fish oil locally. Some small-scale producers shutdown because they were below the environmental standards. Production consolidation has been happening in China to improve their ability to meet the inspection requirements. In addition, the fishing moratorium that traditionally goes from June to September was extended by one month to sustain the fish biomass in the ocean in China. This extension affected the supply of raw materials intended for fishmeal and fish oil reduction. All these factors contributed to the highest Chinese imports so far, a total of million tonnes in 217, 56 percent of which were shipped from Peru. Norwegian imports of fishmeal and fish oil increased in 217 (+1 percent). More than half of the provision of fishmeal was supplied by Iceland. Denmark and the Faroe Islands added an additional 4 percent of the total Norwegian fishmeal imports. Price Fishmeal price has been trending upward since the first half of 217, due to increasing global demand, in particular demand from China, seeking to substitute the market scarcity caused by local production shortages. When the second fishing season in Peru was announced to be suspended in November 217, fishmeal and fish oil prices rose steeply. Peruvian super prime fishmeal traded in Shanghai, China at more than USD 2 per tonne in early 218, while the price was around USD 1 6 per tonne in the middle of 217. With the optimistic prospects for the first anchovy fishing season in Peru starting in April 218, the fishmeal and fish oil prices are levelling off. Further corrections will materialize upon the announcement of the volume of the assigned quota for this season and the weather situation by then. Denmark Exports Fish oil Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Source: Eurostat Peru Exports Fishmeal Top three destinaions Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Norway Netherlands Total imports China Japan Total exports Source: Produce Peru Exports Fish oil Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Source: Produce United Kingdom Viet Nam Denmark Canada Total exports China GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

53 Norway Imports Fishmeal Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Iceland Faroe Islands Total imports Denmark Prices fish oil and rape oil: Europe USD/tonne Fish oil Fish meal Source: Norway Bureau of Statistics 16 Source: Oil World Norway Imports Fish oil Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Peru Iceland Total imports Denmark Prices Fish oil and fish meal: Europe USD/tonne Fish oil Fish meal Source: Norway Bureau of Statistics China Imports Fishmeal Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Peru United States of America Total exports Source: China Customs Viet Nam Source: Oil World Outlook The postponement of the Peruvian fishing season in 217 due to the high presence of juveniles provided the anchovy schools adequate time to grow in recent months and thus to build up a healthy adult biomass in Peruvian waters. Peru, as the driver of global fishmeal and fish oil output, is thus likely to see an encouraging first anchovy fishing season in 218. Current level-off price is also expected to undergo further correction from its seasonal peak. GLOBEFISH Highlights April

54 LOBSTER Globefish highlights Tighter supplies and higher prices The New England lobster harvest decreased in 217 and could decline further. Production of lobster in warmer areas may be improving, but the overall picture in 218 will be one of tighter supplies and higher prices. Strong demand in China seems to be the main driver in the market. Supplies The lobster harvest in Maine for 217 declined by 16 percent by volume compared to 216. The average price per pound dropped from USD 4.8 per lb in 216 to USD 3.91 per lb in 217. The first-hand value of the lobster catch in Maine dropped by 2 percent from USD 54 million in 216 to USD 434 million in 217. Maine accounts for about 83 percent of the total US lobster catch. Lobster production (216) Others 7% Tropical lobsters nei 1% Caribbean spiny lobster 22% Source: FAO American lobster 61% A recent study by the Gulf of Maine Research Institute (GMRI) predicts that warming ocean temperatures will lead to a drop in the lobster population in Maine by 4 62 percent by the year 23. The Maine Department of Marine Resources has little faith in the GMRI prediction, stating that this wild resource is difficult to predict. New Zealand has set the rock lobster quota for the 218/219 season at tonnes, a 1 percent decline from the 217/218 quota. The New Zealand rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii), also known as southern rock lobster or spiny red rock lobster, is New Zealand s most valuable seafood export commodity. In 217, New Zealand exported rock lobster worth NZD 266 million (USD 189 million), which nevertheless represented a decline of 16 percent compared to 216. Mexico reported that lobster catches in the northern Pacific zone of Baja California are excellent. It is estimated that the fishery will yield more than 2 2 tonnes by the end of the season in 218, compared to the 1 2 tonnes that have been the norm in recent years. The catch consists mostly of red lobster (Panulirus interruptus) and is mostly exported to Asian markets. World imports/exports of lobster January - December (1 tonnes) Imports United States of America China Canada Total Exports Canada United States of America United Kingdom Total Source: TDM 54 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

