Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow Network

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Adrian Freeman
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Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow Network Happy New Water Year.

During September, we saw the rains come for the first two weeks of the month, and not so much during the last two weeks of the month.

As we have become so accustomed to making our contribution with measurements from our gauge, an entirely new dimension has been added and we can make a contribution with our words, our experiences,

1 Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow Network Happy New Water Year. The red colors will soon arrive from all of our deciduous trees including this month s feature, the State Tree of Massachusetts, the American Elm. During September, we saw the rains come for the first two weeks of the month, and not so much during the last two weeks of the month. The tropics saw an extremely active month with storms named Harvey, Irma, Jose and Maria with Jose coming close to the southeast portion of our area. We have a map of Condition Monitoring Reports. As we have become so accustomed to making our contribution with measurements from our gauge, an entirely new dimension has been added and we can make a contribution with our words, our experiences, our observations of the conditions in our area. With the Water Year that has ended, now is the time to look over your reporting for the past 12 months. From the website, Station Precip Summary is a great way to see your reports and missing reports alike. Some introductory remarks about Snow Measuring & Reporting. October 2017 With this dry stretch of weather we re having, our network values reports made every day. Be a hero! Report your zeros! Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 1 October 2017 Newsletter

2 The Grand List Congratulations to these observers from our three states who have recently passed milestones of 1000 Daily Reports Daily Reports MA-ES-1 MA-PL-5 RI-WS-1 Salisbury 3.7 NW Kingston 3.3 WNW Hope Valley 3.7 S 2000 Daily Reports MA-DK-5 West Tisbury 2.9 N 1000 Daily Reports MA-SF-1 MA-BE-5 Boston 0.5 WSW Tyringham 1.5 WNW Precipitation and Condensation By keeping track of this with a Comment with the Morning observation, dew happens more often than we would think, mostly on clear days and nights. Many of you are doing well and are able to tell. A few questions were asked recently so just a few paragraphs to keep us all focused. If you are new to the crew, you too should know what to do about dew. Look around for confirming cues. Is the pavement wet? Are there puddles of water? Another way to tell is to look at the funnel. If the water droplets are very small, it is condensation. Bigger droplets means precipitation. We measure and report what falls from the sky, not what cools on the cylinder. If you receive a few drops of rain or flakes of snow, report a Trace. If you are not sure, if the fog was so dense you had to use your car s wipers, make a comment. With clear skies, day and night, think twice before submitting a report of Trace or 0.01 or Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 2 October 2017 Newsletter

Station Precip Summary As you look over your Water Year Summaries,

It will show missing reports, multi-day reports and it will total

1 3 Take the default date range or select your own date range.

the bottom By the numbers. 1- View Data. 2- Station Precip Summary.

3 Station Precip Summary As you look over your Water Year Summaries, this inquiry tool lets you look at your station and two others. It will show missing reports, multi-day reports and it will total your precipitation. 1 3 Take the default date range or select your own date range. 4 2 ** means a Multi-Day Report -- means a missing report Totals on the bottom By the numbers. 1- View Data. 2- Station Precip Summary. 3- Enter 1, 2 or 3 stations. DC-DC-19 is the White House. 4- Click on Get Summary Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 3 October 2017 Newsletter

4 Snow Measuring & Reporting With leaves still on trees, it is difficult to make this statement. We have seen snow in October before. Snow Measuring & Reporting is a dimension that we as observers do better than any piece of equipment ever designed. This month starts another snow reporting season. A good time to get into the habit to report snow amounts and snow depths every day that you can. Change those NA s to 0 s until the snowflakes starts to fly. Take inventory of your tools. A ruler to measure. A snow measuring board as a hard surface. Sticks or reflector sticks to find those snow measuring boards after a fresh blanket of snow appears. A 2 nd outer cylinder, or a kitchen pot, to place a snow core. Perhaps it is time to get rid of that plastic spatula and use a spatula that has a metal blade. Take your outer cylinder indoors and perform a leak check. Choose a dry clear day. Fill the outer cylinder with about 1 of water, let it sit on a dry surface for some part of an hour and see if the bottom of the outer cylinder gets wet or stays dry. Your outer cylinder may not get much work in the summer months, but does get plenty of work in the winter months. A special aspect of CoCoRaHS is the number of tools that you have is entirely up to you. With each successive year, you may want to try using an additional tool. You can even build tools at a minimal of expense. Anyone handy enough and daring enough, we have pictures we can show with homemade tools we have built over the years. For Reporting, please avoid the most common mistake, which comes in the first value reported. The first value reported is the melted contents of the gauge catch. All too often we see the enthusiasm of finding out that new snowfall amount and reporting that value first. These mistaken entries stand out brightly on our map of reports. When the below freezing weather arrives, the funnel and inner cylinder come indoors to avoid snow piling up on the funnel. Automated equipment does not work well when it snows. Nobody does this quite as well as you do. You are the Rulers of the Snow. Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 4 October 2017 Newsletter

