XLIV: "Safeguard the prayers; especially the middle prayer." (2:238)

Transcription

1 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم ك ت اب ت ف س ري ال ق ر آن ب اب } ح اف ظ وا ع لى ال صل و ات و ال صلا ة ال و س ط ى { XLIV: "Safeguard the prayers; especially the middle prayer." (2:238) حديث: ح دث ن ا ع ب د الل ه ب ن م ح مد ح دث ن ا ي ز يد أ خ بر ن ا ه ش ام ع ن م ح مد ع ن ع ب يد ة ع ن ع لي ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه ق ال ال نب ي ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ح و ح دث ن ي ع ب د ال رح م ن ح دث ن ا ي ح ي ى ب ن س ع يد ق ال ح دث ن ا ه ش ام ق ال ح دث ن ا م ح مد ع ن ع ب يد ة ع ن ع لي ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه أ ن ال نب ي ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ق ال ي و م ال خ ن د ق ح ب س ون ا ع ن ص لا ة ال و س ط ى ح تى غ اب ت ال شم س م لا الل ه ق ب ور ه م و ب ي وت ه م أ و أ ج و اف ه م ش ك ي ح ي ى ن ار ا (ﷺ) (through two chains): On the day of Khandaq (the battle of the Trench). the Prophet ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه Narrated `Ali said, "They (i.e. pagans) prevented us from offering the middle (the Best) Prayer till the sun had set. May Allah fill their graves, their houses (or their bodies) with fire. - This Salah was so important to the Prophet (s) - In the Qur an Allah (swt) especially commands us to guard the middle prayer - The Prophet (s) did not make dua against people in general, and if he did so at this time it shows how serious it is to miss prayers - Salatul Asr is at a time when the angels come: ع ن أ يب ه ر ي ر ة أ ن ر س ول الل ه ﷺ ق ال ي ت ع اق ب ون ف يك م م لا ي ك ة ب الل ي ل و م لا ي ك ة ب ال نه ار و ي ج ت م ع ون في ص لا ة ال ف ج ر و ص لا ة ال ع صر ث م ي ع ر ج ال ذ ين ب ات وا ف يك م ف ي س ا ل ه م و ه و أ ع ل م ب ه م ك ي ف ت ر ك ت م ع ب اد ي ف ي ق ول ون ت ر ك ن اه م و ه م ي ص ل ون و أ ت ي ن اه م و ه م ي ص ل ون [صحیح البخاری: 555 ] Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Angels come to you in succession by night and day and all of them get together at the time of the Fajr and `Asr prayers. Those who have passed the night with you (or stayed with you) ascend (to the Heaven) and Allah asks them, though He knows everything about you, well, "In what state did you leave my slaves?" The angels reply: "When we left them they were praying and when we reached them, they were praying. - So the time of Fajr and the time of Asr are both very important - This prayer was more important to the Sahabah than their children and their forefathers, and this was well known to their enemy also. Once the Prophet (s) camped with his companions near Dajanaan and Usfaan, so the mushrikin said, there is a prayer that is more beloved to them their forefathers and their children and that is Asr, so collectively attack them at the time so Allah revealed the fear prayer: عن أ بی ه ر ي ر ة أ ن ر س ول الل ه ﷺ ن ز ل ب ني ض ج ن ان و ع س ف ان ف ق ال ال م شر ك ون إ ن ل ه و لا ء ص لا ة ه ي أ ح ب إ ل ي ه م م ن آب اي ه م و أ ب ن اي ه م و ه ي ال ع صر ف ا ج م ع وا أ م ر ك م ف م يل وا ع ل ي ه م م ي ل ة و اح د ة و إ ن ج بر يل ع ل ي ه ال س لا م أ ىت ال نب ي ﷺ ف ا م ر ه أ ن ي ق س م أ ص ح اب ه ش ط ر ي ن ف ي ص لي ب ب ع ض ه م و ت ق وم الط اي ف ة الا خ ر ى و ر اء ه م و ل ي ا خ ذ وا ح ذ ر ه م و أ س ل ح ت ه م ث م ت ا يت الا خ ر ى ف ي ص ل ون م ع ه [مسند احمد: ] أ ن ر س ول الل ه ﷺ ق ال م ن ص لى ال بر د ي ن د خ ل ال ج نة [صحیح البخاری: 574 ] Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever prays the two cool prayers (`Asr and Fajr) will go to Paradise.' ل ن ي ل ج ال نار أ ح د ص لى ق ب ل ط ل وع ال شم س و ق ب ل غ ر وب ه ا ي ع ن ى ال ف ج ر و ال ع صر.[صحیح مسلم: 1468] The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: He who observes prayer before the rising of the sun and its setting, i.e. the dawn prayer and the afternoon prayer, would not enter the (Hell) fire. - These prayers are a means of protection against the Kire - These prayers a re a means of seeing Allah in the hereafter: ع ن ج ر ير ق ال ك نا ج ل وس ا ع ن د ال نب ي ﷺ إ ذ ن ظ ر إ لى ال ق م ر ل ي ل ة ال ب د ر ق ال إ ن ك م س تر و ن ر ب ك م ك ام ت ر و ن ه ذ ا ال ق م ر لا ت ض ام ون في ر ؤ ي ت ه ف ا ن اس ت ط ع ت م أ ن لا ت غ ل ب وا ع لى ص لا ة ق ب ل ط ل وع ال شم س و ص لا ة ق ب ل غ ر وب ال شم س ف اف ع ل وا [صحیح البخاری: 7434 ] Narrated Jarir: We were sitting with the Prophet (ﷺ) and he looked at the moon on the night of the full-moon and said, "You people will see your Lord as you see this full moon, and you will have no trouble in seeing Him, so if you can