55 US imports/exports of lobster January - December (1 tonnes) Imports Canada Bahamas Honduras Total Exports Canada China Italy Total Source: TDM EU28 Imports Lobster Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Canada Nicaragua Total imports Source: Eurostat United States of America International trade Global lobster imports appear to have declined in 217 compared to 216, when total imports amounted to tonnes. The largest importers were the United States of America with 58 9 tonnes (-3.9 percent), followed by China with 27 5 tonnes (+24.5 percent), and Canada with 25 4 tonnes (-22.2 percent). There was a notable increase in French imports, which increased from 8 2 tonnes in 216 to 11 tonnes in 217 (+34.4 percent). China imported 27 5 tonnes of lobsters in 217, up from 22 tonnes in 216 (+24.5 percent). The largest suppliers were Canada (1 1 tonnes, percent), the United States of America (8 tonnes, -.6 percent), New Zealand (2 6 tonnes, -4.7 percent) and Australia (2 3 tonnes, +382 percent). China Imports Lobster Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Canada New Zealand Total imports Source: Eurostat United States of America US lobster exports to the EU28 have been declining for some time, and the decline increased after Canada and the EU28 implemented a bilateral trade agreement in September 217. However, the decline in US exports to the EU28 has been compensated by increased exports to Asia. In 217, the United States of America exported 8 1 tonnes of lobster to the EU28, down from 1 4 tonnes in 216 (-22 percent). US exports to Asia (including some Middle East countries like Saudi Arabia and Israel) increased from 15 7 tonnes in 216 to 17 6 tonnes in 217 (+12 percent). China (including Hong Kong SAR and Macao SAR) accounted for almost two thirds of this with 11 9 tonnes. Australia is also benefiting from strong demand for lobster in China. Most of the Australian rock lobster is exported to China, and the quality is high. US imports came mainly from Canada, which accounted for no less than 5 8 tonnes, 86.3 percent of the total. Other suppliers to the Canada Exports Lobster Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Source: United States of America Republic of Korea Total exports China GLOBEFISH Highlights April

56 Prices Lobster tails: USA USD/lb EXW prices of frozen lobster tails (8-1 oz/pc), origin: Brazil Source: INFOFISH Trade News Wholesale prices American lobster: USA USD/lb 16 United States of America included the Bahamas (1 8 tonnes) and Honduras (1 3 tonnes). Prices Lobster is often associated with romantic dinners, and naturally, Valentine s Day is a popular lobster season. However, in the United States of America, the Valentine s Day lobster dinner came very much more expensive this year. At the consumer level, prices were up by almost 5 percent compared to two years ago, as the market prices reached USD 23.5 per lb. Dealers report that demand during such holidays as Valentine s Day and Chinese New Year is very strong, and consequently prices go up during these periods. Outlook If predictions about the Maine lobster fishery are correct, total supplies of lobsters will decline in 218. Tighter supplies and a strong demand in the most important markets will surely push prices upwards. China seems to have a strongly growing desire for lobster, particularly for the North American lobster, though demand for Australian rock lobsters is also very strong. Price increases across the board can be expected lb live, NY wholesale price Source: INFOFISH Trade News Prices European lobster: Europe EUR/kg Live, origin: Ireland; 4 6, 6 8 g/pc Source: GLOBEFISH European Price Report 56 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