Detail and Summary for September 2017 From the National Weather Service (NWS) Climate sites for Sep 2017. The red numbers of rainfall deficits have returned.

5 Detail and Summary for September 2017 From the National Weather Service (NWS) Climate sites for Sep The red numbers of rainfall deficits have returned. Most of the rain fell in southeastern Massachusetts and accented by 3 days of wind and rain brought by Tropical Storm Jose. Well done by those observers on the Cape and the Islands. The rains came over Labor Day weekend and the following week. About ½ on the Cape and Hartford for the 3 rd. 1 + over Franklin County on the 4 th, 1 + in Litchfield County on the 6 th, 2 + rain over Middlesex County MA and the Cape. Some light rain on the 18 th and the 20 th. The effects of Tropical Storm Jose for the 21 st and into the 25 th Comments have increased since last month. Thank you and keep it up. Take in this next section of your reports with appreciation of your efforts. Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 5 October 2017 Newsletter

From your reports for September 2017 Observers reporting 319 Reported all 30 days 140 Completed by Multi-Day Reports 25 Missing 1 or 2 reports 47 Daily Reports 7585 Zero Reports 4483 Non-Zero Reports

6 From your reports for September 2017 Observers reporting 319 Reported all 30 days 140 Completed by Multi-Day Reports 25 Missing 1 or 2 reports 47 Daily Reports 7585 Zero Reports 4483 Non-Zero Reports 3102 Daily Comments 1393 Multi-Day Reports 165 Condition Monitoring Reports 43 Significant Weather Reports 7 Hail Reports 1 Snowfall Reports 3737 Snow Depth Reports 1194 Highest Daily Report 3.94 from Yarmouth MA (MA-BA-1) reported on 9/7 Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 6 October 2017 Newsletter

7 At the bottom of this list, we have adopted an observer from Fishers Island, off the coast from New London. This observer is a former observer of our area and relocated to Fishers Island. If there are additional observers that are very close to our area that we should adopt, please let us know. For a viewing explanation on Watersheds, the CoCoRaHS animated video is on YouTube. Watershed Watershed Name Station Station Name Precip Piscataqua-Salmon Falls Hampton River - Frontal Atlantic Ocean MA-ES-1 Salisbury 3.7 NW 3.08'' Nashua North Nashua River MA-WR-44 Westminster 0.6 WSW 4.26'' North Nashua River MA-WR-22 Fitchburg 2.0 NNE 4.16'' North Nashua River MA-WR-13 Leominster 1.5 S 3.27'' Headwaters Nashua River MA-WR-56 Sterling 4.3 NW 5.01'' Headwaters Nashua River MA-MD-25 Ayer 0.1 SW 2.95'' Squannacook River MA-MD-47 West Townsend 0.5 W 3.94'' Concord Sudbury River MA-MD-89 Sudbury 3.6 W 2.43'' Sudbury River MA-MD-88 Wayland 2.1 SSE 2.62'' Concord River MA-WR-30 Shrewsbury 1.6 NNE 2.46'' Concord River MA-WR-28 Berlin 1.3 WSW 2.78'' Concord River MA-WR-42 Northborough 2.3 N 2.65'' Concord River MA-MD-61 Stow 2.3 NW 2.94'' Concord River MA-MD-12 Acton 1.3 SW 2.56'' Concord River MA-MD-51 Maynard 0.7 ESE 2.29'' Merrimack River Spicket River MA-ES-38 Methuen 1.6 NNE 3.67'' Stony Brook - Merrimack River MA-MD-93 Westford 1.5 SSW 3.89'' Shawsheen River MA-MD-52 Lexington 0.6 SW 2.43'' Powwow River - Merrimack River MA-ES-3 Haverhill 3.6 WNW 4.57'' Middle Connecticut Manhan River - Connecticut River MA-HS-26 Easthampton 0.5 SW 2.27'' Manhan River - Connecticut River MA-HS-10 Northampton 1.6 NE 2.28'' Manhan River - Connecticut River MA-FR-12 Sunderland 1.3 SE 3.21'' Batchelor Brook - Connecticut River MA-HD-13 Springfield 4.1 W 2.20'' Miller Deerfield Lower Deerfield River MA-FR-17 Buckland 1.8 ESE 2.87'' Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 7 October 2017 Newsletter