2 avoid missing (through sleep or business, etc.) a prayer before sunrise (Fajr) and a prayer before sunset (`Asr) you must do so." - Leaving the Asr prayer is a means of the destruction of ones deeds: إ ن ال نب ي ﷺ ق ال م ن ت ر ك ص لا ة ال ع صر ح ب ط ع م ل ه [صحيح البخاری: 594] The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'Whoever leaves the `Asr prayer will have all his (good) deeds annulled. - How is the Asr prayer related to your deeds? - This time is the end of the day, a time when a person is busy - what could be the reason? - In the Qur an we are taught to especially guard these prayers this is time when the angels attend عن أيب الدرداء رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من ترك صلاة العصر متعمدا فقد حبط عمله[صحيح الترغيب والترهيب: [479 The Prophet (s) said, whoever leaves Salatul asr delieberately, then his deeds are wasted ع ن ع ب د الل ه ب ن ع م ر أ ن ر س ول الل ه ﷺ ق ال ال ذ ي ت ف وت ه ص لا ة ال ع صر ك ا من ا و ت ر أ ه ل ه و م ال ه [صحیح البخاري: 552] Narrated Abdullah bin `Umar: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Whoever misses the `Asr prayer (intentionally) then it is as if he lost his family and property. - The hypocrite delays this prayer: ألا أخبركم بصلاة المنافق أن يو خر العصر حتى إذا كانت الشمس كرثب البقرة صلاها [السلسلة الصحيحة: 1745 ] He delays it until the very end The previous nations also wasted this prayer: ع ن أ ىب ب صر ة ال غ ف ار ى ق ال ص لى ب ن ا ر س ول الل ه صلى الله عليه وسلم ال ع صر ب ال م خ مص ف ق ال إ ن ه ذ ه ال صلا ة ع ر ض ت ع لى م ن ك ان ق ب ل ك م ف ض يع وه ا ف م ن ح اف ظ ع ل ي ه ا ك ان ل ه أ ج ر ه م رت ني [صحیح مسلم: 1964 ] Abu Basra Ghifari reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) led us in the 'Asr prayer at (the place known as) Mukhammas, and then said: This prayer was presented to those gone before you, but they lost it, and he who guards it has two rewards in store for him. - When do you get off from your classes? 3. 15, and Asr time begins at 2.30, and for your convenience Salatul Asr is set in the masjid at a time when it is convenient for you to pray. And if you leave without praying, then when will you pray Asr? Not at its earliest or middle time even if you pray right at the end close to sunset, how will you pray? what kind of prayer will that be? - You guard your prayers, Allahs commands, and Allah will guard and protect you of the matters Allah has commanded us to guard is prayer: all prayers.. surah Baqarah, surah Muminoon - So if we font guard the prayers, their timings, then what kind of protection do we expect from Allah? to preserve our families, homes, children, our Iman - If we dont fulkill our obligation, we are putting ourselves in danger and this is not just in dunya.. the matter of the hereafter is far more serious - The one who guards this prayer will get double reward - because everyone is in a rush everyone wants to get home but if you get home 10 minutes late, whats the big deal? - If those few minutes are very important, then pray a little before 3.15

3 - Ustadhah is saying, she doesn t believe that anyones house is so near that they leave alhuda and then drive home, and the sun is not close to setting - if it happens one in a while, that is different, but making this a daily routine this is not acceptable - The one who leaves asr deliberately: its as if he does not care leaving the prayer deliberately is a major sin.. Allah does not care about the rest of this persons deeds either - IF someone loses their home and family: we pity them - So the one who cares about this deeds, he will care about his prayers, he will care about asr prayer - and the one who is casual about his deeds, his tongue.. then he will have a similar attitude towards his salah - so we should really check ourselves. - This prayer is like a mirror, it allows us to check our level in deen: if our prayer is good, the rest will be good and if the prayer is not good, then the rest is also not good - So are we really concerned about praying asr on time? If we are praying asr at 4, what are we doing? - so even if we have to compromise on our class time we have to, we have to pray on time - In the