57 BIVALVES Globefish highlights Bivalves market very positive Demand for bivalves is growing worldwide. All major consuming countries reported high requests for bivalve products. Production is increasing, but it is generally not enough to completely meet the world demand, leading to growing prices in all major markets. Mussel industry bound to grow The Chilean mussel industry reported a record year in 217, with production exceeding 3 tonnes, after low production in 216. Contrary to all the other major producing countries, all this production goes to exports, making Chile the world s major exporter of mussels. In 217, exports reached 7 tonnes meat weight, an 18 percent increase over 216. Spain is the main market for Chilean mussels, importing 15 tonnes in 217, a 25 percent growth from 216. These mussels are mainly used in the canning industry, and compete there heavily with the domestic mussels produced in the Galician fjords. Other major importing countries of Chilean mussels are the United States of America, France, and Italy. These three countries reported stable imports of Chilean mussels in 217. However, the Russian Federation is becoming an important outlet for Chilean mussels, importing some 9 tonnes in 217, a 51 percent increase from 216. Similar to Chile, New Zealand is producing mainly for the export market. In recent years, after a boom in the 199s, these exports have been stable at USD 18 million. Main importing countries are the United States of America, China and Thailand. This stagnant situation is about to change this year, as the mussel industry in New Zealand is about to change significantly, using new technologies, such as hatchery-bred mussel spat. Mussel aquaculture growth is set to boost New Zealand seafood exports in 218. The outlook for mussel production is positive also in all other mussel culturing countries, but demand is likely to exceed production growth, and prices are forecast to increase even further in the coming months. Bivalve production by selected species, both wild and farmed (216) Scallops 24% EU28 Imports Mussels Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Mussels 18% Chile Norway Total imports Source: Eurostat Clams 4% Source: FAO New Zealand Oyster 54% GLOBEFISH Highlights April

58 Imports Spain Imports Mussels Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Chile Greece Total imports World imports/exports of mussels January - December (1 tonnes) France Italy Netherlands Total Exports Chile Netherlands Spain Total Source: TDM Italy Chile Exports Mussels Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Prices Mussels: France EUR/kg 6 Spain France Total exports United States of America Source: Chile National Customs Office Source: Agencia Tributaria GLOBEFISH Highlights April France Imports Mussels Top three origins Unit: 1 tonne, January-December Spain Chile Total imports Source: Eurostat Netherlands Monthly average consumet prices in metropolitan France Source: European Price Report Price of oysters sky-high and likely to grow further Oysters are an upper end product, with consumers willing to pay high prices. Overall world trade of this commodity is rather limited at 7 tonnes. France is the main exporting country of oysters, though being only number five among the producing countries. In 217, the country exported 12 tonnes, 2 percent more than in 216. France is also a major importer of oysters, with 8 tonnes in 217. Demand for oysters is growing in the United States of America, the world s major importing country with 12 tonnes last year. In addition to imports, the country is also trying to boost domestic production. Maine oyster is a new industry that has been growing rapidly, with massive expansion. However, demand is still higher than what the supply is able to meet, so prices continue to grow, oyster is sold by the number rather than by the dozen or in bags as on the US West Coast, which indicates that

