History and Development of Surveying and Measurement in Malaysia. SrDr. Azharibin MOHAMED Sr Mohammad Zaki bin MOHD GHAZALI

Transcription

1 History and Development of Surveying and Measurement in Malaysia SrDr. Azharibin MOHAMED Sr Mohammad Zaki bin MOHD GHAZALI Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia Commission: IIHSM Scan Through History of surveying and measurements Highlight important events State of the positioning framework History of Department of Survey & Mapping Malaysia - JUPEM 1

2 Administration Geography Effective British control Anglo-Dutch Treaty - "British Malaya" 1824 Straits Settlements - Crown Colony 1867 Era coincide with development in survey works 5 entities: SS, FMS, UFMS, NB and Sarawak Federated Malay States - British Protectora te 1896 Anglo-Dutch Convention BNB/DEI 1891 Large scale tin and rubber North Borneo & Sarawak - British Protectorate 1888 Incorporation of BNB Company 1881 Anglo-Siamese Treaty. Northern Malaya - British Protectorate 1909 Involvement into administration, leases, supply chain 2

3 Ancient East West Trade Route Ibn Battuta Voyages 3

4 Voyages of Zheng He

5 Early European Voyages Geopolitical 5

6 Geopolitical Colonial Spheres of Influence 6

7 Kingdoms, Conquest, Independence and Federation Pre-1500s Malay Kingdoms (Malacca, Brunei etc) Chinese Arabs traders Portuguese Malacca Dutch Malacca (1786) Lease of Penang to Francis Light 1824 British sphere of influence British Malaya British Borneo 1957 Malaya Independence 1963 Federation of Malaysia Spheres of Influence 7

8 British Malaya-British Borneo Effective British control Anglo-Dutch Treaty - "British Malaya" 1824 Straits Settlements - Crown Colony 1867 Era coincide with development in survey works 5 entities: SS, FMS, UFMS, NB and Sarawak Federated Malay States - British Protectora te 1896 Anglo-Dutch Convention BNB/DEI 1891 Large scale tin and rubber North Borneo & Sarawak - British Protectorate 1888 Incorporation of BNB Company 1881 Anglo-Siamese Treaty. Northern Malaya - British Protectorate 1909 Involvement into administration, leases, supply chain British Malaya 8

9 Hugh Low & Mt Kinabalu Developments Around the Region Principal Triangulation of GB -1 /3PPM! 1853 Trig Surveys in Australia Localised (expertise) Torrens System in SA - Simplicity 1858 introduced in Malaya in 1900s Great Trig Survey of India -Survey science+ Malaysia 1/10 of India!

10 19 th Century Survey Activities The Straits Settlements Trig Survey of Malacca - Major MacCallum 1886 Trig Survey of Balik Pulau, Penang - Laceron & Peters 1890 Maps of Penang -F W Kelly Plane table survey of Malacca - Quinton 1858 Survey of Malacca -Major MacCallum th Century Surveying Activities Johor and British Borneo Kudat, 1 st capital of BNB 1st Cadastral Plan in North Borneo " chain scale map of Kurau and Krian of Perak by H L Pemberton st Cadastral Plan in Gunong Pulai, Johor st Sarawak Land Regulation 1863 State of Johor Map by Mohamed Salleh Prang

11 First North Borneo Certified Plan 1883 First North Borneo Registered Land Title

12 Johore Survey Dept. - Yahaya Awal-ed-din CS 1885 JUPEM The Early Years Trig. Survey Dept. Perak - G A Lefroy (orig. PWD) 1887 Responsible for trig surveys in FMS Revenue Survey Depart. of Perak -J P Harper 1887 Pahang Survey Dept Selangor Survey Dept NegeriSembilan Survey Dept Indie Surveyor Office of Batu Gajah, Perak -C A Baker 1899 Kedah & Kelantan Survey Depts (secondments) 1910 Perlis under Kedah Survey Dept Kelantan joins FMS Survey Dept Terengganu joins FMS Survey Dept Trig. Survey Dept of FMS (fmr. Perak) 1902 FMS Survey Dept - Surveyor General 1909 Penang, Malacca & Singapore Survey Depts joins FMS Survey Dept JUPEM The Post War Period Sabah Topo. Section 1983 DSMM of FT Labuan 1984 Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia - TS Mohd Yatim Yahaya as SG 1963 DSMM of FT Kuala Lumpur 1979 Sarawak Topo. Section 1989 DSMM Perlis WWII disruption 1942 Assistance by Directorate of Colonial Surveys (RSO) 1947 Directorate of National Mapping Malaysia under DSMM

13 19 th & 20 th Century Trig. Surveys Trig. Survey of Penang - Lieutenant Woore 1832 Trig. Survey of Perak -4.6 mile Larut baseline -H G Deanne 1885 Trig Surveys of Selangor and Negeri Sembilan 1901 Amalgamation, strengthening old nets Malayan Revised Triangulation Trig Survey of Penang and Province Wellesley Mac Dougal, Peters & Greene 1832 Trig. Survey of Malacca Repsold (Primary) Triangulation of Malaya Malayan Revised Triangulation framework for cadastral & topo mapping -77 geodetic stns

14 20 th Century Trig. Surveys British Borneo Sarawak Primary Triangulation DOS readjustment of Borneo Primary Triangulation - BT DOS readjusttment BT stations Borneo West Coast Triangulation Borneo West Coast Triangulation Borneo East Coast Triangulation Trigonometric Survey Sabah

15 British STRE in Washington SMARTER RE SOLDIER 15

16 Satellite-based Positioning Framework PMGSN Stns 1994 MASS -18 tracking Stns ( GDM2000) 1998 cm level Real-time Kinematic GNSS - MyRTKNet -78 Ref Stns EMGSN Stns 1997 GDM2000 launched 2003 Sumatran quakes. 1-25cm CCW GDM2000 (2009) Aceh Quake and Tsunami 16

17 ~1:50K Topographic Map Series Sabah & Sarawak Non-Restricted Versions 1995 RSO Introduction 1947 T T Computerisation 1988 GDM2000 Introduction 2003 MY MY L7010 /1950 L MY MY L Peninsular 17

18 AMS Index US Army Series 18

19 Sappers Geonaming Dilemma 19

20 20

21 Brown, Blue and Black Ticks and Grid 21

22 Early Map Production Branch Other Prints Currency Notes Bonds Stamps Declaration of Independence Tin Stock Certificates Conclusion Brief tour of history Colonial, post-war, and modern efforts Great difficulties encountered, but served the purpose, relevant 130 years of serving the country Excellent pictorial historical compilation book More emphasis of historical documentation State-of-the-art positioning and mapping solutions Integration with height component for real-time precision 3D positioning New products and services Improvement of services as we head for 2020 Enhancing The Relevance 22

23 Thank you for your attention and have a good trip back home! Sr Dr. Azhari bin MOHAMED azhari@jupem.gov.my Sr Mohammad Zaki bin MOHD GHAZALI zakighazali@jupem.gov.my Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia 23