weekend class, Ustadhah prays Dhuhr as soon as the time enters - In the future also, make this a rule for all classes as the time for - Perhaps the reason behind the lack of peace in our families is our neglectful attitude towards our prayers any one that approaches you about problems in their family then ask them, do you guard your prayers? - If we ignore the salah and do as we please then this will impact the rest of our life also - The sahabah loved this salah more than their children and parents so if at this time of day you are able to guard your prayer, make time for it, then this is excellent ب اب } و ق وم وا ل ل ه ق ان ت ني { أ ي م ط يع ني XLV: "Stand in obedience to Allah" (2:238) meaning, mutee een (ones who are obedient) حديث: ح دث ن ا م س دد ح دث ن ا ي ح ي ى ع ن إ س ام ع يل ب ن أ يب خ ال د ع ن ال ح ار ث ب ن ش ب ي ل ع ن أ يب ع م ر و ال شي ب اين ع ن ز ي د ب ن أ ر ق م ق ال ك نا ن ت ك ل م في ال صلا ة ي ك ل م أ ح د ن ا أ خ اه في ح اج ت ه ح تى ن ز ل ت ه ذ ه الا ي ة {ح اف ظ وا ع لى ال صل و ات و ال صلا ة ال و س ط ى و ق وم وا ل ل ه ق ان ت ني { ف ا م ر ن ا ب ال سك وت Narrated Zaid bin Arqam: We used to speak while in prayer. One of us used to speak to his brother (while in prayer) about his need, till the Verse was revealed:-- "Guard strictly the (five obligatory) prayers, especially the middle (the Best) (`Asr) Prayer and stand before Allah with obedience (and not to speak to others during the prayers)." Then we were ordered not to speak in the prayers. - Everyone, either look at your book, or the screen, there is nothing written to your right or left - so listen with your ears and look at the right thing with your eyes, so you fully gain something from this session

4 - Speak in Salah: for example, if they remembered something they would say it, to the person next to them, like sometimes during class while the lecture is still going on, we speak to the person next to us - so after this ayah was revealed, they observed silence in prayer. - qaaniteen means saakiteen, silently, meaning without talking to people. or it means mutee een: obedient. - Qunoot is related to the length of qiyam: - Sukoot (silently), khushoo (with humility), length (long qiyam) and lowering of the gaze (not looking here and there, it is something agreed upon, there is no ikhtilaf over this matter: we have to look at the place of sajdah only in salah.. not here and there) ب اب ق و ل ه ع ز و ج ل } ف ا ن خ ف ت م ف ر ج الا أ و ر ك ب ان ا ف ا ذ ا أ م ن ت م ف اذ ك ر وا الل ه ك ام ع ل م ك م م ا ل م ت ك ون وا ت ع ل م ون { Chapter: XLVI: "If you are afraid, then pray on foot or mounted. But when you are safe, remember Allah in the way He taught you when previously you did not know." (2:239) و ق ال اب ن ج ب ري } ك ر س يه { ع ل م ه Ibn Jubayr said that "His footstool (kursi)" (2:255) is His knowledge. - This is explanation of words that are coming up ahead ي ق ال } ب س ط ة { ز ي اد ة و ف ض لا It is said that "basta" (2:247) is increase and abundance. } أ ف ر غ { أ ن ز ل "Afrigh" (pour out) (2:250) is to send down. - - Both these words are in the story of Talut } و لا ي ي ود ه { لا ي ث ق ل ه آد ين أ ث ق ل ن ي و الا د و الا ي د ال ق وة "Does not tire" (2:255) is that it does not burden Him. "Adinî" means "it burdened me. "Äd" and "ayd" is strength. ال سن ة ن ع اس "Sina" (2:255) is sleep. } ي ت س نه { ي ت غ ري "It has not gone bad" (2:259) means that it has not changed over time. } ف ب ه ت { ذ ه ب ت ح جت ه "Buhita" (2:258) means his argument came to nothing. - This is in the story of Ibrahim (a) } خ او ي ة { لا أ ن يس ف يه ا "Khawiya" (2:259) means there is no human being (friend) in them (i.e., those homes were completely empty). ع ر وش ه ا أ ب ن ي ت ه ا "Its roofs" (2:259) are its structures. } ن ن شر ه ا { ن خ ر ج ه ا "How We raise them up" (2:259) is to bring them forth. } إ ع ص ار { ر يح ع اص ف ت ه ب م ن الا ر ض إ لى ال سام ء ك ع م ود ف يه ن ار "I'sâr" (2:266) is a fierce wind which blows from the earth to the sky, like a fire-bearing column. - so there is Kire in it, and it is rising upwards و ق ال اب ن ع باس } ص ل د ا { ل ي س ع ل ي ه شي ء Ibn 'Abbas said that "saldan" (2:264) is bare, with nothing on it. و ق ال ع ك ر م ة } و اب ل { م ط ر ش د يد 'Ikrima said that "wabil" (2: ) is strong rain. " الط ل ال ند ى و ه ذ ا م ث ل ع م ل ال م و م ن