59 oysters are considered a top seafood item in New York and other East Coast cities. With the economic growth forecasted for 218, further increase in demand for oysters is likely to materialize, especially during the holiday months. China imports less scallops World imports of scallops declined sharply in 217, as China, the main world s importer of this species, reported a 24 percent drop in their imports. China still represents about one quarter of the world s imports of scallops. The decline in Chinese demand for foreign scallops was caused by an increase in domestic production. The United States of America reported an 18 percent decline in scallop imports. France was the only importing country reporting higher demand for external scallops. Scallops are the fourth largest seafood import into France, after shrimp, tuna and salmon. In 217 French imports of scallops from Argentina boomed to 3 tonnes, while Peru which used to be the main exporter lost ground, due to a failure in the Peruvian scallop production in 216 early 217. The Peruvian scallop industry is likely to recover ground in 218. Clams World imports/exports of oysters January - December (1 tonnes) Imports United States of America France China, Hong Kong SAR Total Exports France China Republic of Korea Total Source: TDM Overall world imports of clam are increasing, though the two main clam importing countries, Japan and the Republic of Korea, reported stable imports in 217. Total world imports reached 28 tonnes last year, a 6 percent growth over 216. This increase in imports was mainly due to import rises in southern European countries such as Spain and Italy. Both countries have important aquaculture and capture clam fisheries, but in recent years this production was not enough to meet demand. Spanish imports of clams reached 38 7 tonnes in 217, a 14 percent increase over 216. China and the Republic of Korea are the main clam exporting countries, followed by Canada. In Canada, the 3- year monopoly of Clearwater Seafoods over the Artic surf clam has allowed the company to harvest up to 38 tonnes of clams. In 218, there will be an allocation of 8 7 tonnes to a First Nationsowned company. The impact of this decision for the world clam market is still to be seen. EU28 Imports Scallops Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December United States of America Peru Total imports Source: Eurostat World imports/exports of scallops January - December (1 tonnes) Imports China United States of America France Total Exports China United States of America United Kingdom Total Source: TDM GLOBEFISH Highlights April

60 France Imports Scallops Top three origins Unit: 1 tonne, January-December United states of America Total imports United Kingdom Source: Eurostat Imports World imports/exports of clams, cockles, arkshells January - December (1 tonnes) Japan Republic of Korea Spain Total Exports China Republic of Korea Canada Total Source: TDM Outlook continues strong Further increase in demand for bivalves is expected for the holiday period in North America and in Europe. There seems to be no limit to the price expectations by traders. Bivalves are also increasingly being used in the preparation of ready meals, being one of the most versatile products for diversification of product presentation. FAO/Marco Salustro 6 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218 Fotolia - naturalbox

61 CRAB Globefish highlights Higher prices for king crab and snow crab The quotas for snow crab are lower for 218, and consequently landings will go down. Demand is good, and prices will therefore go up. Illegal fishing in the Russian Federation appears to be declining, but the increased quotas there will probably have little or no effect on prices. Supplies The global supply of snow crab is expected to be around 14 metric tonnes in 218. This is a reduction of about 1 percent from 217, and a 76 percent reduction from 215, when the amount landed was 15 tonnes. TACs in Canada are expected to be dramatically reduced. It is expected that TAC in Nova Scotia will be reduced by 47 percent, while in Newfoundland and Labrador a 2 percent reduction is expected. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation is considering changing the quota allocation system to an auction system. Industry representatives fear that this will increase illegal crab fishing and ultimately jeopardize the fishery s MSC certification. The Russian Federation is committed to capture a larger share of the US market for king crab and one way to achieve that would be to ensure MSC certification for their crab fisheries. The Russian Federation increased quota for king crab (from 21 to 26 tonnes) should have an effect on prices, but it is not known what this effect will be. Some observers believe that the effect will be negligible, claiming that the illegal crab that was already on the market will now just become legal and the total amount available may not be increasing as much as it would appear from the quota numbers. In the beginning of 218, dungeness crabbers on the US coast of Washington faced difficulties again. While domoic acid concerns delayed the season in 217, this year the weather caused the postponement and the season only began on 15 January. Further south, in California, the authorities have extended the rock crab fishery by opening areas that were previously closed due to high domoic acid levels. The fishery was closed since 8 November but was opened in mid-january. The California crab fishery was closed in June 216 due to an outbreak of algal blooming which caused the occurrence of domoic acid in the crabs. Some areas were later opened, but there have been several such occurrences since. Crab production (216) Others 32% Blue swimming crab 9% Source: FAO Chinese mitten crab 29% Gazami crab 18% Marine crabs nei 12% Top three importers of crab Unit: 1 tonnes United States of America Republic of Korea Total imports China Source: TDM GLOBEFISH Highlights April

