Weather EOG Review Questions

Transcription

1 Weather EOG Review Questions

2 1. Which statement best describes runoff? A Water vapor cools off and changes into water droplets. B Water in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail falls from clouds. C Precipitation that falls to Earth ultimately flows over land into lakes, streams, and rivers. D Water from the oceans and the surface of the earth changes into water vapor.

3 Answer C Precipitation that falls to Earth ultimately flows over land into lakes, streams, and rivers.

4 2. Sometimes the weather in North Carolina is affected by air masses moving from the Gulf of Mexico. Which best describes these air masses? A cold and moist B warm and moist C cold and dry D warm and dry

5 Answer B warm and moist Warm, because the Gulf of Mexico is South of us, thus warmer. Also, moist air comes from a warm body of water (lots of evaporation!)

6 3. What do meteorologists depend on to forecast an approaching storm? A air pressure B temperature C humidity D wind speed

7 Answer A air pressure Air pressure can tell us about what kind of weather to expect as well. If a high pressure system is on its way, often you can expect cooler temperatures and clear skies. If a low pressure system is coming, then look for warmer weather, storms and rain.

8 4. Most warm and cold air masses that enter North Carolina are moved by global winds. Which global winds are responsible for most of the local weather in North Carolina? A northeast trade B southeast trade C polar easterlies D prevailing westerlies

9 Answer D prevailing westerlies 60 N is here 30 N is by Florida 45 N is by North Carolina

10 5. Which is most likely part of a weather station in a school? A balance scales B magnifying lens C rain gauge D telescope

11 C rain gauge Answer

12 6. A student picks up a glass of ice water and her hand gets wet. What most likely caused her hand to get wet? A The table was wet. B The water in the glass evaporated. C Some of the ice in the water melted. D Condensation formed on the outside of the glass.

13 Answer D Condensation formed on the outside of the glass. Remember: Condensation is when water vapor cools and changes back to a liquid. (If it was in the sky, it would make a cloud.)

14 7. During evaporation, which change best describes what happens to water? A A gas changes to a liquid. B A gas changes to a solid. C A liquid changes to a gas. D A liquid changes to a solid.

15 Answer C A liquid changes to a gas. Remember: evaporation vapor is made

16 8. Where do climate conditions cause hurricanes to become larger and more powerful? A over warm water B over cold water C over mountains D over dry, flat land

17 Answer A over warm water Hurricanes are born over warm, tropical oceans. Hurricanes are fueled by water vapor that is pushed up from the warm ocean surface, so they can last longer and sometimes move much further over water than over land. The combination of heat and moisture, along with the right wind conditions, can create a new hurricane.

18 9. Which factor is most helpful in determining where a thunderstorm is coming from and where it may go? A humidity B wind speed C wind direction D amount of rainfall

19 Answer C wind direction Key word : where

20 10. This map shows part of the Atlantic Ocean. If a tropical storm forms off the west coast of Africa, what effect will the storm most likely have on weather in the eastern parts of North America? 60 N A a reduction in the probability of severe winter weather B an increase in the probability of severe winter weather 0 C a reduction in the probability of a hurricane D an increase in the probability of a hurricane

21 Answer D an increase in the probability of a hurricane Hurricanes are born over warm, tropical oceans. Hurricanes are fueled by water vapor that is pushed up from the warm ocean surface, so they can last longer and sometimes move much further over water than over land. The combination of heat and moisture, along with the right wind conditions, can create a new hurricane.

22 11. Which cloud type is made up of ice crystals? A fog B stratus C cumulus D cirrus

23 Answer D cirrus Cirrus clouds are high clouds it s cooler as you rise in altitude.

24 12. Which best describes a correct order of the water cycle? A precipitation, runoff, condensation, evaporation, precipitation B precipitation, runoff, evaporation, condensation, precipitation C precipitation, evaporation, condensation, runoff, precipitation D precipitation, evaporation, runoff, condensation, precipitation

25 Answer B precipitation, runoff, evaporation, condensation, precipitation

26 13. What occurs when cool air moves from the beach toward the ocean during the night? A a land breeze B prevailing winds C a sea breeze D updrafts

27 Answer A a land breeze What is a land breeze? A land breeze occurs at night when the land cools faster than the sea. In this case, it is air above the warmer surface water that is heated and rises, pulling in air from the cooler land surface.

28 What is a sea breeze? On a warm summer day along the coast, this differential heating of land and sea leads to the development of local winds called sea breezes. As air above the land surface is heated by radiation from the Sun, it expands and begins to rise, being lighter than the surrounding air. To replace the rising air, cooler air is drawn in from above the surface of the sea. This is the sea breeze, and can offer a pleasant cooling influence on hot summer afternoons.