5 "Tall" is dew. This is a metaphor for the actions of the believer. } ي ت س نه { ي ت غ ري "They go bad" (2:259) is to change (alter). حديث: ح دث ن ا ع ب د الل ه ب ن ي وس ف ح دث ن ا م ال ك ع ن ن اف ع أ ن ع ب د الل ه ب ن ع م ر ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه ام ك ان إ ذ ا س ي ل ع ن ص لا ة ال خ و ف ق ال Narrated Nafi`: Whenever `Abdullah bin `Umar ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه ام was asked about Salat-al-Khauf (i.e. prayer of fear) he said, ي ت ق دم الا م ام و ط اي ف ة م ن ال ناس ف ي ص لي ب ه م الا م ام ر ك ع ة و ت ك ون ط اي ف ة م ن ه م ب ي ن ه م و ب ني ال ع د و ل م ي ص ل وا "The Imam comes forward with a group of people and leads them in a one rak`a prayer while another group from them who has not prayed yet, stay between the praying group and the enemy. - So half the troops come and pray behind the Imam, while the other half stand guards ف ا ذ ا ص لى ال ذ ين م ع ه ر ك ع ة اس ت ا خ ر وا م ك ان ال ذ ين ل م ي ص ل وا و لا ي س ل م ون When those who are with the Imam have finished their one rak`a, they retreat and take the positions of those who have not prayed but they will not finish their prayers with Taslim. و ي ت ق دم ال ذ ين ل م ي ص ل وا ف ي ص ل ون م ع ه ر ك ع ة ث م ي ن صر ف الا م ام و ق د ص لى ر ك ع ت ني Those who have not prayed, come forward to offer a rak`a with the Imam (while the first group covers them from the enemy). Then the Imam, having offered two rak`at, finishes his prayer. ف ي ق وم ك ل و اح د م ن الط اي ف ت ني ف ي ص ل ون لا ن ف س ه م ر ك ع ة ب ع د أ ن ي ن صر ف الا م ام Then each member of the two groups offer the second rak`a alone after the Imam has finished his prayer. ف ي ك ون ك ل و اح د م ن الط اي ف ت ني ق د ص لى ر ك ع ت ني ف ا ن ك ان خ و ف ه و أ ش د م ن ذ ل ك ص ل و ا ر ج الا ق ي ام ا ع لى أ ق د ام ه م أ و ر ك ب ان ا م س ت ق ب لي ال ق ب ل ة أ و غ ري م س ت ق ب ل يه ا Thus each one of the two groups will have offered two rak`at. But if the fear is too great, they can pray standing on their feet or riding on their mounts, facing the Qibla or not." ق ال م ال ك ق ال ن اف ع لا أ ر ى ع ب د الل ه ب ن ع م ر ذ ك ر ذ ل ك إ لا ع ن ر س ول الل ه ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م (ﷺ) Nafi` added: I do not think that `Abdullah bin `Umar narrated this except from Allah's Messenger - meaning, he has narrated the action of the Prophet (s) - So this shows us the importance of praying in Jama ah (congregation), and prayer itself you cannot leave prayer even if there is a battle inside the house: family disputes - the best way of dissolving a dispute is to break it salah intervenes it gives a break from all the Kighting and helps people to calm down - If the adhan is pronounced, and the man has to leave the houe to go pray in jama ah, and the woman also makes wudu and prays both will calm down, perhaps their mind will change.. and may be when they do discuss later they will be calm - so the one whose prayer is correct, then inshaallah the rest of the life will also be correct - If our circumstances are difkicult, we should look at our prayer - If the situation of fear is intense, and one is not able to stop and pray like in the manner described above then a person will pray walking, riding while moving, on foot, or ones ride this is for fard and even if a person is not facing the qiblah he will pray with gestures ب اب } و ال ذ ين ي ت و فو ن م ن ك م و ي ذ ر ون أ ز و اج ا { XLVII: "Those of you who die leaving wives behind" (2:240)

6 حديث: ح دث ن ي ع ب د الل ه ب ن أ يب الا س و د ح دث ن ا ح م ي د ب ن الا س و د و ي ز يد ب ن ز ر ي ع ق الا ح دث ن ا ح ب يب ب ن ال شه يد ع ن اب ن أ يب م ل ي ك ة ق ال ق ال اب ن ال زب ري ق ل ت ل ع ث ام ن ه ذ ه الا ي ة ال ت ي في ال ب ق ر ة } و ال ذ ين ي ت و فو ن م ن ك م و ي ذ ر ون أ ز و اج ا إ لى ق و ل ه غ ري إ خ ر اج { ق د ن س خ ت ه ا الا خ ر ى ف ل م ت ك ت ب ه ا ق ال ت د ع ه ا ي ا اب ن أ خ ي لا أ غ ري ش ي ي ا م ن ه م ن م ك ان ه ق ال ح م ي د أ و ن ح و ه ذ ا Narrated Ibn Zubair: I said to `Uthman, "This Verse which is in Surat-al-Baqara: "Those of you who die and leave widows behind...without turning them out." has been abrogated by another Verse. Why then do you write it (in the Qur'an)?" `Uthman said. "Leave it (where it is), O son of my brother, for I will not shift anything of it (i.e. the Qur'an) from its original position. - This verse states that the iddah is one year, but this was the initial command, later