62 USA Imports Crab Top three origins Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Canada Indonesia Total imports Source: U.S Census Bureau In the Arctic, the EU28 and Norway are fighting for control over the crab resource. Norway claims that only Norwegian vessels can harvest the snow crab resource in the Svalbard Fisheries Protection Zone, while the EU28 insist that all signatories to the 192 Svalbard Treaty have a right to exploit this resource. The matter may end up in the international court in The Hague. International trade The global trade of crab increased by about percent in 217 compared to 216. Imports to the United States of America, China, and the Republic of Korea, were relatively stable, while Japanese imports declined by 16.8 percent. US imports of crab increased marginally by 1.7 percent to 19 4 tonnes in 217. The main suppliers to the United States of America were Canada (4.7 percent), the Russian Federation (17.7 percent) and Indonesia (11.7 percent). China Exports Crab Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Republic of Korea Unitd States of America Total exports Source: China Customs Taiwan Province of China Chinese crab exports were stable in 217, only.6 percent above 216 shipments. Total exports amounted to 75 tonnes. The main markets were the Republic of Korea (31 percent of the total), Taiwan Province of China (19 percent) and the United States of America (14 percent). The Russian Federation increased its crab exports to 63 7 tonnes in 217, 22.3 percent more than in 216. Main markets were the Republic of Korea (65.7 percent of the total), the Netherlands (19.4 percent) and China (9.6 percent). European crab imports declined somewhat in 217 compared to 216. In the largest European importing country (France), imports declined by over 1 percent. Russian Federation Exports Crab Top three destinations Unit: 1 tonnes, January-December Rupublic of Korea China Total exports Netherlands Prices Crab: USA, Japan USD/lb oz/pc oz/pc Source: Federal Customs Service of Russia Claw and sections, red, EXW New York Source: INFOFISH Trade News 62 GLOBEFISH Highlights April 218

63 Prices The US market for king crab has been stagnant recently. The price difference between red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) and the Russian Federation golden king crab (Lithodes aequispinus) has increased. The price difference was approximately USD.5 per lb, but in January 218, the gap widened to almost USD 3. per lb. As golden king crab has been less expensive, demand for this species has increased on the US market. In contrast, the expected tighter supplies of snow crab in 218 are likely to stimulate snow crab prices to continue to rise through the year. Outlook Snow crab quotas were reduced for 218, except in the Russian Federation. However, the total estimated supplies will probably fall by 1 percent and this will have an effect on prices. King crab prices are also expected to rise. Total imports are likely to stagnate because of availability, but demand is growing in major markets like China and to some extent the United States of America. Some product may also be imported to China through South East Asian countries like Thailand and Taiwan Province of China. GLOBEFISH Highlights April FAO/Silvio Alejandro Catalano

64 FOOD SAFETY ISSUES Globefish highlights Detentions and Rejections of shrimp and prawns in Canada, the European Union (Member Organization), Japan and the United States of America FAO/T. Rahimzadeh According to FAO, the main importing countries of shrimp by value and volume in 215 were the United States of America, Japan and Spain. The major producing countries were China, Indonesia and India. In this analysis we describe the border rejections of shrimp in the four United Nations members where data is available, i.e. Canada, the European Union (Member Organization), Japan and the United States of America. Rejections are categorized by chemical, microbiological and other risk categories. In addition, general causes such as packaging issues, allergens, improper health certificate, poor temperature control, labelling issues, will be described. Canada Shrimp detentions and rejections in Canada amounted to 129 in 217, representing 1 percent of the total rejections of fish and fishery products at the border. The main causes of rejections and detentions of shrimp in the Canadian market in 217 were labelling issues accounting for 7 percent of shrimp rejections, followed by chemical causes. Other rejections were due to the lack of net weight determination, inappropriate water activity and food information regulation requirements. Under the chemical category the main rejections were due to the presence of non-permitted additives, followed by nitrofuran, tetracyclines and other residues of veterinary drugs. 21 Shrimp rejected at Canadian borders in 217 by causes (number of cases) Others Source: Canadian Food Inspection Agency Chemical 113 Shrimp rejected at the Canadian borders in 217 by hazards 94 Labelling Non permitted additives Food information regulation requirements Tetracyclines Fluoroquinolones Net weight determination Water activity Nitrofurans Sensory evaluation Container integrity GLOBEFISH Highlights January 218 number cases