8 Lower Deerfield River MA-FR-10 Conway 0.9 SW 2.92'' Chicopee Lower Connecticut Mill River - Connecticut River CT-HR-5 Enfield 1.5 SE 2.85'' Scantic River MA-HD-20 Wilbraham 3.7 SSW 2.80'' Scantic River CT-TL-15 Central Somers 0.3 N 3.29'' Park River CT-HR-39 Farmington 1.6 SW 2.34'' Park River CT-HR-49 West Hartford 1.1 W 2.80'' Park River CT-HR-11 West Hartford 2.7 SSE 1.70'' Park River CT-HR-19 Newington 0.8 ENE 1.84'' Roaring Brook - Connecticut River CT-HR-6 Wethersfield 1.2 WSW 2.34'' Roaring Brook - Connecticut River CT-HR-50 Hartford 1.5 S 2.18'' Roaring Brook - Connecticut River CT-HR-51 Wethersfield 1.3 S 2.16'' Roaring Brook - Connecticut River CT-HR-22 East Hartford 1.3 E 2.29'' Roaring Brook - Connecticut River CT-HR-40 Glastonbury Center 4.0 ENE 2.20'' Mattabesset River CT-HR-15 Southington 3.0 E 0.77'' Westfield Headwaters Westfield River MA-HS-7 Plainfield 2.2 SW 3.34'' Headwaters Westfield River MA-HS-14 Plainfield 2.4 ESE 3.23'' Outlet Westfield River MA-HD-17 Southwick 2.5 WSW 2.45'' Farmington Still River CT-LT-15 Colebrook 1.0 NE 2.66'' West Branch Farmington River MA-BE-4 Becket 5.6 SSW 3.62'' West Branch Farmington River CT-LT-18 New Hartford Center 1.5 N 2.82'' Headwaters Farmington River CT-LT-9 New Hartford Center 3.2 SW 3.38'' Headwaters Farmington River CT-HR-24 Collinsville 0.9 NW 2.95'' Headwaters Farmington River CT-HR-28 North Canton 0.8 SSW 4.07'' Salmon Brook CT-HR-8 North Granby 1.3 ENE 2.47'' Outlet Farmington River CT-HR-35 Weatogue 0.7 E 2.57'' Charles Ipswich River MA-MD-85 Wilmington 2.2 WNW 2.44'' Ipswich River MA-MD-45 Wilmington 1.5 NE 0.84'' Ipswich River MA-ES-12 Boxford 2.4 S 2.31'' Ipswich River MA-ES-2 Beverly 2.8 NW 2.58'' Essex River - Frontal Atlantic Ocean MA-ES-41 Danvers 0.8 ESE 2.70'' Saugus River - Frontal Broad Sound MA-MD-81 Wakefield 0.5 NNW 2.52'' Mystic River - Frontal Boston Harbor MA-MD-67 Lexington 2.3 SE 2.08'' Mystic River - Frontal Boston Harbor MA-MD-7 Winchester 0.7 SE 2.93'' Mystic River - Frontal Boston Harbor MA-MD-44 Medford 1.2 W 2.79'' Mystic River - Frontal Boston Harbor MA-MD-11 Cambridge 0.9 NNW 2.70'' Mystic River - Frontal Boston Harbor MA-SF-10 Chelsea 0.8 N 2.59'' Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 8 October 2017 Newsletter