abrogated by the verse that states 4 months and 10 days (and the verse of inheritance), then he wondered why is it still there in the Quran? - Uthman said it was still part of Quran even though it was abrogated ب اب } و إ ذ ق ال إ ب ر اه يم ر ب أ ر ين ك ي ف ت ح ي ي ال م و ىت { } ف صر ه ن { ق ط ع ه ن XLVIII: "When Ibrahim said, 'My Lord, show me how You bring the dead to life.'" (2:260) "Fa-surhunna" (2:260) is to cut them. حديث: ح دث ن ا أ ح م د ب ن ص ال ح ح دث ن ا اب ن و ه ب أ خ بر ين ي ون س ع ن اب ن ش ه اب ع ن أ يب س ل م ة و س ع يد ع ن أ يب ه ر ي ر ة ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه ق ال ق ال ر س ول الل ه ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ن ح ن أ ح ق ب ال ش ك م ن إ ب ر اه يم إ ذ ق ال } ر ب أ ر ين ك ي ف ت ح ي ي ال م و ىت ق ال أ و ل م ت و م ن ق ال ب لى و ل ك ن ل ي ط م ي ن ق ل ب ي { Narrated Abu Huraira الل ه ع ن ه :ر ضي Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "We have more right to be in doubt than Abraham when he said, 'My Lord! Show me how You give life to the dead.' He said, 'Do you not believe?' He said, 'Yes (I believe) but to be stronger in Faith.' (2.260) - - we are more worthy than Ibrahim to have shakk he (s) said this out of humility that if Ibrahim wondered, while he believed with so much conviction, that he even agreed to be thrown in the Kire so if he wondered, we can also wonder the Prophet (s) did not have shakk himself, rather he is not judging Ibrahim for having asked this question he is praising Ibrahim This is similar to how he defended Yunus (a) by saying do not prefer me over him - There are two types of yaqeen: - by hearing something with ears - by seeing something with ones eyes - You believe what you hear, but the yaqeen that comes by seeing something yourself is different - Ibrahim knew that Allah would resurrect the dead.. he had no doubt, but he wanted to see, observe ليس الخبر كاملعاينة said: - In Arabic, it is - Being informed of something is not like observing it observing it yourself is far better - Musa (a) was informed about the shirk that his people were doing, but when he came and saw it for himself, he was furious, he even threw the alwaah - The Prophet (s) believed with conviction, but he was taken on the night journey, mi raaj, for the purpose of greater yaqeen - So Ibrahim also did not have doubt, but he wanted greater conviction - You had already heard many of these ahadith before when learning tafseer you wrote them in your notes, studied them for your tests, trusted your teacher but

7 now that you are reading the ahadith yourself with the sanad this is bringing you greater conviction - If you have heard something its good.. but reading something yourself brings greater conviction so in class dont just rely on listening, also read read the book, keep your eyes focused - In school, you study the theory, and then also do the practical in the lab - when you tell someone that Allah s promise is true, so have faith and rely people are not willing to listen but when a person speaks with experience - If someone speaks with conviction, you believe them and this conviction comes with study and also experience.. - The Prophets were made to go through situations that increased their faith in Allah - a child, a student says I dont know, I cant do this the teacher says you know he says I cant do it, the teacher says you can how does he know? on what basis? ilm of ghayb? no. conviction - You say people dont listen so Kirst be convinced yourself.. if you are convinced yourself, then your vibes will convince them - Those who are given Iman and yaqeen through Quran, do not leave the Quran because they know it is a means of survival and success so they cant leave it.. they have yaqeen that this is the means to success - So believing in Allah, in the hereafter, in resurrection.. this yaqeen is not something insignikicant.. if a person has conviction, then actions will transform اب ق و ل ه } أ ي و د أ ح د ك م أ ن ت ك ون ل ه ج نة م ن ن خ يل و أ ع ن اب إ لى ق و ل ه ل ع ل ك م ت ت ف ك ر ون { XLIX: "Would any of you like to have a garden of dates and grapes...to... so that perhaps you will reflect." (2:266) حديث: ح دث ن ا إ ب ر اه يم أ خ بر ن ا ه ش ام ع ن اب ن ج ر ي ج س م ع ت ع ب د الل ه ب ن أ يب م ل ي ك ة ي ح دث ع ن اب ن ع باس ق ال و س م ع ت أ خ اه أ ب ا ب ك ر ب ن أ يب م ل ي ك