65 European Union Shrimp detentions and rejections in the EU28 totalled 47 in 217, representing 13 percent of the total rejections of fish and fishery products at the border. The main reasons for shrimp border rejections in 217 were chemical causes, followed by other causes, and microbiological causes. The main chemicals detected were residues from veterinary drugs, such as nitrofuran, sulphite and chloramphenicol. They were followed by cadmium above the maximum limit. Among other causes, the main problems were related to poor temperature control and allergens. The microbiological detentions were due to bacteria such as Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolitycus with one case each. 3 7 Shrimp rejected at EU28 borders in 217 by causes (number of cases) Chemical Others Source: Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed Microbiological 37 Shrimp rejected at the EU borders in 217 by hazards Nitrofuran Sulphite Cadmium Poor temperature control Chloramphenicol Allergens Salmonella Vibrio cholerae Vibrio parahaemolyticus number cases Japan Shrimp detentions and rejections in Japan amounted to 35 in 217, representing 24 percent of the total rejections of fish and fishery products at the border. The majority of rejections in the analysed shrimp were due to chemical hazards, followed by microbiological causes. The main chemical problem recorded was the presence of antimicrobials, such as furazolidone, enrofloxacine and sulfadiazine, in a total of 19 border rejections. Additives such as polysorbate 8 and SO2 were present in one case each. The main microbiological problems were due to Escherichia coli (six cases), Coliform (five cases) and live bacteria (three cases). Shrimp rejected at the Japanese borders in 217 by causes (number of cases) 14 Microbiological Source: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare Chemical 21 Shrimp rejected at the Japanese borders in 217 by hazards Furazolidone Enrofloxacine Escherichia coli Coliform Live bacteria Sulfadiazine Polysorbate 8 SO number cases GLOBEFISH Highlights January

66 United States of America Shrimp detentions and rejections in US borders totalized 141 in 217, representing 9 percent of the total rejections of fish and fishery products at the border. Shrimp rejected at US borders in 217 by causes (number of cases) Others Chemical Microbiological The majority of rejections were due to other causes, followed by chemical causes and microbiological causes. Within the category of other causes, the leading specific cause was filthy in 41 cases, followed by misbranding (five cases) and adulteration (three cases). Filthy represents 3 percent of shrimp detentions in US borders in 217. Salmonella was the only microbiological hazard in 4 cases. The main chemical cause was residues of veterinary drugs, followed by chloramphenicol, unauthorized additives and nitrofurans. Source: Food and Drug Administration Shrimp rejected at the US borders in 217 by hazards Filthy Salmonella Vet drugs Chloramphenicol Additives Misbranding Nitrofuran Adulteration number cases References: For further information you can visit the following website: Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 66 GLOBEFISH Highlights January 218