9 Upper Charles River MA-WR-1 Milford 2.3 NNW 2.08'' Upper Charles River MA-MD-106 Holliston 2.4 W 2.20'' Upper Charles River MA-MD-42 Holliston 0.8 S 2.32'' Lower Charles River - Frontal Boston Harbor MA-MD-74 Somerville 0.7 SSE 2.25'' Cape Cod North River - Frontal Massachusetts Bay MA-PL-5 Kingston 3.3 WNW 4.55'' Cape Cod MA-BA-2 Falmouth 3.1 NNW 5.58'' Cape Cod MA-BA-57 Falmouth 5.7 N 5.54'' Cape Cod MA-BA-14 North Falmouth 0.5 ENE 3.60'' Cape Cod MA-BA-17 East Falmouth 1.2 WNW 4.60'' Cape Cod MA-BA-19 East Falmouth 0.7 NW 5.94'' Cape Cod MA-BA-3 Falmouth 3.0 E 6.19'' Cape Cod MA-BA-18 Waquoit 0.6 SSW 6.11'' Cape Cod MA-BA-47 Mashpee 2.4 WSW 6.53'' Cape Cod MA-BA-45 Sandwich 0.9 NNE 3.64'' Cape Cod MA-BA-59 Barnstable 3.6 W 6.46'' Cape Cod MA-BA-22 Yarmouth 0.9 NNW 6.66'' Cape Cod MA-BA-33 Brewster 1.5 ESE 5.42'' Cape Cod MA-BA-52 Truro 0.8 E 4.15'' Cape Cod MA-BA-36 Harwich 2.6 ENE 6.80'' Cape Cod MA-BA-51 Orleans 3.0 S 5.76'' Cape Cod MA-BA-12 Orleans 1.1 E 5.86'' Cape Cod MA-BA-30 Eastham 0.6 SW 4.99'' Mattapoisett River - Frontal Buzzards Bay MA-PL-19 Rochester 1.2 NNW 4.21'' Mattapoisett River - Frontal Buzzards Bay MA-BA-64 Sandwich 1.5 SSE 4.90'' Paskamanset River - Frontal Buzzards Bay MA-BR-14 Dartmouth 2.5 SSW 3.43'' Sakonnet Point - Frontal Rhode Island Sound RI-NW-5 Little Compton 1.7 NW 2.06'' Elizabeth Islands - Marthas Vineyard MA-DK-5 West Tisbury 2.9 N 6.65'' Elizabeth Islands - Marthas Vineyard MA-DK-9 West Tisbury 0.4 S 6.94'' Elizabeth Islands - Marthas Vineyard MA-DK-2 Vineyard Haven 0.8 WSW 6.62'' Nantucket Island MA-NT-1 Nantucket 3.8 WNW 5.96'' Blackstone Upper Blackstone River MA-WR-41 Auburn 2.6 SW 2.42'' Upper Blackstone River MA-WR-43 Leicester 2.4 ESE 2.44'' Upper Blackstone River MA-WR-32 Auburn 1.9 ESE 2.54'' Lower Blackstone River RI-PR-50 Harrisville 1.2 SSE 2.41'' Lower Blackstone River RI-PR-45 Manville 0.4 WSW 2.25'' Lower Blackstone River RI-PR-55 Cumberland Hill 3.3 NE 2.12'' Narragansett Upper Taunton River MA-PL-22 East Bridgewater 0.3 WSW 3.66'' Upper Taunton River MA-PL-15 Abington 1.2 NNE 2.53'' Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 9 October 2017 Newsletter