ة ي ح دث ع ن ع ب ي د ب ن ع م ري ق ال ق ال ع م ر ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه ي و م ا لا ص ح اب ال نب ي ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ف يم ت ر و ن ه ذ ه الا ي ة ن ز ل ت } أ ي و د أ ح د ك م أ ن ت ك ون ل ه ج نة { ق ال وا الل ه أ ع ل م ف غ ض ب ع م ر ف ق ال ق ول وا ن ع ل م أ و لا ن ع ل م ف ق ال اب ن ع باس في ن ف سي م ن ه ا شي ء ي ا أ م ري ال م و م ن ني ق ال ع م ر ي ا اب ن أ خ ي ق ل و لا ت ح ق ر ن ف س ك ق ال اب ن ع باس ضر ب ت م ث لا ل ع م ل ق ال ع م ر أ ي ع م ل ق ال اب ن ع باس ل ع م ل ق ال ع م ر ل ر ج ل غ ن ي ي ع م ل ب ط اع ة الل ه ع ز و ج ل ث م ب ع ث الل ه ل ه ال شي ط ان ف ع م ل ب ال م ع اصي ح تى أ غ ر ق أ ع ام ل ه Narrated Ubaid bin Umair: Once `Umar (bin Al-Khattab) said to the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) "What do you think about this Verse:--"Does any of you wish that he should have a garden?" - Omar would have such discussions in his gatherings make this your habit, at any gathering, talk to people about these such matters conversations will be very productive, useful you will not just give them information, you will teach them how to think, control their emotions, focus, how much to talk, talk clearly, with brevity - if someone were to ask us, what is your favorite verse of the Quran? we Kind it difkicult to answer, because we are scattered in our thoughts, we dont like to burden our brain - To acquire and give ilm, you need to put in effort - we enjoy listening to speakers who entertain us, make us cry a litt,e laugh a little etc. but then what happens after that speech? what do you remember? what do you get from it?

8 - but when you study, reklect on certain points, go in the depths of the ayah, when you hear it in salah you have khushu, when you reklect on it, you Kind peace. - One kind of ilm is temporary: what you borrow from here and there, the other type of ilm is acquired: what you have learnt, reklected over, related with yourself it will be a source of peace for you - there is a difference between living in a rental house and an owned house - so acquire ilm, strive for it, work hard for it and if you complain over it, you will not receive it those who complain excessively, blessings are taken away from them - Omar (r ) would ask questions from people make them think - some people get bothered by such individuals.. - so think about this verse, what does it mean? They replied, "Allah knows best." `Umar became angry and said, "Either say that you know or say that you do not know!" - Of course Allah knows On that Ibn `Abbas said, "O chief of the believers! I have something in my mind to say about it." `Umar said, "O son of my brother! Say, and do not under-estimate yourself." - Some people under estimate their knowledge and abilities but do not do that.. do not belittle yourself, when Allah has given you a blessing then use it Ibn `Abbas said, "This Verse has been set up as an example for deeds." `Umar said, "What kind of deeds?" Ibn `Abbas said, "For deeds." `Umar said, "This is an example for a rich man who does good deeds out of obedience of Allah and then Allah ع ز و ج ل sends him Satan whereupon he commits sins till all his good deeds are lost. - In other words, this verse about the elderly who spend their life in good work, but spend their old age in making life difkicult for themselves and others aways complaining about others, and even neglecting their responsibilities - some times, in old age people even leave salah, Quran.. they Kight with others - This is why ask Allah to give you a good end - how many children are so patient that they bear the rudeness of their elderly parents and then are concerned for their akhirah also - so be concerned about your Kinal end - a person worked hard his entire life working on his garden.. and when it is time to reap the effort, the garden is destroyed: so he has nothing for that time or the future if a person wastes his own deeds like this at the end of life, then he has nothing good left for dunya or akhirah - NEVER regret doing good sometimes we work hard in doing some khayr.. but then later complain about it - In old age there is more of a need to do good, because the days are few and death is near ب اب } لا ي س ا ل ون ال ناس إ ل ح اف ا { ي ق ال أ ل ح ف ع لي و أ ل ح ع لي و أ ح ف اين ب ال م س ا ل ة } ف ي ح ف ك م { ي ج ه د ك م Chapter: "They do not ask people importunately." (2:273) One uses alhafa, alahha, and ahfaa for importunate begging. "Put you under pressure" (47:37) is to strive with you. حديث: 63