67 EVENTS Globefish highlights 218 Global Fishery Forum and Seafood Expo After the first successful experience in 217, the Global Fishery Forum and Seafood Expo will reopen in St. Petersburg, the Russian Federation s port city on the Baltic Sea. EUROFISH From 13 to 15 September 218 the city of St. Petersburg will host the second edition of the Global Fishery Forum and Seafood Expo. The event aims to create a common platform where fisheries companies, traders, packaging manufactures, research centres, and retailers can discuss the status and the latest developments of the seafood industry and potential future progresses. During the first edition, more than 5 people visited the 161 stands of exhibiting companies, while 8 speakers, 19 foreign delegations and 1 6 participants from different countries worldwide attended the Forum. This year, the number of participating companies will be doubled, and there will be a special place for joint national stands of organizations from Norway, Denmark, China and other countries. Members of the FAO GLOBEFISH team will be participating in the Seafood Expo with a dedicated booth for the first time, intending to meet countries, organizations, traders, industries and all fisheries stakeholders and to share points of view on how to contribute together to a sustainable development for this important sector. The Forum will also provide an opportunity to discuss seafood trade as an essential element in national and global economies. Fish and fishery products are, in fact, among the most traded products in the world and 217 has seen a significant increase to trade values worldwide. More information on the Global Fishery Forum and Seafood Expo can be found at rusfishexpo.com THE EUROFISH BUSINESS PLATFORM AT THE GLOBAL FISHERY FORUM AND SEAFOOD EXPO IN ST. PETERSBURG The Global Fishery Forum and Seafood Expo will be held on September 218 at the ECC EXPOFORUM. The International Organisation for the Development of Fisheries and Aquaculture in Europe (EUROFISH) will participate at the event with a Business Platform, a concept created for the benefit of EUROFISH member countries. The Business Platform hosts associations and SMEs, helping them to participate at international trade shows, to exhibit and promote their products and services, to communicate with visitors and other exhibitors, and to hold meetings with existing and potential business partners. In St. Petersburg, the Business Platform will host a delegation of officials and traders from the Turkish fisheries and aquaculture sector, interested in exploring the seafood market of the Russian Federation and in introducing their products and services to Russian Federation processors, fish farmers and distributors. For more information, please visit or contact Ms. Aleksandra Petersen at aleksandra.petersen@eurofish.dk GLOBEFISH Highlights April

68 FISH AND FISHERY PRODUCTS STATISTICS¹ Capture fisheries production Aquaculture fisheries production Exports Imports estim. estim. estim. estim. ASIA China of which China, Hong Kong SAR & Taiwan Province of China India Indonesia Japan Korea, Rep. of Philippines Thailand Viet Nam AFRICA Egypt Morocco Namibia Nigeria Senegal South Africa CENTRAL AMERICA Mexico Panama SOUTH AMERICA Argentina Brazil Chile Ecuador Peru NORTH AMERICA Canada United States of America EUROPE European Union of which Extra-EU " " " " Iceland Norway Russian Federation OCEANIA Australia New Zealand WORLD World excluding Intra-EU " " " " Developing countries Developed countries LIFDCs LDCS NFIDCS Production and trade data exclude whales, seals, other aquatic mammals and aquatic plants. Trade data include fish meal and fish oil. 2 Including intra-trade. Cyprus is included in Asia as well as in the European Union. 3 For capture fisheries production, the aggregate also includes 39 6 tonnes in 215 and tonnes in 216 of not identified countries; data not included in any other aggregates. totals may not match due to rounding photo FAO/Giulio Napolitano Million tonnes(live weight equivalent) USD billion

69 WORLD MAIN SQUID AND CUTTLEFISH IMPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 China % Spain % Japan % Italy % Thailand % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 Spain % Japan % Italy % China % Republic of Korea % % Total % photo: FAO/Alessia Pierdomenico WORLD MAIN SQUID AND CUTTLEFISH EXPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 China % Peru % India % Spain % Indonesia % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 China % India % Spain % Peru % Thailand % % Total % Note:Viet Nam and Bangladesh data are not reported Source: TDM GLOBEFISH Highlights October

70 WORLD MAIN OCTOPUS IMPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 Republic of Korea % Japan % Italy % Spain % United States of America % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 Spain % Republic of Korea % Japan % Italy % United States of America % % Total % photo: FAO/GLOBEFISH 7 GLOBEFISH Highlights October 216 WORLD MAIN OCTOPUS EXPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 China % Morocco % Spain % Indonesia % India % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 China % Morocco % Spain % Portugal % Indonesia % % Total % Note: Viet Nam and Bangladesh data are not reported Source: TDM

