4-H State Marine Ecology Event

Transcription

1 4-H State Marine Ecology Event Species Identification Guide Section 2: Marine and Coastal Invertebrates Second Edition Developed by Karen Blyler, 4-H Marine Education Coordinator This second edition is based on an earlier guide created by Maia McGuire, Florida Sea Grant Agent St. Johns County, FL About photo and artwork copyrights Some photographs used in this study guide are copyrighted and are used by special permission. These photos may NOT be duplicated for other uses. Non-copyrighted photographs and artwork may be used for educational purposes. Please contact Karen Blyler at for more information. Updated/Revised 3/07 Acknowledgements for artwork and photos used in this guide Some line drawings are from the National Marine Fisheries Historical Image Collection, available through All photos with NOAA logo were obtained from this site. Fish artwork is by Diane Rome Peebles, courtesy of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Plant photos are used with permission of Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville. Sea turtle photos are used with permission of Caribbean Conservation Corporation and Sea Turtle Survival League. Photographers acknowledgements A number of photos were taken by youth enrolled in the Florida 4-H Youth Development Program. A big thanks goes to these wonderful young photographers for their assistance and contribution. The 4-H Program would also like to thank the following individuals for permission to use their photographs: Karen Blyler, 4-H Youth Development Maia McGuire, Florida Sea Grant Chris Simoniello, Florida Sea Grant Bryan Fluech, Florida Sea Grant Sean Dowie, Professional photographer Wilma Holley, Pinellas County Extension Ken Nedimeyer, Marine Biologist Jerome Sachs, UF Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Rich Abrams, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission George Burgess, Florida Museum of Natural History Angie Golubovich, Guana Tolomato Mantanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve 1

2 How to use this slide show The organisms in the slide show follow the same order as the MEE Species List and Species Identification Companion Guide (SICG). These two documents may be downloaded from the Florida 4-H website. As you view each organism, read the information provided in the SICG. This information will help you learn how each organism can be identified for the MEE Sections 1, 2, and 3. The Did You Know? sections of the SICG provide interesting information about some plants and animals. This information forms the basis of Section 4 in the MEE now called the Natural History Scavenger Hunt. NOTE: This replaces the Habitat ID section of the MEE. For more information refer to the MEE Guidelines and Rules found on the 4-H website. Section 2 Marine and Coastal Invertebrate ID Use your MEE Species Identification Companion Guide to learn more about the following invertebrates and how to identify them. Tube sponge Callyspongia sp. Loggerhead sponge Spheciospongia vesparium 2

3 Basket sponge Hircinia canaliculate Sheepswool sponge Hippospongia lachne Portuguese Man-of-war Physalia sp. Clover-shape in center Common or moon jellyfish Aurelia aurelia 3

4 Cannonball jellyfish Stomolophus meleagris Upside down jellyfish Cassiopeia xamachana Sea fan Gorgonia sp. Sea whip Leptogorgia sp. 4

5 Giant (pink-tipped) sea anemone Condylactus gigantea Brown sea anemone Aiptasia pallida Large star coral Montastraea cavernosa Brain coral Diploria labyrinthiformis 5

6 Elkhorn coral Acropora palmata Staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis Comb rows Fire coral Millepora alcicornis Sea walnut comb jelly Mnemiopsis mccraydi 6

7 Fire or Bristle worms Hermodice sp. or Eurythoe sp. Spaghetti worm Amphitrite sp. Christmas tree worm Spirobranchus giganteus Chitons Photo courtesy of Jerome Sachs 7

8 Limpets Tusk shell Dentalium sp. Slipper shell Crepidula sp. Bay scallop Aequipecten irradians ears 8

9 Pen shell Atrina rigida Atlantic ribbed mussel Geukensia demissa Eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica Quahog Mercenaria sp. 9

10 Sunray venus Macrocallista nimbosa Giant Atlantic cockle Dinocardium robustum Marsh periwinkle Littorina irrorata Coquina clam Donax variabilis 10

11 Florida horse conch Pleuroploca gigantica Florida crown conch Melongena corona West Indian Fighting Conch Strombus pugilis Pink or Queen conch Strombus gigas 11

12 Banded tulip Fascioleria hunteria Atlantic moon snail or Shark s eye Polineces duplicatus Netted olive Oliva reticularis Florida rock shell Thais haemastoma 12

13 Egg cases Lightning whelk Busycon contrarium This whelk is left-handed Pear whelk Busycon spiratum This whelk is right-handed. Common octopus Octopus vulgaris Squid Loligo pealei 13

14 Gooseneck barnacle Lepas sp. Acorn barnacle Balanus sp. Photo courtesy of Bryan Fluech Horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus Green-striped hermit crab Clibanarius vittatus 14

15 Atlantic decorator crab Stenocianops sp. Flame-streaked box crab or Shame-faced crab Calappa flammea Blue crab Callinectes sapidus Spider crab Mithrax spinosissimus 4-H photo by J. Dovi Photo courtesy of Rich Abrams 15

16 rings on legs Young stone crab Mud crab Panopeus sp. Tooth Stone crab Menippe mercenaria 4-H photo by A. Holt Ghost crab Ocypode quadrata Square shell Arrow crab Stenorhynchus seticornis 16

17 Mole crab or sand flea Emerita talpoida Fiddler crab Uca sp. rostrum Mantis shrimp Claw appendage with teeth White shrimp Penaeus setiferus 17

18 Banded coral shrimp Stenopus hispidus Grass or Arrow shrimp Tozeuma carolinense Spiny lobster Glass shrimp Palaemonetes vulgaris Panulirus argus Photo courtesy of Chris Simoniello 18

19 Atlantic purple sea urchin Arbacia punctulata Beach flea (amphipod) Orchestia sp. Variegated urchin Lytechinus sp. Pencil urchin Eucidaris tribuloides 19

20 Sea star 5 holes Echinaster sp. Keyhole sand dollar Mellita quinquiesperforata Top view Top view Cushion star Oreaster reticulatus Bottom view Photo courtesy of Rich Abrams Nine arm sea star Luidia sp. Bottom view Photo courtesy of Rich Abrams 20

21 Brittle star Ophionereis reticulata Sea cucumber Pentacta pigmaea Mangrove tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata Leathery or pleated sea squirt Styela plicata 21