9 ح دث ن ا اب ن أ يب م ر ي م ح دث ن ا م ح مد ب ن ج ع ف ر ق ال ح دث ن ي شر يك ب ن أ يب من ر أ ن ع ط اء ب ن ي س ار و ع ب د ال رح م ن ب ن أ يب ع م ر ة الا ن ص ار ي ق الا س م ع ن ا أ ب ا ه ر ي ر ة ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه ي ق ول ق ال ال نب ي ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ل ي س ال م س ك ني ال ذ ي ت ر ده ال تم ر ة و ال تم ر ت ان و لا الل ق م ة و لا الل ق م ت ان إ من ا ال م س ك ني ال ذ ي ي ت ع فف و اق ر ء وا إ ن ش ي ت م ي ع ن ي ق و ل ه } لا ي س ا ل ون ال ناس إ ل ح اف ا { Narrated Abu Huraira الل ه ع ن ه :ر ضي The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The poor person is not the one for whom a date or two or a morsel or two (of food) is sufficient but the poor person is he who does not (beg or) ask the people (for something) or show his poverty at all. Recite if you wish, (Allah's Statement): "They do not beg of people at all." (2.273) - Meaning, miskeen is not the one whom you give a bite or two of food and then he goes away.. - So miskeen does not beg ب اب } و أ ح ل الل ه ال ب ي ع و ح رم ال رب ا { ال م س ال ج ن ون LI: "Allah has permitted trade and He has forbidden usury." (2:275) "Mass" means madness. حديث: ح دث ن ا ع م ر ب ن ح ف ص ب ن غ ي اث ح دث ن ا أ يب ح دث ن ا الا ع م ش ح دث ن ا م س ل م ع ن م سر وق ع ن ع اي ش ة ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه ا ق ال ت ل ام ن ز ل ت الا ي ات م ن آخ ر س ور ة ال ب ق ر ة في ال رب ا ق ر أ ه ا ر س ول الل ه ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ع لى ال ناس ث م ح رم ال تج ار ة في ال خ م ر Narrated `Aisha الل ه ع ن ه ا :ر ضي When the Verses of Surat-al-Baqara regarding usury (i.e. Riba) were revealed, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) recited them before the people and then he prohibited the trade of alcoholic liquors. - Even though alcohol had been prohibited, but its trade was not clearly prohibited. So now the Prophet (s) prohibited the trade of alcohol with the prohibition of riba. Or perhaps he repeated the prohibition of alcohol here, to make clear to those who did not know about its prohibiton. ب اب } مي ح ق الل ه ال رب ا { ي ذ ه ب ه LII: "Allah obliterates usury" (2:276) i.e. removes it. حديث: ح دث ن ا ب شر ب ن خ ال د أ خ بر ن ا م ح مد ب ن ج ع ف ر ع ن ش ع ب ة ع ن س ل ي ام ن الا ع م ش س م ع ت أ ب ا ال ضح ى ي ح دث ع ن م سر وق ع ن ع اي ش ة أ ن ه ا ق ال ت ل ام أ ن ز ل ت الا ي ات الا و اخ ر م ن س ور ة ال ب ق ر ة خ ر ج ر س ول الل ه ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ف ت لا ه ن في ال م س ج د ف ح رم ال تج ار ة في ال خ م ر Narrated `Aisha: When the last Verses of Surat-al-Baqara were revealed. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went out and recited them in the Mosque and prohibited the trade of alcoholic liquors. ب اب } ف ا ذ ن وا ب ح ر ب م ن الل ه و ر س ول ه { ف اع ل م وا LIII: "Take note that it means war " (2:279) i.e. know. حديث: ح دث ن ي م ح مد ب ن ب شار ح دث ن ا غ ن د ر ح دث ن ا ش ع ب ة ع ن م ن ص ور ع ن أ يب ال ضح ى ع ن م سر وق ع ن ع اي ش ة ق ال ت ل ام أ ن ز ل ت الا ي ات م ن آخ ر س ور ة ال ب ق ر ة ق ر أ ه ن ال نب ي ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ع ل ي ه م في ال م س ج د و ح رم ال تج ار ة في ال خ م ر Narrated `Aisha: When the last Verses of Surat-al-Baqara were revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) read them in the Mosque and prohibited the trade of alcoholic liquors. ب اب } و إ ن ك ان ذ و ع سر ة ف ن ظ ر ة إ لى م ي سر ة و أ ن ت ص دق وا خ ري ل ك م إ ن ك ن ت م ت ع ل م ون { LIV: "If someone is in difficult circumstances, there should be a deferral until things are easier. But making a free gift of it would be better for you if you only knew."(2:280) و ق ال ل ن ا م ح مد ب ن ي وس ف ع ن س ف ي ان ع ن م ن ص ور و الا ع م ش ع ن أ يب ال ضح ى ع ن م سر وق ع ن ع اي ش ة ق ال ت ل ام أ ن ز ل ت الا ي ات م ن آخ ر س ور ة ال ب ق ر ة ق ام ر س ول الل ه ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ف ق ر أ ه ن ع ل ي ن ا ث م ح رم ال تج ار ة في ال خ م ر Narrated `Aisha: When the last Verses of Surat-al-Baqara were revealed, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) stood up and recited them before us and then prohibited the trade of alcoholic liquors.