71 WORLD MAIN TILAPIA IMPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 United States of America % Mexico % Côte d'ivoire % Zambia % Islamic Republic of Iran % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 United States of America % Mexico % Islamic Republic of Iran % Israel % Côte d'ivoire % % Total % photo: yodaswaj/fotolia WORLD MAIN TILAPIA EXPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 China % Taiwan Province of China % Indonesia % Honduras % Netherlands % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 China % Indonesia % Taiwan % Honduras % Colombia % % Total % Note: Viet Nam and Bangladesh data are not reported Source: TDM GLOBEFISH Highlights October

72 WORLD MAIN CATFISH IMPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 United States of America % Mexico % China % Brazil % Thailand % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 United States of America % Mexico % Spain % Brazil % Netherlands % % Total % photo: FAO Aquaculture photo library / J. Aguillar 72 GLOBEFISH Highlights October 216 WORLD MAIN CATFISH EXPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 Viet Nam % China % Netherlands % Indonesia % Belgium % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 Viet Nam % China % Netherlands % Belgium % Germany % % Total % Source: TDM

73 WORLD MAIN SALMON IMPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 Sweden % United States of America % China % Japan % Denmark % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 United States of America % Sweden % Germany % Japan % Denmark % % Total % photo: FAO/GLOBEFISH WORLD MAIN SALMON EXPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 Norway % Chile % Sweden % United States of America % Denmark % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 Norway % Chile % Sweden % Denmark % Poland % % Total % Note: Viet Nam and Bangladesh data are not reported Source: TDM GLOBEFISH Highlights October

74 WORLD MAIN FISH MEAL IMPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 China % Norway % Japan % Taiwan Province of China % Turkey % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 China % Norway % Japan % Taiwan Province of China % Turkey % % Total % photo: FAO/GLOBEFISH 74 GLOBEFISH Highlights October 216 WORLD MAIN FISH MEAL EXPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 Peru % Denmark % Chile % United States of America % Morocco % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 Peru % Denmark % Chile % United States of America % Iceland % % Total % Note: Viet Nam and Bangladesh data are not reported Source: TDM

75 WORLD MAIN FISH OIL IMPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 Norway % Denmark % Chile % China % Canada % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 Norway % China % Denmark % Canada % United States of America % % Total % photo: naturalpastels on Pixabay WORLD MAIN FISH OIL EXPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 Peru % Denmark % Norway % Chile % United States of America % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 Peru % Denmark % United States of America % China % Norway % % Total % Note: Viet Nam and Bangladesh data are not reported Source: TDM GLOBEFISH Highlights October

76 WORLD MAIN LOBSTER IMPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 United States of America % Canada % China % France % China, Hong Kong SAR % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 United States of America % China % Canada % France % China, Hong Kong SAR % % Total % photo: FAO/Vasily Maksimov 76 GLOBEFISH Highlights October 216 WORLD MAIN LOBSTER EXPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 Canada % United States of America % United Kingdom % Australia % Belgium % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 Canada % United States % Australia % New Zealand % United Kingdom % % Total % Note: Viet Nam and Bangladesh data are not reported Source: TDM

77 WORLD MAIN CRAB IMPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 United States of America % China % Republic of Korea % Japan % Thailand % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 United States of America % Japan % China % Republic of Korea % China, Hong Kong SAR % % Total % photo: Johan Wildhagen/Norwegian Seafoood Council WORLD MAIN CRAB EXPORTERS By quantity (1 tonnes) (1 tonnes) Change: 217 over 216 China % Canada % Russian Federation % Indonesia % United States of America % % Total % By value (million USD) (1 million USD) Change: 217 over 216 China % Canada % Russian Federation % Indonesia % United States of America % % Total % Note: Viet Nam and Bangladesh data are not reported Source: TDM GLOBEFISH Highlights October

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80 For more information please contact: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GLOBEFISH, FIAM Fisheries and Aquaculture Policy and Resources Division Products, Trade and Marketing Branch Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 153 Rome - Italy (+39) globefish@fao.org ISBN BU674EN/1/6.18