Development of autonomous energy supply system using a sail type wind turbine

Transcription

1 International Conference on Energy, Environment, Development and Economics, Santorini, Greece, July 17-19, 2014 Development of autonomous energy supply system using a sail type wind turbine A.Jakovics, S. Sakipova, K. Kussaiynov, Zh. Kambarova, Ye. Kussaiynov ESF project realized by University of Latvia, Riga, No. 2013/0027/1DP/ /13/APIA/VIAA/007

2 Geo PS 2% Hydro ES 6% Bio HS 12% Wind PS 52% Solar PhES 28% Fig. 1. Renawble energy resources in world.

3 Fig. 2. Wind map of Latvia, 2009, [4].

4 Fig. 3. Wind map of Latvia, 2013, [8].

5 Fig. 4. Example of on-line data on wind speed. Latvian Center for Environment, Geology and Meteorology at the station near the international airport of Riga.

6 6 V (m/s) V av =1,13 m/s t, min Fig.5. Diagram of every minute change of wind speed during a day, Botanical Garden of the University of Latvia, Riga

7 4 3,5 V (m/s) 3 2,5 2 1,5 V av =1,68m/s 1 0,5 0 The days Fig. 6. Diagram of daily change of wind speed in January 2013, Riga, Botanical Garden of the University of Latvia

8 Fig. 7. Wind map of Kazakhstan, 2009, [4].

9 Fig.8. The monthly change in the average wind speed in Karaganda, 2013.

10 The problem: Usually wind turbines do not work efficiently at low wind, i.e. at wind speed less than (3-5) m/s. We considered the possibilities of creation device to convert wind energy at low speed for solution the problem of creating autonomous power supply system according to climatic conditions. Novelty of this work is that it is oriented to small buildings and farm houses, distant from the line of centralized electricity networks.

11 Fig. 9. The model of a sail type wind turbine. The diameter of sail wheel is 400 mm

12 Fig.10. The aero-dynamical tunnel Т-1-М, E.A.Buketov KSU, Karaganda airflow speeds are (3 25) m/s; airflow turbulence level is 3%

13 Main characteristics of the working part of the wind tunnel are follows: - the diameter is 500 mm; - the length is 800 mm; Rotational speed of the sail type wind turbine model is (50-100) rev/min Fig.11. The model of a sail type wind turbine in the test working section, Karaganda Measurement errors of airflow speed in the test section - 3-5%.

14 C x 2Fx u S 2 C M 2M u S l 2 Re u L where F x is the drag force, М is the thrust moment, ρ, are the air density and viscosity, u is the flow rate, S is the characteristic area of midship section, l is the length of the lever arm, L is the characteristic size of the wind turbine model. a) b) Fig. 12. The dependence of the drag coefficient of the wind turbine model : a - on the Reynolds number; b - on the dimensionless angle of attack.

15 a) b) c) Fig. 15. Scheme of sail type wind turbine with dynamically changeable surface shape of the blades reaction at different air flow directions: a main view; b - in the forward direction; c in the opposite direction.

16 1,6 1,4 C M 0 deg. 1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 30 deg. 45 deg. 60 deg. 75 deg. 0,0 Re* Fig.13. Dependences of traction force coefficient of the wind turbine model on Reynolds number at various angles of attack of wind flow

17 2 1,8 1,6 1,4 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 C M прямое in the forward direction in the opposite direction противополож Re* Fig. 14. Dependence of the traction force coefficient of the wind turbine model on Reynolds number at different flow directions.

18 Side view Front view Fig. 16. Scheme of sail type wind turbine: 1- wind turbine shaft; 2 support rods wind wheel; 3 binder support rods; 4 disk of wind turbine rotation; 5 bearing; 6 turbine frame rods; 7 a pulley; 8 wind turbine blades; 9 support rods.

19 Fig. 17. The native testing of sail type wind turbine model with diameter 1.6 m.

20 Fig. 18. Dependences of traction force coefficient of the wind turbine models with different diameter of wheel on Reynolds number. Angles of attack is zero.

21 CONCLUSION A model of a sail type wind turbine with dynamically changeable surface shape of the blades was developed. This model effectively works at low wind speeds. Due to the self-regulated surface shape of blades a sail type wind turbine can efficiently convert of airflow energy even when the direction of airflow is reversed. The dependencies of the drag force and traction force at various speeds and directions of airflow were obtained. The results obtained will be used for engineering calculations in the development of sail type WDPP, operating at low wind and generating a given amount of electricity.

22 Thank you for attention!