10 Upper Taunton River MA-PL-23 Pembroke 2.8 SW 3.66'' Middle Taunton River MA-PL-17 Plympton 0.9 NNE 4.24'' Threemile River MA-NF-19 Foxborough 1.8 SSW 2.71'' Threemile River MA-BR-33 Taunton 2.4 W 3.23'' Threemile River MA-BR-9 Taunton 2.6 NW 3.34'' Ten Mile River MA-BR-17 North Attleboro 0.8 E 2.57'' Wonnasquatucket River-Moshassuck River RI-PR-33 Greenville 0.7 NNW 2.70'' Woonasquatucket River-Moshassuck River RI-PR-51 North Smithfield 0.6 S 2.34'' Woonasquatucket River-Moshassuck River RI-PR-53 Providence 1.7 N 1.89'' Pawtuxet River RI-PR-17 Cranston 4.1 E 2.55'' Lower Taunton River - Frontal Mount Hope Bay MA-BR-3 Norton 1.8 NNE 3.36'' Lower Taunton River - Frontal Mount Hope Bay MA-BR-16 Somerset 0.4 SSE 2.44'' Lower Taunton River - Frontal Mount Hope Bay MA-BR-19 Somerset 2.0 NNE 2.58'' Lower Taunton River - Frontal Mount Hope Bay MA-BR-8 Dighton 1.1 WSW 2.74'' Narragansett Bay RI-WS-31 Kingston 7.5 NNE 2.70'' Narragansett Bay RI-KN-2 East Greenwich 2.3 ESE 2.39'' Narragansett Bay RI-BR-5 Barrington 1.3 WNW 2.08'' Narragansett Bay RI-NW-4 Middletown 1.1 SW 1.17'' Narragansett Bay RI-NW-16 Portsmouth 1.3 S 1.74'' Narragansett Bay RI-NW-11 Tiverton 0.8 SSW 2.49'' Pawcatuck-Wood Wood River RI-WS-1 Hope Valley 3.7 S 2.99'' Upper Pawcatuck River RI-WS-32 Kingston 6.9 NNW 2.53'' Frontal Block Island Sound RI-WS-36 Charlestown 3.0 WSW 2.25'' Quinebaug Upper Quinebaug River MA-HD-16 Wales 0.4 SSW 2.45'' Fivemile River CT-WN-6 Dayville 2.0 ENE 1.82'' Fivemile River CT-WN-4 East Killingly 1.3 SW 1.96'' Mossup River CT-WN-8 Moosup 1.7 NE 2.40'' Pachaug River CT-NL-21 Griswold 0.9 N 1.62'' Shetucket Willimantic River CT-TL-18 Hebron 5.3 NW 3.30'' Willimantic River CT-TL-2 Staffordville 0.4 NNW 2.76'' Natchaug River CT-TL-4 Mansfield Center 1.9 SW 1.73'' Natchaug River CT-WN-12 Eastford 2.0 W 2.27'' Shetucket River CT-WN-10 South Windham 1.3 NNE 1.75'' Shetucket River CT-NL-10 Norwich 2.5 NNE 1.91'' Shetucket River CT-NL-28 Lisbon 2.0 SW 1.58'' Thames Thames River-Frontal New London Harbor CT-NL-5 Oakdale 2.6 WNW 1.95'' Thames River-Frontal New London Harbor CT-NL-6 New London 1.0 NNW 2.07'' Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 10 October 2017 Newsletter

11 Thames River-Frontal New London Harbor CT-NL-8 Uncasville-Oxoboxo Valley 1.6 ENE 1.38'' Mystic River - Frontal Fishers Island Sound CT-NL-22 Central Waterford 2.7 SSW 2.00'' Mystic River - Frontal Fishers Island Sound CT-NL-24 Stonington 1.4 NNW 2.36'' Mystic River - Frontal Fishers Island Sound CT-NL-18 Stonington 0.5 NNE 2.90'' Quinnipiac Quinnipiac River CT-NH-14 Prospect 1.9 ENE 1.30'' Quinnipiac River CT-NH-30 Cheshire Village 2.2 SE 1.36'' Quinnipiac River CT-NH-44 Wallingford Center 1.9 WNW 1.82'' Quinnipiac River CT-NH-42 Wallingford Center 1.1 N 2.08'' Hammonasset River - Frontal Long Island Sound CT-MD-15 Clinton 3.5 N 2.01'' Hammonasset River - Frontal Long Island Sound CT-MD-5 Westbrook Center 1.1 N 2.45'' Mill River - Frontal Long Island Sound CT-NH-16 Milford 1.8 E 2.12'' Mill River - Frontal Long Island Sound CT-NH-38 Wallingford Center 2.3 WNW 1.66'' Housatonic Headwaters Housatonic River MA-BE-11 Great Barrington 3.0 N 2.53'' Headwaters Housatonic River MA-BE-10 Pittsfield 2.0 NNW 2.56'' Headwaters Housatonic River MA-BE-5 Tyringham 1.5 WNW 3.39'' Macedonia Brook - Housatonic River CT-LT-20 Warren 2.4 WNW 3.61'' Still River - Housatonic River CT-FR-43 Bethel 0.5 E 2.02'' Still River - Housatonic River CT-FR-41 Bethel 3.5 NNE 2.42'' Still River - Housatonic River CT-FR-9 Brookfield 3.3 SSE 2.70'' Eightmile Brook - Housatonic River CT-FR-44 Newtown 4.3 E 2.44'' Outlet Naugatuck River CT-NH-45 Naugatuck 1.7 NNE 1.27'' Outlet Naugatuck River CT-NH-22 Prospect 0.5 SW 1.30'' Housatonic River - Frontal Long Island Sound CT-FR-42 Monroe 0.1 SE 1.63'' Housatonic River - Frontal Long Island Sound CT-FR-23 Shelton 1.3 W 1.65'' Housatonic River - Frontal Long Island Sound CT-FR-46 Stratford 0.2 ESE 2.25'' Saugatuck Norwalk River - Frontal Norwalk Harbor CT-FR-29 Ridgefield 1.9 SSE 2.81'' Norwalk River - Frontal Norwalk Harbor CT-FR-3 New Canaan 1.9 ENE 2.30'' Norwalk River - Frontal Norwalk Harbor CT-FR-25 Norwalk 2.9 NNW 2.66'' Pequonnock River - Frontal Long Island Sound CT-FR-20 Westport 2.5 ENE 2.36'' Pequonnock River - Frontal Long Island Sound CT-FR-52 Trumbull 1.1 W 1.93'' Mianus River-Rippowam River CT-FR-50 Darien 2.8 NW 2.47'' Mianus River-Rippowam River CT-FR-35 Darien 1.8 ENE 2.04'' Long Island Sound Long Island Sound NY-SF-114 Fishers Island 0.5 NE 2.22'' Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 11 October 2017 Newsletter