10 - The wording is slightly different ب اب } و ات ق وا ي و م ا ت ر ج ع ون ف يه إ لى الل ه { LV: "Show fear of a Day when you will be returned to Allah." (2:281) - Meaning, the day of Judgment حديث: ح دث ن ا ق ب يص ة ب ن ع ق ب ة ح دث ن ا س ف ي ان ع ن ع اص م ع ن ال شع ب ي ع ن اب ن ع باس ر ضي الل ه ع ن ه ام ق ال آخ ر آي ة ن ز ل ت ع لى ال نب ي ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م آي ة ال رب ا Narrated Ibn `Abbas الل ه ع ن ه ام :ر ضي The last Verse (in the Qur'an) revealed to the Prophet (ﷺ) was the Verse dealing with usury (i.e. Riba). - There are varying opinions, some said it was this ayah, others said it was ayah this was because different companions mentioned what they knew. So this is not contradiction, rather its just varying levels of knowledge ب اب } و إ ن ت ب د وا م ا في أ ن ف س ك م أ و ت خ ف وه ي ح اس ب ك م ب ه الل ه ف ي غ ف ر ل م ن ي ش اء و ي ع ذب م ن ي ش اء و الل ه ع لى ك ل شي ء ق د ير { LVI: "Whether you divulge what is in yourselves or keep it hidden, Allah will still call you to account for it. He forgives whoever He wills and He punishes whoever He wills. Allah has power over everything." (2:284) حديث: ح دث ن ا م ح مد ح دث ن ا ال نف ي لي ح دث ن ا م س ك ني ع ن ش ع ب ة ع ن خ ال د ال ح ذاء ع ن م ر و ان الا ص ف ر ع ن ر ج ل م ن أ ص ح اب ال نب ي ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م و ه و اب ن ع م ر أ ن ه ا ق د ن س خ ت } و إ ن ت ب د وا م ا في أ ن ف س ك م أ و ت خ ف وه { الا ي ة Narrated Ibn `Umar: This Verse:--"Whether you show what is in your minds or conceal it.." (2.284) was abrogated. - Because this ayah was very difkicult upon the companions. they said they did not have control over what came into their hearts so the next verse abrogated it: ب اب } آم ن ال رس ول مب ا أ ن ز ل إ ل ي ه م ن ر ب ه { LVII: "The Messenger believes in what has been sent down to him from his Lord." (2:285) و ق ال اب ن ع باس } إ صر ا { ع ه د ا و ي ق ال } غ ف ر ان ك { م غ ف ر ت ك } ف اغ ف ر ل ن ا { Ibn 'Abbas said that "isran" (2:286) means compact. It is said that "ghufranaka" (2:285) is "Your forgiveness, so forgive us." (2:286) حديث: ح دث ن ي إ س ح اق ب ن م ن ص ور أ خ بر ن ا ر و ح أ خ بر ن ا ش ع ب ة ع ن خ ال د ال ح ذاء ع ن م ر و ان الا ص ف ر ع ن ر ج ل م ن أ ص ح اب ر س ول الل ه ص لى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ق ال أ ح س ب ه اب ن ع م ر } إ ن ت ب د وا م ا في أ ن ف س ك م أ و ت خ ف وه { ق ال ن س خ ت ه ا الا ي ة ال ت ي ب ع د ه ا Narrated Marwan Al-Asghar: A man from the companions of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) who I think, was Ibn `Umar said, "The Verse:-- "Whether you show what is in your minds or conceal it..." was abrogated by the Verse following it. - meaning, the verse Laa yukallifu abrogated it - So this means that if a waswasah comes into the heart, an evil thought then eh should not utter it, say it to any one, - as long as you dont act upon it, you are safe - Give a smile to those who beg if you don not wish to give them money