12 Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 12 October 2017 Newsletter

13 Map of the Month Windham County CT The northeast part of Connecticut is called the Quiet Corner of Connecticut and Windham County CT makes up a large part of that Quiet Corner. The least populated county in Connecticut has around 115,000 residents on 513 square miles of land. Over 40 dairy farms in Windham County making it the largest producer of milk in all of Connecticut. The Quinebaug and Shetucket Rivers start to its north and flow south towards New London. This river valley makes up a National Historical Corridor. As you look from Boston MA to Washington DC, this county is one of the last areas void of urban lights. A good mix of seasoned and new observers in Windham County. If you know of someone who might be interesting in measuring and mapping precipitation, ask them to join CoCoRaHS. Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 13 October 2017 Newsletter

14 From the Drought Monitor. D0 for almost our entire three states, with the exception of Cape Cod and the Islands. Every drop counts and zeros do too! For a viewing explanation on the Drought Monitor, the CoCoRaHS animated video is on YouTube. Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 14 October 2017 Newsletter

15 Condition Monitoring Reports Thanks to those that jumped in during September and submitted a Condition Monitoring Report. We doubled our reports from 21 to 43 in a month s time. There is a map for our Daily Reports. Now there is one for our Condition Monitoring Reports, located in the same area under Maps. Zoom in a little closer to our area Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 15 October 2017 Newsletter

Blue colors are wet conditions, with triangles pointing upward. Orange or maroon colors are for dry conditions, with triangles pointing downward. The gray circle is for Near Normal.

16 Blue colors are wet conditions, with triangles pointing upward. Orange or maroon colors are for dry conditions, with triangles pointing downward. The gray circle is for Near Normal. Find an icon and click on it to read the report. This report is chosen because it caught the eye of the Drought Reporter and made the Impact List. Be sure to choose an additional category besides General Awareness for the Drought Reporter to view your Condition Monitoring Report. More details about Condition Monitoring Reports can be found with this video Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 16 October 2017 Newsletter

17 Wrap up The first pass of our Water Year Summaries have appeared. They are a Thank You card from CoCoRaHS. Look over your past 12 months, fill in missing reports that you can, and learn from the Summaries. See your monthly and 12 month totals, your snow fall and snow depth reports, and your narrative in the form of Comments. Autumn s natural beauty will occur with the changing of leaf colors. Enjoy the colorful splendor that accents our landscape. Take in the harvests of apples, grapes, and cranberries this month. Our first frost should occur in October, marking the end of the growing season. With no precipitation in the gauge, below freezing weather is not a concern. But if you do have precipitation in the gauge when below freezing temperatures arrive, measure, write down, take in the funnel and inner cylinder and report your measurement at your regular time. When the warmer weather returns, so can your inner cylinder and funnel. Snow can occur in October, so that is another reason to be ready to bring in your inner cylinder and funnel. We started the remarks on Snow Measuring & Reporting. We will continue those remarks in the months to come. There are plenty of videos on YouTube about measuring and reporting snow and we encourage you to view them, even as a refresher. We also have a Snow Guide document that we will post on our State Site soon. Thank you for all that you do for CoCoRaHS, whether in the past, present and in the days to come. Southern New England CoCoRaHS Page 17 October 2017 Newsletter

Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow Network

Community Collaborative Rain, Hail & Snow Network Another strong month of reporting in November. Records were broken for a 30 day month for all 3 of our states, many of them exceeded our reporting in the